Academic Writing - 2nd Years

7/21/2019 Academic Writing - 2nd Years

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Academic Writing Year 2

Elaine McCarthy





Essay

Part One

• Lectures

• 7! "ords #$%Part T"o

• 'lecti(e

•$)!!! "ords #7%Due – 16th of December



Learning Outcomes

• Research• *nalysis

• +ommunication

,eed to demonstrate that you ha(e come tothe class and engaged "ith the ideas

-resented.

/m-ortant to consider the Learning Outcomes asthese are the grading criteria your lecturers "ill useto correct your "or0.



Essay Question

• 1ey "ords

• 2nderstand directie !ords 3

4lossary– """$.le.ac.u05o6ces5ld5resources5"riting5"ritingresources5essayterms

• What is your to"ic8

• Who is your audience8• What is your aim8

http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/writing/writing-resources/essay-terms

http://www2.le.ac.uk/offices/ld/resources/writing/writing-resources/essay-terms



Actie #esearch



#eading

•S9:R """.youtube.com5"atch8(;!dhcSP<=y>g

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dhcSP_Myjg

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0dhcSP_Myjg



$lan

• 4et se%uence o ideas in -lace

• 1ee- research and "riting focused

• /dentiy "hat is releant and "hat isn?t

• @el-s build an argument

• '(enly distribute !ord count

• #educe stress

• @o" do / do this8Aullet -oints) =ind =a-s) doodles) tal0ing it out



&rea' it do!n (

/ntroduction 3 $!! "ordsPoint B 3 C!! "ords

Point $ 3 C!! "ords

Point : 3 C!! "ordsPoint C 3 C!! "ords

+onclusion 3 $!! "ords

)otal – 2*+++ !ords

#emember this is an e,am"le-

Ad.ust your "lan to /t in all your 'ey "oints-



Essay 0onstruction

Your conclusion is the roof ofyour argument- t seals youressay-

)he body contains the main

themes- Li'e the rooms of ahouse* they are connected buteach has a dierent "ur"ose-

)he introduction is the /rst

layer

#eferences form the foundation



$aragra"h 3tructure

'ach -aragra-h

–

ntroduce– &ac'u" !ith

eidence– 3ummarise



Write

• 4et startedD

• Eollo" your structure

• Reer bac0 to the research Fuestion

• Wor0s-aceG consistent) comortable &organised

• Refne and reassess later



AcademicWriting

• 'H-ress yoursel clearly

• +orrect s-elling) grammar) -unctuation

• ,on descri-ti(e

•=inimal use o I/) Imy) Ime• OKers and argument or critiFue

• *cademic "riting is not aboutG

long com-licated "ords5sentences

original ideas that no one has e(er "rittenabout

s"ee-ing statements



Education is not the filling of a pail,

but the lighting of a fire.

– W. B. Yeats

Or Plutarch



&eing 0ritical

• Put or"ard a Fuestion or argument• 'H-lore and e(aluate

• 'Haminelimitations5shortcomings5"ea0nesses

• Reerence eH-erts• =a0e a constructie suggestion

• Remember be res-ectul) this is not aboutslating another -erson?s "or05ideas5methods

• Struggling8 @a(e a chat "ith classmatesabout your to-ic. Mou "ill soon fnd you ha(ean o-inion or stance to ta0e.



4ey $hrases5ntroduction

• The ob.ectie o this essay is

• The essay "ill focus on.

• This essay "ill aim to ans!erthe %uestion

• This essay "ill attem"t toe,amine

• This essay "ill e,"lore



4ey $hrases5 7ain&ody

• /t is argued that

• /t is "ro"osed that

• The authors "osit that• The authors assert that

• n addition).

•8urthermore)•3igni/cantly



+onclusion

• n conclusion)

•All things considered

•#uleG ,e(er bring in ne"inormation unless ma0ing a-oint about uture directions in

the discussed to-ic•*cademic Phraseboo0

""".-hraseban0.manchester.ac.u0

http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/

http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/



$roof and Edit

What to loo0 orG• Rele(ant to to-ic8

• Aac0 u- -oints bring in eH-ert

o-inions8• S-elling) 4rammar & Punctuation

• Eormatting

• Reerencing• StrategiesG S-ell+hec0) teHt to s-eech)

s"a- "ith a riend) -rint out and doodle



#emember

• 2se 21 s-elling rather than 2S s-elling e.g.colour rather than color

• 2se ont si9e 12

• Double s"ace your "riting

• Non?t o(er rely on Fuotes• #eference



:0AD #eferencing3ystem

;arard 3tyle



Why #eference<

• +redit your sources

• Nemonstrate readings

• Aring in eH-erts? o-inions• Strengthen your argument

• *(oid -lagiarism 3 accidental or not

• Proessional integrity



$lagiarism

MARK AIRS/ISTOCKPHOTO.COM

,eed to cite and reerence all inormation that is not your intellectual

-ro-erty. This includes -ara-hrased inormation) i.e. inormation youha(e -ut in your o"n "ords.



)rust!orthy

3ource<• +redible

• *cademic "ritingG use o correct s-elling)

grammar and -ro-er terminology• Recently dated

• 2se "ebsites or your o"n understanding

and then reerence academic sources•,o Wi0i-edia DDD



#eliable Eidence and3ources

•,+*N Library– """.ncad.ie5library

•,+*N Online

Journals– ca-itadisco(ery.co.u05ncad5

•,/*L

–""".ni(al.ie

•4oogle Scholar– scholar.google.com

http://www.ncad.ie/library/visit-us/

http://www.ncad.ie/library/visit-us/





• The author?sname

• The year it "as

-ublished• The title• Who "ublished it• Where it "as

"ublished• $ages you used

)hings to note



I/t ta0es a great deal

o time and thoughtto install "or0careully. This should

not al"ays bethro"n a"ay.

