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A
a beforeA assessmentA2 aortic valve closure (heart
sound)AA amino acidA/B acid-base ratioAB abnormal, abortionAb antibodyAbd abdominalABE acute bacterial endocarditisABG arterial blood gasABW actual body weightac ante cenam (Latin); before
meal/sACE angiotensin converting
enzymeACEI angiotensin-converting
enzyme inhibitorsACh acetylcholineACG angiocardiographyACTH adrenocorticotropic hormonea.d. alternis diebus (Latin); every
other day ADH 1. antidiuretic hormone. Syn:
vasopressinad lib as desiredADM admissionADR adverse drug reactionAdr. adrenalineAE above elbow or adverse
eventAF atrial fibrillation (A Fib.), atrial
flutterAFB acid fast bacillus AFEB afebrileAFI acute febrile illnessAFVSS afebrile vital sign stableA/G albumin to globulin ratio
(normal 2:1)AG anion gap or aminoglycosideAg antigenAGG anti-gammaglobulinaggl. agglutinationAGL acute granulocyte leukemiaAGN acute glomerulonephritisAHA autoimmune hemolytic
anemiaAHC acute hemorrhagic
conjunctivitisAHD atherosclerotic heart diseaseAHF acute heart failure
antihemophilic factorAIDS acquired immunodeficiency
syndromeAIHA autoimmune hemolytic
anemiaAJ ankle jerkAlb albumin
alk alkaline
ALL acute lymphoblastic leukemia
ALP alkaline phosphataseALT alanine aminotransferase
(formerly SGPT)AM ante meridiem, before noonAMAP as much as possibleAmb ambulatory (walking)AMI acute myocardial infarctionAML acute myeloblastic leukemiaamp ampouleAMP ampicillinamt. amountANA antinuclear antibodyANC absolute neutrphil countanes. anesthesiaANF antinuclear factorANLL acute nonlymphoblastic
leukemiaANS autonomic nervous systemant. anteriorAOM acute otitis mediaA&P anterior and posterior
assessesment and planauscultation and percussion
AP alkaline phosphataseangina pectoris
APB atrial premature beatAPE acute pulmonary edemaappr. approximateaq aqueousARA-A viradabineARA-C cytarabineARF acute renal failure
acute respiratory failureacute rheumatic fever
ARV AIDS-related virus
AS aortic stenosisASA acetylsalicylic acidASAP as soon as possibleASD Alzheimer senile dementiaASHD arteriosclerotic heart diseaseAST aspartate aminotransferase
(formerly SGOT)AT adjuvant therapyATB antibioticATC around the clockATG antithrombocytic globulinATN acute tubular necrosisAUC area under the curveAUL acute undifferentiated
leukemiaaus auscultationAV atrioventricularAVB atrioventricular block
ave, avg
average
AVH acute viral hepatitisAVR aortic valve replacement
AVRT atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia
A&W alive and wellAW anterior wallA-Z test Ascheim-Zondex test
(pregnancy test)AZA azathioprineAZT zidovudine
B
Ba bariumBaE barium enemaBBB blood-brain barrier
bundle branch blockBBBB bilateral bundle branch blockBBT basal body temperatureB Bx bone biopsy or breast biopsyB&C biopsy and curettageBC birth control or blood cultureBCG bacille Calmette-Guerin (TB
vaccine)BCNU carmustineBCP birth control pillBE bacterial encarditis
both eyes bioequivalence
bicarb. bicarbonatebid bis in die (Latin); twice a dayBili BilirubinBIN bin, twice a nightB&J bones and jointsBJM benign juvenile melanoma
bones, joints and muscles BJP Bence-Jones protein (protein
in multiple myeloma)bkft breakfastbld cult blood cultureBLEO bleomycin sulfateBM bone marrow
bowel movementBMI body mass indexBMR basal metabolic rateBMT bone marrow transplantBP blood pressureBPD bronchopulmonary dysplasiaBPH benign prostatic hyperplasia
benign prostatic hypertrophy bpm beats per minuteBR bed restBS Babinski’s sign
bowel soundsbreath sounds
BSA body surface area
BSF busulfan (antineoplastic agent)
BST blood serologic testbuccal smear test
BT bleeding timebody temperature
BUN blood urea nitrogen
BUN/CR blood urea nitrogen/creatine ratio
BW body weightbody water
Bx, bx biopsy cum (Latin); with C Celsius or centigradeC1 first cervical vertebraCA cancer
carcinomacardiac arrest
CABG coronary artery bypass graftCAD coronary artery diseaseCAH chronic active hepatitiscal. caloriesCALD chronic active liver diseaseCAO chronic airway obstruction
coronary artery obstructioncap capsuleCAPD continuous ambulatory
peritoneal dialysisCAT scan
computerized axial tomographycatheter or catheterize
CB chronic bronchitisCBC complete blood countCBD common bile ductCBI continuous bladder flowCBZ carbamazepine C/C, CC chief complaintCCA common carotid arteryCCE cardiogenic cerebral embolismCCK cholecystokininCCM congestive cardiomyopathyCCNU lomustine CCr creatinine clearanceCCU coronary care unit
critical care unitCF cardiac failure
cystic fibrosisCGH chronic gonadotropic hormoneCGL chronic granulocytic leukemiaCGN chronic glomerulonephritisCGTT glucose cortisol tolerance testCHA congenital hypoplastic anemiaCHB complete heart blockCHD congenital heart disease
coronary heart diseasechemo chemotherapy
1
CHF congestive heart failureCHO carbohydrate
CHOP cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisolone
Chol cholesterol
chr chronic
CIBD chronic inflammatory bowel disease
CIC circulating immune complexCIN cervical intraepithelial
neoplasiaCJD Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseCK creatine kinaseCKD chronic kidney diseaseCl chlorine CLCr creatinine clearanceCLD chronic liver diseaseCLL chronic lympholytic leukemiaCLT clotting timeC/M counts per minuteCM contrast media
culture mediacm centimeterCMC carpal metacarpal (joint)CMF cytoxan, methotrexate, and 5-
fluorouracilCMI cell-mediated immunityCML chronic myelogenous leukemiaCMML Chronic myelomonocytic
leukemiaCMV cytomegalovirusCN cranial nervec.n. cras nocte (Latin); tomorrow
nightCNS central nervous systemC/O care of
complains ofCO cardiac output
carbon monoxideCo cobaltCOAD chronic obstructive airway
diseaseCOG cognitive function test
COHb carboxyhemoglobinCOLD chronic obstructive lung
diseasecong. congius; a gallonCOMT catechol-O-methyltransferase
COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COPE chronic obstructive pulmonary emphysema
COR coronaryCP chest pain
cleft palatecreatnine phosphate
