ABSTRACT OF FREWUENCY

8/13/2019 ABSTRACT OF FREWUENCY

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the node capacitances and lea#age paths4 in turn reducing overall power by ;:< in &58.

7 modified charge pump is proposed to match the charging and discharging of currents

into and from the loop filter. 7 L-V% is designed and characteri'ed= it has minimal

non-linearity in its characteristics and maintains a low-gain which enhances closed-loop

stability. !he L based V% operates at frequency of ,.+)' with the control voltage

varying from :.+-2.>V.

!he entire design of &LL has been carried out in :.2?um $%S technology. 5or

all the bloc#s of &LL4 the schematic is captured and the layout implementation is done for

:.2?um technology. !he suitable test setup to analy'e the performance of &584 &4 V%4

58 and the complete &LL is created. !he simulation results for all these bloc#s are

verified. !he output frequency of &LL is ,.+).Since the entire wirelesscommunication standard operates in this frequency range. !his frequency is specified in

the IS$ band by I!@-! for communication purpose. !he :.2?um $%S technology

supports up to ,)4 but the 8ivide-by-,+ circuit has been designed to provide the exact

result of ,.+).!he complete &LL is implemented and the loc#ing time is found to be

:.+,> ns4 "itter is found to be A.,ps and a power consumption of the design is found to be

2.>m6. !he area of the complete &LL frequency synthesi'er is found to be

>,(.B;2CmD(A2.:B: Cm.

&reviously we had frequency synthesi'er which has a &LL and V% chip

implemented separately on the &3 in order to avoid the electromagnetic interference

caused by inductors. In this wor#4 the number of inductors is reduced from > to ,.!his

provides the implementation of V% on the chip &LL.!his not only consumes less area

but also consumes less power.


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733REV7!I%FS

78-7nalog !o 8igital onverter

3&5-3and &ass 5ilter

$%S - omplementary $etal %xide Semiconductor

&&LL - harge &ump &hase Loc#ed Loop

& - harge &ump

87S - 8irect 7nalog Synthesis

8

88S - 8irect 8igital Synthesis

8F 8own

8R

58 - 5requency 8ivider

5$ - 5requency $odulation

5SG - &hase Shift Geying

)8SII-

)S$-

I - Integrated ircuit

IS$-Industrial 4Scientific and $edicine

L7F

L5 - Loop 5ilter

LF7-Low Foise 7mplifier

L% - Local %scillator

LVS-

F$%S - F-channel $%S

&7-&ost 7mplifier


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&7F

&8 - &hase 8etector

&58 - &hase and 5requency 8etector

&LL - &hase loc#ed Loop

&$%S - &-channel $%S

RK-

R5-Radio 5requency

V% - Voltage ontrolled %scillator

VLSI - Very Large Scale Integration

67F

68$7-6ideband ode 8ivision $ultiple 7ccess

6i-5i-

6i-$7K-


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ABSTRACT OF FREWUENCY