Autonomous Emergency braking

system

Presented By,GIRISH CHANDRA MALLULA (ID#3051516)VENKATA SRUTHI LAVANYA THENNETI (ID#3062036)NAGESWARA RAO GUGGILLA (ID#3053020)SRIVATSAV SAGARI (ID#3052933)

Functions of AEBS

State 1 : Collision is not probable (normal driving)Any alerts are deactivated

State 2 : Collision is probable if no action is takenThe AEBS activates a visual alert

State 3 : Collision is imminentThe activates a visual alert and vibrates the steering wheelActivate Braking control system

Direct Path Adjacent path

System Diagram

Process of working AEBS Stage 1 :

• Audible warning and a visual ‘BRAKE’ warning on the dash display(‘normal avoidance’ or ‘normal cruising’)• Approximately three seconds time to collision• Brake assist will not be activated (accident may be avoided with a normal brake application)

Stage 2 :• Applies light braking and the driver's seatbelt pre-tensioner is activated by an electric motor (providing

the driver with a tactile warning)• Audible and visual warnings are also repeated• Secondary warning is given at approximately two seconds time to collision• Brake assist activation parameters are altered such that it is easily activated to provide maximum

deceleration Stage 3 :

• Collision is unavoidable( when the system judges that a collision is unavoidable)• Typically one seconds before impact • E-pretensioner retracts the seatbelt with enough force to compensate for seatbelt slack or baggy clothing• ABES also activates the brakes forcefully to further reduce the speed of impact and applying a strong

brake

Anti-lock braking systemsPrinciple,

By keeping the wheels from skidding while you slow down, anti-lock brakes benefit you in two ways: You'll stop faster, and you'll be able to steer while you stop.Components:Speed Sensors

provide this information wheel rotation. Valves

brake line of each brake controlled by the ABS position one, pressure from the master cylinder is passed right through

to the brake. position two, isolating that brake from the master cylinder. This prevents

the pressure from rising further should the driver push the brake pedal harder.

position three, releases some of the pressure from the brake.Pump

when a valve reduces the pressure in a line, the pump is there to get the pressure back up. Cont..

Anti-lock braking systemsController

controller is a computer in the car. It watches the speed sensors and controls the valves.Anti-Lock Brake Types

Four-channel, four-sensor ABSThere is a speed sensor on all four wheels and a separate valve for all four wheelsThree-channel, three-sensor ABSCommonly found on pickup trucks with four-wheel ABS, has a speed sensor and a valve for each of the front wheels, with one valve and one sensor for both rear wheels. The speed sensor for the rear wheels is located in the rear axle.This sys tem provides individual control of the front wheels, so they can both achieve maximum braking force. The rear wheels, however, are monitored together.One-channel, one-sensor ABSCommonly found on pickup trucks with rear-wheel ABS. It has one valve, which controls both rear wheels, and one speed sensor, located in the rear axle.This system operates the same as the rear end of a three-channel system. The rear wheels are monitored together and they both have to start to lock up before the ABS kicks in. In this system it is also possible that one of the rear wheels will lock, reducing brake effectiveness.

Common types of proximity sensors Camera employing image recognitionImage recognition is the process of identifying and detecting an object or a feature in a digital image or video.

Image recognition algorithms include:Optical character recognitionPattern and gradient matchingFace recognitionLicense plate matchingScene change detection

LIDARremote sensing technology that measures distance by illuminating a target with a laser and analyzing the reflected light

Radarobject-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects

GPS:-

• The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions

• anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites.

• The United States government created the system, maintains it, and makes it freely accessible to anyone with a GPS receiver.

HMI:-• The user interface, in the industrial design field of human–machine

interaction, is the space where interactions between humans and machines occur.

• The goal of this interaction is to allow effective operation and control of the machine from the human end.

• The design considerations applicable when creating user interfaces are related to or involve such disciplines as ergonomics and psychology.

BRAKE CONTROLLER:-

A brake controller is designed to activate the vehicle electric brakes along with the tow vehicle's applied brakes to stop both as proportionately as possible.

There are Three styles of brake controllers

Time Delayed, Inertia Activated Proportional

ACCUMULATOR:-

A hydraulic accumulator is a device in which potential energy is stored in the form of a compressed gas or spring, or by a raised weight to be used to exert a force against a relatively incompressible fluid.

There are four principal types of accumulators:

FUNCTIONS:-Stores EnergyAbsorbs PulsationsCushions Operating ShockSupplements Pump DeliveryMaintains PressureDispenses

TEST ANALYSIS:-TEST SCENARIOS:-

CAR-TO-CAR REAR STATIONARY:-

CAR-TO-CAR REAR MOVING:-

CAR-TO-CAR REAR BRAKING:-

Electronic stability control (ESC), also referred to as electronic stability program (ESP) or dynamic stability control (DSC), is a computerized technology [1][2]

 that improves a vehicle's stability by detecting and reducing loss of traction (skidding).[3] When ESC detects loss of steering control, it automatically applies the brakes to help "steer" the vehicle where the driver intends to go. Braking is automatically applied to wheels individually, such as the outer front wheel to counter oversteer or the inner rear wheel to counterundersteer. Some ESC systems also reduce engine power until control is regained.

ESC is built on top of an anti-lock brake (ABS) system, and all ESC-equipped vehicles are fitted with traction control. The ESC components include a yaw rate sensor, a lateral acceleration sensor, a steering wheel sensor, and an upgraded integrated control unit. In the US, Federal regulations require that ESC be installed as a standard feature on all passenger cars and light trucks as of the 2012 model year.

any system that vehicle speed and the local speed limit on a road and implements an action when the vehicle is detected to be exceeding the speed limit. This can be done through an advisory system, where the driver is warned, or through an intervention system where the driving systems of the vehicle are controlled automatically to reduce the vehicle’s speed.

In road-transport terminology, a lane departure warning system is a mechanism designed to warn a driver when the vehicle begins to move out of its lane (unless a turn signal is on in that direction) on freeways and arterial roads. These systems are designed to minimize accidents by addressing the main causes of collisions: driver error, distractions and drowsiness