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Section 12

Fire Protection and Fire Extinguishing Equipment

A. General

1. Scope

1.1 The requirements in this Section apply to fireprotection in the machinery and boiler spaces of pas-senger and cargo vessels and to fire extinguishingequipment throughout the ship.

1.2 Fire fighting ships to which the Notation FF is to be allocated are also subject to the GL Rules VI Additional Rules and Guidelines, Part 3 MachineryInstallations, Chapter 4 Guidelines for Equipment onFire Fighting Ships .

2. Documents for approval

Diagrammatic plans, drawings and documents cover-ing the following are to be submitted in triplicate forapproval:

water fire extinguishing equipment, includingdetails of the capacities and pressure heads ofthe fire pumps and hydraulic calculations of theminimum pressure at the fire hose nozzles speci-fied in Table 12.3

CO 2 fire extinguishing system with arrangementdrawing, operating diagram, CO 2 room, trippingdevices, alarm diagram, calculation, form F 88, operating instructions

foam extinguishing system, including drawingsof storage tanks for foam concentrate, monitorsand foam applicators and the calculations anddetails relating to the supply of foam concen-trate

pressure water spraying system, automatic,including drawings for pressurised water tank,spray nozzles and alarms, with calculation

pressure water spraying system, manually oper-ated, including calculations of water demandand pressure drop, spray nozzles, remote control

for pressure water spraying systems in ro/rodecks/special category spaces, also documentaryproof of water drainage system

pressure water spraying system for exhaust gasfired thermal oil heaters, including a drawing ofthe heater showing the arrangement of the spraynozzles and a diagram and calculation of the wa-ter supply and drainage

dry powder fire extinguishing system, includingthe powder vessels, propellant containers andthe relevant calculations

fire extinguishing equipment for galley rangeexhaust ducts and deep-fat cooking equipment

fixed local fire extinguishing arrangement forfuel oil purifiers for heated fuel oil

fixed local application fire-fighting systems for

category A machinery spaces for passenger ships: arrangement of smoke de-

tectors and manually operated call points in ac-commodations including service spaces, as wellas in machinery spaces and cargo spaces

arrangements for the transport of dangerousgoods, as far as these are not covered by thegeneral system drawings of the ship

form 236, "Application Form for NewbuildingsIntended for the Carriage of DangerousGoods ..."

3. References to further Rules

3.1 Structural fire protection

Chapter 1 Hull Structures, Section 22

3.2 Ships carrying liquefied gases in bulk

Chapter 6 Liquefied Gas Tankers

3.3 Ships carrying dangerous liquid chemicals inbulk

Chapter 7 Chemical Tankers

3.4 Pressure vessels

Section 8

3.5 Oil fired equipment

Section 9

3.6 Fuel and oil storage

Section 10

3.7 Pipes, valves, fittings and pumps

Section 11

3.8 Machinery for ships with ice class

Section 11, I.2.

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3.9 Additional fire protection and fire extinguish-ing equipment in automated plant

Chapter 4 Automation, Section 4, G.

3.10 Electrical plant

Chapter 3 Electrical Installations

3.11 Equipment of fire fighting ships

VI Additional Rules and Guidelines, Part 3 Machinery Installation, Chapter 4 Guide-lines for Equipment on Fire Fighting Ships

4. Alternative design and arrangements

The fire safety design and arrangements may differfrom the prescriptive requirements of this Section,provided that the design and arrangements meet thefire safety objectives and functional requirements 1.

B. Fire Protection

1. Machinery space arrangement

1.1 The arrangement of machinery spaces is to beso that safe storage and handling of flammable liquidsis ensured.

1.2 All spaces in which internal combustion

engines, oil burners or fuel settling or service tanks arelocated is to be easily accessible and sufficiently ven-tilated.

1.3 Where leakage of flammable liquids may oc-cur during operation or routine maintenance work, spe-cial precautions are to be taken to prevent these liquids from coming into contact with sources of ignition.

1.4 Materials used in machinery spaces normallyis not to have properties increasing the fire potential ofthese rooms

1.5Materials used as flooring, bulkhead lining,ceiling or deck in control rooms, machinery spaces or

rooms with oil tanks are to be non-combustible.Where there is a danger that oil may penetrate insulat-ing materials, these are to be protected against thepenetration of oil or oil vapours.

2. Fuel oil purifiers

2.1 Enclosed space

Fuel oil purifiers for heated fuel oil should preferablybe installed in a separate room. This room is to be en-

1 Reference is made to the "Guidelines on Alternative Design

and Arrangements for Fire Safety" adopted by IMO by MSC/Circ. 1002.

closed by steel divisions, be fitted with a self-closingsteel door and be provided with the following:

separate mechanical ventilation 2

fire detection and alarm system

fixed fire extinguishing system

This system may form part of the machineryspace fire extinguishing system. Actuation ofthe system is to be possible from outside theroom and is not to impair the operation of therest of the machinery installation.

Closure of the ventilation openings is to be pos-sible from a position close to the release stationfor the fire extinguishing system.

In the event of a fire in the machinery space, the

fire extinguishing system is to be capable of be-ing actuated together with the fire extinguishingsystem of the machinery space.

2.2 Open purifier station (area) within themachinery space

2.2.1 If it is impracticable to place the fuel oil puri-fiers in a separate room, precautions against fire are tobe taken giving particular consideration to arrange-ment, shielding/ containment of leaks and to adequateventilation 2.

In addition to the fixed fire extinguishing system in

the machinery space, a fixed local fire extinguishingarrangement is to be provided to protect the area atrisk.

2.2.2 The fixed local fire extinguishing arrange-ments are to be suitable for effective fire extinguishingin the areas at risk. Their actuation may be performedautomatically or manually. In case of automatic actua-tion means for manual release are to be provided addi-tionally. The actuating equipment for manual releaseis to be installed in the machinery control room or inanother suitable location.

2.3 A fixed local application fire-fighting systemfor purifiers for heated fuel oil required according to L.3 . supersedes the fixed local fire extinguishing sys-tem or arrangement required in 2.1 or 2.2.

3. Arrangement of boiler plants

Boilers are to be located at a sufficient distance fromfuel and lubricating oil tanks and from cargo spacebulkheads in order to prevent undue heating of thetank contents or the cargo. Alternatively, the tanksides or bulkheads are to be insulated.

2 See Rules in Chapter 21 Ventilation, Section 1, E.10.

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4. Insulation of piping and equipment withhigh surface temperatures

4.1 All parts with surface temperatures above220 C, e.g. steam, thermal oil and exhaust gas lines,

exhaust gas boilers and silencers, turbochargers, etc.,are to be effectively insulated with non-combustiblematerials. The insulation is to be such that oil or fuelcannot penetrate into the insulating material.

Metal cladding or hard jacketing of the insulation isconsidered to afford effective protection against suchpenetration.

4.2 Boilers are to be provided with non-com-bustible insulation which is to be clad with steel sheetor the equivalent.

4.3 Insulation is to be such that it will not crack

or deteriorate when subject to vibration.

5. Fuel and lubricating oil tanks

The requirements of Section 10 are to be observed.

6. Protection against fuel and oil leakages

6.1 Suitable means of collecting are to be fittedbelow hydraulic valves and cylinders as well as belowpotential leakage points in lubricating oil and fuel oilsystems.

Where oil leakages are liable to be frequent, e.g. with

oil burners, separators, drains and valves of servicetanks, the collectors are to be drained to an oil draintank.

Leakage oil drains may not be part of an overflowsystem.

6.2 The arrangement of piping systems and theircomponents intended for combustible liquids, are tobe such that leakage of these liquids cannot come intocontact with heated surfaces or other sources of igni-tion. Where this cannot be precluded by structuraldesign, suitable precautionary measures are to betaken.

6.3 Tanks, pipelines, filters, preheaters, etc. con-taining combustible liquids are not to be placed di-rectly above heat sources such as boilers, steam lines,exhaust gas manifolds and silencers or items ofequipment which have to be insulated in accordancewith 4.1 and are also not to be placed above electricalswitch gear.

6.4 Fuel injection pipes of diesel engines are tobe shielded or so installed that any fuel leaking outcan be safely drained away, see also Section 2, G.2.2 and Section 11, G.3.3 .

6.5 All parts of the oil fuel system containingheated oil under pressure exceeding 1.8 bar is, as faras practicable, to be arranged such that defects andleakage can readily be observed. The machinery

spaces in way of such parts of the fuel oil system areto be adequately illuminated.

