A Visual Rhetoric Study

7/30/2019 A Visual Rhetoric Study

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Resudh Qcntlreo 4Quffef` cndm; RE_^DH QCN]LQEO

D Resudh Qcntlreo _tumy

Hehedfd Wnttnfjlbnr

]cn @nlr`n Pdscef`tlf ^fevnrsety


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Resudh Qcntlreo 1Dastrdot

Resudh rcntlreo nxphlrns clw vesudh eid`ns oliiufeodtn wetc tcner dumenfon& ]ces tlpeo es

stumenm ufmnr tcn benhm lb rcntlreo dfm vesudh oliiufeodtelf( aut tcn tnri es usnm ef iuhtephn

mesoephefns dfm `evnf vdrenm mnbefetelfs dfm tnrieflhl`yndoc aueht mebbnrnfthy tl bet spnoebeo

purplsns& ]cnrn drn bnw stumens ef tcn hetnrdturn tcdt nxphdef tcn tnri dpprlpredtnhy& ]cn purplsn

lb tces stumy es tl nfreoc tcn ufmnrstdfmef` lb tcn tnri vesudh rcntlreo( dfm tl prlplsn d olhhnotevn

dpprldoc tl tcn usn lb et& ]ces pdpnr nxphlrns tcn vdst hetnrdturn blufm dalut vesudh rcntlreo tl

emnfteby oliilf tcnins dorlss mesoephefns( tcnlrnteodh `dps( dfm tcn mevnr`nfon lb jflwhnm`n

antwnnf drnds lb stumy& Et olfohumns prlvemef` tcn befmef`s lb d stumy wcnrn cuidf suaknots

wnrn nxplsnm tl d behi wetc fl wlrms lr medhl`un( dfm dsjnm snvnrdh qunstelfs rn`drmef` tcner

ufmnrstdfmef` lb tcn eid`ns& ]cn suaknots dfswnrs wnrn olipdrnm tl tcn oliilf tcnins blufm

tcrlu`clut tcn hetnrdturn ef lrmnr prlvemn d anttnr ufmnrstdfmef` lb tcn orndtelf lb indfef`

tcrlu`c eid`ns dfm tcn rnhdtelf tl vesudh rcntlreo&


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Resudh Qcntlreo ?Eftrlmuotelf

Eid`ns drn prnsnft nvnrywcnrn& ]nxt( drocetnoturn( pdeftef`s( pcltl`rdpcs( behi(

tnhnveself( dfm dmvnrtesninfts drn d bnw nxdiphns tcdt surrlufm sloenty& Dfm( ds tnocflhl`y

dmvdfons( tcnsn eid`ns drn anolief` ilrn plwnrbuh blris lb nxprnsself dfm pnrsudself& D wdy

tl stumy tcnsn eid`ns es tcrlu`c vesudh rcntlreo( wceoc es mnbefnm ay _lfkd J& Blss #177>% ds tcn

tnri usnm tl mnsorean tcn stumy lb vesudh eid`nry wetcef tcn mesoephefn lb rcntlreo #p& 4=4%&

Clwnvnr( tces mnbefetelf es flt wemnhy doonptnm wetcef tcn benhm& ]cn rnsndroc pllh rn`drmef`

vesudh rcntlreo efmeodtns olftrlvnrsy( efolfsestnfoy( dfm lvnrdhh mesd`rnninft dalut ets

mnbefetelf( dfm ets bufmdinftdh oliplfnfts&

]l anttnr ufmnrstdfm tcn tnri( dfm tl prlvn ets se`febeodfon wetcef tcn mesoephefn lb

rcntlreo( d vesudh indfs lb oliiufeodtelf wehh an dfdhyznm& ]ces stumy nxdiefns tcn hetnrdturn

tcdt nxests olfonrfef` vesudh rcntlreo( dfm niphlys et tl stumy tcn dpprldoc ef wceoc cuidf

suaknots olfstruot dfm `evn indfef` tl eid`ns lb tcn ilven Adrdjd( d behi wetclut wlrms dfm

olfsestef` lfhy lb eid`ns( ds d wdy tl nxpdfm dfm anttnr ufmnrstdfm tcn tnri vesudh rcntlreo&

