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International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern
Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017), e-ISSN: 2455-2585
Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 110
A Study on light weight concrete using chemical admixtures
M.PRAVEEN KUMAR 1, CHOPPARA SRUJANA
2
1Assistant Professor, Dept of Civil Engineering, Visvodaya Engineering College, Kavali, Nellor (Dt), AP, India
2PG Scholar, Dept of Civil Engineering, Visvodaya Engineering College, Kavali, Nellore (Dt), AP, India,
E-mail: [email protected].
.
Abstract :Concrete is a construction material composed of cement (commonly Portland cement) as well as
other cementations materials such as fly ash and slag cement, aggregate (generally a coarse aggregate made
of crushed rocks such as limestone, or granite, plus a fine aggregate such as sand), water and chemical
admixtures This chapter presents the detailed experimental programmed of this investigation. It includes
materials and pumice stone used a detailed methodology of experimental programmed, mix proportions,
specimen details, and test set up. The details of the tests conducted to ascertain the basic properties of
constituent materials, the tests conducted on standard specimens and the experiments conducted using
structural components are also explained. 0ne of the disadvantages of conventional concrete is the high self
weight of concrete. Density of the Normal concrete is in the order of 2200 to 2600 kg/m3. This heavy self
weight will make it to some extent an Uneconomical structural material. Attempts have been made in the
past to reduce the self weight of concrete to increase the efficiency of concrete as a structural material. The
light-weight concrete as we call is a concrete whose density varies from 300 to 1850 kg/m3.This project deals
with the development of two types of lightweight concrete the one using lightweight aggregate (Pumice stone)
and the other water floating type using zinc powder, aluminium powder. as an air entraining agent. This also
shows the importance of water/cement ratio as in first type of concrete it relates to the smoothness of the
surface and in second one it is a major factor which controls the expansion of concrete. This work presents
the results of an experimental study investigating the effects pumice for light weight concrete on the
mechanical properties of concrete. Experimental program consisted of compressive and tensile strength a test
was carried out this study aims to investigate the compressive and tensile strength of light weight concrete,
incorporated with zinc powder and aluminium powder at various dosages. For this, a drop weight test was
performed on the 7 days and 28 days cured Plain and light weight concrete samples as per the testing
procedure. The main aim of this experiment is to study the mechanical properties of light weight concrete of
M20 grade with zinc powder added to concrete in different proportions i.e. 0.4%, 0.5%,0.6. Aluminium
powder added to concrete in different proportions 0.5%,1.0% and 1.5% zinc powder with water cement ratio
of 0.42. There are many advantages of having low density. It helps in reduction of dead load, increases the
progress of building, and lowers haulage and handling Costs. The weight of a building on the foundation is
an important factor in design, particularly in the case of weak soil and tall structures. In framed structures,
the beams and columns have to carry load of floors and walls. If floors and walls are made up of light-weight
concrete it will result in considerable economy. Another most important characteristic of light-weight
concrete is the relatively low thermal conductivity.
Keywords: tensile strength, compressive strength, workability, permeability, weight.
I. INTRODUCTION
Concrete is a building material in the human history. It consists of cement, Coarse and Fine Aggregates and
Water. It is no doubt that with the improvement of human civilization concrete will continue to be a governing
construction material in the future. Aerated concrete is relatively homogeneous when compared to normal
concrete, as it does not contain coarse aggregate phase, yet shows vast variation in its properties. The properties
of aerated concrete depend on its microstructure (void±paste system) and composition, which are influenced by
the type of binder used, methods of pore-formation and curing. Although aerated concrete was initially
envisaged as a good insulation material, there has been renewed interest in its structural characteristics in view
of its lighter weight, savings in material and potential for large scale utilisation of wastes like pulverised fuel
ash. Aerated concrete is a highly thermally insulating concrete-based material used for both internal and external
construction. Aerated concrete is well suited for urban areas with high rise buildings and those with high
temperature variations. Pumice stone is a light weight materials by using pumice stone and chemical admixtures
are zinc powder and aluminium powder to find out the mechanical properties of light weight concrete.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 111
CHEMICALS
1. Aluminium powder
Aluminium is factory-made in 2 phases: The Bayer method of processing the mineral ore to get aluminium
oxide, and also the Hall-Heroult method of smelting the aluminium oxide to unleash pure aluminium of
aluminium… really, concerning 0.5 a pound (0.2kg) of carbon is employed for each pound (2.2kg) of atomic
number 13 created. The metallic element aluminium is that the third most plentiful element within the earth’s
crust, comprising 8% of the planet’s soil and rocks (oxygen and element makeup 47% and 28% respectively). In
nature, metal is found solely in chemical compounds with different components like sulphur, silicon, and
oxygen. Pure, bimetallic metal will be economically created solely from aluminium oxide ore. Metallic
aluminium has several properties that create it helpful in a very big selection of applications. It’s lightweight,
strong, nonmagnetic and nontoxic. It conducts heat and electricity and reflects heat and lightweight. It’s sturdy
however simply executable, and it retains its strength underneath extreme cold while not changing into brittle.
