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A widespread family of polymorphic contact-dependent toxin delivery systems
in bacteriaStephanie K. Aoki1, Elie J. Diner2, Claire t’Kint de Roodenbeke1,
Brandt R. Burgess1, Stephen J. Poole1, Bruce A. Braaten1,Allison M. Jones1, Julia S. Webb1, Christopher S. Hayes1,2, Peggy
A. Cotter1,2*| & David A. Low1,2*
1Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California – Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625,
USA. 2Biomolecular Science and Engineering Program, University of California – Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, California 93106-9625,
USA.
Nature 18 November 2010, 468 p439-442.
Contact-dependent Inhibition systems
See also: Stephanie K. Aoki et al. (2010). Nature 18 November, vol 468 p439-442.
Science 2 December 2010.
Dr. Felisa Wolfe-Simon
Mono lake, California
Hamonas sp. (halophilic Proteobacteria) bacteria with large vacuoles that may sequester arsenic.
Vertical ‘walking’ Horizontal ‘crawling’
Science 8 October 2010, vol 330 p197.
The symbiotic bacteria Buchnera are located in specialized cells called bacteriocytes (shown green in figure) in the aphid body cavity. [Drawing by Tomás Lazo]
FISH micrograph of sectioned black bean aphid Aphis fabae hybridized with FITC-labelled DNA probe specific to 16S rRNA of Buchnera (green), with the DNA stain DAPI (blue) as counterstain. [Micrograph by Simon Chandler]
Bacteriocytes in body cavity of aphids.
Buchnera aphidicola
Regiella insecticola
Symbiotic Bacterium Modifies Aphid Body Color
Tsutomu Tsuchida,1*† Ryuichi Koga,2† Mitsuyo Horikawa,3 Tetsuto Tsunoda,3 Takashi Maoka,4 Shogo Matsumoto,1 Jean-Christophe
Simon,5 Takema Fukatsu2*
Science 19 November 2010, 330 p1102-1104.
Science 3 September 2010, 329 p1197-1201.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenze, and Neisseria meningitidis are human host-specific, specialized mucosal colonizers that recognize and bind to human carcino-embryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules (CEACAMd).
Mucosal cell
Neisseriagonorrhoeae
CEACAMTGFbR
CD105 TGFb
b1 Integrin
Activatedb1 Integrin
Inside-out signaling.
Extracellular Matrix
24 h infection of vaginal epithelium with N. gonorrhoeae
triggers exfoliation of epithelium.
Bart Knols, medical entomologist University of Wageningen, the Netherlands and 2006 Ig Noble winner awarded the Eijkman Medal 2007 for their combined 20 years of research into insects that transfer tropical infectious diseases, like malaria
Inoculation of Limburger cheese with Brevibacterium linens.
Bart Knols. University of Wageningen
?
Methane production in anaerobic sludge.
Vaccine targets gut reaction to calm livestock wind.
Nature 13 May 2004, vol 429 p119.
Eurosurveillance, Volume 15, Issue 2, 14 January 2010 Rapid communications
An outbreak of infection with Bacillus anthracis in injecting drug users in ScotlandC N Ramsay ()1, A Stirling2, J Smith2, G Hawkins1, T Brooks3, J Hood4, G Penrice2, L M Browning1, S Ahmed2, on behalf of the NHS GGC2, on behalf of the Scottish National Outbreak Control Teams1
January 14, 201014 cases, 7 died.
H2S + HNO3 H2SO4 + NH3
Thioploca chilae
Thiomargaritha namibiensis
Thioploca chilae microbial mat (continental shelf coast of Chile 132,000 km2)
DistributionTiomargaritha namibiensis
along coast of Namibie
Acetate
Epithelial cells
Bifidobacterium
carbohydrates
E. coli O157
Stx1/Stx2
Enhanced growth of S. typhymurium in the gut lumen and competitive advantage.
(1o electron donor)
S4O6=
2 S2O3= (4xS = +8)
(4xS = +10)
2e-
(terminal electron acceptor)
Organics
2H2S2O3
H2S
H2S4O6
Microbiota
Intestinal epithelial cells
Salmonella-induced inflammation
Salmonella
Neutrophils
thiosulfate tetrathionate
Nature 30 August 2012 vol. 488 p621-626.
Nature 18 July 2013 vol 499 p350-354.
Nature 18 July 2013 vol 499 p350-354.
Nature 2 April 2015 vol 520 p99-103.
Nature 2 April 2015 vol 520 p99-103.
Science 3 December 2010, 330 p1413-1415.
Co-culture of Geobacter metalloreducens (green) and Geobacter sulfurreducens (red).
CH3CH2OH
CH3CHO
CH3COOH
H2
H2
2 H2 + 2 SO4= 2 H2S
2 H2 + 2 S 2 H2S
2 H2 + CO2 CH4 + H2O
Sulfate Reducers
Sulfur Reducers
Methanogens
Endergonic reaction
CH3CH2OH 2 CO2 + H2O
Exergonic process
Ethanol
Acetate
Succinate
Fumarate
e-
OmcS
Geobacter metallireducens Geobacter sulfurreducens
pili
Nature
April 13, 2006
P918.
An environmental bacterial taxon with a large and distinct metabolic repertoire
Micheal C. Wilson, Tetsushi Mori, Christian Ruckert, Agustinus R. Uria, Maximilian J. Helf, Kentaro Takada, Christine Gernert, Ursula A. E. Steffens, Nina Heycke, Susanne Schmitt, Christian Rinke, Eric J. N. Helfrich, Alexander O. Brachmann, Cristian Gurgui, Toshiyuki Wakimoto, Matthias Kracht, Max Crusemann, Ute
Hentschel, Ikuro Abe9, Shigeki Matsunaga, Jorn Kalinowski, Haruko Takeyama & Jorn Piel.
Nature 6 February 2014 vol 506 p58-62.
Sponge: Theonella swinhoei Endotheonella sp.
Mycorrhiza-mediated competition between plants and decomposers drives
soil carbon storage
Colin Averill, Benjamin L. Turner & Adrien C. Finzi.
Nature 23 January 2014 vol 506 p543-545.
Bacterial Vesicles in Marine Ecosystems
Steven J. Biller, Florence Schubotz, Sara E. Roggensack, Anne W. Thompson, Roger E.
Summons, Sallie W. Chisholm.
Science 10 January 2014 vol 343 p183-186.
Multipurpose vesicles.Biller et al. show that Prochlorococcus produce vesicles that may play functional roles in defending against viral attack, interactions between heterotrophs and
Prochlorococcus, and horizontal gene transfer.
D Scanlan Science 2014;343:143-144
Published by AAAS