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Absolute Monarchs of Europe. Henry IV. France 1589-1610 Witty, athletic, popular, nice to poor Raised Protestant, converted to Catholicism Wars of Religion Edict of Nantes. Louis XIII. France 1610-1643 Thirty Years War Exiled his mother Minister Cardinal Richelieu. Louis XIV. France - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Absolute Monarchs of Europe
Henry IV• France• 1589-1610• Witty, athletic,
popular, nice to poor
• Raised Protestant, converted to Catholicism
• Wars of Religion• Edict of Nantes
Louis XIII
• France
• 1610-1643
• Thirty Years War
• Exiled his mother
• Minister Cardinal Richelieu
Louis XIV• France• 1643-1715• The “Sun King”• Palaces at
Versailles• Persecuted
Protestants (revoked grandfather’s Edict of Nantes)
Ivan the Terrible• Russia• 1530-1584• First king of Russia
to use the term “czar”
• Drove Mongols out and united Russia
• Killed his only son and heir, secret police
Peter the Great• Russia• 1682-1725• Modernized
Russia• Built up large
army and navy• Outlawed
boyars – Russian nobles
Catherine the Great
• Russia• 1762-1796• Well educated• “enlightened”
monarch• Revised old
laws, improved education
• Favored the nobles
• War with Turkey
Henry VIII• England• 1509-1547• Known as “defender
of the faith” as a young king
• Started the Church of England in order to obtain a divorce
• Gained power and wealth
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth I• England • 1558-1603• Defeated Spanish
Armada• “Good Queen Bess”• Had Mary, Queen of
Scots killed• Never married, called
the “Virgin Queen”• Sent explorers around
the world, Sir Francis Drake
The Mary’s• Mary, Queen of Scots• Executed by Queen
Elizabeth, mother of King James I
• Mary I, “Bloody Mary”• 1553-1558
James I
• England• 1603-1625• Coined the phrase
“divine right of kings”• Dissolved Parliament• Started witch hunts• American colonies
started (Jamestown)
Charles I
• England• 1625-1649• Refuses to
listen to parliament
• Raises taxes on his own
• Gets beheaded
Carlos V• Spain• 1506-1558• Wanted a universal,
Catholic Europe• Diet of Worms –
Martin Luther given a chance to defend himself
• Peace of Augsburg – “cuius regio, eius religio”
• Council of Trent – sweeping reforms of Church, affirmation of Catholic beliefs
Philip II
• Spain• 1558-1598• "I inherited, I
bought, I conquered”
• Oversaw growth of Spanish Empire
• Sent Armada to England
Maria Theresa
• Austria• 1740-1780• War with Prussia• Outlawed burning
witches• Started
innocculations for children
Frederick the Great
• Prussia
• 1740-1786
• Son of “Soldier King” Frederick William
• Patron of the Arts
• “Enlightened monarch”