The surface of Al quickly oxidizes to make associate degree invisible barrier to corrosion. Further a lot of, Al
will simply and economically be recycled into new merchandise.
2. ZINC POWDER
Zinc is used widely throughout industry; for example it is used as a galvanic coating on steel to prevent
corrosion, and is used a s a constituent of various alloy systems (e.g. With copper in brass) as well as in zinc
base alloys which can be used for die casting (the other alloy constituents are aluminium, copper and). Zinc is an
elemental metal. It is listed on the periodic table as “Zn”, with an atomic number of 30 and an atomic weight of
65.37, and it melts at 7880F (420
0C) . Zinc is usually a gray metallic colour, but it can be polished to a shiny
silver lustre. In nature, it is only found as a chemical compound, not as pure zinc, and can be used as raw
materials for casting and coating.
Fig: 1 Aluminium powder Fig: 2 Zinc powder
A. STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE
The studies have been conducted largely based on the structural properties of concrete and have been
discussed below.
B. COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
The compressive strength of concrete is one of the most important and useful properties of concrete. Strength
is a measure of amount of stress acquired to fail a material. Concrete is strong in compression but weak in tension and
the working stress theory for the concrete design also consider the concrete as a mostly suitable for bearing the
compressive load ; that is why the compressive strength of the material is specified. Since the strength of concrete is a
function of cement hydration process, which is relatively slow, traditionally the specification and the test for concrete
strength are based on specimens cured under standard temperature humidity conditions for a period of 28 days.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 112
Calculation:
Area of the specimen = 22500mm2
Maximum load applied =…………………KN
Ultimate compressive load (N)
= Compressive strength (N/mm2)
Cross section of specimen (mm2)
= ---------------------------------KN
C. TENSILE STRENGTH
In normal structural design of members in flexure, the tensile strength of concrete is important to estimate
the cracking loading. The absence of concrete is important in maintain the continuity in concrete structure for
diminishing the corrosion of reinforced concrete for a liquid retaining structure.
Concrete as we know is relatively strong in compression and weak in tension in reinforced concrete members, little
dependence is placed on the tensile strength of concrete since steel reinforced bars are provided to drying shrinkage,
rusting of steel reinforcement, temperature gradients and many other reasons. Therefore, the knowledge of tensile
strength of concrete is of importance. A concrete road slab is called upon to resist tensile stress from two principal
sources wheel loads and volume change in the concrete. Wheel loads may cause high tensile stresses due to bending,
when there is an inadequate sub grade support. Volume change, resulting from changes in temperature and moisture,
may produce tensile stresses, due to warping and due to the movement of the slab along the sub grade. Stresses due to
volume changes alone may be high. The longitudinal tensile stress in the bottom of the pavement, caused by restraint
and temperature warping, frequently amounts to as much as 2.5MPa at certain periods of the year and the
corresponding stress in the transverse direction is approximately 0.9MPa These stresses are additive to those
produced by wheel loads on unsupported portions of the slab.
