A Week #1 Draft

8/8/2019 A Week #1 Draft

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The Periodic TableA map of the building block of matter.

1

IA

18

VIIIA

11

H1.00797

2

IIAPeriodic Table 13

IIIA

14

IVA

15

VA

16

VIA

17

VIIA

2

He4.0026

23

Li

6.939

4

Be

9.0122

5

B

10.811

6

C

12.0112

7

N

14.0067

8

O

15.9994

9

F

18.9984

10

Ne

20.179

311

Na22.9898

12

Mg24.305

3

IIIB

4

IVB

5

VB

6

VIB

7

VIIB

8 9

VIIIB

10 11

IB

12

IIB

13

Al26.9815

14

Si28.086

15

P30.9738

16

S32.064

17

Cl35.453

18

Ar39.948

419

K39.102

20

Ca40.08

21

Sc44.956

22

Ti47.90

23

V50.942

24

Cr51.996

25

Mn54.9380

26

Fe55.847

27

Co58.9332

28

Ni58.71

29

Cu63.54

30

Zn65.37

31

Ga65.37

32

Ge72.59

33

As74.9216

34

Se78.96

35

Br79.909

36

Kr83.80

537

Rb85.47

38

Sr87.62

39

Y88.905

40

Zr91.22

41

Nb92.906

42

Mo95.94

43

Tc[99]

44

Ru101.07

45

Rh102.905

46

Pd106.4

47

Ag107.870

48

Cd112.40

49

In114.82

50

Sn118.69

51

Sb121.75

52

Te127.60

53

I126.904

54

Xe131.30

655

Cs132.905

56

Ba137.34

57

La138.91

72

Hf178.49

73

Ta180.948

74

W183.85

75

Re186.2

76

Os190.2

77

Ir192.2

78

Pt195.09

79

Au196.967

80

Hg200.59

81

Tl204.37

82

Pb207.19

83

Bi208.980

84

Po[210]

85

At[210]

86

Rn[222]

787

Fr[223]

88

Ra[226]

89

Ac[227]

104

Ku[260]

105 106 107 108 109


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Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev

In 1869 Mendeleev publishedIn 1869 Mendeleev published

a classification scheme fora classification scheme forthe elements known to date.the elements known to date.The periodic table is base onThe periodic table is base onthe similarity of propertiesthe similarity of propertiesand reactivities exhibited byand reactivities exhibited by

certain elements.certain elements.


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First Responder Awareness

OSHA definition

Likely to witness/discover a release

Can initiate notifying authorities Take no further actions

SM .


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First Responder Operations

OSHA Definition

One who responds to Haz Mat release

As part of the initial response

In a defensive fashion

Doesnt try to actually stop the release

Contains release from a safe distance

Its prereq isite


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Other Responders

Technicians stop the release

Specialists provide support

Incident Commander assume control

SM .


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Nfpa 472

SM 1.1

Course

jectives


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Whats expected of You?

The regulations that govern HazWasteOperations & Emergency

Response (HAZWOPER)state:

That a HazMat Technician must know

how to classify, identify, andverify unknown materials byusing Field Equipment.

CFR 1910.120 (q) (6) (iii) (b)

SM ix

Dynamic Immersion Method


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Why chemistry?

A knowledge of chemistry allows aresponder to:

Classify hazardous substances and mixtures

Verify suspected materials

Identify certain specific substances

Predict hazards

Understand and utilize reference sources

Communicate risks

Select PPE and monitoring equipment

Choose mitigation strategies

SM .


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HazMa ec 1 Quiz #1

1 T F Ca b n di xide (CO2) has oneca bonatomand two oxygenatoms.

2. T F Ca bonmonoxide has oneca bonatomand three oxygenatoms.

3. T F Phos horus (P)isametalelement.

4. T F Potassium (K)isametalelement.

5. T F KClisasaltcom ound.

6. T F CaF2isasaltcom ound.

7. T F C10H22isasaltcom ound.

8. T F C10H22is organic.

9. T F MgO (magnesium oxide)is organic.

10. T F He (Helium)isagas.

11. T F Br2 (Bromine)isaliquid.

12. T F K (potassium)iscombustible.

13. T F O2 (oxygen)is flammable.

14. T F Butaneis organic.

15. T F C4H10is flammable.

SMC.


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Chemistry

The study of the composition,structure and properties of

matter, and of the reactions bywhich one form of matter maybe produced from or converted

into other forms.

SM 2.

Whats the most asic thing we

can say a out this su stance ?