7. Bulkhead penetrations

Pipe penetrations through class A or B divisions are tobe capable to withstand the temperature for which thedivisions were designed.

Where steam, exhaust gas and thermal oil lines passthrough bulkheads, the bulkhead is to be suitablyinsulated to protect it against excessive heating.

8. Means of closure

Means are to be provided for the airtight sealing ofboiler rooms and machinery spaces. The air ducts tothese spaces are to be fitted with fire dampers made ofnon-combustible material which can be closed fromthe deck. Machinery space skylights, equipmenthatches, doors and other openings are to be so ar-ranged that they can be closed from outside the rooms.

9. Emergency stops

Electrically powered fuel pumps, lubricating oilpumps, oil burner plants, purifiers, fan motors, boilerfans, thermal oil and cargo pumps are to be equippedwith emergency stops which, as far as practicable, areto be grouped together outside the spaces in which theequipment is installed and which are to remain acces-sible even in the event of a fire breaking out. Shut-offdevices are also to be provided inside the compart-ments in which the equipment is installed.

10. Remotely operated shutoff devices

Steam-driven fuel pumps, lubricating oil pumps,boiler fans, cargo pumps, the fuel supply lines to boil-ers and the outlet pipes of fuel tanks located above thedouble bottom are to be fitted with remotely operatedshutoff devices.

The controls for remote operation of the valve for theemergency generator fuel tank have to be in a separatelocation from the controls for remote operation ofother valves for tanks located in machinery spaces.

The location and grouping of the shut-off devices aresubject to the appropriate requirements specified in 9.

10.1 Machinery space safety station

It is recommended 3 that the following safety devicesbe grouped together in a central, at all times easilyaccessible location outside the machinery space:

cut-off switches for engine room ventilationfans, boiler blowers, fuel transfer pumps, purifi-ers, thermal oil pumps

means for closing the

quick-closing fuel valves

3 Compulsory for ships flying the German flag.

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remote controlled water tight doors and sky-lights in the machinery space area

actuation of the machinery space fire extinguish-ing system

On passenger ships, all controls indicated in 8., 9., 10.and 10.1 as well as means of control for permittingrelease of smoke from machinery spaces and means ofcontrol for closing power-operated doors or actuatingrelease mechanisms on doors other than power-operated watertight doors in machinery space bounda-ries, are to be located at one control position orgrouped in as few positions as possible. Such posi-tions are to have a safe access from the open deck.

When releasing the machinery space fire extinguish-ing system or opening the door of its release box fortest purposes exclusively, an automatic shutoff ofmachinery aggregates and auxiliary systems indicatedin 9. and 10. is not permitted (see also Chapter 3 Electrical Installations, Section 9, C. ).

10.2 Passenger ship safety station

On passenger ships carrying more than 36 passengers,the following safety devices are to be grouped to-gether in a permanently manned central control sta-tion:

the alarm panels of the pressure water sprayingsystem required in accordance with C.2.4 andthe fire detection and alarm system

the controls and status indicators for the re-motely operated fire doors

the emergency cut-offs of the ventilation fans(except machinery space fans) plus their startersand running lights

As regards the design of the alarm- and operatingpanels see Chapter 3 Electrical Installations, Section9.

11. Cargo spaces for the carriage of vehicleswith fuel in their tanks and cargo spaces ofro-ro ships

11.1 The cargo spaces of passenger ships carryingmore than 36 passengers are to be provided withforced ventilation capable of effecting at least 10 airchanges per hour.

11.2 The cargo spaces of passenger ships carryingnot more than 36 passengers are to be provided withforced ventilation capable of effecting at least 6 airchanges per hour.

11.3 On passenger ships special category spaces 4 are to be equipped with forced ventilation capable ofeffecting at least 10 air changes per hour.

4 For definition see Table 12.1, Note 4.

11.4 The cargo spaces of cargo ships and ro-roships are to be provided with forced ventilation capa-ble of at least 6 air changes per hour, if the electricalequipment is of certified safe type in the entire space,or at least 10 air changes per hour, if the electrical

equipment is of certified safe type up to a height of450 mm above the deck (see Chapter 3 ElectricalInstallations, Section 16 ).

11.5 Design

11.5.1 An independent power ventilation system isto be provided for the removal of gases and vapoursfrom the upper and lower part of the cargo space. Thisrequirement is considered to be met if the ducting isarranged such that approximately 1/3 of the air vol-ume is removed from the upper part and 2/3 from thelower part.

11.5.2 The ventilation system shall be capable ofbeing run during loading and unloading of vehicles aswell as during the voyage.

11.5.3 The design of mechanical exhaust ventilatorshas to comply with Section 15, B.5.3 .

For the type of protection of electrical motors andother electrical equipment located in the exhaust airstream, see Chapter 3 Electrical Installations, Sec-tion 16, H.

11.5.4 Reference is made to the ventilation require-ments in Chapter 21 Ventilation, Section 1, H. and I.

11.6 Monitoring

The failure of a fan has to actuate a visual/audiblealarm on the bridge.

11.7 Other requirements

11.7.1 Drains from vehicle decks may not be led tomachinery spaces or other spaces containing sourcesof ignition.

11.7.2 A fire detection and alarm system accordingto C. is to be provided for the cargo spaces and vehicledecks.

11.7.3 For the fire extinguishing equipment seeF.2.6 , F.2.7 and Table 12.1 .

11.8 Electrical equipment is to comply with therequirements in Chapter 3 Electrical Installations,Section 16 .

12. Ro-ro cargo spaces in passenger ships notintended for the carriage of vehicles withfuel in their tanks

12.1 For closed ro-ro cargo spaces which are notintended for the carriage of vehicles with fuel in theirtanks nor are special category spaces, the requirementsas per 11., with the exception of 11.5.3, 11.7.1 and11.8, as well as the requirements of Section 11, N.4.4 are to be applied.

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12.2 For open ro-ro cargo spaces which are notintended for the carriage of vehicles with fuel in theirtanks nor are special category spaces, the requirementsapplicable to a conventional cargo space are to beobserved with the exception that a sample extraction

smoke detection system is not permitted and that addi-tionally the requirements of Section 11, N.4.4 are tobe applied.

C. Fire Detection

1. General

Fire detection and alarm systems and sample extrac-tion smoke detection systems are subject to approval.For the design of the systems, see Chapter 3 Electri-cal Installations, Section 9, D .

2. Fire detection in passenger ships

2.1 In passenger ships carrying not more than 36passengers, a fire detection and alarm system in ac-cordance with Chapter 3 Electrical Installations,Section 9, D . is to be provided in all accommodation-and service spaces and, if considered necessary byGL, in control stations 5.

Spaces where there is no substantial fire risk are ex-cluded from this requirement.

2.2 Instead of a fire detection and alarm systemin accordance with 2.1 , an approved automatic pres-sure water spraying system in accordance with L.1. oran approved equivalent pressure water spraying sys-tem 6 may be provided.

In this case, additionally an approved fire detectionand alarm system in accordance with Chapter 3 Electrical Installations, Section 9, D. is to be installedin corridors, stairways and escape routes within theaccommodation area. This system is to be designed forsmoke detection.

2.3 Where in passenger ships a public space com-prises three or more decks (atrium) containing com-bustible furnishings, shops, offices or restaurants, theentire vertical fire zone is to be equipped with fireprotection arrangements in accordance with 2.4.

In this case however, deviating from Chapter 3 Elec-trical Installations, Section 9, D.3.1.11 and L.1.7.2 ofthis Section, all decks within this public space may bemonitored or protected by a common fire detection- orspraying section.

2.4 In passenger ships carrying more than 36 pas-sengers, an approved automatic pressure water spray-

5 For definition see SOLAS II-2, Reg.3.

6 See IMO-Resolution A.800 (19), "Revised Guidelines forApproval of Sprinkler Systems Equivalent to that Referred to inSOLAS Regulation II-2/12".

ing system in accordance with L.1. or an equivalent approved pressure water spraying system 6 is to be provided in all accommodation- and service spaces including corridors and stairways, and in control sta-tions.

All the above-mentioned spaces except for sanitaryspaces and galleys are additionally to be monitored forsmoke by means of a fire detection and alarm systemin accordance with Chapter 3 Electrical Installations,Section 9 .

In spaces having little or no fire risk, e.g. void spaces,public toilets, CO 2 room, etc., installations of a pres-sure water spraying system or a fire detection andalarm system may be omitted.

In control stations, instead of a pressure water spray-ing system some other suitable fixed fire extinguishingsystem may be provided if essential equipment in-stalled in these spaces could be damaged by water.

