IEEE/CIC ICC in China, Shanghai, October 13-15, 20 14

A view to LTE-Advanced evolution

14/10/20141 © Nokia 2014

A view to LTE-Advanced evolution

Antti Toskala, Head of Radio Standardization

Nokia Networks, Espoo, Finland

Outline

• Key motivation and building blocks for LTE-Advancedevolution

• Macro cell evolution

• Small cell evolution

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• Small cell evolution

• New use cases

• Summary

Motivation

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LTE as a technology is spreading rapidly: More devices, more users, more operators, more data ov er LTE

VoLTE launched LTE in smartphones• Lower chip set cost

Lumia iPhone

LTE market penetration

Android

0%

20%

40%

60%Korea

Japan

USA

Europe (W)

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• >250 million LTE subscribers globally• >20x more subscribers since end 2011• + data volumes grow per user (see next slide)

Lumia iPhone Android

Leading Markets in Terms of MB/Person/Month (Data f rom 2012 & 2H/2013)

1500

2000

2500

Mobile data usage MB/population/month

More than 2 GB per per person per month in 2012 and

growing over +50% per year

3000 MB*3500 MB

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0

500

1000

1500

Sweden Finland Korea Japan Austria

*Estimated from 1H/2013figure by assuming 30% growth

Building blocks

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Get the most from : Existing cell sites, higher site density, new use case s

Small cellenhancements

MIMO and beam-forming evolution

UE interference

Machine-to-machine(MTC)

HetNet mobility Device-to-device

Small cells Macro cells New market segments

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UE interferencecancellation

HetNet mobilityenhancements

Device-to-devicecommunication /

Public safetyEnhanced CoMP

(Multi-cell scheduling)

FDD + TDD aggregation

3GPP – WLAN interworking

LTE-U (Unlicensed)

Key driver: Carrier Aggregation Evolution

• The 1st feature from LTE-Advanced in the field was carrier aggregation, nowdelivering 300 Mbps peak downlink, moreto come…

• Key enabler for future steps wasFDD/TDD carrier aggregation. Alsoalready shown with commercial chip set

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FDDTDD

already shown with commercial chip set (feature in LTE Release 12)

Small cell evolution

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Small Cell Optimization / Dual connectivity

• Covers macro assisted small cells as well as stand alone small cell• 3GPP work scheduled to be ready December. Dual connectivity enables “inter-site CA”

• Dedicated spectrum for small cells. For example 3.5 GHz• Dual connectivity assumes different spectrum (carrier) for the small cell

• Co-channel case covered with eICIC or CoMP

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Motivations for LTE unlicensed / Licensed-Assisted A ccess (LAA)

• Use cases are outdoor and indoor public small cells• Focus on public /corporate environment• 5 GHz frequency band in focus, widely available globally• Home solution to rely on WLAN � Licensed-Assisted Access always intended

to be used together with licensed band operations

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Outdoor hot spot

Public Indoor cellsHome cells to rely on WLAN (or femto)

Coordinated with macro/micro cells

LTE unlicensed can co-exist with Wi-Fi

• With implementation of the proper ”Listen-Before-Talk” solution a Wi-Fi network will not take anymore hit than it would from the interference due to another Wi-Fi network

• 3GPP Release 13 LTE-Advanced specsexpected to be ready by 06/21060,8

1

1,2

Re

lati

ve

Ca

pa

city

Capacity with LTE & Wi-Fi on the same 20

MHz channel

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0

0,2

0,4

0,6

Separate Channel Same channel Same channel & fairness

algorithm in LTE eNodeB

Re

lati

ve

Ca

pa

city

LTE

Wi-Fi

Ref: Nokia white paper on ”LTE for unlicensed spectrum”: http://networks.nokia.com//ru/file/34596/lte-for-unlicensed-spectrum

Further LTE and Wi-Fi integration?

WLAN AP

NodeB

WLAN SSIDs & Selection guidance

Offloading traffic to suitable WLAN

• Release 12 includes features to give UE guidance on when to select Wi-Fi (and when not)

• What is next step ?

• Radio level aggregation with two

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UE

suitable WLAN • Radio level aggregation with two technologies difficult to make successful. Different spec cycles etc + coupling the implementation tightly slows both down

• Better to evolve from Release 12, ratherthan aim to aggregate the radios

Macro evolution

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•3GPP finalized the enabler for the work – 3D - channel model (Release 12)• Older channel models assume 2 dimensional

(2D) UE distribution -> not suited for evaluation of features like vertical sectorization

3D beamforming

Active Antenna Systemwith Vertical Sectorization

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features like vertical sectorization

• Next steps in Release 13• 3D-beamforming, to look for possible

enhancements to the specifications following the studies up to 8 antenna ports

Then to look for beyond 8 antenna ports

• Massive MIMO / Full Dimension MIMO

UE-Specific Elevation BF / 3D-MIMO

New use cases

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LTE technology extending to new markets

100xcapacity

150 Mbps

10x data rate

LTE-U LTE-D

Expanding to new use cases

Boosting capacity

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10x lower latency

150 Mbps LTE

10x coverage

LTE-M

LTE-B Car-to-car

UHF band

Example new use case: LTE M2M

Release 12 introduced a new low complexity UE category (“Cat-0”)

Further device complexity reduction worked in Rel-13 (cf. TR 36.888)

- Reduced UE receive bandwidth to 1.4 MHz allows for substantial complexity reduction

- The UE will still be able to operate in all existing LTE system bandwidths up to 20 MHz

- A lower UE power class will allow integration of power amplifier in single chip solution

Rel-8 Cat-4 Rel- 8 Cat-1 Rel-12 Cat-0 Rel-13

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Rel-8 Cat-4 Rel- 8 Cat-1 Rel-12 Cat-0 Rel-13

Downlink peak rate 150 Mbps 10 Mbps 1 Mbps ~200 kbps

Uplink peak rate 50 Mbps 5 Mbps 1 Mbps ~200 kbps

Max number of downlink spatial layers 2 1 1 1

Number of UE RF receiver chains 2 2 1 1

Duplex mode Full duplex Full duplex Half duplex (opt) Half duplex (opt)

UE receive bandwidth 20 MHz 20 MHz 20 MHz 1.4 MHz

Maximum UE transmit power 23 dBm 23 dBm 23 dBm ~~20 dBm

Modem complexity relative to Cat-1 125% 100% 50% 25%

Example new use case: Public safety with LTE

Release 12 System Features

Proximity-based Services (ProSe)

Group Communication System Enablers for LTE (GCSE_LTE)

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Release 12 Radio Layer Features

LTE Device to Device Proximity Services

Study on Group Communication for LTE

Summary

• 3GPP has a busy schedule for Release 13

• The new features will extend LTE capabilities to go beyond 100 MHz bandwidth and peak rates in the field continue to grow, especially with LTE-U

• With 300 Mbps in the field today, rapid development continues

• And LTE-Advanced capabilities needs to evolve to enable data growth!

• 5G related studies expected to start from Release 14, 2016 onwards

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2014

Release 13 LTE Advanced work from 09/2014

2015 2016

Release 13 ready 06/2016

• 5G related studies expected to start from Release 14, 2016 onwards

Further LTE-Advanced & 5G

Thank You!Thank You!Thank You!Thank You!

Antti ToskalaHead of Radio StandardizationIndustry Environment

antti.toskala@nsn.com (soon @nokia.com)HD-Voice: +358-40-5132710Linnoitustie 602600 EspooFinland

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