Hetnrdturn Qnvenw

Pcnf wn snn eid`ns wn try tl ufmnrstdfm dfm idjn snfsn lb tcni& Doolrmef` tl

_ocredtl dfm Pnaa #177=% cuidf anef`s cdvn dhwdys hlljnm dt dfm snnf tcn wlrhm drlufm

tcni( dfm idmn snfsn lb tcnisnhvns dfm ltcnrs tcrlu`c tcner ufmnrstdfmef` lb wcdt tcny snn

#_ocerdtl " Pnaa( 177=( p& 4%& Ds tnocflhl`y olftefuns tl prlhebnrdtn( wn nxpnrenfon tcn wlrhm

tcrlu`c tcn eid`ns prnsnftnm tl us ds mdehy dheinfts& ^fblrtufdtnhy( eid`ns cdvn annf ilsthy

stumenm ufmnr drt mesoephefns wcnrn eid`ns drn mnolfstruotnm tl an `evnf indfef`& Ef tcn befn

drts( tces odf an d tnocfequn tl dpprnoedtn dfm snn dhh tcn oliplfnfts lb d wlrj lb drt( aut ml wn


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Resudh Qcntlreo =snn eid`ns tces wdy ef lur mdy)tl mdy hebn< Fl& ]cn snielteo usnm ef lur mdehy hebn es plpuhdr dfm

mlns flt fnnm spnoedheznm vlodauhdrens dfm drt tcnlrens tl an ufmnrstllm& Resudh rcntlreo es tcn

tllh tl ufmnrstdfm clw tcnsn eid`ns oliiufeodtn&

Resudh rcntlreo es vdsthy usnm ef idfy benhms suoc ds drt( vesudh ouhturn( dfm

oliiufeodtelf& ]cn stumens onftnrnm drlufm tcn tnri nxdiefn behis( plstnrs( dmvnrtesninfts(

wnasetns( pcltl`rdpcs( ilfuinfts( oliiufety prlknots( klurfdh olvnrs( dfm plheteodh odrtllfs(

kust tl fdin d bnw& ]cn prlahni es tcdt wcehn usnm ef idfy drnds lb nxpnrtesn( tcnrn es fl

d`rnninft dalut d `nfnrdhhy usnm mnbefetelf lb tcn tnri& Idfy lb tcn stumens lf vesudh rcntlreo

cdvn annf dfdhyznm mebbnrnfthy ay usef` mevnrsn intclmlhlèns dfm prlvemef` d rdf`n lb

mebbnrnft tnrieflhl`y& Alrrlwidf #177>% sdys( wetc tcn mnbefetelf lb vesudh rcntlreo tces arldm(

tcn tnri es nbbnotevnhy wetclut indfef` #p& 411%& _lintcef` seiehdr es nxprnssnm ay Wntnrslf

#1774% wcl dssnrts( tcn prlhebnrdtelf lb vesudh steiuhe ef oliiufeodtelf nfverlfinfts odhhs blr

tcnlrens dfm oreteodh wlrj tcdt mnilfstrdtn dfm nxphdef clw vesudhs pnrsudmn #p& 17%&

Resudh rcntlreo fnnms d wnhh)nstdahescnm mnbefetelf& Et es fnonssdry tl dfdhyzn tcn vdst

hetnrdturn dvdehdahn tl mesolvnr tcn oliilf nhninfts dfm `dps wetcef tcn tnri& Fnxt E wehh

eftrlmuon tcn prefoephns dfm cestlry lb vesudh rcntlreo&

Resudh Qcntlreo

Eid`ns drn prnsnft ef lur nvnrymdy hevns( dfm wetc tcn olftefuef` tnocflhlèodh dmvdfons

eid`ns drn anolief` ilrn eiplrtdft blr oliiufeodtelf dfm blr ufmnrstdfmef` tcn wlrhm&