Tensile strength=2p/3.14dl
Fig: 3 Split tensile strength
D. WORKABILIY
A theoretical water/cement ratio calculated from the considerations discussed above is not going to give an ideal
situation for maximum strength. Hundred percent compaction of concrete is an important parameter for contributing
to the maximum strength. Lack of compaction will results in air voids whose damaging effect on strength and
durability is equally or more predominant then the presence of capillary cavities. To enable the concrete to be fully
compacted with given effects, normally a higher water/cement ratio than that calculated by theoretical consideration
may be required. That is to say the function of water is also to lubricate the concrete so that the concrete can be
compacted with specified effort forth coming at the site of work. The lubrication required for handling concrete
without segregation, for placing without loss of homogeneity, for compacting with the amount of efforts forth-coming
and to finish it sufficiently easily, the presence of a certain quantity of water is of vital importance. The quality of
concrete satisfying the above requirements is termed as workable concrete. The word “workability “or workable
concrete signifies must wider and deeper meaning than the other terminology “consistency” often used loosely for
workability. Consistency is a general term to indicate the degree of fluidity or the degree of mobility. A concrete
which has high consistency and which is more moble, need not be of right workability for a particular job. Every job
requires a particular workability.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 113
E. LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE
This project deals with the development of light weight concrete using aluminum powder and zinc
powder. Water floating type is the zinc power and the aluminum metal powder as an air entraining agent. This
also shows the importance of water/cement ratio as in first type of concrete it relates to the smoothness of the
surface and is second one it is a major factor which controls the expansion of concrete. All the test specimens
were cubes of size in (150x150x150) mm cast in moulds made of steel. The cubes formed were kept for a time
of 15 to 18 minute under normal room temperature conditions and moulds were removed. They were then
subjected to steam curing and drying. Raw materials are mixed in the desired proportions. To achieve the
possible mix design. A sample of 150x150x150 is prepared by mixing 174gm of aluminium powder and 346
gm.
TABLE I: Materials and Properties of chemical admixtures
Different type of
chemical with %
Compressive
strength
N/mm2
Tensile
strength
N/mm2
7 D 28 D 7 D 28 D
Aluminium-0.4% 12.32 16.53 1.32 2.13
Aluminium-0.5% 11.40 15.30 1.21 1.82
Aluminium-0.6% 09.23 13.25 1.10 1.60
Zinc-0.5% 13.62 18.63 1.42 2.21
Zinc-1.0% 14.24 19.56 1.54 2.31
Zinc-1.5% 12.50 16.28 1.29 2.15
TABLE 2: Acid values
Different type of
chemical with %
Acid (7&28days)
conventional 12.32 21.65
Aluminium-0.4% 9.51 14.20
Aluminium-0.5% 9.12 13.16
Aluminium-0.6% 8.93 11.52
TABLE 3: Base values
Different type of
chemical with %
Base (7&28days)
Conventional 13.82 25.31
Aluminium-0.4% 10.16 14.42
Aluminium-0.5% 9.52 13.62
Aluminium-0.6% 9.10 12.23
F. ADVANTAGES OF LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE
a) Purity of aggregate: Because it is man-made
b) Lower dead load
c) Better physical properties: lower modulus, lower coefficient of thermal expansion, easier drilling
d) Improved durability: This is because of the reduced likelihood of shrinkage and early thermal cracking,
lower permeability and etc.
e) Environmental problems: The benefit can be significant of industrial waste products are used to manufacture
LWA.
f) Offshore Platforms construction: additional buoyancy, better cracking behaviour, lower permeability,
improved freeze-thaw resistance, savings on transport, etc.
g) Demolition
G. DISADVANTAGES OF LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE
a) Reduced resistance to locally concentrated loads b) More brittle
c) Special measures for pumping concrete.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 114
II. LITERATURE REVIEW
Kenneth S. Harmon [1]
in this paper they give brief explanation about light weight concrete. Structural light
weight aggregate is an important and versatile material in modern construction. It has many and varied
applications including multi-storeyed building frames and floors, bridges, offshore oil platforms and prestressed
or precast elements of all types. Many architect, engineers and contractors recognize the inherent economics and
advantages offered by this material, as evidence by the many impressive light weight concrete structures found
today throughout the world. Structural lightweight aggregate concrete solves weight and durability problems in
buildings and exposed structures. Light weight concrete has strength comparable to the normal concrete.
Structural light weight concrete offers design flexibility and substantial savings cost by providing: less dead
load, improved seismic structural response, longer spans better fire ratings etc.
Hjh kamsaiah mohd, ismail (head) [2]
this paper describes the behaviour of light weight concrete. Light weight
concrete can be defined as a type of concrete which includes an expanding agent in that it increases the volume
of the mixture while giving additional qualities such as naillabity and lessened the dead weight. It is lighter than
the conventional concrete. The main specialties of light concrete are its low density and thermal conductivity.