C&P cystoscopy and pyelogramCPB cardiopulmonary bypass
CPE complete physical examination
CPK creatine phosphokinase (BB, MB, MM are isozymes)
cpm counts per minuteCmax peak serum concentrationCmin trough serum concentration CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation
cps cycles per secondCR creatineCRA central retinal arteryCRD chronic renal disease
chronic respiratory diseaseCrCl creatinine clearanceCRF chronic renal failure
corticotrophin-releasing factorCRP C-reactive proteinC/S cycles per secondCS cesarean section
coronary sclerosisC&S, C/S
culture and sensitivity
CS&CC culture, sensitivity and colony count
CsA, CSA
cyclosporine
C-section
cesarean section
CSF cerebrospinal fluidC-spine cervical spineCT circulating time
clotting timecomputerized tomography
CTX cyclophosphamide (cytoxan)CTZ chemoreceptor trigger zoneCu copperCUC chronic ulcerative colitisCUP carcinoma of unknown primary
(site)CV cardiovascular
cardiac volumeCVA cardiovascular accident
cerebrovascular accident (stroke)
CVD cardiovascular diseaseCVD cerebrovascular disease
CVI cerebrovascular insufficiencyCVS cardiovascular systemc/w compared with
consistent withCX cervixCXR chest X-raycysto cystoscopy
CZI crystalline zinc insulin
D
D, d dayD/A date of admissionDA dopamine
drug addictDB date of birthD/C discharge
discontinueD&C dilation and curettagedc discontinue
DD (DDX)
differential diagnosisdischarge diagnosis
DDAVP desmopressin acetateDDD degenerative disc diseaseDDS dialysis disequilibrium
syndromeDDT chlorophenothane (dicophane)
D/DW dextrose in distilled waterD&E dilation and evacuationdeg degeneration
degreeDerm dermatologyDES diethylstilbestrolDVE duck embryo vaccinedex. rightDF dengue fever
desfuroxamine (chelating agent)
D/H drug historyDHL diffuse histiocyte lymphomaDI diabetes insipidus
drug informationdrug interaction
diag. diagnosisdias diastolicDIC disseminated intervascular
coagulationdiif. differential blood countdil. diluteDIG digoxindis. diseasedisc discontinueDIT drug-induced
thrombocytopeniaDJD degenerative joint diseaseDKA diabetic ketoacidosisdL, dl deciliter (100 ml)DM diabetes mellitus
diastolic murmurDMARD disease modifying
antirheumatic drugDMKA diabetes mellitus ketoacidosis
DMOOC
diabetes mellitus out of control
DN diabetic nephropathydiabetic neuropathy
D/N dextrose-nitrogen ratioDNA deoxyribonucleic acid
DNKA did not keep appointmentD/NS dextrose in normal salineD5%NS dextrose 5% in normal salineDOA date of admission
dead on arrivalDOCA 11-hydroxycorticosterone
acetateDOB date of birthDOC drug of choiceDOD date of death
dead of diseaseDOE dyspnea on exertionDOI date of injuryDP deep pulse
diastolic pressureDPDL diffuse poorly differentiated
lymphomaDPH diphenylhydantoin (phenytoin)DPI dry powder inhalerDPT diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus
immunizationDR delivery room
diabeticretinopathyDRG diagnosis-related groupsDS double strengthDSS dengue shock syndromeDT diphtheria and tetanusDTP diphtheria and tetanus toxoids
with pertussis (killed, whole organism)
DTR deep tendon reflexesDTs delirium tremensDU diabetic urine
duodenal ulcerDUB dysfunction uterine bleedingDVR double valve replacementDVT deep vein thrombosisD/W (DW)
dextrose in water
D5W 5% aqueous dextrose solutionDWDL diffuse well differentiated
lymphocytic lymphomaDx diagnosisDZ, dz, Dz
disease
E
e erythrocyteE edema
enema
2
EAHF eczema, allergy, hay feverEAHLG equine antihyman lymphoblast
globulinEBL estimated blood loseEBV Epstein-Barr virusEC enteric-coated
ECF extracellular fluidECF-A eosinophil chemotactic factor
of anaphylaxisECG electrocardiogram (also EKG)ECHO echocardiogram ECT electroconvulsive therapyED effective dose
emergency departmenterectile dysfunction
ED50 median effective doseEDC estimated date of confinement
(delivery date)EDM early diastolis murmurEDV end diastolic volumeEEG electroencephalogramEENT ear, eye, nose and throatEF ejection fraction
extended-field (radiotherapy)EFA essential fatty acidEFM electronic fetal monitoring
external fetal monitoringEFW estimated fetal weighte.g. exampli gratia (Latin); for
exampleEGA estimated gestational ageEGD esophagogastroduodenoscopyEGG electrogastrogramEGR erythrocyte glutathione
reductaseEH enlarged heartEHF epidermic hemorrhagic fever
exophthalos-hyperthyroid factor
E/I expiration-inspiration ratioEIA enzyme immunoassayEKC epidermic keratoconjunctivitisELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assayElix. elixirEM electron microscopy
erythema multiformeEMB endometrial biopsyEMG electromyelogramEMIT enzyme-multiplied
immunoassay techniqueEMS early morning specimen
emergency medical serviceEN erythema nodosumenl. enlargementENT ear, nose, and throat
enz. enzymeEOA examine, opinion, and advicee.o.d. every other dayEOM external otitis media
extraocular movementEp epilepsyepith epithelium
EPO ErythropoietinEPS extrapyramidal symptomsEQ encephalization quotientER ejection rate
emergency roomER+ estrogen receptor positiveERA evoked response audiometryERCP endoscopic retrograde
cholangio-pancreatographyERG electroretinogramERT estrogen replacement therapyERV expiratory reserve volumeESR erythrocyte sedimentation rateESRD end stage renal diseaseESRF end stage renal failureess. essentialEST electroshock therapyet andET ejection time
endotracheal tubeETT exercise tolerance testEUA examination under aneathesiaEWB estrogen withdrawal bleedingexam. examinationexp. expiredext external
extenserextremities
Ez eczema
F
F fahrenheitfemale
FA fatty acidfolic acid
Fab antigen-binding fragmentF(ANA) fluorescent antinuclear
antibodyFAQ frequently asked questionsFAS fetal alcohol syndromeFAT fluorescent antibody testFB fasting blood
foreign bodyFBC full blood countFBE full blood examinationFBS fasting blood sugar5-FC flucytosine
FCA ferritin-conjugated antibodyFD50 median fatal doseFDA Food and Drug AdministrationFDP fibrin-degeneration productsFe ironFEC forced expiratory capacity
FEF forced expiratory flowfem femoralFEV forced expiratory volumeFEV1 forced expiratory volume in