2.5 Closed cargo spaces for the carriage of motorvehicles with fuel in their tanks, closed ro/ro cargospaces and inaccessible cargo spaces are to beequipped with a fire detection and alarm system orwith a sample extraction smoke detection system.

The conditions of ventilation in the cargo spaces are tobe specially taken into account when designing andinstalling these systems.

The fire detection and alarm system prescribed forinaccessible cargo spaces may be dispensed with if theship only makes journeys of short duration.

2.6 Special category spaces (see also Table 12.1 ) are to be provided with manually operated call pointssuch that no part of the space is more than 20 m froma manually operated call point. One manually operatedcall point is to be mounted at each exit.

2.7 Special category spaces without a permanentpatrol system are to be equipped with a fire detectionand alarm system.

The conditions of ventilation are to be especially takeninto account in selecting and positioning the detectors.

After installation, the system is to be tested undernormal conditions of ventilation.

2.8 The cabin balconies are to be provided with afire detection and alarm system in accordance withChapter 3 Electrical Installations, Section 9, D ., ifthe furniture and furnishings on such balconies are notof restricted fire risk 7. 8

7 Definitions for restricted fire risk are given in SOLAS II-2,

regulations 3.40.1, 3.40.2, 3.40.3, 3.40.6 and 3.40.7.8 This requirement applies to passenger ships with keel laying

date on or after 1 st July, 2008. Passenger ships with keel layingdate before 1 st July, 2008 shall comply with this requirementby the first survey after 1 st July, 2008.

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3. Fire detection in the accommodationspaces of cargo ships

Depending on the structural fire protection of theaccommodation spaces, cargo ships are to be providedwith the following fire detection systems:

3.1 Structural fire protection method IC

A fire detection and alarm system including manuallyoperated alarms is to be provided for corridors, stair-ways and escape routes within the accommodationareas. The system is to be designed to detect smoke.

3.2 Structural fire protection method IIC

An automatic pressure water spraying system con-forming to L.1 . or an approved equivalent pressurewater spraying system 6 is to be provided for accom-modation and service spaces. Corridors, stairways andescape routes within the accommodation spaces aresubject to 3.1 above.

Spaces where there is no fire risk, e.g. void spaces,sanitary spaces, etc., need not be monitored.

3.3 Structural fire protection method IIIC

A fire detection and alarm system including manuallyoperated alarms is to be provided for the entire ac-commodation spaces, with the exception of spaceswhere there is no fire risk.

In corridors, staircases and escape routes, the system

is to be designed to detect smoke.4. Fire detection and alarm systems for ma-

chinery spaces

4.1 Machinery spaces of category A 9 of shipswith Class Notation AUT or AUT-Z are to beequipped with a fire detection and alarm system. Thesystem must be designed to detect smoke.

4.2 Spaces for emergency generators, which areused in port for serving the main source of electricalpower are to be provided with a fire detection systemregardless of the output of the diesel engine.

4.3 Exhaust gas fired thermal oil heaters are to befitted with a fire alarm on the exhaust gas side.

5. Fire detection and fire alarm systems forthe cargo spaces of cargo ships

5.1 Closed ro/ro cargo spaces are to be equippedwith a fire detection and alarm system.

5.2 Closed cargo spaces for the carriage of motorvehicles with fuel in their tanks are to be equippedwith a fire detection and alarm system or a sample

extraction smoke detection system.9 For definition see Chapter 1 Hull Structures, Section 22, D.

4.6 [6] (applicable to all ships in the scope of this Section) .

5.3 Cargo spaces for the carriage of dangerousgoods as specified in P. are to be equipped with a firedetection and alarm system or a sample extractionsmoke detection system. However, closed ro/ro cargospaces are subject to 5.1.

5.4 The provision of a fire detection and alarmsystem or a sample extraction smoke detection systemin cargo spaces not mentioned in 5.1. to 5.3 is recom-mended.

6. Design of fire detection and fire alarmsystems

6.1 For the design and installation of fire detec-tion and alarm systems, see Chapter 3 ElectricalInstallations, Section 9 and additionally L., automaticpressure water spraying systems.

6.2 Where sample extraction smoke detectionsystems are used in conjunction with CO 2 fire extin-guishing systems, separate monitoring is to be pro-vided for upper and lower cargo hold spaces.

6.3 In the case of cargo spaces intended for dan-gerous cargo steps are to be taken to ensure that the airdrawn in by a sample extraction smoke detection sys-tem is discharged directly into the open air.

D. Scope of Fire Extinguishing Equipment

1. General

1.1 Any ship is to be equipped with a generalwater fire extinguishing system in accordance with E. and with portable and mobile extinguishers as speci-fied under F.

1.2 In addition, depending on their nature, sizeand the propulsion power installed, spaces subject to afire hazard are to be provided with fire extinguishingequipment in accordance with Table 12.1 . The designof this equipment is described in E. to P.

Cargo spaces for the carriage of dangerous goods arealso required to comply with P.

Unless otherwise specified, this equipment is normallyto be located outside the spaces and areas to be pro-tected and, in the event of a fire, is to be capable ofbeing actuated from points which are always accessi-ble.

1.3 Approval of fire extinguishing appliancesand equipment

Fire fighting appliances such as hoses, nozzles, fireextinguishers, fireman's outfits and fire extinguishingmedia are to be approved for use aboard seagoingships by the competent national authorities.

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1.4 Protection of the cargo area of tankers

1.4.1 The cargo areas and the cargo pump rooms oftankers are to be equipped with a fixed fire extinguish-ing system in accordance with Table 12.1 .

1.4.2 Tankers equipped with a crude oil washingsystem and tankers of 20 000 tdw and above carryingflammable liquids with a flash point of 60 C or lessare to be additionally equipped with a fixed inert gassystem, see Section 15. D.

1.5 Open top container cargo spaces

Fire extinguishing arrangements for open top con-tainer cargo spaces have to be agreed upon with GL.10

E. General Water Fire Extinguishing Equip-ment (Fire and Deckwash System)

1. Fire pumps

1.1 Number of pumps

1.1.1 Passenger ships of 4000 GT and over are tobe equipped with at least three, and passenger ships ofless than 4000 GT with at least two fire pumps.

In passenger ships of 1000 GT and over, fire pumps,their sea connections and power sources are to bedistributed throughout the ship in such a way that anoutbreak of fire in one compartment cannot put themout of action simultaneously. Where, on passengerships of less than 1000 GT, the main fire pumps arelocated in one compartment, an additional emergencyfire pump is to be provided outside this compartment.

1.1.2 Cargo ships of 500 GT and over are to beequipped with at least two, and cargo ships of lessthan 500 GT with at least one fire pump.

1.1.3 On cargo ships of 500 GT and over a fixedemergency fire pump is to be provided if an outbreak

of fire in one compartment can put all the fire pumpsout of action.

An emergency fire pump is also to be provided if themain fire pumps are installed in adjacent compart-ments, and the division between the compartments isformed by more than one bulkhead or deck.

1.1.4 On cargo ships, in every machinery spacecontaining ballast, bilge or other water pumps, provi-sion is to be made for connecting at least one of thesepumps to the fire extinguishing system. Such connec-tion may be dispensed with where none of the pumpsis capable of the required capacity or pressure.

10 See IMO MSC/Circ. 608/Rev.1 "Interim Guidelines for Open

Top Containerships"

1.2 Minimum capacity and pressure head

1.2.1 The minimum capacity and the number offire pumps is to be as specified in Table 12.2 .

1.2.2 Where fire pumps with different capacitiesare installed, no pump is to supply less than 80 % ofthe total required capacity divided by the specifiednumber of fire pumps.

1.2.3 Each fire pump is to be capable of supplyingsufficient water for at least two of the nozzles used onboard the ship.

On ships for the carriage of dangerous goods the re-quirements of P. are also to be complied with.

The capacity of a fire pump is not to be less than25 m 3 /h.

On cargo ships of less than 100 GT the fire pump is tobe capable of supplying water for at least one effective

jet of water via a 9 mm nozzle.

1.2.4 The total required capacity of the fire pumps- excluding emergency fire pumps - need not exceed180 m 3 /h on cargo ships.

1.2.5 For emergency fire pumps, see 1.4 .

1.2.6 The pressure head of every fire pump is to beso chosen that the requirement of 2.3.4 is met. Oncargo ships of less than 300 GT, instead of the pres-sures given in Table 12.3 every nozzle is under theconditions of 2.3.4 to be capable of delivering a water

jet of at least 12 m length horizontally.