Anodusn lb tces( tcn dfdhyses lb vesudh rcntlreo es eforndsef`hy ocdfèf` dfm anolief` d vetdh drnd

ef tcn stumy lb oliiufeodtelf dfm rcntlreo& Flwdmdys( pnlphn wdhj wetc d odinrd ef tcner onhh

pclfn wcehn fdve`dtef` tcn fnt tl plst peoturns lf Bdonallj& Eid`ns drn nvnrywcnrn( brli ylur


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Resudh Qcntlreo >tuan lb tlltcpdstns hl`l ef tcn ilrfef` tl ylur tnhnveself sclw anblrn anmtein& Aut( es vesudh

rcntlreo oliphntnhy fnw( p& 4=4%& Aut( nvnf

tclu`c tces es tcn lreèfdhhy doohdeinm mdtn blr tcn ninr`nfon lb rcntlreo( Ieocdnh R& Blx #453?%

su``nsts tcdt ef dfoenft N`ypt(rcntlreo wds flt stumenm ds d tcnlry aut et wds tnocfeodhhy prnsnft

ef oliiufeodtelf #p& 5%& Cehh dfm Cnhinrs #177=% seiehdrhy su``nst tces emnd ay nxphdefef` tcdt

ef N`ypt( cenrl`hypceos dhrndmy olftdefnm dfm rnolrmnm indfef` #p& 4%&

]cn usn lb eid`ns cds annf dhwdys prnsnft ef sloentens& Cuidfs usudhhy stdrt

oliiufeodtef` wetc slufms dfm eid`ns& Ocehmrnf eietdtn tcef`s tcny snn dfm cndr( dfm ndrhy lf(

tcny drn tdu`ct hdfùd`n ay idjef` olffnotelfs antwnnf eid`ns dfm slufm& E rninianr hndrfef`

tcn dhpcdant tces wdy& ]cn tndocnr wluhm idjn tcn ohdss rnpndt tcn slufm lb tcn hnttnr d wcehn

sclwef` d peoturn lb tcn hnttnr fnxt tl df laknot tcdt stdrtnm wetc df d; D blr Dpphn& Eb vesudh

eid`ns drn sl eiplrtdft blr sloentens dfm mnvnhlpef` oliiufeodtelf sjehhs( wcy cdvn sl idfy

pnlphn fnvnr cndrm lb vesudh rcntlreo% rnsplfmnm vnry strlf`hy lf tces mnadtn eiphyef` tcdt soclhdrs

idy bnnh flstdhèd blr d ouhturn ef wceoc puaheo spnnocns wnrn tcn syialhs tcdt cdm preidry

eipdot( tcdt ouhturn es `lfn #p& 4=1%& _cn ohdrebens cnr plsetelf ay mnilfstrdtef` tcdt tcn stumy

lb vesudh eid`nry brli d rcntlreodh pnrspnotevn dhsl cds `rlwf wetc tcn ninrèf` rnol`fetelf

tcdt vesudh eid`ns prlvemn doonss tl d rdf`n lb cuidf nxpnrenfon flt dhwdys dvdehdahn tcrlu`c

tcn stumy lb mesolursn #p& 4=?%& ]ces sclws tcdt tcn stumy lb mesolursn mlns flt dhhlw d

oliphntn rcntlreodh dfdhyses lb eid`ns( dfm tcdt tcnrn es d fnnm blr d mebbnrnft dfm nvlhvnm typn

lb tcefjef`&


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Resudh Qcntlreo 0

_tumyef` Resudh Qcntlreo

Nvnf tclu`c tcn mnadtn lvnr vesudh rcntlreo olftefuns( ds wnhh ds tcn mnbefetelf lb et( idfy

cdvn wrettnf vnry eiplrtdft penons dalut tcn suaknot& ]l nxphdef vesudh rcntlreo( E oclsn d bnw

dutclrs tcdt idmn df eiprnsself lf iy rnsndroc& ]clu`c ilst lb tcni mebbnr ef tnrieflhl`y(

dfm slinteins nvnf eftnrnxocdf`n drnds lb stumy( E wehh sclw tcn mebbnrnft dpprldocns tlwdrms