one secondFFA free fatty acidFFP fresh frozen plasmaF/H, FH family historyFHH familial hypocalciuric
hypercalcemiaFHR fetal heart rateFIA fluorescent immunoassayFib. fibrillation
fibrinogenFIH fat induced hyperglycemiaFiO2 fraction of inspired carbon
dioxideFMH family medical historyFOB fecal occult bloodFP family planning
frozen plasmaFPG Frozen plasma glucoseFRC frozen red cell
functional residual capacityfreq frequentFSH follicle stimulating hormone.ft. footFT3 free triiodothyroxineFT4 free thyroxineFTA fluorescent titer antibodyFTBD full-term born deadFTND full-term normal deliveryFTSG full-thickness graftF/U (FU)
follow-up
5-FU 5-fluorouracilFUB function uterine bleedingFUO fever of undetermined originFVC forced vital capacityFx fracture
G
G Gravida (Latin); pregnantg, gm gramG/O gas and oxygenGa galliumGA gastric analysis
general appearancegeneral anesthesiagestational age
GABA gamma-aminobutyric acidGA-BHS group A beta-hemolytic
streptococcusgal gallon
GBD gallbladder diseaseGC gonococci
good conditionGCS Glasgow Coma ScaleGEN genderGENT gentamicinGERD gastroesophageal reflux
diseaseGFR glomerular filtration rateGGT gamma-glutaryl transferase
gestational glucose toleranceGHD growth hormone deficiencyGI gastrointestinal GIP giant cell intestinal pneumoniaGIS gas in stomach
gastrointestinal systemGITT glucose-insulin tolerance test
gl glandgm% gram per 100 millilitersGM- gram negative GM+ gram positiveGN glomerulonephritisGNB gram-negative bacteriaGNR gram-negative rodsGnRH gonadotropin releasing
hormoneGP general practitioner
gram-positivegp glycoproteinG-6-PD glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenaseG3P3 three pregnancies (gravida),
three went to termGPB gram-positive bacteriaGPC gram-positive coccigr. grain (60 milligrams)GR gamma rayGR2P1AB1
two pregnancy, one birth, and one abortion
Grav1,2,3 first, second, third pregnancy
GSD glucose storage diseaseGT gastrostomy tubegt, gtt gutta; drop, dropsGTN glumerulo-tubulo-nephritisGTT glucose tolerance testGU gastric ulcerGy gray (unit of radiation, = 100
rads)
3
GYN gynecology
H
H hearthydrogen
H, hr hour
HA headachehemagglutinationhemolytic anemia
HAA hepatitis-associated antigenHACEK group
Himophilus, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, and Kingella group
HAI hemagglutination inhibitionHAV hepatitis A virusHb hemoglobinHB heart blockHbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin A1. HBAg hepatitis B antigenHBCAg hepatitis B core antigenHb CO carboxyhemoglobinHBF hepatic blood flowHBIG hepatitis B immunoglobulinHBO hyperbaric oxygenHBP high blood pressureHbS sickle cell hemoglobinHBSAg hepatitis B core surface
antigenHBV hepatitis B virusH/C hemoculturehCG human chorionic gonadotropinHCO3 bicarbonateHCT Hct, hct, ht, hematocritHCTZ hydrochlorothiazideHCV hepatitis C virusHCVD hypertensive cardiovascular
diseaseHD heart disease
hemodialysisHodkin’s disease
HDL high density lipoproteinHDN hemolytic disease of the
newbornHe heliumH&E hemorrhage and exudateHEENT head, ears, eyes, nose, and
throatHF hay fever
heart failurehemorrhagic fever
Hgb hemoglobin. Syn: Hb, HGBhGG human gammaglobulinhGH human growth hormoneHH hiatal hernia
H&H hematocrit and hemoglobinHHA hereditary hemorrhagic
anemiaHHC home health careHHD hypertensive heart diseaseHHT Hereditary hemorrhagic
telangiectasiaHI head injuryHIA hemagglutination inhibition
antibodyHiCN cyanmethemoglobin
HID headache, insomnia, and depression
hIg human immunoglobulinHIV human immunodeficiency virusH&L heart lungHLA histocompatibility locus
antigenhuman lymphocyte antigen
HLV herpes-like virusHMD hyaline membrane diseaseH.N. hospital numberH&N head and neckH/O history ofHOT hyperbaric oxygen therapyHP hemiplegia
HIV positiveHp haptoglobulin HPI history of illnesshPL human placenta lactogenHPN home parenteral nutritionHPO hypertrophic pulmonary
osteoarthropathyHR (H/R)
heart rate
HRIG human rabies immune globulinHRLA human reovirus like antigenHRT hormone replacement therapyHS half strength
heart soundsherpes simplex
h.s. hora somni (Latin); at bed timeHSG hysterosalpingographyHSV herpes simplex virus3-HT 3-hydroxytyramine (dopamine)5-HT 5-hydroxytryptamine
(serotonin)ht heightHTN hypertensionHUS hemolytic-uremic syndromeHVD hypertensive vascular diseaseHVG host versus graftHx historyHZV herpes zoster virus
I
131I radioactive isotope of iodine
IA intra-aorticintra-arterial
IABP intra-aortic balloon pumpIADHS inappropriate secretion of
antidiuretic hormone syndromeIAHD idiopathic acquired hemolytic
diseaseIAP intermittent acute porphyriaIASD interatrial septal defectIBC iron binding capacityIBD inflammatory bowel disease
IBI intermittent bladder irrigationIBS irritable bowel syndromeIBW ideal body weightIC individual councelingICD intrauterine contraceptive
deviceICF intracellular fluidICM inter costal marginICP intracranial pressureICS intercostal spaceICSH interstitial cell-stimulating
hormoneICU intensive care unitICW intracellular waterI&D incision and drainageID identification
infectious diseaseinternal diameterintradermal
IDA iron deficiency anemiaIDDM insulin-dependent diabetes
mellitus, type I.IDL intermediate-density
lipoproteinIDU idoxuridinIDW ideal body weightIE immunoelectrophoresis
infective endocarditisI/E inspiratory to eapiratory ratioIF intrinsic factor
interstitial fluidIFA indirect fluorescent antibodyIFN interferonIG (Ig) immunoglobulin IHA indirect hemagglutinationIHD ischemic heart diseaseIHSS idiopathic hypertrophic
subaortic stenosisILD ischemic leg disease
ischemic limb diseaseILDL intermediate low density
lipoproteinILL intermediate lymphocytic
lymphomaI.M. (IM)
intramuscular
IMB intermenstrual bleedingIMH idiopathic myocardial
hypertrophyIMH test
indirect hemagglutination
IMP (imp)
impression
IMV intermittent mandatory ventilation
IN intranasalinf. inferior
infusionINH isoniazidinj injectionINR International Normalized Ratio
(standard of care for the management of anticoagulation).
