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ABSTRACT
TEGUH RIANTO. The Ecology of Rinjani Morel Mushroom (Morchella aff.
deliciosa) in Gunung Rinjani National Park-West Nusa Tenggara. Under direction
of ERVIZAL AM ZUHUD and ACHMAD.
Ecologically based information on Rinjani morel mushroom (Morchella aff.
deliciosa) habitat is needed to determine decision making by park manager for its
conservation. The study was taken to describe and identify the ecological factors
that correlate with the presence of the fruitbodies of M. aff. deliciosa. Fourteen
plots (10m x 10m) with morel fruitbodies and twenty one plots without morel
fruitbodies at higher level of altitude were established accidentally for
measurement of climatic, soil, and trees variables during morel fructification.
Data were described statistically and analyzed using multiple linear regression and
discriminant analysis. The research result showed that fructification of M. aff.
deliciosa appeared at level of altitude 1572,00-1609,00m, slope between 7,94-
54,00%, aspect between 4,00-360,00o. The lifespan of morel fruitbodies between
15-20 days. The air temperature range of 18,53 - 19,6oC and 83,00 - 90,50%
humidity on the forest floor measurement, light between 490,00-620,00lux.
Brown Mediterran loam soils supported the morel fruiting, pH neutral (7,0),
medium C/N ratio (12,16), low P (12,53ppm) and medium Ca (10,22me/100g).
Anomianthus auritus, Syzygium polyanthum, Weinmannia sp., Uropyhllum
macrophyllum, and Piper sp. were identified as dominant tree species. The values
of Shannon-Wiener index obtained for site with morel and site without morel
tested using t test (Levene’s test) showed there is no difference in tree diversity
between the two locations. The Morisita–Horn index also showed that similirity
indices between the two locations is about 83,40%. The research result indicated
that morel started to fruit when the humidity begin to slow for some short period
and stopped to fruit until humidity constant relatively. The multiple linear
regression analysis showed that light was the only ecological factor correlated
significantly with the number of morel fruitbodies. Meanwhile the t test showed
there was significantly different ecological components between the morel site
and the site without morel i.e the temperature, forest floor moisture, light intensity
and altitude factor. This information on the nature M. aff. deliciosa habitat
provides the first step in succesfull management and conservation of morel and
other mushroom resources.
Keywords: morel, Morchella, ecology, fructification, natural habitat, Gunung
Rinjani National Park.