P.C. Aitcin and Mehta P.K, et al (1990) [3] has investigated the influence of four coarse aggregate types
available in Northern California on the compressive strength and elastic behavior of a very high strength
concrete mixture. The four types of coarse aggregates used were Diabase, Limestone, Gravel, and Granite. The
compressive of the concrete for different aggregates at the end of 28 days were 100 MPa (diabase), 97.3MPa
(Limestone), 92.1MPa (Gravel) and 84.8MPa (Granite). The elastic moduli of the aggregates at the end of 28
days were 36.6 GPa (Diabase), 37.9 GPa (Limestone), 33.8 GPa (Gravel) and 31.7 GPa (Granite). From the
strength and elastic moduli data the superior performance of diabase aggregate and limestone aggregate
concretes compared to gravel aggregate and granite aggregate concretes is self-evident. However the highest
compressive strength values and elastic modulus were not found in the same concrete; the diabase aggregate
produced the concrete with highest compressive strength whereas the limestone aggregate that produced
concrete with highest elastic modulus. It has been concluded that four different types of aggregates in a very
high strength concrete mixture (0.275 W/C), compressive strength and elastic modulus of concrete were shown
to be significantly influenced by the mineralogical characteristics of aggregates.
Francois de Larrard et al (1997) [4] has presented a compressive theory describing the influence of aggregate on
the compressive strength of concrete. The distinction of the aggregate is made between the topological and
mechanical aspects. The topological effect also called as confining effect, includes the effect of the volume and
the maximum size of the aggregate, which are described by means of a single physical parameter, the maximum
paste thickness (MPT). MPT is defined as mean distance between two adjacent coarse aggregates. The second
type of effect concerns the bond between paste and aggregate (bond effect), and a limitation of the strength that
originates in the intrinsic strength of the rock. The aim of the research is to understand the role of aggregate in
the compressive strength of structural concrete, from which semi-empirical mathematical models can be derived
and incorporated in software for computer aided mix design and quality control. It has been concluded that the
paste has a certain compressive strength, depending on mixture proportioning parameters (W/C ratio), time and
curing regime.
III. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The benefits of using mineral admixtures in cement are fairly established. They offer benefits with
respect to the cost of manufacturing of cement because fly ash and silica fumes are by-products or waste
materials replacing a part of OPC, hence fewer primary energy and raw materials are required in production of
low cost concrete. This leads to more efforts towards the use of waste materials with lower environmental
impact.
A. OBJECTIVE OF THE PRESENT INVESTIGATION
(1). To estimate the compressive strength of concrete, using the compressive and tensile strength tests specimen
for M20 grade of concrete with aluminum powder and zinc powder added to concrete in different proportions
i.e. 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.5%, 1.0%, and 1.5% with water cement ratio of 0.42.
(2).The experimental investigation has to be conducted on light weight concrete using compressive strength test.
(3).Two different types of chemicals are to be used in the experimental investigation. Cubes size is
150x150x150.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 115
IV. CONCREATE MIX DESIGN
TABLE II: Mix Proportion for M20 Grade Concrete
Water Cement Coarse aggregates Fine aggregates
191.58 478.95 1237.99 529.207
0.4 1 2.33 1.104
Hence the mix is 1: 2.33: 1.10 (designed for M20)
V.EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
A.COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
The compression tests on cubes were conducted according to Indian normal specifications (IS: 516 –
1959. compressive strength Francois DE Garrard et al (1997) has presented comprehensive theory describing the
influence of mixture on the compressive strength of concrete. The distinction of the aggregate is made between
the topological and mechanical aspects. The topological effect also called as confining effect, includes the effect
of the volume and the maximum size of the aggregate, which are described by means of a single physical
parameter, the maximum paste thickness (MPT). MPT is defined as mean distance between two adjacent coarse
aggregates. The second type of effect concerns the bond between paste and aggregate (bond effect), and a
limitation of the strength that originates in the intrinsic strength of the rock. The aim of the research is to
understand the role of aggregate in the compressive strength of structural concrete, from which semi-empirical
mathematical models can be derived and incorporated in software for computer aided mix design and quality
control. It has been concluded that the paste has a certain compressive strength, depending on mixture
proportioning parameters (W/C ratio), time and curing regime.
Fig 4: Compressive strength of cube
B.TENSILE STRENGHT
In normal structural design of members in flexure, the durability of concrete is very important to
estimate the cracking loading. The absence of concrete is very important in maintain the continuity in concrete
structure for decreasing the corrosion of concrete for a liquid holding structure.
Concrete as we all know is comparatively robust in compression and weak in tensionin concrete
members, very little dependence is placed on the durability of concrete since steel reinforced bars area unit
provided to drying shrinkage, rust of steel reinforcement, temperature gradients and lots of other reasons.
