Upload
others
View
10
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
A Sustainable Waste StrategyA Sustainable Waste Strategy
Paul Paul ConnettConnett, PhD, PhDExecutive Director (AEHSP)Executive Director (AEHSP)
AmericanAmericanHealthHealthStudies.orgStudies.orgpconnett@[email protected]
House of Commons, Nov 2, 2010House of Commons, Nov 2, 2010
OUTLINEOUTLINE
1. A few words about Sustainability1. A few words about Sustainability2. Using the waste hierarchy to drive 2. Using the waste hierarchy to drive
towards sustainabilitytowards sustainability3. The Zero Waste 2020 Strategy3. The Zero Waste 2020 Strategy4. Zero Waste steps around the world4. Zero Waste steps around the world5. Appeal for help to end the worst 5. Appeal for help to end the worst
recycling program in the world!recycling program in the world!
SustainabilitySustainabilityWe would need We would need FOUR planetsFOUR planets if every if every one consumed as much as the one consumed as much as the average average AmericanAmericanWe would need We would need TWO planetsTWO planets if every if every one consumed as much as the one consumed as much as the average average EuropeanEuropeanMeanwhile, Meanwhile, India, China etcIndia, China etc. are . are copying our consumption patternscopying our consumption patternsSomething has got to change and Something has got to change and the the best place to start is with wastebest place to start is with waste
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
A LINEAR SOCIETYA LINEAR SOCIETY
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
A LINEAR SOCIETYA LINEAR SOCIETY
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
LANDFILLSLANDFILLS
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
INCINERATION INCINERATION
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
Both landfills and incinerators Both landfills and incinerators represent business as usual represent business as usual ––
NEITHER are sustainableNEITHER are sustainable
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
RECYCLING OF MATERIALSRECYCLING OF MATERIALS
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
REUSE OF OBJECTSREUSE OF OBJECTS
Extraction ofExtraction ofVirginVirgin
MaterialsMaterials
Production ofProduction ofManufacturedManufactured
itemsitemsConsumptionConsumption DiscardedDiscarded
MaterialsMaterials
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
Solid wasteSolid wasteAir pollutionAir pollutionWater pollutionWater pollution
Carbon dioxideCarbon dioxide
ENERGYENERGY ENERGYENERGY
GLOBAL WARMINGGLOBAL WARMING
COMPOSTINGCOMPOSTING
COMPOSTCOMPOST
2. Using the waste hierarchy to drive 2. Using the waste hierarchy to drive towards sustainabilitytowards sustainability
The waste hierarchy & sustainabilityThe waste hierarchy & sustainability
COMPOSTING COMPOSTING ++++++REUSE REUSE ++++RECYCLING RECYCLING ++INCINERATION INCINERATION ––LANDFILLING LANDFILLING –– ––
Surcharge versus sustainabilitySurcharge versus sustainability
Right now the landfill surcharge is driving Right now the landfill surcharge is driving the building of massive incineratorsthe building of massive incineratorsUK is moving from worst solution to the UK is moving from worst solution to the next worse solution i.e. moving from the next worse solution i.e. moving from the bottom of the waste hierarchy up.bottom of the waste hierarchy up.What we need are financial incentives to What we need are financial incentives to encourage communities to move to the encourage communities to move to the top of the waste hierarchy top of the waste hierarchy ––i.e. towards i.e. towards sustainability.sustainability.
DrivingDriving the waste hierarchy towards the waste hierarchy towards sustainabilitysustainability
COMPOSTING COMPOSTING 30 pound/ton rebate30 pound/ton rebateREUSE REUSE 20 pound/ton rebate20 pound/ton rebateRECYCLING RECYCLING 10 pound/ton rebate10 pound/ton rebate
INCINERATION INCINERATION 20 pound/ton surcharge20 pound/ton surcharge40 pound/ton surcharge on ash40 pound/ton surcharge on ashLANDFILLING LANDFILLING 40 pound/ton surcharge 40 pound/ton surcharge
Why UK should avoid incinerationWhy UK should avoid incineration
1) It is not sustainable1) It is not sustainable2) It is a poor economic investment. Most 2) It is a poor economic investment. Most
of the money spent leaves the of the money spent leaves the community (and the country). Very community (and the country). Very few jobs created for very large capital few jobs created for very large capital investmentinvestment
3) It stifles innovation3) It stifles innovation
Why UK should avoid incinerationWhy UK should avoid incineration
4) It wastes energy!4) It wastes energy!
