A&P Ch7 Practice Test - Mrs. Johnson's Science

Name: ___________________________________________ A&P Chapter 7 Practice Test p. 1

1. _______________________________________ Bundle of muscle fibers

2. _______________________________________ Cell membrane of the muscle fiber

3. _______________________________________ Cytoplasm of the muscle fiber

4. _______________________________________ Specialized endoplasmic reticulum of the muscle cells

5. _______________________________________ thread-like structures which have a contractile function

6. _______________________________________ structural unit of a myofibril in striated muscle

7. _______________________________________ regulatory protein that binds to actin, tropomyosin, and calcium

8. _______________________________________ specialized nerve cells that stimulate muscles to contract

9. _______________________________________ a single quick, jerky muscular contraction from a single nerve impulse followed by relaxation.

10. ____________________________________________________asustainedmuscularcontractionresultingfromarapidseriesofnerveimpulses.

11. ____________________________________________________painful,spasticcontractionofamuscleForeachofthefollowingwritesmoothmuscle,cardiacmuscle,orskeletalmuscle12. ___________________________________________________muscletissuefoundonlyintheheart

13. ___________________________________________________voluntarymuscletissue

14. ___________________________________________________muscletissuethatcontractsinthegutorvisceralorgans

15. ___________________________________________________muscletissuewithbranchingcells,intercalateddiscs

16. ___________________________________________________performsveryslow,sometimesrhythmiccontractions

17. ___________________________________________________muscletissuemaintainspostureandstabilizesjoints.


18. __________Theepimysiumisrepresentedbya. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

19. __________Theperimysiumisrepresentedby

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

20. __________Themusclefiber(cell)isindicatedby

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

21. __________Theendomysiumisindicatedby

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

22. ___________ Endomysium covers

a. Fascicles of muscle cells b. An entire muscle c. An individual muscle cell d. Myofibrils

23. ___________ Which type of muscle tissue contracts most quickly upon stimulation?

a. Skeletal b. Visceral c. Cardiac d. Smooth

24. __________Connectivetissuethatsurroundsthefasciculiiscalled

a. Perimysiumb. Endomysiumc. Fasciad. Fasciculie. Microfibrils

25. __________The__________isattachedtothebonesviatendons

a. Myofilamentb. Myofibrilc. Musclefiberd. Musclefasciculuse. Wholeskeletalmuscle


26. __________TheIbandwithinaskeletalmusclefiberisindicatedby___________.a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

27. __________TheAbandwithinaskeletalmusclefiberisindicatedby

a.Ab.Bc.Cd.D

28. __________TheHzoneisindicatedbya. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

29. __________Themyofilamentcomposedofactinisindicatedby

a. Ab. Bc. Cd. D

30. __________When a skeletal muscle is fully contracted, the __________ are closer together

a. Z disks b. M lines c. Cross bridges d. A bands

31. __________ Which of the following is composed of myosin protein?

a. Thick filaments b. Thin filaments c. All myofilaments d. Z disks

32. __________ Which of the following can actually shorten during a muscle contraction? a. Myosin filament b. A band c. Actin filament d. Sarcomere


33. __________ A skeletal muscle twitch differs from tetanus in that

a. The muscle twitch is a brief and “jerky” movement, while tetanus is smooth and continuous. b. The tetanus is caused by a single stimulus, while the twitch results from multiple, very rapid stimuli c. The muscle twitch is prolonged and continuous, while tetanus is brief and “jerky” d. Muscle twitches only occur in small muscles while tetanus occurs in large muscles.