1.3 Drive and arrangement of pumps

1.3.1 Each fire pump is to have a power sourceindependent of the ship's propulsion machinery.

1.3.2 On cargo ships of less than 1000 GT, one ofthe fire pumps may be coupled to an engine which isnot exclusively intended to drive this pump.

1.3.3 On cargo ships of less than 300 GT, the firepump may be coupled to the main engine providedthat the line shafting can be detached from the mainengine (e.g. by means of a clutch coupling or revers-ing gear).

1.3.4 Fire pumps and their power sources may notbe located forward of the collision bulkhead. In cargoships, GL may, on request, permit exceptions to thisrequirement.

1.3.5 Fire pumps and their sea connections are tobe located as deep as possible below the ship's light

waterline.Where such an arrangement is impracticable, thepumps are to be of self-priming type or are to be con-nected to a priming system.

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Table 12.1 Fixed fire extinguishing systems

Type of vesselSpaces and areas to be protected

Cargo ships 500 GT Passenger ships

for all shipsMachinery spaces with internal combustionmachinery used for the main propulsion andmachinery spaces containing oil-fired plants(boilers, incinerators etc.) or oil fuel units CO 2-, high-expansion foam or pressure water spraying system

1, 2

375 kW 375 kWMachinery spaces containing internal combustionengines not used for propelling the ship CO 2-, high-expansion foam or pressure water spraying system 2

375 kW 375 kWMachinery spaces containing steam engines

CO 2-, high-expansion foam or pressure water spraying system 2

Fire hazard areas of category A machinery spacesabove 500 m in volume acc. to L.3. Fixed water-based local application fire fighting systems (FWBLAFFS)

3

Fuel oil purifiers in accordance with B.2.Fixed local fire extinguishing arrangement:

Low-expansion foam-, pressure water spraying- or dry powder system ,

Exhaust gas fired thermal oil heaters acc. to . L.2.2 Pressure water spraying system

Scavenge trunks of two-stroke engines acc. toSection 2, G.6.3 CO 2 system or other equivalent extinguishing system

Paint lockers and flammable liquid lockers acc. toM.1. CO 2-, dry powder extinguishing or pressure water spraying system

2

Deep-fat cooking equipment acc. to M.3. Automatic or manual fire extinguishing system

Accommodation-, service spaces and controlstations, incl. corridors and stairways

Automatic sprinkler system; if less

than 37 passengers, see C.2

Cabin balconies - Pressure water-spraying system 7

Galley range exhaust ducts acc. to M.2. CO 2 system or other equivalent extinguishing system

Incinerator spaces and waste storage spaces Automatic sprinkler system or manually released fire extinguishingsystem, for details refer to N.

Helicopter landing deck acc. to O. Low-expansion foam system

1. Special category spaces 4 on passengerships

Pressure water spraying system

2. For motor vehicles with fuel in theirtanks

for all shipsCO 2- or high-expansion foam system

3. For dangerous goods for all shipsCO 2 fire extinguishing system 5, 6

4. On ro/ro-ships

a) closed

b) open

c) not capable of being sealed

CO 2-, inert gas-, high-expansionfoam- or pressure water sprayingsystem



C a r g o s p a c e s

5. Cargo spaces not included in 1 4 2000 GT 6 CO 2- or inert gas system

1000 GTCO 2-, inert gas- or high-expansion

foam system

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Table 12.1 Fixed fire extinguishing systems (continued)

Type of vesselSpaces and areas to be protected

Cargo ships 500 GT Passenger ships

Cargo area and cargo tanks

Tankers acc. to D.1.4:

Low-expansion foam system andinert gas system

Chemical tankers acc. to Chapter 7,Section 11:

Low-expansion foam, dry powder,pressure water spraying and inertgas system

Ships for the carriage of liquefiedgases acc. to Chapter 6, Section 11:

Pressure water spraying, dry powderand inert gas system

Cargo pump spacesTankers and chemical tankers:

CO 2-, high-expansion foam orpressure water spraying system 2

Cargo pump and compressor roomsShips for the carriage of liquefiedgases:

CO 2- or inert gas system 2

1 Also applies to < 500 GT in the case of ships with class notation AUT.

2 Approved systems using gases other than CO 2 may be applied. Re. I.3 Applies to passenger ships of 500 GT and above and cargo ships of 2000 GT and above.4 Special category spaces are closed vehicle decks on passenger ships to which the passengers have access.5 Pressure water spraying system in Ro/Ro spaces (open or not capable of being sealed) in open top container cargo spaces (re. D.1.5) and

in special category spaces.6 May be dispensed with on request where only coal, ore, grain, unseasoned timber, non-combustible cargoes or cargoes representing a low

fire risk are carried. Reference is made to MSC/Circ.1146.

7 May be dispensed with, if the furniture and furnishings are only of restricted fire risk, see L.4.

Table 12.2 Number and minimum capacity of fire pumps

Passenger ships Cargo ships

4000 GT < 4000 GT 500 GT < 500 GT

Number of power-driven fire pumps

3 2 2 1

Minimum capacity V.

(m3 /h) of one fire pump 1

2 5,1 10 -3 2

Hd 3,8 10 -3

2

Hd 2 7,65 10 -3

2

Hd 5,75 10 -3

2

Hd 3,8 10 -3

2

Hd

1 dH (mm) = theoretical diameter of the bilge main (see Section 11, N. formula 4)2 Applicable to passenger ships with a criterion numeral of 30 or over in accordance with SOLAS 1974 as amended, Chapter II-1,

Part B, Regulation 6.

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Upon installation on board, a performance test is to becarried out to verify the required capacity. As far aspracticable, the test is to be conducted at lightest sea-going draught at the suction position.

1.4.7 The sea suction is to be located as deep aspossible and together with the pump suction and de-livery pipes of the pump to be arranged outside thespaces containing the main fire pumps.

In exceptional cases consent may be given for locatingof short lengths of the suction or delivery pipes in thespaces containing the main fire pumps provided thatthe piping is enclosed in a substantial steel casing.Alternatively to the steel casing the piping may bethick-walled acc. to Section 11., Table 11.20 b, Col-umn B, but not less than 11 mm, all welded and beinsulated equivalent to A-60 standard.

The sea suction may also be located in machineryspaces of category A if otherwise not practicable. Inthis case the suction piping is to be as short as possibleand the valve is to be operable from a position in theimmediate vicinity of the pump.

1.4.8 The sea valve is to be permanently kept openand provided with an appropriate sign (re 1.3.12 ).Alternatively, the sea valve is to be operable from aposition close to the pump, or close to the pump con-trols in the case of remote-controlled pumps.

1.4.9 If the space in which the main fire pumps ortheir power supply are installed is protected by a fixedpressure water spraying system, the emergency firepump is to be designed to meet this additional waterdemand.

1.4.10 The ventilation system of the space in whichthe emergency fire pump is installed is to be so de-signed that smoke cannot be aspirated in the event of afire in the engine room. Forced ventilation is to beconnected to the emergency power supply.

1.4.11 In case of a diesel as power source for the emergency fire pump, it is to be capable of being started by hand cranking down to a temperature of 0 C.

If this is impracticable or if lower temperatures arelikely to be encountered, consideration is to be givento the provision of suitable heating arrangements, e.g.room heating or heating of the cooling water or lubri-cating oil.

If starting by hand-cranking is impracticable an alter-native independent means of power starting is to beprovided. This means is to be such as to enable thediesel to be started at least 6 times within the period of30 min, and at least twice within the first 10 min.

2. Fire mains

2.1 International shore connection

Ships of 500 GT and over are to be provided with atleast one connector through which water can be

pumped from the shore into the ship's fire main. Thedimensions of the shore connection flange is to be asshown in Fig. 12.1.

It has to be possible to use the shore connection oneither side of the ship.

1 9

1 3 21 7 8

6 4

1 4

, 5

Fig. 12.1 International shore connection

2.2 Arrangement of fire mains

2.2.1 On ships for which an emergency fire pumpis specified or on which fire pumps are installed inseparate compartments, it is to be possible by meansof shutoff valves to isolate the sections of the firemain within category A machinery spaces 9 where themain fire pumps are located from the rest of the firemain. The shutoff valves are to be located in a readilyaccessible position outside the category A machineryspaces.

With the shutoff valves closed, it is to be possible tosupply all the hydrants located outside the machineryspace where the main fire pumps are located from apump which is not sited in this space. Piping in theengine room may not normally be used for this pur-pose. However, in exceptional cases short sections ofpiping may be laid in the machinery space providedthat the integrity is maintained by the enclosure of thepiping in a substantial steel casing.

