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1. WHAT ODE O! H"#AL$% "S DEP"TED O& EAH BOO'( WHAT "S

THE "MPL"AT"O& O! '&")HTS A&D '"&)S S*BM"SS"O& TO O$

#"OLAT"O& O! THE ODE TO THEM A&D TO THE '"&)DOM(

The most evident code that almost all of the knights exemplied

among the books: to +ersevere to the end in an, enter+rise -eun.

Book 1

To o-e, those +la/ed in authorit,.The archbishop decreed that no one

was to touch the sword until the high mass was complete. No one tried to

remove the sword until the masses were nally nished.

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith.ing !rthur led his army" with

the help of his loyal knights" #ir Baudwin" #ir ay and #ir Brastias.

Book $

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith. Balin and Balan arrived to help

ing !rthur%s ght against the twelve kings including Nero and ing &ot

'killed by (ellinore).

To uard the honor o0 0ello nihts.Balin seeks to revenge the death

of a sorrowful knight at the hands of an invisible foe.

To +rote/t the ea and de0enseless.The lady accompanying Balin was

assaulted by many men and Balin confronted the men. Balin killed #ir *arlon

to have his blood to be used for the healing of a rich man%s son.

To es/he un0airness3 4eanness and de/eit. Balin and Balan disdained

the cruelty of the castle inhabitants who engineered their ght and tragedy.

Book +

To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en. ! lady suddenly arrived on a white horse

and demanded that !rthur rescue her brachet and so the king sent: #ir Tor

after the brachet.

At all ti4es to s+ea the truth.(ellinore swore on a holy book to tell the

truth of his adventure to !rthur.

Book ,

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith. #ir ay" #ir *awaine and #ir

*ri-et engaged in battle with ing !rthur.

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To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en. #ir &amorak" #ir 7eliogrance and #ir

&auncelot ght for the honor of their ueens.

To uard the honor o0 0ello nihts.#ir &auncelot arrived to separate

&amorak and 7eliagrance.

Book 18

&ever to re0use a /hallene 0ro4 an e7ual.

To o-e, those +la/ed in authorit,.7ark swore to uphold his promises to

!rthur.

To re0rain 0ro4 ivin o0 anton o5ense.#ir Bersules" refused to take

part in 7ark%s plan of killing Tristram.

To 6ht 0or the el0are o0 all.Tristram agreed to ght for 9ornwall underattack by the sessions and #aracens.

Book 11

To +rote/t the ea and the de0enseless. #ir &auncelot freed a lady

trapped for ve years.

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith.

Book 1$

To uard the honor o0 0ello nihts. &auncelot defeated the knights

who overcome #ir Bliant.

&ever to re0use a /hallene 0ro4 an e7ual.#ir &auncelot threatened

Bliant then he armed himself to ght for &auncelot.

Book 1+

To 0ear )od and 4aintain his /hur/h. *alahad%s noble uest for the

#angreal would inspire the other knights onto a similar spiritual path.

To 6ht 0or the el0are o0 all.*alahad defeated the seven knights who

were tyrants and practicing wicked customs in the castle of 7aidens.

To 0ear )od and 4aintain his /hur/h.&auncelot vowed to repudiate his

wickedness and to go great deed%s in the &ord%s name.

Book 1,

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To 0ear )od and 4aintain his /hur/h.To live -, honor and 0or lor,.

(ercival glimpsed the crucix on his sword handle and remembered he

should remain a virgin. (ercival had resisted temptation by reecting the old

woman as sin and the devil.

Book 10

To 0ear )od and 4aintain his /hur/h.&auncelot prayed at a cross for his

sins to be forgiven.

Book 1

To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en. To +rote/t the ea and

de0enseless.Bors prevailed in a battle to ght for the lady in a tower. 3e

made the lady%s enemies respect her. 3e also saved a maiden from a chasing

knight.

Book 14

To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en.*alahad refused to grant the act that the

lady should donate a bowl of blood and fought the knights.

Book 15

To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en. &auncelot fought and defend

*uenevere%s honor in a duel.

Book 16

&ever to re0use a /hallene 0ro4 an e7ual. &auncelot challenged

7eliagrance for a duel and he accepted it.

Book $8

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith.*areth and *aheris honoured

!rthur%s reuest to escort the ;ueen in her execution by re.

Book $1

To serve the liee lord in valor and 0aith.

To uard the honor o0 0ello nihts.

To res+e/t the honor o0 o4en.

