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A2Z about India

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Agriculture & Irrigation• 2nd world wide in farm output• Word’s largest producer of Fruit Fresh, Lemons, Buffalo milk, Castor

oil seed, Safflower seed, Spices, Bananas, Mangoes, guavas, Pulses,Buffalo Meat, Papayas, Chillies, peppers, Goat milk

• Second largest producer of Wheat, Rice, Vegetables fresh, Sugarcane, Groundnuts, Lentils, Garlic, Cauliflowers, broccoli, Peas,Cashew nuts, Cow milk, Tea, Potatoes, Onions, Cotton, Goat Meat

• 3rd largest fishing industry• 39% of cultivated area is irrigated• 14% GDP is from agriculture• 38% population is engaged in agriculture• 3rd in Dam building, more than 4000 dams

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Budget, Taxation & GDP• GDP $1727 Billion• Individual Income tax highest slab 30%• Corporate Income Tax highest slab 35%• Yearly budget is $ 300 billion• Major taxes Income tax, VAT, Service Tax, Custom Duty,

Wealth Tax etc.

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Capital & Major Cities

• Capital – Delhi• Major cities - Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Hyderabad,

Ahmedabad, Surat, Pune, Kanpur, Lucknow, Kolkata, Jaipur, Bhopal,Patna, Chandigarh, Bhuvaneshwar, Raipur, Dehradun

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Defence

• Army – 1.1 million• Navy – 100,000• Air – 270,000• Nuclear Capabilities• Defense budget $ 41b

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Economy & Currency

• IRS – Indian Rupees• Ninth largest in GDP• 3rd largest in purchasing power parity• 14th largest exporter• 11th largest importer

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Flag

• The 3 colors of flag – Orange symbolism for courage& sacrifice, White symbolism for peace, unity &truth and Green symbolism for culture & fertility.

• Blue wheel of 24 strokes symbolism for 24 hrs a day.

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Geographical Location

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• India a country in South Asia that lies entirely on Indian Plate innorthern portion of the Indo Australian Plate.

• India lies to the north of the equator between 8°4' and 37°6' northlatitude and 68°7' and 97°25' east longitude

• India is seventh largest country in the world, with a total land areaof 3,287,263 square kilometers

• Time Zone – India Standard Time is 5 hrs. 30 minute ahead ofGreenwich Mean Time (GMT)



Holidays & Festivals• Popular festivals in India

Independence Day (15 August)Republic Day (26 January)DiwaliDussehra/ Navratri DurgautsavGanesh Chaturthi/ GaneshutsavHoliId-E-Milad, Bakri IdMoharamChristmasBuddha Purnima

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Infrastructure

• Roads - one of the three largest road network in the world.343 National Highways constitute 65569 kms

• Railways – 5th largest & busiest network in the world in terms of tracklength 108706 kms.

• Telecom – 7th Largest in the world. Total No. of telephones in countrystands at 914.59 million. Total No. of mobile phone subscribers 881.40million

• Aviation – Total Airports 80• Ports – There are 11 major ports.

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Judiciary System

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President

Supreme Court

High Court

District Courts

Indian Judiciary is partly a continuation

of the British legal system established

by the English in the mid-19th century

based on a typical hybrid legal system.

The Constitution of India is the

supreme legal document of the country.

There are various levels of judiciary in

India. They form a strict hierarchy of

importance, with the Supreme Court of

India at the top, followed by High Court

of respective states with district judges

sitting in District Courts and Magistrates

of Second Class and Civil Judge (Junior

Division) at the bottom. The Indian

judiciary is independent of the executive

and legislative branches of government

according to the Constitution.



King & Team

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President Smt. Pratibha Devisingh Patil

Vice President Shri M Hamid Ansari

Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh

Home Minister Shri P Chidambaram

Defence Minister Shri A K Antony

Finance Minister Shri Pranab Mukherjee



Language• Most commonly spoken – Hindi (National language)& English• Being different cultures, religions, and beliefs, 18 major

languages are spoken in India as given below:

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1 Hindi 10 Oriya

2 English 11 Sanskrit

3 Marathi 12 Kannad

4 Gujarati 13 Tamil

5 Panjabi 14 Telgu

6 Bengali 15 Malayalam

7 Assami 16 Sindhi

8 Kashmiri 17 Konkani

9 Urdu 18 Manipuri



Manufacturing

• Goods manufactured in India - Fabrics & textiles, woolen, jute, rubber,sugar, tea, coffee, dairy products, edible oil, steel, electrical & electronics,Plastic Products, cosmetics, railway, shipping, aviation, Cars, Trucks,Computers, foods & beverages, footwears, Art & crafts etc.

• 2nd largest producer of sugar• 3rd largest producer of pharmaceuticals.

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Natural Resources

• Coal – 4th largest reserves in world.• Iron ore, bauxite, copper ore, Manganese, Mica, Diamond,

Bauxite, Titanium ore, Chromite, Natural gas Limestone etc.• Rivers• Forests – Estimated area covered by forest is 68 million hectares,

or about 20 percent of country's area.