Alternatively to the steel casing the piping may bethickwalled acc. to Section 11., Table 11.20 b, ColumnB, but not less than 11 mm, all welded and be insu-lated equivalent to A-60 standard.

2.2.2 On passenger ships of 4000 GT and over, thefire main must be constructed as a ring systemequipped with appropriately located isolating valves.

2.2.3 Fire mains are to be provided with drainvalves or cocks.

2.2.4 Branch pipes from the fire mains for hawseflushing are to be capable of being shut off in thevicinity of the main fire pump(s) or from the open

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deck. Other branch pipes not serving fire fightingpurposes and which are used only occasionally may beaccepted if capable of being shut off from a locationclose to the main fire pumps or from the open deck.The shut off devices are to be fitted with warning

signs instructing personnel to close them after use.

2.2.5 On tankers, the fire main is to be fitted withisolating valves in a protected position at the poopfront and on the tank deck at intervals of not morethan 40 m.

2.2.6 In piping sections where the possibility offreezing exists during operation of the ship in coldclimates, suitable provisions are to be made for con-tinuously pressurized pipelines.

2.3 Fire main design

2.3.1 The following formula should be used asguidance for the sizing of the fire main:

dF = 0,8 dH

dF = internal diameter of fire main

dH = theoretical diameter of main bilge pipe inaccordance with Section 11, N.2.

dFmin = 50 mm

For pipe thicknesses see Section 11, Table 11.5 (Sea-water lines).

2.3.2 On passenger ships the diameter d F need notexceed d Fmax = 175 mm, on cargo ships d Fmax = 130mm respectively.

2.3.3 The entire fire main is to be designed for themaximum permissible working pressure of the firepumps subject to a minimum working pressure of 10bar.

2.3.4 At no point in the ship the discharge pressureat the nozzles is to be less than the values shown inTable 12.3 when water is drawn simultaneously fromany two adjacent hydrants. On liquefied gas tankersthis requirement is to be met at a minimum pressure atthe nozzles of 0,50 N/mm 2 (refer to Rules of Chapter 6 Liquefied Gas Tankers, Section 11, Paragraph11.2.1 ).

Table 12.3 Pressure at nozzles

Type of vessel GTPressure at

nozzle[N/mm 2]

Cargo ships< 6000 6000

0,250,27

Passenger ships< 4000 4000

0,300,40

2.4 Hydrants

2.4.1 Hydrants are to be so positioned that waterfrom two nozzles simultaneously, one of which is tobe from a single length of hose, may reach

any part of the ship to which passengers andcrew normally have access during the voyage;

any part of an empty cargo space

In ro-ro spaces or vehicle spaces it has to be possibleto reach any part with water from two nozzles simul-taneously, each from a single length of hose.

In passenger ships any part of accommodation, serviceand machinery spaces are to be capable of beingreached with water from at least two nozzles, one ofwhich is to be from a single length of hose, when allwatertight doors and all doors in main vertical zonebulkheads are closed.

2.4.2 Deck hydrants are to be arranged such thatthey remain accessible when carrying deck cargo.Hydrants are to be located near the accesses to spaces.In the case of cargo spaces for the transport of danger-ous goods, the additional requirements of P. are to beobserved.

2.4.3 Hydrants in machinery spaces and boilerrooms:

The number and position of the hydrants are to be inaccordance with 2.4.1. On ships of less than 500 GT asingle hydrant is sufficient. Hydrants are to be sited ateasily accessible points above the floor plates on eachside of the ship. One of the hydrants is to be located atthe lower emergency escape.

2.4.4 Passenger ships are to be additionallyequipped with two hydrants in a space adjoining thelower level of the machinery space where this space ispart of the escape route (e.g. the shaft tunnel).

2.5 Fire hoses

2.5.1 Fire hoses are to be made of a non-decom-posing material.

2.5.2 Fire hoses are to have a length of at least10 m, but not more than

15 m in machinery spaces

20 m in other spaces and open decks

25 m for open decks on ships with a maximumbreadth in excess of 30 m

Every hose is to be provided with quick-acting cou-plings of an approved type 12 , a nozzle and a couplingspanner. Fire hoses are to be stowed with nozzles

12 On ships under the German flag, only Storz 52 mm C type

couplings are permitted for all specified hydrants. Storz 75 mmB type couplings may be used only in special cases.

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attached in readily accessible positions close to thehydrants.

2.5.3 On passenger ships, a fire hose with nozzle isto be provided for each hydrant required.

On ships carrying more than 36 passengers, the hosesof hydrants located within the superstructure are to bekept permanently coupled to the hydrant.

2.5.4 Cargo ships of 1000 GT and over are to beequipped with a fire hose with nozzle for every 30 mof the ship's length and with one additional hose, butat least five hoses altogether. This figure does notinclude the hoses specified for machinery spaces andboiler rooms .

2.5.5 Cargo ships of 500 to 1000 GT are to beequipped with a number of hoses appropriate to localconditions.

2.5.6 Cargo ships of less than 500 GT are to beequipped with at least three fire hoses.

2.5.7 Ships for the transport of dangerous goodsaccording to P. are to be equipped with 3 additionalhoses and nozzles.

2.6 Nozzles

2.6.1 Only dual purpose spray/jet nozzles with ashutoff are to be provided 13 .

2.6.2 The nozzle sizes are to be 12, 16 and 19 mmor as near thereto as possible.

In accommodation and service spaces, a nozzle size of12 mm is sufficient.

For machinery spaces and exterior locations, the noz-zle size is to be such as to obtain the maximum dis-charge possible from two nozzles at the stipulatedpressure from the smallest available fire pump; how-ever, a nozzle size greater than 19 mm need not beused.

F. Portable and Mobile Fire Extinguishers,Portable Foam Applicators and Water FogApplicators

1. Extinguishing media and weights of charge

1.1 The extinguishing medium for fire extin-guishers is to be suitable for the potential fire classes,see Table 12.4.

13 Ships under the German flag are to be exclusively equipped

with dual purpose nozzles fitted with shutoff and safety spraydevices.

Toxic extinguishing media and extinguishing medialiable to generate toxic gases may not be used.

CO 2 fire extinguishers may not be located in accom-modation areas and water fire extinguishers not inmachinery spaces.

1.2 Fire extinguishers are to be approved in ac-cordance with a recognised standard.

For the use in areas with electrical equipment operat-ing at voltages > 1 kV the suitability is to be proven.

1.3 The charge in portable dry powder and gasextinguishers shall be at least 5 kg and the content offoam and water extinguishers 14 is not to be less than9 litres.

The total weight of a portable fire extinguisher readyfor use is not to exceed 23 kg.

Table 12.4 Classification of extinguishing media

Fireclass

Fire hazardExtinguishing

media

A Solid combustible ma-terials of organic na-ture (e.g. wood, coal,fibre materials, rubberand many plastics)

Water, dry pow-der/dry chemical,foam

B Flammable liquids(e.g. oils, tars, petrol,

greases and oil-basedpaints)

Dry powder/drychemical, foam,

carbon dioxide

C Flammable gases (e.g.acetylene, propane)

Dry powder/drychemical

D Combustible metals(e.g. magnesium,sodium, titanium andlithium)

Special dry pow-der or dry chemi-cal (metal)

F (K) Cooking oils, greasesor fats

Wet chemicalsolution

Electrical equipment Carbon dioxide,

dry powder/drychemical

1.4 Mobile extinguisher units are to be designedfor a standard dry powder charge of 50 kg or for afoam solution content of 45 or 136 litres.

It is recommended that only dry powder extinguishersbe used.

1.5 For fire extinguishers, capable of being re-charged on board, spare charges are to be provided:

14 Water fire extinguishers are not permitted on ships flying the

German flag.

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100 % for the first 10 extinguishers of each type

50 % for the remaining extinguishers of each type,but not more than 60 (fractions to be rounded off)

1.6 For fire extinguishers which cannot be re-charged on board, additional portable fire extinguish-ers of same type and capacity are to be provided. Thenumber is to be determined as per 1.5.

1.7 Portable foam applicators

1.7.1 A portable foam applicator unit has to consistof a foam nozzle/branch pipe, either of a self-inducingtype or in combination with a separate inductor, capa-ble of being connected to the fire main by a fire hose,together with two portable tanks each containing atleast 20 litres approved foam concentrate 15 .