int internal intermittent
I&O intake and output (as for fluids)
IOFB intraocular foreign bodyIOL intraocular lens (implant)IOP intraocular pressureIP intra-peritonealIPD inflammatory pelvic disease
intermittent peritoneal dialysisinpatient department
IPU inpatient unitIPV inactivated polio vaccineI.Q. intelligence quotientIS intercostal spaceISADH inappropriate secretion of
antidiuretic hormoneISF interstitial fluidISG immune serum globulinISW interstitial waterIT intrathecal
inhalation therapyITP idiopathic thrombocytopeniaIU international unit
intrauterineIUD intrauterine deviceIUFB intrauterine foreign bodyIUP intrauterine pregnancyIUPD intrauterine pregnancy deliveryI.V. intravenousIVC intravenous cholangiogramIVF intravenous fluidIVH intraventicular hemorrhageIVIG intravenous immunoglobulinIVP intravenous pyelogramIVPB intravenous piggybagIVSD intraventricular septal defect
J
4
Jnt jointJODM juvenile onset diabetes
mellitusJP Jackson-Pratt (catheter; drain)JRA juvenile rheumatoid arthritisjt. jejunostomy tube
jointjuv. juvenileJVD jugular venous distentionJVP jugular vein pulse
K
K potassiumKA ketoacidosisKB ketone bodiesKcal kilo calories (1000 calories)
K cell killer cellKDA known drug allergiesKg kilogramKJ knee jerkKLS kidney liver spleenKO keep on17-KS 17-ketosteroidsKS Kaposi sarcoma
Kerring’s sign (sign of meningitis)
KT Kidney transplantKUB kidney ultrasound biopsy
kidney, ureter, and bladder (X-ray exam)
KVO keep vein openKW Keith Wagner (ophthaloscopic
finding Test, grade 1-4)
L
L leftlente (insulin)literlumbar
LA left atriumlocal anesthesia
L&A light and accommodationLAD left anterior descending
(coronary artery)LAG lymphangiogramLAK lymphokine-activated killerLAM laminectomyLAP laprotomy
left atrial pressureleukocyte alkaline phosphatase
LASER light amplification by stimulated emission or radiation
lat. lateralLATS long acting thyroid stimulatorLAV lymphadenopathy virusLAVH lapaoscopic assisted vaginal
hysterectomyLB large bowel
low backLBBB left bundle branch block (heart
block)LBM lean body massLBP low back painLBW lean body weight
low birth weightLCA left coronary arteryLCT long chain triglycerideLD lethal dose
Legionnaries’ diseaseloading doseLyme disease
L/D labor and deliveryLD50 median lethal doseLDH lactic dehydrogenase
LDL low density lipoproteinL-dopa levodopaLE left ear
left eyelower extremitieslupus eryhthematosus
LES lower esophageal sphincterLF left footLFD lactose free diet
low fat dietLFT liver function testsLG large LGA large for gestation ageL&H lungs and heartLH left hand
lutenizing hormoneLHF left heart failureLHL left hepatic lobeLHRH lutenizing hormone-releasing
hormoneLi lithiumLido lidocaineLIF leukocyte inhibitory factorLIG ligamentLIP lymphocytic interstitial
pneumoniaLIQ lower inner quadrantliq liquid LIS left intercostal spaceLK left kidney
lymphokineLKS liver, kidney, and spleenLL left lung
lower lobelymphocytic leukemia
LLE left lower extremitiesLLL lower left lobe (lung)LLQ lower left quadrantLMB Laurence-Moon-Bield syndrome
(obesity)
LMP last menstrual periodLMWD low molecular weight dextranLN lupus nephritis
lymph nodeLNMP last normal menstrual periodLOA left occipito-anterior (fetal
position)LOB loss of balance LOC loss of conciousnessLOM left otitis media
limitation of motionloss of motion
LOQ lower outer quadrantLOS length of stayLOT left occipitotransverseLOV loss of visionLP light perception
lumbar puncture
L/P lactate to pyruvate ratioLPA left pulmonary arteryLR (S) Lactated Ringer’s (solution)LRT lower respiratory tractLRTI lower respiratory tract infectionL&S liver and spleenLS left side
liver spleenLSD low salt diet
lysergic acid diethylamideLSM late systolic murmurLT left
lightLTH luetotropic hormone (prolactin)LUE left upper extremityLues I primary syphilisLUL left upper lobe (of lung)LUQ left upper quadrant (of
abdomen)LV left ventricle
live vaccinelive virus
LVE left ventricular enlargementLVDP left ventricular diastolic
pressureLVEDP left ventricular end diastolic
pressureLVEF left ventricular ejection volumeLVF left ventricular failureLVFP left ventricular filling pressureLVH left ventricular hypertrophyLVP large volume parenteral
left ventricular pressureLVT left ventricular tachycardiaL&W living and welllymphs lymphocytesLytes electrolytes
M
M, m malemolarmurmur
M1 first mitral soundM/A mood and/or affectMA mental ageMAB monoclonal antibodyMABP mean arterial blood pressureMAC maximum allowable
concentrationminimum alveolar concentrationMycobacterium avium complex
MAL midaxillary linemalig. malignantMAO monoamine oxidaseMAOI monoamine oxidase inhibitorMAP mean airway pressure
mean arterial pressureMAT multifocal atrial tachycardia
max MaximumMB microbiologyMb myoglobinMBC maximum breathing capacity
minimum bactericidal concentration
MBP mean blood pressuremcg microgram (g)MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobinMCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin
concentrationMCI mean cardiac indexMCL midclavical line
midcostal lineMCT medium chain triglycerideMCV mean corpuscular/cell volume
(a parameter of red blood cells)
MD medicine doctormental deficiencymuscular dystrophy
MDD mean daily doseMDE major depressive episodeMDI meter-dose inhalerMDM middiastolic murmurMDR minimum daily requirement
multidrug resistantME macula edemaM/E myeloid to erythroid ratioMEA-1 multiple endocrine
adenomatosis type Imed medication
medicineMED mean effective doseMEFV maximum expiratory flow
volumemEq milliequivalent METS metastasisMF myocardial hibrosis
5
myocardial fungoidesMFT muscle function testMG myasthenia gravisMg magnesiummg% milligram per 100 milliliters
(mg/dL)MGN membranous
glomerulonephritisM/H medical historyMH malignant hyperthermia
medical historymenstrual historymental health
MHb methemoglobin
MI mitral insufficiencymyocardial infarction
MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
MIF migration inhibition factor
MIN minimum minute (min)
MLC mixed lymphocyte culture
MLD metachromic leukodystrophyminimal lethal dose
MM multiple myelomamurmur
mM millimolar
M&M morbidity and mortalityMMEFR maximal midexpiratory flow
rate MMF mean maximum flowmmHg millimeters of mercurymmol millimoleMMR live, attenuated measles-
mumps-rubella vaccineMMT manual muscle testingMN midnightMn manganeseM&N morning and nightMO mineral oilmo mouthMOA mechanism of actionmod moderateMOM milk of magnesiamono monocyteMOPP nitrogen mustard, oncovin,