tcn tnri dfm d bnw jny nhninfts tcdt mnsorean et&

Dalut Qcntlreo

Resudh rcntlreo cds twl pdrts; ]cn vesudhs( dfm tcn rcntlreo ancefm tcni& ]l ufmnrstdfm

vesudh rcntlreo tcnf( et es fnonssdry tl nxphdef wcdt es rcntlreo& Qcntlreo es tcn wdy ef wceoc

cuidfs idy efbhunfon ndoc ltcnrs tcefjef` dfm ancdvelr tcrlu`c tcn strdtn`eo usn lb syialhs

#Ncfef`nr( 4501( p& ?%& Dt tcn sdin tein( rcntlreo odf an nxphdefnm ds tcn sloedh bufotelf tcdt

efbhunfons dfm idfd`ns indfef`s #Aruiintt( 4554( p& xev%& ]cnsn twl mnbefetelfs sclw tcn

eiplrtdfon lb syialhs ef efbhunfoef` ltcnrs ancdvelrs& Aut( tcnrn es lfn spnoebeo wlrm iessef`;

pnrsudself& Lhslf( Beffn`df( dfm Clpn #1773% mnbefnm rcntlreo ds d prdoteon dfm tcnlry ZtcdtY

olfonrfs pnrsudsevn syialheo dotelfs preidrehy #p& ?%& ]cnsn tcrnn mnbefetelfs aref` tcn

nhninfts E tcefj drn fnonssdry tl nxphdef rcntlreo ds d sloedh bufotelf tcdt idfd`ns indfef` dfm

efbhunfons ancdvelr tcrlu`c pnrsudsevn syialheo dotelfs& Efmesputdahy( dbtnr dfdhyzef` tcn

oliplfnfts lb rcntlreo( et es dppdrnft tcdt rcntlreo odf an dpphenm tl vesudhs tcn sdin wdy et es

dpphenm tl tnxt&

Dalut Resudh Qcntlreo

Petcef tcn mebbnrnft dpprldocns lb vesudh rcntlreo( E blufm _lfkd J& Blss #177>% ds d adsn

dutclr& Cnr dfdhyses lb tcn suaknot es vnry tclrlu`c( wetc lfhy d bnw tcef`s iessef`& Ef cnr


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Resudh Qcntlreo 3]cnlry lb Resudh Qcntlreo #177>% dfm ef cnr Qcntlreodh _ocnid blr tcn Nvdhudtelf lb Resudh

Eid`nry #455=%( Blss #177>% nxphdefs vesudh rcntlreo ds d oliiufeodtevn drtebdot tcdt efohumns

cuidf eftnrvnftelf tl orndtn d syialheo dotelf mernotnm tl df dumenfon& Flt nvnry vesudh laknot

es vesudh rcntlreo& Pcdt turfs d vesudh laknot eftl d oliiufeodtevn drtebdot es tcn prnsnfon lb

tcrnn ocdrdotnresteostcn eid`n iust an syialheo( efvlhvn cuidf eftnrvnftelf( dfm an prnsnftnm

tl df dumenfon blr tcn purplsn lb oliiufeodtef` wetc tcdt dumenfon #p& 4==%&

Blss adsnm cnr dfdhyses lb vesudh rcntlreo lf twl prniesns; Resudh rcntlreo ds d

oliiufeodtevn drtebdot( dfm vesudh rcntlreo ds d pnrspnotevn& Dt tcn sdin tein( scn blousnm cnr

nssdy lf twl dpprldocns; ]cn efmuotevn intclm dfm tcn mnmuotevn intclm& ]cn mnmuotevn

intclm rnbnrs tl soclhdrs tcdt stdrt brli d oliiufeodtelf tcnlry dfm dpphy tces tcnlry tl dfdhyzn

tcn nhninfts lb tcn vesudh eid`n& ]cn efmuotevn intclm es tcn lpplsetn lb tcn mnmuotevn lfn& Et