1.7.2 The nozzle/branch pipe and inductor has tobe capable of producing effective foam suitable forextinguishing an oil fire, at a foam solution flow rateof at least 200 litres/min at the nominal pressure in thefire main.

2. Number and location

2.1 General

2.1.1 One of the portable fire extinguishers is to belocated at the access to the individual space it is des-ignated for.

2.1.2 If the portable fire extinguishers are not suit-able for fire-fighting in electrical installations, addi-tional extinguishers are to be provided for this pur-pose. Fire extinguishers are to be marked with themaximum permissible voltage and with the minimumdistance to be maintained when in use.

2.2 Passenger and crew spaces

2.2.1 The decks of passenger ships to which thepassengers and crew normally have access during thevoyage are to be equipped with fire extinguisherslocated not more than 20 m apart. At least one port-

able fire extinguisher is to be provided on each deckand in each main vertical zone.

2.2.2 2.2.1 is applicable correspondingly to cargoships of 1000 GT and over, with the provision that atleast 5 fire extinguishers are to be provided in theaccommodation spaces.

2.3 Machinery spaces

Machinery spaces are to be provided, depending ontheir purpose, with portable fire extinguishers, mobilefire extinguishers, portable air foam applicator unitsand water fog applicators as described hereinafter.

15 Refer to IMO MSC/Circ.582/Corr.1

2.3.1 Machinery spaces of category A 9 contain-ing internal combustion machinery

The following is to be provided:

portable fire extinguishers which are to be solocated that no point in the space is more than10 m walking distance from an extinguisher

mobile fire extinguishers of 50 kg dry powder or45 litres foam which are to be so located that theextinguishant can be directed onto any part ofthe fuel and lubricating oil pressure systems,gearing and other fire hazards

at least one portable foam applicator unit

2.3.2 Machinery spaces of category A 9 contain-ing oil fired boilers

At least is to be provided:

two portable fire extinguishers in each firingspace in each boiler room and in each space inwhich part of the fuel oil installation is situated

two mobile 50 kg dry powder- or one mobile135 litres foam extinguisher in each boiler room.The extinguishers are to be provided with hoseson reels suitable for reaching any part of theboiler room. In case of domestic boilers of lessthan 175 kW one portable extinguisher will besufficient.

a receptacle containing at least 0,1 m3

of sand orsawdust impregnated with soda or one addi-tional portable extinguisher alternatively

at least one portable foam applicator unit

2.3.3 Machinery spaces of category A 9 contain-ing oil fuel units

At least two portable fire extinguishers are to be pro-vided.

2.3.4 Machinery spaces containing steam tur-bines or enclosed steam engines

In spaces containing steam turbines or enclosed steamengines having in the aggregate a total output of375 kW and over used for main propulsion or otherpurposes the following is to be provided:

portable fire extinguishers which are to be solocated that no point in the space is more than10 m walking distance away from an extin-guisher.

mobile fire extinguishers of 50 kg dry powder or45 litres foam which are to be so located that theextinguishant can be directed onto any part ofthe fuel and lubrication oil pressure system,gearing and any other fire hazard. This require-ment is not applicable where the space is pro-tected by a fixed fire extinguishing system inaccordance with Table 12.1

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2.3.5 Machinery spaces of category A 9 in pas-senger ships

In addition to the fire fighting equipment specified in2.3.1 - 2.3.4, machinery spaces of category A in pas-senger ships carrying more than 36 passengers are tobe provided with at least two water fog applicators.

2.3.6 Other machinery spaces 16

In machinery spaces other than category A portablefire extinguishers are to be so located that no point inthe space is more than 10 m walking distance awayfrom an extinguisher.

For small spaces without particular fire hazard it issufficient if a fire extinguisher is available withinreach at the access.

2.3.7 On ships of less than 500 GT, the machinery

spaces referred to in 2.3.1 to 2.3.5 need not beequipped with a mobile fire extinguisher and a port-able foam applicator unit, unless a fixed fire extin-guishing system is not provided in such spaces.

2.4 Cargo pump rooms and gas compressorrooms

Each space containing cargo pumps or gas compres-sors is to be equipped with at least two portable fireextinguishers for extinguishing oil or gas fires 17 .

2.5 Other spaces and motor lifeboats

Paint lockers, flammable liquid lockers, radio rooms,galleys and motor lifeboats are each to be equippedwith one portable fire extinguisher. In motor lifeboats,2 kg portable extinguishers will be accepted 18.

2.6 Cargo spaces for motor vehicles with fuelin their tanks

Portable extinguishers suitable for extinguishing oilfires are to be located on both sides of the cargo spacenot more than 20 m apart . One such fire extinguisheris to be located at each entrance to these spaces.

2.7 Special category spaces on passenger shipsand ro/ro spaces

These spaces are to be equipped with portable fireextinguishers in accordance with 2.6. In addition, eachspace is to be provided with one portable foam appli-cator unit and three water fog applicators. A total of atleast two portable foam applicators is to be available.

2.8 Cargo spaces for dangerous goods

P. is applicable.

16 For definition see Chapter 1 Hull Structures, Section 22, D.

4.6 [7] (in the scope of this Section applicable to all ships)17 On ships under the German flag, pump rooms are to be addi-tionally equipped with one 12 kg dry powder extinguisher.

18 Motor lifeboats on ships under the German flag are to beequipped with 6 kg dry powder extinguishers.

G. High-Pressure CO 2 Fire ExtinguishingSystems

1. Calculation of the necessary quantity ofCO 2

The calculation of the necessary quantity of CO 2 is tobe based on a gas volume of 0,56 m 3 per kg of CO 2

If two or more individually floodable spaces are con-nected to the CO 2 system, the total CO 2 quantityavailable need not be more than the largest quantityrequired for one of these spaces.

1.1 Machinery, boiler and cargo pump spaces

1.1.1 The quantity of gas available for spaces con-taining internal combustion machinery, oil-fired boil-ers or other oil-fired equipment, for purifier spaces

according to B. 2.1 and for cargo pump rooms is to besufficient to give a minimum volume of free gas equalto the larger of the following:

40 % of the gross volume of the largest spaceincluding the casing up to the level at which thehorizontal area of the casing is less than 40 % ofthe horizontal area of the space concerned takenmidway between the tank top and the lowestpart of the casing,

35 % of the gross volume of the largest spaceincluding the casing.

1.1.2 For cargo ships of less than 2000 GT, thepercentage specified in 1.1.1 may be reduced to 35 %and 30 % respectively .

1.1.3 For cargo pump spaces on chemical tankersand for compressor and cargo pump spaces on lique-fied gas tankers, the volume of free gas available is tobe calculated according to 45 % of the gross volumeof the space.

1.1.4 For machinery spaces without casing (e.g.incinerator or inert gas generator spaces) the volumeof free gas available is to be calculated according to35 % of the gross volume of the space.

1.1.5 Where two or more spaces containing boilersor internal combustion machinery are not entirelyseparated, they are to be considered as a single spacefor the purpose of determining the quantity of CO 2 required.

1.1.6 The volume of starting air receivers, con-verted to free air volume, is to be added to the grossvolume of the machinery space when calculating thenecessary quantity of extinguishing medium. Alterna-tively, a discharge pipe, led from the safety valves tothe open air, may be fitted.

1.2 Cargo spaces

1.2.1 In cargo spaces, the quantity of CO 2 availablemust be sufficient to fill at least 30 % of the gross

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volume of the largest cargo space which is capable ofbeing sealed. Calculation of the gross volume is to bebased on the distance from the double bottom (tanktop) to the weather deck including the hatchway andthe vertical boundaries of the cargo space concerned.

1.2.2 If a container cargo hold is fitted with partial-ly weathertight hatchway covers the quantity of CO 2 for the cargo space is to be increased in accordancewith one of the following formulae, as appropriate:

INC

2 30% TB

CO 60 A2

=

INC

2 45% TB

CO 4 A2

=

INC

%302CO

= increase of CO 2 quantity for cargo

spaces not intended for carriage ofmotor vehicles with fuel in their tanksfor their own propulsion [kg]

INC

%452CO

= increase of CO 2 quantity for cargospaces intended for carriage of motorvehicles with fuel in their tanks fortheir own propulsion [kg]

AT = total maximum area of design-relatedgaps at the hatch covers [m 2]

B = breadth of cargo space protected bythe CO 2 system[m]

The non-weathertight gaps is not to exceed 50 mm..

1.2.3 In the case of cargo spaces in ships carryingonly coal, ore, grain, unseasoned timber, non-combustible cargo or cargo representing a low firerisk, application may be made to the national authori-ties for exemption from this requirement.