prednisolone, and procabazinemOsmol
milliosmole
6-MP mercaptopurineMPGN membranous proliferative
glomerulonephritisMPS mucopolysaccharideMR metabolic rate
mental retardationmitral regurgitation
M&R measure and record
MRA medical record administrationMRAP mean right arterial pressureMRI magnetic resonance imagingMRM modified radial mastectomyMRSA methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureusMRVP mean right ventricular
pressureMS mitral stenosis
morphine sulfatemultiple sclerosis
MSE mental status examinationMSH melanocyte stimulating factorMSL midsternal lineMSU midstream urine
monosodium ureateMTX methotrexateMU million unitmU milliunitsMUGA multiple-gated acquisition scan
(of heart)MV mitral valveMVO2 myocardial oxygen
consumptionMVP mitral valve prolapse
myelo Myelocytes
N
N nitrogenNa sodiumNA nicotinic acid
no abnormalitynot availablenursing assistant
NAD no acute distressnothing abnormal detected
NAPA N-acetyl procainamideNARC narcotic (s)NAS no added saltNat naturalNB newborn
needle biopsynitrogen balance
NBM nothing by mouthNBS normal bowel
normal breath soundnormal blood serum
NBW normal birth weightNC nasal cannula
no changeN/C no complaintsNCD normal childhood diseaseNCF neutrophil chemotactic factorND normal delivery
normal developmentN&D nodular and diffuseNDA new drug approval
NDV Newcastle disease virusNE norepinephrineNEC necrotizing enterocolitisNED no evidence of diseaseneg. negativeNET naso-endotracheal tubeNF normal flow
not foundNG nasogastric. Syn: N-GNGB neurogenic bladderNGR nasogastric replacementNGT nasogastric tubeNGU nongonococcal urethritisNH nurising homeNHL non-Hodkin’s lymphomaNICU neonatal intensive care unit
neurosurgical intensive care unit
NIDDM non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus
NIH National Institute of HealthNJ nasojejunalNK not knownNK cell natural killer cell (a type of
lymphocyte)
NKA no known allergiesNKD no known diseaseNKDA no known drug allergiesNKMA no known medication allergiesNL normal labor
normal limitsNLB needle liver biopsyNLP no light perceptionNM neuromuscular
nuclear medicineNMP normal menstrual periodNMJ neuromuscular junctionNMS neuroleptic malignant
syndromeNMT not more thanNN neonatalN/N nurses’ notesNo. numbernoc nocturnal; nightnoct. nightNP nasal polyp
nasopharyngealneuropsychiatric
NPDL nodular, poorly differentiate lymphocytes
NPH neutral protamine HagedornNPN nonprotein nitrogenNPO non per os; nothing by mouthNPR normal per rectumNPT normal pressure and
temperatureNR no response
NRC normal retinal correspondenceNREM nonrapid eye movementNRT nicotine replacement therapyNRTI nucleoside analogue reverse
transcriptase inhibitors.NS nephritic syndrome
nervous systemnormal saline (0.9% NaCl)not significant
NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
NSC not significant changeNSD normal spontaneous deliveryNSFTD normal spontaneous full-term
delivery NSILA nonsuppressible insulin-like
activityNSN nephrotoxic serum nephritisNSR normal sinus rhythmNSS normal saline solutionNSSTT nonspecific ST and T waveNSU nonspecific urethritisNSV nonspecific vaginitisNSVD normal spontaneous vaginal
deliveryNT nasotracheal
neurotransmitter
N&T nose and throatNTG nitroglycerineNTL nasotracheal lavageNTN nephrotoxic nephritisNTX naltrexoneN&V, N/V
nausea and vomiting
N/V/D/C
nausea/vomiting/diarrhea/constipation
NVD neck vein distensionnausea, vomiting and diarrhea
NWD normal well developedNx nephrectomyNYD not yet diagnosedNYHA New York Heart Association
(classification of heart disease)nyst. nystagmus
O
O: objectiveoxygen
OA oral alimentationosteoarthritis
OB obstetricsoccult blood
Ob-GYN
obstetrics and gynecology
Obj. objectiveObl. obliqueObs observedOC oral contraceptive
6
Occl. occlusionOCD obsessive-compulsive disorderOCPs oral contraceptive pillsOD once daily
overdose out of dateoculus dexter (Latin); right eye
OE on examinationO&E observation and examinationOH occupational historyOHD organic heart diseaseOI opportunistic infectionOLT othotopic liver transplantOM otitis mediaOMSC otitis media secretory chronicONC oncologyOOB out of bedOOC out of controlOOR out of roomOP (O/P)
outpatientout put
O&P ova and parasites
OPC outpatient clinic
OPD outpatient department
OPG ocular plethysmography
OPV oral polio vaccine
OR operating room
ORCH orchiectomy
Orth. orthopedics
OS oculus senister; left eyeopening snap
OT occupational therapyOTC over the counterOU oculus uterque; both eyesOv. ovaryOz. ounce
P
P phosphorusplanposteriorpressureproteinpulsepupilafter
PA pernicious anemiaposterior-anterior (X-ray)pulmonary artery
P&A percussion and auscultationPAB premature atrial beatPAC premature atrial concentrationPaCO2 partial arterial carbon dioxide
pressurePAE postantibiotic effectPAF paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
platelets activating factorPAH pulmonary arterial
hypertensionPALN para-aortic lymph nodePalp. palpationPALS pediatric advantaged life
support2-PAM pralidoximePAN polyarteritis nodosa
(necrotizing arthritis)PAP prostatic acid phosphate
pulmonary pressurePap smear
papanicolaou (smear, stain, test)
para paraplegiaPAS para-aminosalicylic acid
pulmonary artery atenosisPAT paroxyasmal atrial tachycardia
preadmission testingPath pathologyPB protein bindingPb leadPBG porphobillinogenPBI protein-bound iodinePBO placebo
PBS phosphate-buffered salinepostprandial bood sugar
PBZ phenylbutazonePC packed cell
present complaintspc post cenam (Latin); after
meals.PCA patient care assistant
percutaneous carotid angiography
PCB placeboPCG phenocardiogramPC&HS after meal and at bed timePCKD polycystic kidney diseasePCN penicillinPCO2 carbondioxide partial pressurePCP Pneumocytis carinii
pneumoniapulmonary capillary pressure
PCT proximal convoluted tubulePCTA percutaneous transluminal
angiographyPCU pain control unit
palliative care unitprimary care unit
PCV packed cell volume (hematocrit)polychlorinated vinyl
PCWP pulmonary wedge pressurePD Parkinson's disease
peritoneal dialysispostural drainage
PDA patent ductus arteriosusPDE paroxysmal dyspnea on
exertionPDL poorly differentiated
lymphocytePE physical examination
pulmonary edemaPeds. pediatricsPEEP positive end-expiratory
pressurePEFR peak expiratory flow ratePEG percutaneous endoscopic