EromG Nonald Judd#BQ7 Complete writings,1975-1986. 'indho(enGan *bbemuseum -. BBB



QuoteI/t ta0es a great deal o time and

thought to install "or0 careully. Thisshould not al"ays be thro"n a"ay. =ostart is ragile and some should be -lacedand ne(er mo(ed again #Judd) BQ7) -.

:.

$ara"hrasing

Judd -laced a great im-ortance on thecuration o "or0) remar0ing that this-rocess should ta0e a large amount otime and thought to be done correctly#BQ7) -. :.



0itations in the )e,t

•*uthor

• Mear

•Page ,umber#Smith) B!) -. $)

Image cortesy o!introvertspring.com

T"o authors 3 #Smith and Ala0e) $!!!) -.7

=ore than three authors 3 #Smith et al.

B) -.B!!



Eig. $ Piet =ondrian "roa#way "oogie $oogie #BC$C: Oil on can(as)

The =useum o =odern *rt) ,e" Mor0

/nclude only "hen reerred to in the teHt.

IPiet =ondrian?s "or0 "roa#way "oogie $oogie #BC$BC: #Eig. $

Art!or'



&ibliogra"hy

• List ALL material consulted

• Placed at the end o your essay

• List it al-habetically by

author?s name

• +itation sot"are 3 otero""".youtube.com5"atch8(;>QSOC,$O=c



&ibliogra"hy = &oo'

*uthor #or editor) #year o-ublication in -arenthesis)

%itle in Italics. Place o-ublicationG -ublisher. Poyner) R. #BQ &esign withot "on#aries. LondonG Aooth+libborn 'ditions.

&ibliogra"h



&ibliogra"hy0ha"ter !ith Dierent

Authors*uthor) year #in -arenthesis) title ocha-ter or essay? then "rite in? ollo"edby name & initial o editor5o(erall author)title in italics. Place o -ublicationG-ublisher) -age number#s.

Smith) P. J. #B7 Aritish *rt in the BQ!s andB!s? in =ur-hy) A. #ed) Art !rom "ritain. SidneyG=useum o +ontem-orary *rt) --. BC7B.

&ibli h



&ibliogra"hyWeb #esource

*uthor5 editor?s name) #year in-arenthesis) %itle in Italics. Place oPublicationG Publisher #i

ascertainable. *(ailable romG 2RL#*ccessedG date

@olland) =. #$!!C 'i#e to Citing Internet (orces.PooleG Aournemouth 2ni(ersity. *(ailable atGhtt-G55""".bournemouth.ac.u0.library5using5guide<to<citing<internet<sources.html #*ccessedG C,o(ember $!!C



&ibliogra"hy >ournal Article

*uthor) #year o -ublication) title oarticle?) title o! )ornal in italics)(olume number #-art number) -agenumbers o article.

Na"es) J. and Ro"ley) J. #BQ U'nhancing

the customer eH-erienceG contributionsrom inormation technologyU)*anagement &ecision, :V#) --. :!:7

ibli h



&ibliogra"hy8ilm

%itle o! +lm #Mear o NistributionNirector =aterial designationX.Place o distributionG Nistribution

+om-any.

*aceth #BCQ Nirected by OrsonWelles EilmX. 2S*G Re-ublic Pictures



3ome E,ce"tions

• ,o -age number #>ust lea(e it outD• *nonymous "or0 use title o "or0#Treasures o *rt) B!) -.QC

• ,o author or year #"ebsite use title as

author and n.d. or year• / no main author #(ideo or flm use the title• 'Hact year un0no"n #ca. B7! or #n. d.• =ore than one -ublication use letters to

distinguish and list chronologically inbibliogra-hy #Smith) BQQa) -.B

Wh t 8i d th



Where to 8ind the?uidelines<

,+*N Website 3 isual +ulture""".ncad.ie5students5studentacademicinormation5(isualculture-rogrammeinormation5

0 W iti



0ommon Writing7ista'es

• Nid not s-eciy essay Fuestion atstart

• ,o clear introduction

• Poor structure• O(erly descri-ti(e

• Written in the frst -erson I/) Imy

• =isuse or absence o -unctuation

• Poor reerencing



Euchsia =acaree

Where are you !asting

your time <



• Perectionism is a orm o -rocrastination• What is ma0ing you stri(e to"ards

-erectionism8

• Remember ideals are directions) notabsolutes

• Eocus on your end goal and don?t obsesso(er the fne detail





3tay 8ocused• Pomodoro Princi-le

• 2@ mins of !or' and @ mins brea' ,BC

• 2+ min brea'

• Timers Tomato Timer tomatotimer.com

• Limit Nistractions +old Tur0ey getcoldtur0ey.com



3-7-A-#-)- ?oals



E,am"le

•3"eci/c 3 Aegin introduction

•7easurable 3 / "ill "rite $!! "ords

•Attainable 3 / can manage $!! "ords•#eleant 3 Wor0ing to"ards deadline

•)ime=orientated 3 Tonight V-m





Questions<



:eed ;el"<

O"ening ;ours5 am=@"m 7onday to 8riday

Email5 learningsu""ortsta-ncad-ie

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Academic Writing - 2nd Years