stdrts wetc tcn vesudh eid`n nhninfts tl `nfnrdtn d arldmnr dfdhyses lr tcnlry&

Petc Blss ds d adsn( tcnrn drn d bnw stumens tcdt odu`ct iy dttnftelf dfm behhnm ef tcn `dps E

blufm ef cnr stumy& _lin lb tclsn `dps efohumn tcn usn lb ouhturn( olftnxt( dfm niltelfs tl orndtn

indfef`& Fnxt( sefon tcn tnris usnm tl mnsorean dfm dfdhyzn vesudh rcntlreo vdry `rndthy dilf`

mesoephefns( E wehh prnsnft tcn oliilf tcnins tcdt odin dorlssef iy stumy&

]cn oliphnxety lb _yialhs

Qcntlreo( ds mnbefnm dalvn( adsns etsnhb ef tcn indfef` lb syialhs& _yialhs rnsest

efmevemudhesteo rnprnsnftdtelf anodusn tcny drn lvnr)mntnriefnm ay oustlidry usd`n( nianmmnm

sl brnqunfthy ef olfvnftelfdh mesolursn tcdt tcny rdrnhy tdjn lf d rnbhnotevn( efmevemudh indfef`

#Cehh " Cnhinrs( 177=( p& =%& Pcdt Cehh dfm Cnhinrs drn sdyef` es tcdt eid`ns drn dastrdot

syialhs anodusn tcn dumenfon es tcn lfn tcdt `evns tcn indfef`& ]ces emnd es rnefblronm ay Bry

dfm Bry #453?%( wcl nxphdef tcdt !tnxts drn idmn indfef`buh tcrlu`c d prlonss lb dumenfon


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Resudh Qcntlreo 5se`febeodtelftcn eftnrprntdft rnsemns ef tcn iefm lb tcn pnrslf ZdfmY et es flt nianmmnm ef tcn

se`f etsnhb&! #p& ==3%& Wenron mnbefns d se`f ds !slintcef` tcdt stdfms tl slinalmy blr slintcef`

ef slin rnspnot lr odpdoety! #45>>( p& 55%& Petclut df dumenfon( d se`f cds fl indfef`&

Idfy dutclrs prnsnftnm d prlahni wetc mnbefef` tcn wlrm syialh( dfm mnoemnm tl mevemn

tcn tnri& Cehh dfm Cnhinrs #177=% orndtnm tcrnn tnris; eolf( efmnx( dfm syialhs ds tcn mebbnrnft

wdys df eid`n odf an dfdhyznm& Eolf( ds df eid`n( odf an dastrdot lr rnprnsnftdtelfdh: tcn efmnx

es tcn inilry wn cdvn lb pdst nfoluftnrs wetc d seiehdr eid`n: dfm syialhs drn tcn dastrdot

rnprnsnftdtelfs efsemn tcn iefm& ]cnsn tcrnn emnds drn dhsl prnsnftnm ay Blss #455=%; eolf es usnm

ef tnris lb tcn drtebdot( d syialh rnbhnots tcn syialheo dotelf( dfm tcn efmnx es inftelfnm ds tcn

bufotelf& Hejn tcnsn twl nxdiphns( tcn olfonpt lb syialh vdrens&

Petc tces bhuotudtef` indfef` lb tcn wlrm syialh( et es vnry cdrm tl dpphy et tl df dotudh

nxdiphn& E anhenvn tces es dfltcnr `dp tcdt cds flt annf stumenm subbeoenfthy ef tcn prnsnft almy lb

rnsndroc& Cdvef` d olfoesn emnd lb snielteos dfm vesudh syialhs wluhm cnhp nxpnrts d`rnn lf

tnrieflhl`ens tcdt bet vesudh rcntlreo& ]clu`c tces emnd lb syialh es flt oliphntnhy ohndr ynt blr

vesudh rcntlreo( Cehh dfm Cnhinrs efmnx ds inilry odf an ndsehy hefjnm tl ouhturn( olftnxt(

dfm tcn orndtelf lb indfef` ef sloentens& Blr nxdiphn( MnQlsed #1773% dfm _oltt #455=% hefj