Energy Comparison: Energy Comparison: RecyclingRecycling versus versus incinerationincineration (ICF consulting, 2005)(ICF consulting, 2005)
materialmaterial Energy Energy savings from savings from recyclingrecyclingGJ/GJ/tonnetonne
Energy output Energy output from from incinerationincinerationGJ/GJ/tonnetonne
Energy savings Energy savings recycling recycling versus versus incinerationincineration
NewsprintNewsprint 6.336.33 2.622.62 2.42.4Fine paperFine paper 15.8715.87 2.232.23 7.17.1CardboardCardboard 8.568.56 2.312.31 3.73.7Other paperOther paper 9.499.49 2.252.25 4.24.2HDPEHDPE 64.2764.27 6.306.30 10.210.2PETPET 85.1685.16 3.223.22 26.426.4Other plasticOther plastic 52.0952.09 4.764.76 10.910.9
Why UK should avoid incinerationWhy UK should avoid incineration
5) It generates a toxic ash5) It generates a toxic ash6) It doesn6) It doesn’’t get rid of landfillst get rid of landfills
CHUTESECONDARYCHAMBER
TURBINE
BOILER
ELECTRICITY
STEAM
TRASHBOTTOM ASH FLY ASH
TEMP< 200oC
SEMI-DRYSCRUBBER
FABRIC FILTER
WET SCRUBBER
DE-NOX
ACTIVATEDCHARCOAL
Ca(OH) 2 SUSPENSION
AMMONIAINJECTION
GRATES
For every 4 tons of trash you get about one ton of ashFor every 4 tons of trash you get about one ton of ash
90%90% 10%10%
Why UK should avoid incinerationWhy UK should avoid incineration
7) It produces toxic air emissions 7) It produces toxic air emissions ((nanoparticlesnanoparticles))
8) Incineration is poorly monitored 8) Incineration is poorly monitored (no (no regulation or monitoring of regulation or monitoring of nanoparticlesnanoparticles))
9) There is a far better alternative strategy, 9) There is a far better alternative strategy, which is which is cheaper, creates more jobs and cheaper, creates more jobs and business opportunities, does not create a toxic business opportunities, does not create a toxic ash and is sustainableash and is sustainable..
Incineration, Incineration, nanoparticlesnanoparticles & Health& Health
Statement of EvidenceStatement of EvidenceParticulate Emissions and Health Particulate Emissions and Health
ProposedProposedRingaskiddyRingaskiddy WasteWaste--toto--Energy FacilityEnergy Facility
Professor C. Professor C. VyvyanVyvyan Howard Howard MB. MB. ChBChB. . PhD. PhD. FRCPathFRCPath. . June 2009 June 2009
[email protected]@googlemail.com
Can MPs please get a documented Can MPs please get a documented scientific response to scientific response to
Professor Professor VyvyanVyvyan HowardHoward’’s paper from s paper from the Health Protection Agency that has the Health Protection Agency that has
declared that declared that ““a modern well run a modern well run incinerator poses NO health risksincinerator poses NO health risks””??
“Even if we made incineration safe we would never make it sensible.It simply does not make sense tospend so much money destroying resources we should be sharing with the future.” (PC)
The modern incinerator isThe modern incinerator is attempting to perfect a bad ideaattempting to perfect a bad idea
Our task in the 21st Century is not to Our task in the 21st Century is not to find better ways to destroy discarded find better ways to destroy discarded materialsmaterialsBut to stop making packaging and But to stop making packaging and products that have to be destroyed!products that have to be destroyed!