34. __________.The__________isthefunctionalunitofskeletalmusclebecauseitisthesmallestportionof

theskeletalmusclecapableof__________.a. Musclefiber,receivingastimulusb. Musclefiber,contractingc. Sarcomere,contractingd. Sarcomere,receivingastimuluse. Myofibril,contracting

35. __________Acetylcholine

a. Istheneurotransmitterattheneuromuscularjunctionb. Isbrokendownbyacetylcholinesterasec. Bindstoreceptorsonthemusclecellmembraned. Causesaninfluxofsodiumionsintothemusclecellwhenboundtoitsreceptore. Hasallofthesecharacteristics

36. __________Actinmyofilaments

a. Resemblebundlesofminutegolfclubsb. AreattachedtoZlinesatoneendc. FormtheIbandwhereactinoverlapswithmyosinmyofilamentsd. Formtheepimysiume. Haveallofthesecharacteristics

37. __________onactinare__________molecules.

a. Troponinb. Tropomyosinc. Titind. Myosin

38. __________ The letter A in this figure represents the

a. Action potential b. Synaptic vesicles c. Acetylcholine molecules d. Synaptic cleft e. Sodium ion

39. ___________ The letter B in this figure represents

a. Action potential b. Synaptic vesicles c. Acetylcholine molecules d. Synaptic cleft e. Sodium ions


40. __________ Which of the following statements is FALSE? a. The resting potential of a cell develops because the cell membrane is more permeable to K+ than it is to

most other ions. b. The concentration of Na+ is higher inside the cell than outside c. Potassium ions only diffuse down their gradient until the charge difference across the membrane is

great enough (electrical equilibrium) to prevent additional diffusion d. Potassium’s tendency to diffuse out is opposed by the attractive forces of the negative charge inside the

cell. e. The sodium-potassium exchange pump maintains the normal resting concentration of ions on either

side of the cell membrane

41. __________ What would happen if the cell membrane suddenly became impermeable to K+ ions? a. The outside of the cell membrane would become more positively charged b. The cell would become more negatively charged c. The cell would become more positively charged d. The cell would depolarize e. The outside of the cell membrane would become more positively charged and the cell would

depolarize are both correct

42. __________ In a resting cell, K+ ions have a higher concentration __________ the cell, which results in the net movement of K+ __________ of the cell. a. Inside; out b. Outside; into c. Inside; into d. Outside; out

43. __________ Curare is a poison used by South American Indians. It is known to bind to ACh receptors preventing the binding of ACh. What effect would it have on muscle function? a. The muscle fibers would contract uncontrollably and continually. b. The muscle fibers would not contract c. The pre-synaptic release of ACh would be inhibited, therefore the muscle would not contract d. The action of acetylcholinesterase would be inhibited causing increased contraction e. Both the muscle fibers would contract uncontrollably and continually and the action of

acetylcholinesterase would be inhibited causing increased contraction would occur.

44. __________ ATP a. attaches to the myosin myofilaments b. provides energy for the movement of the cross-bridges c. is required for muscle relaxation d. all of the above e. none of the above

45. __________ The biceps brachii muscle and the triceps brachii muscle

a. Are synergists b. Are antagonists c. Both flex the forearm d. Are both antagonists and flexors of the forearm e. Are both synergists and flexors of the forearm


46. __________ Muscles are named according to their a. Function or action b. Origin or insertion point c. Size or shape d. Location or number of heads e. All of the above

47. ___________ muscles that work together to cause movement are called

a. Origins b. Insertions c. Synergists d. Antagonists e. Prime movers

48. __________ the muscle in a group that plays a major role in desired movement

a. Origin b. Insertion c. Agonist d. Antagonist e. Prime mover

49. __________ The muscle that works in opposition to another muscle is the


50. ___________ The end of the muscle attached to a bone undergoing the greatest movement


51. __________ The characteristic that allows muscles to have a slow, smooth, sustained contraction is

a. The all-or-none response b. Temporal summation c. Recruitment of motor units d. Rigor mortis e. None of the above

52. __________ The condition in which a muscle remains contracted between stimuli without relaxing is called

a. recruitment b. tetanus c. the all-or-none response d. a motor unit e. lag phase


53. __________ A single motor neuron and all the skeletal muscle fibers it innervates is called a a. neuromuscular junction b. synaptic cleft c. motor unit d. synapse e. presynaptic terminal

54. ___________ Contractibility is the ability of skeletal muscle to

a. Shorten with force b. Lengthen passively c. Respond to a stimulus d. Recoil to their original resting length e. Be stretched

55. __________ Extensibility is the ability of skeletal muscle

a. Shorten with force b. Respond to a stimulus c. Recoil to their original resting length d. Be stretched e. None of the above

56. __________ Elasticity is the ability of skeletal muscle to

a. Shorten with force b. Lengthen passively c. Respond to stimulus d. Recoil to their original resting length e. Generate new collagen fibers

57. __________ Which of the following motor units would allow for greater muscular control?

a. a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and five muscle fibers. b. a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and ten muscle fibers. c. a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and twenty muscle fibers. d. a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and one hundred muscle fibers. E. a motor unit made up of a motor neuron and one thousand muscle fibers.