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THE "MPL"AT"O& O! '&")HTS A&D '"&)S S*BM"SS"O& O!

THE ODES O! H"#AL$% TO THEM "S THAT THE% A$E L"#"&) THE

"DEALS O! HA#"&) HO&O$ &OT O&L% BEA*SE O! THE"$

'&")HTHOOD B*T )E&E$ALL% O! BE"&) A MA&. THE "MPL"AT"O&

TO THE '"&)DOM )"#ES *S THE &OT"O& THAT "! ALL '&")HTS

AB"DE B% THESE ODES3 THE& PEAE A&D P$OSPE$"T% WO*LD

P$E#A"L. O& THE OTHE$ HA&D3 THE #"OLAT"O&S O! THE ODE

WO*LD "MPL% THAT &O MATTE$ HOW )$EAT THE "DEALS O! THE

ODE O! H"#AL$% A$E3 "T W"LL ALL 8E$O "& TO THE !AT THAT

&OBOD% A& ESAPE "MPE$!ET"O& TH$O*)H THE $ES"STA&E TO

TEMPTAT"O& !O$ L*ST A&D )$EED "& TE$MS O! "&TE$EST3 DEEDS

A&D HO"ES.

1

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)OES O& A 9*EST TO !")HT A&D W"& !A#O*$ W"TH A LAD%. O& THE

O*$SE O! THESE E#E&TS3 ELEME&TS O! $EL")"O&3 MA)"3

POL"T"S3 WA$ A&D $OMA&E3 THESE D"!!E$E&T A$EAS BE)A& TO

MELD TO)ETHE$.

The code of chivalry emanated from religion which knights shouldfollow to achieve glory and honor. 3Declarations of faith were also popular in

heraldry" whether as simple as a red cross or as intricate as a painting of the

Eirgin 7ary. The order of knighthood has been associated with the defense of

the 9hurch. nights had pledged loyalty to *od and king and faced

numerous temptations imposed to draw them away from this loyalty= those

that succeeded in overcoming these temptations were depicted as symbols

of perfection" having achieved the height of chivalry upon earth. For example

is (ercival who glimpsed the crucix on his sword handle and remembered

he should remain a virgin. (ercival had resisted temptation by reecting the

old woman as sin and the devil. nights struggled not only of physical uest

and waging war but of spiritual as to the uest of the 3oly *rail. !lthough

7erlin is a supernatural being in his witchcraft" his image portrays a 9hristian

characteristic of maintaining faith in the 9hurch. 9ertain events and

situations in the story had a mystical cause>e?ect relationship as what

prophesies and magical interventions would convey. ing !rthur was born in

an unusual" supernatural way because 7erlin helped /ther to deceive @graine

and impregnate her. ing !rthur%s way to the crown was made possible

through the help of 7erlin%s craft" although still destined by his birth.

9ompromise the interest of all the aspiring kings of Gngland through theremoval of a sword in a stone that whoever pulls it is the rightful 3igh ing.

This is for me the main political undertaking in the story. #ince the aspiring

lesser ings are too greedy in power" the only resort for things to be at peace

is to have a war. @t can be noted that 1$ kings waged war with ing !rthur.

ranking oIcial" this new chivalry was undertaken for the sake of a lady. Gven

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the traditional knightly ualities of bravery" loyalty" and courtesy became the

outworking of a love for one%s lady instead of one%s lord. &ancelot%s

combining his allegiance to !rthur and knightly virtues with his chaste

loyalty to *uenevere.

:. HOW DOES THE STO$% $E!LET THE A)E O! H"#AL$% A&D'&")HTHOOD(

9hivalry with its concept of knighthood is adopted by various Guropean

countries in the era as one of the principal codes applied not only in military

campaigns but also in the sphere of morality as well as the social

stratication of the monarchies.

The story re-ected the age of 9hivalry and nighthood by way of

presenting adventures of knights as warrior and their struggle to achieve

perfection through the strict compliance of the code of chivalry.5The story emphasiJed the martial aspects of chivalry" created its own

ideal of chivalry and knighthood" combining ghting prowess" a reputation

for following the code of conduct for knights" and virtue" inspired by love and

service to the king as a standard for his greatest exemplar of a knight. The

chivalric ideal of knighthood was primarily worldly. @t focuses on the 2ound

Table and the fellowship of knights bound in a common loyalty to ing !rthur.

ENDNOTES

1Beals, Natalie. Chivalry in Malory: A Look at the Inconsistencies of Lancelot,

Gareth, and Tristram in Le Morte dArthur

2htt+;

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