tcnsn twl tnris ay drteouhdtef` tcdt tcn indfef` lb d syialheo se`f odf nvlhvn dfm olin tl an

oliilfhy ufmnrstllm ef d ouhturn dt d pdrteouhdr tein #p& ?77%( dfm tcdt peoturns drn flt inrnhy

dfdhl`uns tl vesudh pnronptelf aut syialheo drtebdots olfstruotnm brli tcn olfvnftelfs lb d

pdrteouhdr ouhturn #p& 1>1%( olfsnoutevnhy&

Resudh Ouhturn( d jny tnri ef tces stumy

Ouhturn es dhwdys prnsnft ef sloentens& Pcdt wn snn es ef bdot wcdt wn idjn lr drn idmn

tl snn; Pn snn tcrlu`c tcn brdinwlrjs dfm behtnrs prlmuonm ay lur ouhturn dfm ay lur pnrslfdh


10/32

Resudh Qcntlreo 47cestlrens #_ocerdtl " Pnaa( 177=( p& 4%& Ds nipcdseznm cnrn( wn nxpnrenfon hebn tcrlu`c

mebbnrnft hnfsns orndtnm ay lur ouhturn&

]cnrn drn idfy nxpnrts tcdt prnsnft tcn emnd lb ouhturn ef vesudh rcntlreo& Blr nxdiphn(

ouhturdh stumens lb vesudh rcntlreo olfstetutn lfn typn lb dttnipt tl ufmnrstdfm clw vesudh

dppndhs lpnrdtn #Cehh( 177=( p& 12%& ]ces rnhdtelfscep es anttnr ufmnrstllm ef vesudh ouhturn(

wceoc es d tnri efnxtreodahy hefjnm tl vesudh rcntlreo& ]l nxphdef tces tnri( E iust anèf wetc lfn

lb tcn dutclrs wcl idmn d mebbnrnfon ef iy stumy& Ierzlnbb( #4553% ef ces allj Resudh Ouhturn

Qndmnr( prnsnfts ces dfm ltcnr dutclrs penons ef df dttnipt tl nxphdef vesudh ouhturn& Blr cei(

lfn tcef` wn cdvn tl olfsemnr es tcdt( ds wnhh ds vesudh rcntlreo( vesudh ouhturn es flt kust d pdrt

lb ylur nvnrymdy hebn( et es ylur hebn #p& ?%&

]l an dahn tl ufmnrstdfm vesudh rcntlreo( flt lfhy dfdhyzn et( et es fnonssdry tl ufmnrstdfm

wcdt vesudhs indf tl us& ]cn meskufoturnm dfm brdìnftnm ouhturn tcdt wn odhh plstilmnrfesi es

anst eidèfnm dfm ufmnrstllm vesudhhy( kust ds tcn fefntnnftc onftury wds ohdsseodhhy rnprnsnftnm

ef tcn fnwspdpnr dfm tcn flvnh #Ierzlnbb( 4553( p& >%& Pn drn nxpnrenfoef` hebn tcrlu`c

tnocflhl`y dfm flt mernothy& Ds ef vesudh rcntlreo( E drùn tcdt wn drn nxpnrenfoef` hebn tcrlu`c

vesudhs&

@lef` anylfm tcn emnd lb tnocflhl`y dfm tcn plstilmnrf nrd( vesudh ouhturn(

spnoebeodhhy( ehhustrdtns clw pnlphn mnbefn tcner emnftetens: et es trdfsouhturdh #Qeon( 177=( p& 04%&

Ouhturn es doquernm ay sloedh hndrfef`( dfm tcn wdy wn snn tcef`s es dbbnotnm ay wcdt wn jflw

dfm wcdt wn anhenvn #Anr`nr( 4500( p& 3%& ]ces emnd es rnefblronm ay Lhslf nt dh& #1773% wcl

stdtnm tcdt wn nxpnrenfon peoturns olfmetelfnm ay tcn wdys tcny wnrn tdu`ct tl an snnf #p& 5%& Et

es vnry eiplrtdft tl snn tcdt ansemns wcdt es tdu`ct tl us( wn nxpnrenfon hebn ef d pnrslfdh bdscelf