gastrotomypneumoencephalogrampolyethylene glycol
PEJ percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy
PERLA pupils equal, react to light and accommodation
PERRLA pupils equal, round, regular, react to light and accommodation
PET pre-eclampsia toxemiaprotein-emission tomography
PF platelet factorperitoneal fluidpreservative free
PFP platelet free factorPFR peak flow rateper os by mouthPFT pulmonary function testsPFU plaque forming unitPG prostaglandinPg. pregnantPGS penicillin G sodium
PGU postgonococcal urethritisPH past historyPHA passive hemagglutinationPHPT primary hyperparathyroidismPHS phenytoin hypersensitivity
syndromePI present illness
pulmonary infarctionPID pelvic inflammatory diseasePIE pulmonary infarction with
eosinophiliaPIV peripheral intravenous (line)PKU phenylketoureaPL phospholipids
perception to lightPLS plastic surgeryPLT (s) platelet (s) PM afternoon
pacemakerpetit malpolymyositispost mortem; after death
PMC pseudomembranous colitisPMF progressive mass fibrosisPMH past medical history
PMN polymorphonuclear leukocytesPM&R physical medicine and
rehabilitationPMS premenstrual syndrome
post marketing surveillancePMT postmenstrual tensionPN parenteral nutrition
pneumoniapostnatalprogress note
P&N psychiatry and neurologyPNB percutaneous needle biopsyPNC penicillin PND paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
postnasal dripPNH paroxysmal nocturnal
hemoglobinureaPNS peripheral nervous systemPnx pneumothoraxp/o postoperativePO per os (Latin); orally, by mouthPO2 partial oxygen pressurePOA pancreatic oncofetal antigenpoly polymorphonucleus leukocytesPOMR problem oriented medical
recordPost-op post operationPP pulse pressurePP&A palpation, percussion and
auscultationPPB positive breathing pressurePPBS postprandial blood sugarPPC progressive patient care
PPD packs per daypurified protein derivative (skin test for tuberculosis)
PPF procaine penicillin fortifiedPPM part per millionPPI proton pump inhibitorPPLO pleuro-pneumonia-like
organismsPPH past pertinent historyPR partial response
per rectumpulse rate
P&R pulse and respirationPRA plasma rennin activityPRBC packed red blood cellsPRC packed red cellsPre-op preoperationprep. prepare forPRL prolactinprn pro re nata (Latin); as neededPROCTO
proctoscopic (rectum)
prog. prognosisPROM passive range of motion
premature ruptures of
7
membranePro. time
prothrombin time
PRTH-C prothrombin time controlPS paradoxic sleep
pathologic stagepulmonary stenosis
PSA prostate-specific antigenPSE portal systemic
encephalopathyPSF posterior spinal fusionPSGN poststreptococcal
glomerulonephritisPSM presystolic murmurPSS progressive systemic aclerosisPSVT paroxysmal supraventricular
tachycardiaPT paroxysmal tachycardia
physical therapyprothrombin time
Pt (Pt.) patientP&T peak and troughPTA prior to admission
(medication)PTC percutaneous transhepatic
cholangiographyplasma thromboplastin components
PTCA percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty
PTE pulmonary thromboembolismPTF parathyroid factorPTH parathyroid hormone
post-transfusion hepatitisPTMDF pupils, tension, media, disc,
fundusPTT partial thromboplastin timePTU propylthiouracil PU peptic ulcer
PUD peptic ulcer diseasepulmonary disease
PUFA polyunsaturated fatty acidPul pulmonaryPUO pyrexia of unknown originPUVA psoralen ultraviolet A
(treatment for psoriasis)PV peripheral veins
per vaginapolycythemia veraportal vein
PVB premature ventricular beatPVC premature ventricular contract
polyvinyl chloridepulmonary venous congestion
PV.CO2 venous carbon dioxide pressure
PVD peripheral vascular diseasePVF portal vein flowPVP peripheral vein pressurePVR peripheral vein resistance
PVT paroxysmal ventricular tachycardia
PWP pulmonary wedge pressurePx physical exam
pneumothoraxPXE pseudoxanthoma elasticumPZA pyrazinamidePZI protamine zinc insulin
Q
q everyQA quality assuranceq.a.m quaque ante meridem (Latin);
every morningQC quality controlQc pulmonary coronary blood flowq.d. quaque die (Latin); every dayq.h. quaque hora (Latin); every
hourq 2h every two hoursq.h.s. quaque hora somni (Latin);
every night at bed timeq.i.d quarter in die (Latin); four
times dailyq.m. every morningq.n. quaque nox (Latin); every
nightq.n.s. quantity not sufficientqod every other dayq.p. as much as desiredq.q.h. every four hoursq.s. quantum sufficit (Latin); as
much as sufficesqt quart (32 oz)q.v. as much as you pleaseq.wk. once a weekR
R rectumregularrespirationright
Ra radiumRA rheumatoid arthritis, right
atriumRAA rennin-angiotensin-
aldosterone systemrad radiation absorbed doseRAD reactive airway diseaserad. radialRAE right atrial enlargementRAF rheumatoid arthritis factorRAIU radioactive iodine uptakeRAM rapid alternating movementsram relative atomic mass RAS renal artery stenosisRAW airway resistance
R&B risks and benefitsRBBB right bundle branch blockRBC red blood cells/countRBE relative biological
effectivenessRBF renal blood flowRBG random blood glucoseRBP retinol-binding proteinRCA right coronary arteryRCC renal cell carcinomaRCD relative cardiac dullnessRCM radiographic contrast media
right costal marginRCT randomized controlled trialR&D research and developmentRDA recommended daily allowanceRDI recommended daily intakeRDM readmissionRDS respiratory distress syndromeRDW red cell distribution widthRE reticuloendothelial
right earright eye
REC recommendrec recombinantREE resting energy expenditureref referencereg regularregurg regurgitationrehab rehabilitationREM rapid eye movement (sleep)
remissionrem removalrep repeat
reportRES reticulo-endothelial systemresp respiration
RF renal failurerheumatic fever
Rh Rhesus factor in bloodrhodium (metallic element)
RH relative humidityreleasing hormoneright hand
RHA right hepatic arteryRHB right heart bypassRHD rheumatic heart diseaseRHF rheumatic heart failurerHuEPO recombinant human
erythropoietinRI regular insulinRIA radioimmunoassayRICU respiratory intensive care unitRID radial immunodiffusionRIF right iliac fossa
rifampicin (rifampin)RIH right inguinal hernia
RIND radioactive iodinated serum albumin
RIST radioimmunosorbent assayRLD related living donorRLE right lower extremityRLL right lower lobe (of lung)RLQ right lower quadrant (of
abdomen)RLS Ringer’s lactate solutionRM radical mastectomyRML right middle lobe (of lung)RMR resting metabolic rateRN registered nurseRNA ribonucleic acidR/O, RO rule outRO routine orderROM range of motion