1.2.4 For the cargo spaces of ships intended for thetransport of motor vehicles with filled fuel tanks andfor closed ro/ro spaces, the available quantity of CO 2 is to be sufficient to fill at least 45 % of the grossvolume of the largest enclosed cargo space.

1.2.5 It is recommended that mail rooms, spacesfor bonded stores and baggage rooms be connected tothe CO 2 fire extinguishing system.

1.2.6 Where cargo spaces connected to a CO 2 sys-tem are temporarily used as spaces for the transport ofpassengers or as cargo tanks, means are to be providedfor sealing off the relevant connecting lines duringsuch periods by the use of spectacle flanges.

1.3 Protection of spaces against over-/ under-pressure

It is to be safeguarded that flooding of a space withCO 2 cannot cause an unacceptable over- or underpres-sure in the space concerned. If necessary, suitablemeans of pressure relief are to be provided.

2. CO 2 cylinders

2.1 Design and equipment

2.1.1 In respect of their material, manufacture, typeand testing, CO 2 cylinders must comply with the re-quirements of Section 8, G .

2.1.2 CO 2 cylinders may normally only be filledwith liquid CO 2 in a ratio of 2 kg CO 2 to every 3 litresof cylinder capacity. Subject to the shipping routeconcerned, special consideration may be given to a higher filling ratio (3 kg CO 2 to every 4 litres capacity).

2.1.3 Cylinders intended for flooding boiler rooms,machinery spaces as well as cargo pump and compres-sor rooms are to be equipped with quick-openingvalves for group release enabling these spaces to be

flooded with 85 % of the required gas volume withintwo minutes. Cylinders intended for the flooding ofcargo spaces need only be fitted with individual re-lease valves.

For cargo spaces for the carriage of motor vehicleswith fuel in their tanks and for ro/ro spaces CO 2 cylin-ders with quick-opening valves suitable for grouprelease are to be provided for flooding of these spaceswithin 10 minutes with 2/3 of the prescribed quantityof CO 2.

2.1.4 Cylinder valves are to be approved by a rec-ognised institution and be fitted with an overpressure

relief device 19 .

2.1.5 Siphons are to be securely connected to thecylinder valve.

2.2 Disposition

2.2.1 CO 2 cylinders are to be stored in specialspaces, securely anchored and connected to a mani-fold. Check valves are to be fitted between individualcylinders and the manifold.

If hoses are used to connect the cylinders to the mani-fold, they are to be type approved.

2.2.2 At least the cylinders intended for the quickflooding of boiler rooms and machinery spaces are tobe grouped together in one room.

2.2.3 The cylinders for CO 2 fire extinguishingsystems for scavenge trunks and for similar purposesmay be stored in the machinery space on conditionthat an evidence by calculation is provided provingthat the concentration of the free CO 2 gas (in case ofleakages at all cylinders provided) relative to the netvolume of the engine room does not exceed 4 %.

19 For ships flying the German flag, type approval of the entire

CO 2 system is required.

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3. Rooms for CO 2 cylinders

3.1 Rooms for CO 2 cylinders may not be locatedforward of the collision bulkhead and are to, whereverpossible, be situated on the open deck. Access is to be

possible from the open deck. CO 2 cylinder roomsbelow the open deck are to have a stairway or ladderleading directly to the open deck. The CO 2 cylinderroom is not to be located more than one deck belowthe open deck. Direct connections via doors or otheropenings between cylinder rooms and machineryspaces or accommodation spaces below the open deckare not permitted. In addition to the cabins themselves,other spaces provided for use by passengers and crewsuch as sanitary spaces, public spaces, stair wells andcorridors are also considered to form part of the ac-commodation space.

The size of the cylinder room and the arrangement of

the cylinders are to be conducive to efficient operation.Means are to be provided for

conveying cylinders to the open deck, and

the crew to safely check the quantity of CO 2 inthe cylinders, independent of the ambient tem-peratures. These means are to be so arrangedthat it is not necessary to move the cylinderscompletely from their fixing position. This isachieved, for instance, by providing hangingbars above each bottle row for a weighing de-vice or by using suitable surface indicators.

Cylinder rooms are to be lockable. The doors of cylin-der rooms are to open outwards.

Bulkheads and decks including doors and other meansof closing any opening therein which form theboundaries between CO 2 storage rooms and adjacentenclosed spaces are to be gas tight.

Cylinder rooms are to be exclusively used for installa-tion of CO 2 cylinders and associated system compo-nents.

3.2 Cylinder rooms are to be protected or insu-lated against heat and solar radiation in such a waythat the room temperature does not exceed 45 C. Theboundaries of the cylinder room is to conform to theinsulation values prescribed for control stations(Chapter 1 Hull Structures, Section 22 ).

Cylinder rooms are to be fitted with thermometers forchecking the room temperature.

3.3 Cylinder rooms are to be provided with ade-quate ventilation. Spaces which are located belowdeck are to be fitted with mechanical ventilation at notless than 6 air changes per hour. The exhaust duct is to be led to the bottom of the space. Other spaces maynot be connected to this ventilation system.

3.4 Cylinder rooms are to be adequately heated ifduring the ship's service the nominal room tempera-ture of 20 C cannot be maintained at the ambientconditions.

3.5 Where it is necessary for the crew to passCO 2 protected cargo hold(s) to reach the cylinderroom, e.g. if the cylinder room is located forward ofCO 2 protected cargo hold(s) and the accommodationblock is arranged in the aft area of the ship, remote

release controls are to be placed in the accommodationarea in order to facilitate their ready accessibility bythe crew. The remote release controls and release linesare to be of robust construction or so protected as toremain operable in case of fire in the protected spaces.The capability to release different quantities of CO 2 into different cargo holds has to be included in theremote release arrangement.

4. Piping

4.1 Piping is to be made of weldable materials in accordance with II Materials and Welding, Part 1

Metallic Materials, Chapter 2 Steel and Iron Materials .

4.2 The manifold from the cylinders up to andincluding the distribution valves are to be designed fora nominal working pressure of PN 100.

Material certificates are to be provided acc. to therequirements for pipe class I (see Section 11 ). Manu-facturers' Inspection Certificates may be accepted asequivalent provided that by means of the pipe marking(name of pipe manufacturers, heat number, test mark)unambiguous reference to the Certificate can be estab-lished. The requirements regarding remarking are tobe observed when processing the pipes.

4.3 Pipework between distribution valves and nozz-les is to be designed for a nominal working pressure of PN 40. However, for the purpose of material certifica-tion this piping may be considered in pipe class III.

4.4 All pipework is to be protected against exter-nal corrosion. Distribution lines serving spaces otherthan machinery spaces are to be galvanised internally.

4.5 Wherever possible, welded pipe connectionsare to be used for CO 2 systems. For detachable con-nections which cannot be avoided and for valves andfittings, flanged joints are to be used. For pipes with anominal bore of less than 50 mm, welded compressiontype couplings may be used.

Threaded joints may be used only inside CO 2 pro-tected spaces.

4.6 Bends or suitable compensators are to be pro-vided to accommodate the thermal expansion of thepipelines.

Hoses for connecting the CO 2 cylinders to the mani-fold are to be type approved and hose lines are to befabricated by manufacturers approved by GL, see Sec-tion 11, U .

4.7 Distribution piping for quick-flooding is to be designed such that icing due to expansion of the extin-guishing gas cannot occur. Reference values are shown

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in Table 12.5. System flow calculations are to be per-formed using a recognized calculation technique (e.g. NFPA calculation program).

4.8 The minimum nominal bore of flooding lines

and of their branches to nozzles in cargo holds is 20mm; that of the nozzle connections 15 mm.

The minimum pipe thicknesses are shown in Table 12.6.

4.9 A compressed air connection with a non-return valve and a shutoff valve is to be fitted at asuitable point. The compressed air connection is to beof sufficient size to ensure that, when air is blownthrough the system at a pressure of 5 to 7 bar, it ispossible to check the outflow of air from all nozzles.

4.10 CO 2 pipes may pass through accommodation spaces providing that they are thick-walled acc. to Sec-

tion 11, Table 11.6 , Group D (for pipes with an outer

diameter of less than 38 mm, the minimum wall thick-ness is to be 5,0 mm), joined only by welding and not fitted with drains or other openings within such spaces.

CO 2 pipes may not be led through refrigerated spaces.