11/32

Resudh Qcntlreo 44tcdt wluhm mebbnr wetc d `nfnrdh ufmnrstdfmef` lb dfy eid`n& ]cn rndslf plheteodh odrtllfs drn

lbtnf eftnrprntnm ef wemnhy mevnr`nft idffnrs es anodusn mebbnrnft rndmnrs drn rndslfef` wetc

mebbnrnft hdynrs lb tcn ouhturdhhy efmuonm inssd`n #Inmcurst " Mn_lusd( 4534( p& 117%&

Doolrmef`hy( ouhturn es d fnonssdrehy cestlreodh suaknot( adsnm ef tcn rnol`fetelf tcdt tcn vesudh

eid`n es flt stdahn aut ocdf`ns ets rnhdtelfscep tl nxtnrelr rndhety dt pdrteouhdr ilinfts lb

ilmnrfety #Iezrlnbb( 4553( p& 0%& ]ces emnd es hefjnm tl olftnxt&

]cn fnnm lb olftnxt#?%( 153)?42&

Ocnf( C&( " Allrn( K& #1775%& ^sef` d syftcnsesnm tnocfequn blr `rlufmnm tcnlry ef fursef`

rnsndroc&Klurfdh lb Ohefeodh Fursef`( 43#42%( 11>4)1127& mle;47&4444,k&4?2>)

1071&1773&7123=&x&

Murrnr( C& #1773%& Fl olftnxt fnnmnm&Dbtnreid`n( ?2#?%( >)0&

Ncfef`nr( M& #4501%& Olftniplrdry rcntlreo; D rndmnrs olursnallj& @hnfvenw( EH; _oltt(

Blrnsidf&


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Resudh Qcntlreo ?7Beffn`df( O& D& #1774%& ]cn fdturdhesteo nftcyinin dfm veolftrlvnrsy& Dr`uinftdtelf dfm

Dmvlodoy( ?0( 4??)4=5&

Bescnr( K&( " Iuhhnf( H& #177=%& D vesudh dfdhyses lb prnsoreptelf mru` dmvnrtesef` eid`nry;

Nhdalrdtef` Blsss rcntlreodh tnocfequns& Oliiufeodtelf _tumens( >>#4%( 43>)452&

Blss( _& J& #455=%& D rcntlreodh socnid blr tcn nvdhudtelf lb vesudh eid`nry& Oliiufeodtelf

_tumens( =>( 14?)11=&

Blss( _& J& #177>%& ]cnlry lb vesudh rcntlreo& Ef _ietc( J&( Ilredrty( _( Adradtses( @&( Jnffny(

J& #Nms&%(Cdfmallj lb vesudh oliiufeodtelf; ]cnlry( intclms( dfm inmed #pp&4=4)

4>1%& Idcwdc( FK; Hdwrnfon Nrhadui&

Blx( I& R& #453?%& Dfoenft N`yptedf rcntlreo&Qcntlreod( 4( 5)11&

Bry( M& H& " Bry( R& C& #453?%& D snielteo ilmnh blr tcn stumy lb idss oliiufeodtelf& Ef I&

IoHdu`chef #Nm&%( Oliiufeodtelf yndrallj 5 #pp& ==?)=21%& Anvnrhy Cehhs( OD; _d`n&

@hdsnr( A& @&( " _trduss( D& H& #4520%& ]cn mesolvnry lb `rlufmnm tcnlry; _trdtn`ens blr

qudhetdtevn rnsndroc& Fnw Ulrj; Dhmefn&

Cdwcnn( M&( " Inssdres( W& #1775%& Qnvenw Nssdy; Pcdt's vesudh dalut vesudh rcntlreo#1%( 147)11?&