right otitis mediarupture of membrane
ROS review of systemsreview of symptoms
RP refractory periodrest pain
RPF renal plasma flowrpm revolutions per minuteRPR rapid plasma regain (test for
syphilis)RPTA renal percutaneous
transluminal anhioplastyRR respiratory rate
recovery roomR&R rate and rhythmRRE regular, round and equal
(pupils)RRF residual renal functionRRR regular rate and rhythmRS respiratory sounds
response to stimulusRSA reticulum cell sarcoma
RSR regular sinus rhythmR/T related toRT radiation therapy
rectal temperaturert. rightRTA renal tubular acidosisRTC round the clockRTF respiratory tract fluidrtn. returnrtPA recombinant tissue
plasminogen activatorRU routine urinalysisRUE right upper extremityRUL right upper lid (eyelid)
right upper limbright upper lobe
rupt ruptureRUQ right upper quadrantRV right ventricle
8
RVH right ventricular hypertrophyRVMI right ventricle myocardial
infarctionRVP right ventricular pressureRVT renal vein thrombosisRx prescription
recipe (take)therapytreatment
rxn reactionRXT radiation therapy
S
S subjective sulfursine (Latin); without
S1-S5 sacral vertebra one though five
S1 first heart soundS2 second heart soundS3 third heart sound (ventricular
gallop)S4 fourth heart sound (atrial
gallop)SA salicylic acid
sinus arrhythmiasurface area
SA node sinoatrial node (pacemaker of heart)
S&A sugar and acetoneSAD seasonal affective disordersag sagittalSAH subarachnoid hemorrhagesat. saturatedSB sinus bradycardia
small bowelspina bifida (spinal dysraphism)stillbirth
Sb antimony (metallic element)
SBE shortness of breath on exertionsubacute bacterial endocarditis
SBO Small bowel obstructionSBP spontaneous bacterial
peritonitissystolic blood pressure
SC subcutaneousSCA sudden cardiac arrest
sickle-cell anemiaSCB strictly confined to bedSCC small cell carcinomaSCC(a) squamous cell carcinoma
SCI spinal cord injurySCID severe combined
immunodeficiencySCr serum creatinineSD senile dementia
septal defectspontaneous deliverysurgical drain
SDH subdural hematomaSDS sudden death syndromeSE side effect
stool examinationstandard errorstatus epilepticus
Se selenium (nonmetallic element)
sec secondSED sedimentationsegs segmented (of neutrophils)SEM systolic ejection murmursemf seminal fluidSEMI subendocardial myocardial
infarctionSEP systolic ejection periodSER sensory evoked response
systolic injection rateSF scarlet fever
spinal fluidsugar-freesynovial fluid
SG serum glucoseskin graft
S/G Swan-Ganz (catheter)sg specific gravitySGA small for gestational age
(infant)SGOT serum glutamic-oxalacetic
transaminase. See: ASTSGPT serum glutamic-pyruvic
transaminase. See: ALTSH social historyS&H speech and hearingSHEENT skin, head, eyes, ears, nose
and throatSI International system of unitSIADH syndrome of inappropriate
antidiuretic hormone secretion.
SIDS sudden infant death syndromeSig Signetur (Latin); let it be
labeled
SJS Stevens-Johnson syndromeStiff-joint syndrome
SK streptokinaseS/L, SL sublingualSLE systemic lupus erythematosusSm smallSMR severe mental retardation
submucosal resectionSn tinSNB scalence node biopsySNGFR single nephron glomerular
filtration rateSNP sodium nitroprussideSOAP subjective, objective,
assessment, and plan SOB shortness of breathsol soluble, solutionsoln solutionsolv solventSOM serious otitis mediaSOP standard operating procedures.o.s si opus sit (Latin); if
neccessaryS/P status post (post disease
condition)S&P staging and prognosisspec. specimenSPF specific-pathogen free
(breeding colonies)split products of fibrinsun-protection fiber
sp fl spinal fluidsp gr specific gravitySQ subcutaneousSR sedimentation rate
sinus rhythmsustained releasesystem review
SRH somatotropin-releasing hormone
SRS-A slow reacting substance of anaphylaxis
SS halfsaline solutionsliding scale
S&S signs and symptomsS/S, SAS
signs and symptoms. Syn SAS
SSE saline solution of enemaSSKI saturated solution of
potassium iodideSSPE subacute sclerosing
panencephalitisSSRI selective serotonin reuptake
inhibitorSSS sick sinus syndromeSSSS staphylococcal scaled skin
syndromeST sinus tachycardia
sedimentation timeStaph. StaphylococcusSTAT statim (Latin); immediately
STDs sexually transmitted diseasesstd standardSTF specific tube bleedingSTI soft tissue injurySTK streptokinaseSTL swelling, tenderness, limitationSTP standard temperature and
pressureStrep. streptococcus
streptomycinSTS serological test for syphilis
SUD sudden unexplained deathSUP superficial
superiorsupp. suppositorysurg. surgerySV seminal vessels
stroke volumesubclavian veinsupraventricular
SVA supraventricular arrhythmiaSVC superior vena cavaSVE upraventricular extrasystoleSVI stroke volume indexSVPB supraventricular premature
beatSVPC supraventricular contractionSVR supraventricular rhythm
systemic vascular resistanceSVT supra ventricular tachycardiaSWFI sterile water for injectionSx signs
surgerysymptoms
sym symmetricalsymptom
syn fl synovial fluidsyr. syrupsz seizureSZP schizophrenia
T
T tablespoon temperaturetendertime
t teaspoon (5 mL)t1/2 half-lifeT1-T12 first through twelvth thoracic
vertebraT3 triiodothyroxine (inhibit TSH
production)T4 levothyroxine (inhibits TSH
production)T&A tonsillectomy and
adenoidectomytonsils and adenoids
tab. tabletsTAF tumor activating factor
TAH total abdominal hysterectomyTALNI total axial lymph node
irradiationTAT tetanus antitoxinTB tuberculosis
tubercule bacillusTb terbium (rare metallic
element)TBA to be administerd
to be admittedTBC total body clearance
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TBG thyroxine binding proteinT bili total bilirubinTBM tubular basement membraneTBP total binding proteinTBR total body restTBS to be scheduledTBSA total body surface areatbsp tablespoon (15 mL)TBW total body water
total body weightTC throat culture
tissue cultureTc technetium (element)Tc toxic T cellsTCA tricyclic antidepressantT cell thymus-derived lymphocyteTCI transient cerebral ischemiaTCN tetracycline TD tardive dyskinesia
tetanus-diphtheriatoxic dosetransverse diameter (of head)treatment discontinue
Td tetanus-diphtheria (for adult)TD50 median toxic doseTDK tardive dyskinesiaTDM therapeutic drug monitoringTDT tentative discharge tomorrowTED thromboembolism diseasetemp temperatureTEN total enteral nutrition
toxic epidermal necrosisTEE transesophageal