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Organizational Structure• There is electrol system in India. Election enables every adult (adult age 18 years)

citizen of country to participate in formation of government by casting their votes.

• India has a parliamentary system of government comprising of three branches:

executive, legislative (parliament) & judiciary.

• Parliament consists of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and President.

• Central Government is governing authority of 28 states and seven union

territories

• By 73rd and 74th amendments to constitution, Panchayat Raj has

been institutionalized for local governance.

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Population

• Population - 1171 million (2010)• Literacy - 74.4%• Below poverty line - 37.2%• Sex ratio - 940 females per 1000 males• Population in Rural – 68.84%• Population in Urban – 31.16%

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Quarrel & War

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• 1947 India – Pakistan• 1965 India – Pakistan• 1999 Indian – Pakistan (Kargil War)

• 1962 India - China

• 1971 India – Bangladesh



Religion

Hindu 80.5%

Muslim 13.4%

Christian 2.3%

Sikh 1.9%

Buddha 0.8%

Jain 0.4%

Others 0.6%

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Religion wise Population (2001) :



Sports• Cricket – India won World Cup 1983 & 2011• Hockey – 10th Rank in Men’s hockey & 13th Rank in Women• Badminton – 5th Rank in women's singles• Vollyball – 30th Rank in world• Table tennis – Sania Mirza (Top 30 WTA Ranking)• Kabaddi – Won World Championship in 2007• Boxing – Vijendra Singh an Olympic Medalist• Football• Chess – Vishwanath Anand 4th highest rated player

in the world• Shooting – Abhinav Bindra Gold medalist (2008).

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Tourism• Indian tourism industry contributes 6.23% to National GDP and

8.78% of the total employment in India• In 2010, 25.8 million foreign tourists visited India• Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya

Pradesh, Maharashtra are the top states to receive inboundtourists

• Some attractive spots in India –• Religious : Rishikesh, Kedarnath, Haridwar, Gangotri, Badrinath,

Mathura, Ayodhya, Tryambkeshwar, Ujjain.• Heritage : Taj Mahal, Qutub Minar, Amritsar, Khajuraho, Ajanta

Ellora caves, Sun Temple Konark, Agra Fort, Red Fort, Sanchi Stup• Hill Stations : Darjeeling, Kodaikanal, Khandala, Manali, Mount

Abu Mussorie, Nainital, Ooty, Shimla.• Top 6 Beaches : Varkala, Gokarna, Palolem, Baga, Marari,

Mahabalipuram• The majority of foreign tourists come from USA and UK.

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Unemployment

• Unemployment 9.4% (2009-10)• A majority of the estimated unemployed persons is

in the rural sector.

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Visa & Immigration (www.india.gov.in)

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• Immigration services handled by Bureau of Immigration in 7major cities – Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Amritsar,Bangalore & Hyderabad.

• Different Type of Visas : Tourist Visa, Business Visa, JournalistVisa, Conference Visa, Transit visa, Entry Visa, EmploymentVisa, Student Visa, Missionarie Visa, Sports Visa and ResearchVisa.

• Different foreign embassies’ offices are in New Delhi, India(Refer www.india.gov.in).

• Indian embassies in different countries(Refer www.india.gov.in)


http://www.india.gov.in/

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Weather• India is famous for its diverse climatic features.

India climate can be categorized as :

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Season’s Name TenureWinter January and FebruarySummer March to MayMonsoon June to SeptemberPost Monsoon October to December

• Temperatures ever recorded :-Highest 51.1oC (Purulia West Bengal 18-6-2005)Lowest –33.9 oC (Ladakh 22-3-1911)



Xplore

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In India, there are lot of things to explore from tourism, nature,heritage, religion etc.



Year BookIndia is ancient society. History of India begins with the birth ofthe Indus Valley Civilization in such sites as Mohenjo-Daro,Harappa, and the coming of the Aryans.India had many kings and rulers like Gupta, Maurya, Maratha,Moghal, Portuguese, British.Mughal Empire in India (1526 - 1857)British Ruled India (1757 -1947)India earned its independence from the British on 15th August1947.India adopted its constitution on 26th January 1950 as theRepublic Day of India

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Zones & Zip Codes

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• India is a federal union of states comprising twenty-eight statesand seven union territories.

• There are 9 PIN zones in India. PIN stands for PostalIndex Number & the number code is 6 digit long. It wasfirst introduced in August 15, 1972.

• 9 Pin Zones are –1. Delhi, Haryana, Punjab, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Chandigarh2. Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand3. Rajasthan, Gujarat, Daman & Diu, Dadra & Nagar Haveli4. Goa, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh5. Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka6. Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Pondicherry, Lakshadweep7. Orissa, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram,

Tripura, Meghalaya, Andaman & Nicobar Islands8. Bihar, Jharkhand9. Army Post Office( APO) & Field Post Office (FPO)


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A2Z about India - hemantlodha.comhemantlodha.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/10/India.pdflength 108706 kms. • Telecom – 7th ... importance, with the Supreme Court of India at the top,