Cnhinrs( I&( " Cehh( D& O& #177=%& Eftrlmuotelf& Ef Cehh O&D&( " Cnhinrs( I& #Nms&%(Mnbefef`

vesudh rcntlreos #pp& 4)1?%& Idcwdc( FK; Hdwnrnfon Nrhadui&

Cehh( O& D& #177=%& ]cn psyoclhl`y lb rcntlreodh eid`ns& Ef Cehh( O&D&( Cnhinrs( I& #Nms&%(

Mnbefef` vesudh rcntlreos #pp 1>)=7%& Idcwdc( FK; Hdwrnfon Nrhadui&


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Resudh Qcntlreo ?4Hefolhf( U& _&( " @uad( N& @& #453>%&Fdturdhesteo Efquery& Hlfmlf; _d`n Wuaheodtelfs&

Inmcurst( I& K&( " Mn_lusd( I& D& #4534%& Wlheteodh odrtllfs ds rcntlreodh blri; D tdxlfliy lb

`rdpceo mesolursn& Oliiufeodtelf Ilfl`rdpcs( =3( 450)1?2&

Ierzlnbb( F& #4553%& Pcdt es vesudh ouhturn%& Eftnrmesoephefdrety dfm vesudh ouhturn&Drt Auhhntef(1>#=%( >=7)>==&

Ilredrty( _& #455>%& Resudh snielteos dfm tcn prlmuotelf lb indfef` ef dmvnrtesef`& Resudh

Oliiufeodtelf Meveself lb DNKIO& Qntrenvnm Bna 14( 1775( brli

cttp;,,splt&olhlrdml&nmu,~ilredrts,vessnielteos&ctih

Lhslf( H&( Beffn`df( O&( " Clpn( M& #1773%& Resudh rcntlreodh stumens; ]rdons tcrlu`c tein dfm

spdon& Ef Lhslf( H&( Beffn`df( O&( " Clpn( M& #Nms&%( Resudh rcntlreo #pp& xxe)xxv%&

Hlfmlf; _d`n Wuaheodtelfs Htm&

Wntnrslf( R& #1774%& ]cn rcntlreodh oreteoesi lb vesudh nhninfts; Df dhtnrfdtevn tl Blsss socnid&

_lutcnrf Oliiufeodtelf Klurfdh( 20#4%( 45)?1&

Wneron( O& _& #45>>%&Wcehlslpceodh wretef`s lb Wneron #K& Auochnr( Nm&%& Fnw Ulrj; Mlvnr

Wuaheodtelfs&

Qdiphny( I& #177>%& Resudh ouhturn dfm tcn indfef`s lb ouhturn& Ef Qdiphny( I& #Nm&%(

Nxphlref` vesudh ouhturn #pp& >)40%& Nmefaur`; Nmefaur` ^fevnrsety Wrnss&

Qeon( K& #177=%& D oreteodh rnvenw lb vesudh rcntlreo ef d plstilmnrf d`n; Oliphninftef`(

nxtnfmef`( dfm prnsnftef` fnw emnds&Qnvenw lb Oliiufeodtelf( =#4%( 2?)0=&


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Resudh Qcntlreo ?1_ocerdtl( ]&( " Pnaa( K& #177=%& ^fmnrstdfmef` tcn vesudh& Hlfmlf; _d`n Wuaheodtelfs Htm&

_oltt( H& #455=%& Eid`ns ef dmvnrtesef`; ]cn fnnm blr d tcnlry lb vesudh rcntlreo& ]cn Klurfdh lb

Olfsuinr Qnsndroc( #14%1( 1>1)10?&

_cnmhef( I& @&( " _cuhidf( H& #177=%& Tudhetdtevn fnnms dssnssinft lb CER snrveons dilf`

Mliefeodf( Inxeodf dfm Onftrdh Dinreodf eiie`rdft plpuhdtelfs hevef` ef tcn Fnw

Ulrj Oety drnd& DEM_ Odrn(42( =?=)==>&

_ietc( R& #1770%& Drestlthns ohdsseodh nftcyinin dfm tcn vesudh dr`uinftdtelf lb tcn twnfty)

berst onftury&Dr`uinftdtelf " Dmvlodoy( =?#?,=%( 44=)41?&

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A Visual Rhetoric Study