echocardiogramtert tertiaryTF tube feedingTFA total fatty acidTFT thyroid function testTG triglyceride6-TG thioguanineTGT thromboplastin generation testTH total hysterectomy
thyroid hormoneTh thorium (radioactive metallic
element)THC transhepatic cholangiogram
tetrahydrocannabinolTHR total hip therapy
TI therapeutic indextricuspid insufficiency
Ti titanium (metallic element)TIA transient ischemic attackTIBC total iron binding capacitytid ter in die (Latin); three times a
day TIE transient ischemic episodeTIG tetanus immune globulin
tinct tinctureTIS tumor in situTIW three times per weekTKA total knee arthroplastyTKO to keep open (a vein to
receive intravenous fluids)TKR total knee replacementTKVO to keep vein openTL tubal ligationTi thallium (metallic element)TLC total lung capacity
total lymphocyte counttriple lumen catheter
TLS tumor lysis syndromeTM tympanic membraneTMJ temporomandibular jointTMP trimethoprimTMP/SMX
cotrimoxazole (trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole)
TMTC too many to countTMX tamoxifen (a nonsteroidal
antiestrogen)TNA total nutrition admixture TNF tumor necrosis factorTNI total nodule irradiationTOA tubo-ovarian abcesstomo tomographyTOPV trivalent oral polio vaccinetoxo toxoplasmosisTP temperature
total proteintPA tissue plasminogen activatorTPA Tryponema pallidum
agglutinationTPN total parenteral nutritionTP&P time place and personTPR temperature, pulse, and
respirationtotal peripheral resistance
TQ TourniquetTRF thyrotropin releasing factorTRH thyrotropin releasing hormoneTRUS transrectal ultrasoundT-set tracheotomy setTSP tricep skin foldTSH thyroid-stimulating hormoneTSP total serum proteintsp. teaspoonful (5 mL)
T-spine thoracic spineTT tetanus toxoid
thrombn timetranstracheal
T&T touch and toneTTNA through the skin
transthoracic needle aspirationTTS transdermal therapeutic
system
TTP thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura
T-tube tracheostomy tubeTU transurethral
tuberculin unitsTUBO transurethral ballon dilationTUN total urinary nitrogenTUR transurethral resectionturb turbidityTUR-BT transurethral resection bladder
tumorTURP transurethral resection of the
prostrateTV tidal volume
tricuspid (right atrioventricular) valve
TW tapewormTWBC total white cell countTx therapy
transfertransplanttreatment
T&X type and crossmatchTxA thromboxanetyp typical
U
U ureaurologyunknownunit
UA ultrasound arteriographyuric acidurine analysis
U/A urine analysisUAO upper airway obstructionUB urinary bladderUBG urobilinogenUC ulcerative colitis
urine cultureU/C urine cultureU&C urethral and cervical
usual and customaryUCD urine collection deviceUCG urinary chorionic gonadotropinUCHD usual childhood diseaseUDP uridine diphosphateUE upper extremityU&E urea and electrolytes
UES upper esophageal sphincterUGI upper gastrointestinal (tracks)UGIB upper gastrointestinal bleedingUGIH upper gastrointestinal
hemorrhageUH umbilical herniaU24H 24-hours urine specimenUIBC unsaturated iron-binding
capacity
UIQ upper inner quadrantUK unknown
urokinaseUL undifferentiated lymphomaU&L upper and lowerULQ upper left quadrantUmb umbilicalUN urea nitrogenUNK unknownung unguentum (Latin); ointmentUO urine outputUOQ upper outer quadrant (of
breast)Uosm urine osmolarityU/P urine to plasma ratioUPT urinary pregnancy testURI upper respiratory tract
infectionurol urologyURQ upper right quadrantURTI upper respiratory tract
infectionUS ultrasound
urinary sugarU/S ultrasoundUSB upper sternal borderUSN ultrasonic nebulizersUTD up to dateUTI urinary tract infectionUV ultravioletUVA ultraviolet light A (320-400nm)UVB ultraviolet light B (290-320nm;
sunburn spectrum)UVC ultraviolet light C (10-290nm)
V
V vanadium (a rare metallic element)veinvelocityvomiting
v veinVA visual acuityvac. vaccinevag. vaginaVAPP vaccine-associated paralytic
poliomyelitisvar. variant
variationvas vas deferens (deferent duct)vasc. vascular
VAS RAD
vascular radiology
vas x vasectomyVBG venous blood gasVBL vinblastineVC vena cava
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vital capacity (of lung)vocal cord
V/C ventilation-circulation ratioVCA viral capsid antigenVCG vactocardiographyVCR vincristineVCT venous clotting timeVD vaginal delivery
vasodilationvenereal disease
V&D vomiting and diarrheaVdg voidingVDH vascular disease of the heartVDRL Venereal Disease Research
Laboratory (test for syphilis)VEF ventricular ejection fractionvent. ventricularVER visual evoked responseVF ventricular fibrillation
ventricular fluttervisual field
V Fib ventricular fibrillationVHD valvular heart disease
ventricular heart diseaseVHDL very high density proteinvib vibrationVIG vaccine immune globulinVIP vasoactive intestinal peptide
very important peoplevoluntary interruption of pregnancy
vir virulentvis visionvit vitaminVLDL very low density lipoproteinVM26 teniposideVO verbal orderVO2 oxygen consumptionvol. volumeVP venous pressureV/P ventilation and perfusionVP16 etoposideVPB ventricular premature beatVPC ventricular premature
contractionsVQ ventilation perfusionVRI viral respiratory infectionV/S vital signsvs versus
vital signsVSD ventricular septal defectVSS vital sign stable
VT venous thrombosisventricular tachycardia
VT/VF ventricular tachycardia/ventricular fibrillation
VTE venous thromboembolismVTX vertexvv varicose veinsvWD von Willebrand’s diseasevWF von Willebrand’s factorVZIG Varicella zoster immune
globulinVZV Varicella zoster virus
W
W weekwidth
w/ withw/a when awakeWA while awakeW&A weakness and atrophyWAF weakness, atrophy, and
fasciculationWB weight bearing
whole bloodWBC white blood cellWBN whole blood nitrogenWC white count
whooping countWD well developedW/D wet and dryWDL well differentiated lymphocyteWE weekend
Wernicke’s encephalopathyWestern encephalitisWestern encephalomyelitis
W/F weakness and fatigueWHVP wedge hepatic venous
pressureW&I wounds and unjurieswk. weekWN well nourishedWND woundWNL within normal limitsw/o water in oil
withoutWPW Wolff-Parkinson-White
(syndrome)wt weightW/U work upW/V weight of solute to volume of
solvent ratioW/W weight of solute to weight of
solution ratio
X
X crosscrossmatchtimes
Xa chiasmaXR roentgen ray
x-ray
XRT r-ray (radiation) therapy
Y
Yb yttrium (rare metallic element)yd yardy/o years oldyr year
Z
Z/D zero defectsZDV ZidovudineZ-E Zollinger-Ellison (syndrome)ZES Zollinger-Ellison syndromeZIG zoster immunoglobulinZn zinc
11