58. __________ The constant tension produced by muscles for long periods of time is ___________.

a. potential energy b. muscle tone c. myofibril energy d. muscle energy


59. Listfourthefunctionsofthemuscularsystem____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

60. Putthefollowingstepsinorderbylistingtheletters

A. TheinsideofthecellbecomesmorenegativethantheoutsideB. TheinsideofthecellbecomesmorepositivethantheoutsideofthecellC. Na+moleculesquicklyflowdownthegradientintothecellD. TheadditionalK+channelscloseE. TheNa+channelsclose,additionalK+channelsopenF. Na+channelsopenG. K+flowsoutofthecell

__________, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________, __________

61. Put the following steps in order by listing the letters

A. ATP molecules are broken down into ADP and release energy B. the calcium flowing inside the neuron causes acetylcholine to be released into the synaptic

cleft C. An action potential gets to the end of a motor neuron. D. T tubules to release calcium into the sarcomere. E. the heads of the myosin bend, causing the actin to slide past the myosin. F. the Calcium binds to troponin, causing it to move away from the myosin attachment site. G. the Na+ in the muscle fiber start an action potential that travels down the sarcolemma

(muscle cell membrane) and along the T tubes H. the acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft cause Na+ to diffuse into the muscle fiber I. Calcium channels to open resulting in calcium flowing into the neuron

________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________, ________

Name: ___________________________________________ A&P Chapter 7 Practice Test p. 9 Matching

62. __________ unipennate

63. __________ bipennate

64. __________ multipennate

65. __________ spiral

66. __________ cruciate

67. __________ digastric

68. __________ circular

69. __________ bicipital

70. __________ tricipital

71. __________ quadricipital 72. __________ strap

A

B C

D E

F G H

1. Fascicle 2. Sarcolemma 3. Sarcoplasm 4. Sarcoplasmic reticulum 5. Myofibrils 6. Sarcomere 7. Troponin 8. Motor neuron 9. Twitch 10. Tetanus 11. Cramp 12. Cardiac 13. Skeletal 14. Smooth 15. Cardiac 16. Smooth 17. Skeletal 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. B++ 22. C. an individual muscle cell 23. A. skeletal 24. A. perimysium 25. E. whole skeletal muscle 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. A. Z disks 31. A. thick filaments 32. D. sarcomere 33. A. a muscle twitch is brief and “jerky” movement, while tetanus is smooth and

continuous 34. C. sarcomere, contracting 35. E. has all of these characteristics 36. B. are attached to the Z lines at one end 37. A. troponin 38. D. synaptic cleft 39. E. sodium ions 40. B. The concentration of Na+ is higher on the inside of the cell than outside 41. C. the cell would become more positively charged 42. A. inside; out 43. B. the muscle fibers would not contract

44. E. has all those characteristics 45. B. Are antagonists 46. E. All of the above 47. C. synergists 48. E. prime mover 49. D. antagonist 50. B. insertion 51. C. recruitment of motor units 52. B. tetanus 53. C. motor unit 54. A. shorten with force 55. C. respond to a timulus 56. D. recoil to their original resting length 57. A. a motor unit made up of a motor bneuron and five muscle fibers 58. B. muscle tone 59. Any four of the following

Movement of the body Maintenance of posture Respiration Production of body heat Commu8nication Constriction of organs and vessels Contraction of the heart

60. F, C, B, E, G, A, D 61. C, I, B, H, G, D, F, A, E 62. F 63. I 64. J 65. K 66. G 67. D 68. B 69. C 70. E 71. H 72. A

I J K

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A&P Ch7 Practice Test - Mrs. Johnson's Science