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Matter Definition of Matter

anything that has weight/mass

anything that occupies space

SM 3.1


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SM .


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Physical

Changes Melting (Fusion)

Freezing

Vaporization (Evaporation)

Condensation

Sublimation

Deposition

Physical Changes do not result in a newsubstance and are easily reversible

SM 3.


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Many types:nuclear : fission (splitting atomic nuclei)

fusion (smashingH to make He)

chemical: detonation (high e plosives)deflagration (low e plosives)

Caused y aphysical changeme

c ic l: pressuriz

edcont in

er f ilur

e

Explosions


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Physical

Changes Heat of Fusion Solid to Liquid

Heat of Solidification Liquid to Solid

Heat of Vaporization Liquid to Gas Heat of Condensation Gas to Liquid

H2O = 2257 joules

Heat of Sublimation Solid to Gas Heat of Deposition Gas to Solid

Heat Capacity joules/gram ~ C

SM 3.SM 3.


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PV = nRT

SM 11.4


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O

H H

O

H H

O

H H


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FreezingSolidific tion

Solid LiquidGas

1

5

2

4

6

3

MeltingFusion

Vaporization

Evaporation

Sublimation

Deposition

Condensation

Act 3.1


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Physical Properties Physical state (solid, liquid, gas)

Melting point - Freezing point Boiling point

Vapor pressure - Volatility (evaporation rate) Expansion Ratio

Vapor density Water solubility - Miscibility Concentration Specific gravity

Critical temperature/pressure

Electrical Conductivity Hardness Density Color Viscosity

SM 3.4


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singleelements

or compounds

all av

eidentical

compositions

c emical properties

p sical propertiesdistinct melting points

ureSubstances

asoline ?

ir ?

Vinyl Chloride ?

erosene ?

ahomogenoussampleofmatter

SM 3.2


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Mixtures two or more pure substances

that are physically mixed together

Homogeneous salt water, coffee, blood or air

Heterogeneous chocolate-chip ice cream

MEK?

oluene ?

Steel ?

cetylene ?SM 3.3


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Classification of

Matter M a t t e rM i x t u r eP u r e S u b s t a n c e

C o m p o u n d E le m e n t

M e t a l N o n - M e t a l

N o n - S a l t S a l t

O r g a n i c I n o r g a n i c

Covalent Ionic


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Chemical Reaction

result in a new substance are not easily reversible

Chemical reactions involve a change in

heat energy.Fe2O3 +Alp

Fe +

Al2O3

CFe2O3

SM 3.


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Only omb

droppedon

.S.

0 lbhermite

omb

Droppedon

Oregon

ForestsSept 9

xn

produces

emps:

~ 00C

~ 990F

M- 0

Incendiary

File

Destroy

ers

eld

ailroad

rac s

E th i


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Exothermic

Reaction Heat is released

fireOxidation/Reductionacid/base reactionsRunaway polymerizationdecomposition

SM 3.

E d th i


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Endothermic

ReactionHeat is absorbed Barium Hydroxide + Ammonium Chloride

Barium Chloride + Ammonium Hydroxide(Room Temp to -30 C in 1min)

chemical ice packsNH4NO3 + H2O= absorbs heat

A reaction that a sor s heat(gets colder) is endothermic

SM 3.


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DHMO

MajorComponent of cid ain

Found inExcised umors of erminal Cancer atients

Colorless, Odorless, asteless

Kills thousands throughaccidental inhalation

Prolongedexposure toSolidForm causes Severe issueDamage

MayCauseSevere urns

sed

as an Industrial

Solvent an

dCoolant


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Inhibitors Retards rate of chemical reaction

or prevents it from occurring Chemical break down

Corrosion Oxidation (antioxidants) Runaway polymerization

Make a chemical more stable Benxoic Acid, Sodium Benzoate Nitrates, NitritesAcetanilide (stabilizer in H2O2 solutions)Sm 3.


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Catalysts compounds that speed up reactions Catalysts:

do not get used up in the reaction MEKP Red Phosphorous Palladium Black Raney Nickel Platinum

SM 3.


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Chemical Properties

Chemical reactivity Instability Polymerization Oxidizing ability (oxidation potential) Corrosivity (pH)

Flammable range (flammable limits) Lower Explosive Limit (LEL) Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)

Fire point

Flash point Ignition temperature Heat output Health effect SM 3.7


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MONOMERS TO POLYMERS

Heat, Contamination,Loss of Inhibitors


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Whats the opposite of


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TwoTypes ofChange:


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