4.11 In piping sections where valve arrangementsintroduce sections of closed piping (e.g. manifoldswith distribution valves), such sections are to be fittedwith a pressure relief valve and the outlet of the valveis to be led to the open deck.

4.12 CO 2 pipes also used as smoke sampling pipesare to be self-draining.

4.13 CO 2 pipes passing through ballast water tanksare to be joined only by welding and be thick-walledacc. to Section 11, Table 11.6 , Group D (for pipeswith an outer diameter of less than 38 mm, the mini-

mum wall thickness is to be 5,0 mm).

Table 12.5 Design of quick-flooding lines

Nominal diameter DNWeight of CO 2 for

machinery and boiler spacesWeight of CO 2 for

cargo holds for motor vehicles[mm] [inches] [kg] [kg]

15 45 40020 100 80025 1 135 120032 1 275 2500

40 1 450 370050 2 1100 720065 2 1500 1150080 3 2000 2000090 3 3250

100 4 4750110 4 6810125 5 9500150 6 15250

Table 12.6 Minimum steel pipe thicknesses for CO 2 d a

[mm]

From cylinders todistribution valves

s [mm]

From distribution valvesto nozzles

s [mm]

21,3 26,9 3,2 2,630,0 48,3 4,0 3,251,0 60,3 4,5 3,663,5 76,1 5,0 3,682,5 88,9 5,6 4,0

101,6 6,3 4,0108,0 114,3 7,1 4,5127,0 8,0 4,5133,0 139,7 8,0 5,0152,4 168,3 8,8 5,6

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5. Release devices

5.1 Release of the system is to be actuated manu-ally. Automatic actuation is not acceptable.

5.2 Release of the CO 2 cylinders, whether indi-vidually or in groups, and opening of the distributionvalve are to be actuated independently of each other.For spaces, for which CO 2 cylinders with quick-opening valves for group release are required (refer toG.2.1.3 ), two separate controls are to be provided forreleasing CO 2 into the protected space. One control isto be used for opening the distribution valve of thepiping which conveys CO 2 into the protected spaceand a second control is to be used to discharge CO 2 from its storage cylinders. Positive means are to beprovided so that these controls can only be operated inthat order.

5.3 Remotely operated cylinder actuating devicesand distribution valves are to be capable of local man-ual operation.

5.4 The controls for flooding of machineryspaces, closed ro/ro spaces, paint lockers and the likeand of cargo pump and compressor spaces are to bereadily accessible, simple to operate and be locatedclose to one of the entrances outside the space to beprotected in a lockable case (release box). A separaterelease box is to be provided for each space which canbe flooded separately, the space to which it relates

being clearly indicated.The emergency release from the CO 2 room has toensure the group release of the CO 2 cylinders forspaces requiring quick-flooding release (see G.2.1.3 ).

Small spaces located in close vicinity of the CO 2 room, e.g. paint store, may be flooded from the CO 2 room, in which case a separate release box may bedispensed with.

5.5 The key for the release box is to be kept in aclearly visible position next to the release box in alocked case with a glass panel.

5.6 A distribution valve (normally closed) is tobe located in every flooding line outside the space tobe protected in a readily accessible position. If theprotection of a small space (e.g. galley range exhaustduct) requires only one cylinder with a maximumcontent of 6 kg CO 2, an additional shutoff downstreamof the cylinder valve may be omitted.

5.7 Distribution valves are to be protected againstunauthorised and unintentional actuation and fittedwith signs indicating the space to which the associatedCO 2 lines lead.

5.8 Distribution valves are to be made of a sea-water-resistant material. The valve position 'open' or'closed' is to be visible.

6. CO 2 discharge nozzles

6.1 The number and arrangement of the nozzlesprovided is to ensure an even distribution of the CO 2.

6.2 Boiler rooms and machinery spacesThe nozzles are to be arranged preferably in the lowerpart of the machinery space and in the bilges, takinginto account the room configuration. At least eightnozzles are to be provided, not less than two of whichare to be located in the bilges.

Nozzles are to be provided in the engine- or funnelcasing, if equipment of increased fire risk is arrangedthere, e.g. oil fired equipment or components of thethermal oil plant.

The number of nozzles may be reduced for smallmachinery spaces.

6.3 Cargo spaces

Nozzles are to be sited in the upper part of the space.

When the CO 2 system is connected with a sampleextraction smoke detection system, not more than fournozzles may be connected to a flooding line and thenozzles are to be so arranged that no part of the over-head deck area is more than 12 m horizontally awayfrom a nozzle.

Separate flooding lines with pertinent distributionvalves are to be provided for upper and lower cargo

holds.

7. Alarm systems

7.1 For machinery spaces, boiler, cargo pumprooms and similar spaces acoustic alarms of horn orsiren sound and visual alarms are to be providedwhich are to be independent of the discharge of CO 2.The audible warning is to be located so as to be audi-ble throughout the protected space with all machineryoperating and is to be clearly distinguishable from allother alarm signals by adjustment of sound pressure orsound patterns.

The pre-discharge alarms are to be automatically actu-ated a suitable time before flooding occurs. As ade-quate is be considered the period of time necessary toevacuate the space to be flooded but not less than 20 s.The system is to be designed such that flooding is notpossible before this period of time has elapsed.

Opening the door of the release station has to trip theCO 2 alarm in the protected space.

The alarm has to continue to sound as long as theflooding valves are open.

7.2 Where adjoining and interconnecting spaces(e.g. machinery space, purifier room, machinery con-trol room) have separate flooding systems, any dangerto persons is to be excluded by suitable alarms in theadjoining spaces.

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7.3 Alarm systems are also to be provided in ro-ro cargo spaces, spaces for the transport of reefercontainers and spaces to which personnel normallyhave access. In conventional cargo spaces and smallspaces, e.g. small compressor rooms, paint stores, etc.,

alarms may be dispensed with.

7.4 The power supply to electrical alarm systemshas to be guaranteed in the event of failure of theship's main power supply.

7.5 If the alarm is operated pneumatically, apermanent supply of compressed air for the alarmsystem is to be ensured.

7.6 Alarm systems for the cargo area of tankers,see Chapter 3 Electrical Installations, Section 15 .

8. General arrangement planIn the wheelhouse and in the CO 2 rooms arrangementplans are to be displayed showing the disposition ofthe entire CO 2 system. The plan shall also indicatehow many cylinders are to be released to extinguishfires in individual spaces.

Clear operating instructions are to be posted at allrelease stations.

9. Warning signs

9.1 For CO 2 systems the following signs are to bedisplayed:

9.1.1 At the release stations:

"Do not operate release until personnel has left thespace, the ventilation has been shut off and the spacehas been sealed."

9.1.2 At the distribution stations and in the CO 2 room:

"Before flooding with CO 2 shut off ventilation andclose air intakes. Open distribution valves first, thenthe cylinder valves!"

9.1.3 In the CO 2 room and at entrances to spaceswhich can be flooded:

"WARNING!"

"In case of alarm or release of CO 2, leave the spaceimmediately (danger of suffocation).

The space may be re-entered only after thorough ven-tilating and checking of the atmosphere."

9.1.4 In the CO 2 cylinder room:

"This space is to be used only for the storage of CO 2 cylinders for the fire extinguishing system. The tem-perature of the space is to be monitored."

9.1.5 At the release station for the CO 2 system forthe cargo pump and gas compressor rooms of tank

ships carrying flammable materials, the warning signis to bear the additional instruction:

"Release device to be operated only after outbreak offire in ......... space".

10. Testing

10.1 After installation, the piping is to be sub- jected to hydraulic pressure tests in the presence of aGL Surveyor by using following test pressures:

piping between cylinders and distribution valves tobe tested at 150 bar

piping passing through accommodation spaces tobe tested at 50 bar

all other piping to be tested at 10 bar

The hydrostatic test may also be carried out prior to

installation on board in the case of piping which ismanufactured complete and equipped with all fittings.Joints welded on board have to undergo a hydrostatictest at the appropriate pressure.

Where water cannot be used as the test medium andthe piping cannot be dried prior to putting the systeminto service, proposals for alternative test media or testprocedures are to be submitted to GL for approval.

10.2 After assembly on board, a tightness test is tobe performed using air or other suitable media. Theselected pressure depends on the method of leak de-tection used.

10.3 All piping is to be checked for free passage.

10.4 A functional test of the alarm equipment is tobe carried out.

H. Low-Pressure CO 2 Fire ExtinguishingSystems

1. Calculation of the necessary quantity ofCO 2

Calculation of the necessary quantity of CO 2 is subjectto the provisions set out in G.1 .

2. CO