The Waste problem will not be The Waste problem will not be solved with better solved with better technologytechnology
But withBut withBetter Better organizationorganizationBetter Better educationeducationand better and better industrial designindustrial design
3. The ZERO WASTE 2020 3. The ZERO WASTE 2020 strategystrategy
ZERO WASTE ZERO WASTE IS A IS A NEWNEW
DIRECTIONDIRECTION
NO to INCINERATORS
NO to LANDFILLS
THE THE BACK ENDBACK END
OF OF WASTEWASTE
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
NO to INCINERATORS
NO to LANDFILLS
THE THE FRONT ENDFRONT END
OFOFRESOURCERESOURCE
MANAGEMENT,MANAGEMENT,INDUSTRIAL INDUSTRIAL
DESIGNDESIGN&&
POSTPOST--CONSUMERISMCONSUMERISM
THE THE BACK ENDBACK END
OF OF WASTEWASTE
MANAGEMENTMANAGEMENT
Zero Waste can be approached Zero Waste can be approached with a series of with a series of simplesimple stepssteps
which arewhich arePracticalPracticalCost effective Cost effective andandPolitically acceptablePolitically acceptable
SUMMARYSUMMARY 10 steps to Zero Waste10 steps to Zero Waste
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
RecyclingRecycling
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
EconomicEconomicIncentivesIncentives
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Residual Residual Separation & Separation &
ResearchResearchCenterCenter
EconomicEconomicIncentivesIncentives
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Residual Residual Separation & Separation &
ResearchResearchCenterCenter
Better Better IndustrialIndustrial
DesignDesign
EconomicEconomicIncentivesIncentives
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Residual Residual Separation & Separation &
ResearchResearchCenterCenter
Better Better IndustrialIndustrial
DesignDesign
EconomicEconomicIncentivesIncentives
Temporary LandfillTemporary Landfill
Waste Waste ReductionReductionInitiativesInitiatives
RecyclingRecyclingReuse, Repair Reuse, Repair & Community& Community
CenterCenter
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
Residual Residual Separation & Separation &
ResearchResearchCenterCenter
Better Better IndustrialIndustrial
DesignDesign
EconomicEconomicIncentivesIncentives
Temporary LandfillTemporary Landfill 20202020
RecyclingRecycling
SourceSourceSeparationSeparation
Door to DoorDoor to DoorCollectionCollection CompostingComposting
5. Reuse,5. Reuse,RepairRepair
&&DeconstructionDeconstruction
Reusable itemsReusable items
Value of Los Angeles discarded materialsValue of Los Angeles discarded materials
Reuse, Repair & Reuse, Repair & DeconstructionDeconstruction
Urban Ore, Berkeley, CaliforniaUrban Ore, Berkeley, California
Grossing $3 million per yearGrossing $3 million per year27 full27 full--time welltime well--paid jobspaid jobs
Urban Ore Urban Ore operating for 30 operating for 30 yearsyears
VIDEOS ONLINEVIDEOS ONLINE
Examples of Reuse and Repair Examples of Reuse and Repair CentersCenters from California, Vermont, from California, Vermont, Nova Scotia and AustraliaNova Scotia and AustraliaAmericanAmericanHealthHealthStudies.orgStudies.org
Reuse and Repair CentersReuse and Repair CentersCan be used for:Can be used for:1. Job training (Burlington, Vermont, 1. Job training (Burlington, Vermont,
see video)see video)2. Community education2. Community education3. Community building3. Community building4. Support High St. Charity Shops4. Support High St. Charity Shops5. Research for better industrial 5. Research for better industrial
designdesign
RREEUUSSEE
REPAIRREPAIR
JOBJOBTRAININGTRAINING
COMMUNITYCOMMUNITYACTIVITIESACTIVITIES
BUILDING BUILDING MATERIALSMATERIALS
YARD YARD
COMMUNITY COMPOST/COMMUNITY COMPOST/COMMUNITY GARDENSCOMMUNITY GARDENS
RREESSEEAARRCCHH
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Construction & Construction & Demolition Waste Demolition Waste
RecyclingRecycling
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Construction & Construction & Demolition Waste Demolition Waste
RecyclingRecycling
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Construction & Construction & Demolition Waste Demolition Waste
RecyclingRecycling
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Construction & Construction & Demolition Waste Demolition Waste
RecyclingRecycling
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Resource Recovery ParkResource Recovery Park
Reuse, Repair, Research Reuse, Repair, Research & Community Center& Community Center
Building deconstruction Building deconstruction businessesbusinesses
Materials Recovery Facility Materials Recovery Facility for both domestic waste and for both domestic waste and
commercial and noncommercial and non-- hazardous industrial wastehazardous industrial waste
Construction & Construction & Demolition Waste Demolition Waste
RecyclingRecycling
Businesses using Businesses using recovered secondary recovered secondary materials to make materials to make
new productsnew products
CompostingCompostingFacilityFacility
MaterialsMaterialsRecoveryRecovery
FacilityFacility
1 2 3
ResidualFractionResidualResidualFractionFraction
ResourceResourceRecoveryRecovery
ParkPark
We have to minimize the We have to minimize the residual fraction withresidual fraction with……
1) Waste reduction initiatives1) Waste reduction initiatives2) Economic incentives2) Economic incentives