Therefore the data of durability of concrete is of importance. A concrete road block is termed upon to resist
tensile stress from two principal sources wheel hundreds and volume modification within the concrete. Wheel
hundreds could cause high tensile stresses attributable to bending, once there's an inadequate sub grade support
volume modification, ensuing from changes in temperature and wet, could turn out tensile stresses, attributable
to warp and attributable to the movement of the block on the sub grade. Stresses attributable to volume changes
alone could also be high .The longitudinal tensile stress within the bottom of the pavement, caused by restraint
and temperature warp, oft amounts to the maximum amount as two. 5MPa at sure periods of the year and
therefore the corresponding stress within the transversal direction is approximately zero.9MPa these stresses are
additive to those made by wheel hundreds on unsupported parts of the block.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 116
Tensilestrength=2p/3.14d
Fig5 : spilt tensile strength
VI. TEST RESULTS
Results of this paper are as shown in bellow Figs6 to 13.
Fig 6 compressive strength of aluminium
powder for 7 and 28 days
Fig 7: unit weight of conventional & aluminium
powder for 7 and 28 day
Fig 8: unit weight of zinc powder conventional
for 7 and 28 days
Fig 9: unit weight of zinc powder and
conventional concrete for 7 &28 days
Conventional
Concrete
alluminium-0.4%
alluminium-0.5%
alluminium-0.6%
7 days 16 12.32 11.4 9.23
28 days 27 16.53 15.3 13.25
05
1015202530
com
pre
ssiv
e s
tre
ngt
h in
N/m
m2
compressive strength for 7&28 days
Conventional
Concrete
alluminium
-0.4%
alluminium
-0.5%
alluminium-0.6%
7 days 2380 1720 1650 1600
28 days 2430 1800 1710 1650
0500
10001500200025003000
un
it w
eig
ht
kg/m
3unit weight for 7&28 days
Conventional
Concrete
Zinc-0.5%
Zinc-1.0%
Zinc-1.5%
7 days 16 13.62 14.24 12.5
28 days 27 18.63 19.56 16.28
05
1015202530
coim
pre
ssiv
e s
tre
ngt
h N
/mm
2 compressive strength for 7&28 days
Conventiona
l Concr…
Zinc-
0.5%
Zinc-
1.0%
Zinc-
1.5%
7 days 2380 1840 1900 1650
28 days 2420 1900 1950 1725
0500
10001500200025003000
un
it w
eig
ht-
kg/m
3
Unit weight for 7&28 days
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 117
.
Fig 10: tensile strength of aluminium and
conventional concrete for 7 &28 days
Fig 11: tensile strength of zinc and conventional
concrete for 7 &28 days
Fig 12: acid values for 7 &28 days of aluminium
powder
Fig 13: base values for 7 &28 days of
aluminium powder
VII. AKNOLEDGEMENT
All authors are grateful to thank to the management of Visvodaya Engineering College, Kavali for the
facility provided to complete the present study.
Conventional
Concrete
aluminium-
0.4%%
aluminium-
0.5%%
aluminium-
0.6%%
7 days 1.7 1.32 1.21 1.1
28 days 2.8 2.13 1.82 1.6
00.5
11.5
22.5
3
ten
sile
str
en
gth
N/m
m2
tensile strength for 7&28 days
Conventional
Concrete
zinc -0.5%
zinc-1.0%
zinc-1.5%
7 days 1.7 1.42 1.54 1.29
28 days 2.8 2.21 2.31 2.15
00.5
11.5
22.5
3
ten
sile
str
en
gth
N/m
m2
tensile strength for 7&28 days
Conventional
Concrete
aluminium
0.4%
aluminium
0.5%
aluminium
0.6%
7 days 12.32 9.51 9.12 8.93
28 days 21.65 14.2 13.16 11.52
0
5
10
15
20
25
acid
val
ue
acid value for 7&28 days
Conventional
Concrete
aluminium-
0.4%
aluminium-
0.5%
aluminium-
0.6%
7 days 13.82 10.16 9.52 9.1
28 days 25.31 14.42 13.62 12.23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
bas
e v
alu
e
base value for 7&28 days
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 118
VIII. CONCLUSIONS
1. Compressive strength obtained in Aluminium powder cubes and Zinc powder are quite high than ordinary
concrete.
2. Due to presence of chemical admixtures, the concrete is lighter weight compared to the conventional
concrete.
3. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 4.21 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 0.4% of aluminium powder.
4. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 3.90 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 0.5% of aluminium powder.
5. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 3.02 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 0.6% of aluminium powder.
6. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 5.01 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 0.5% of Zinc powder.
7. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 5.32 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 1.0% of zinc powder.
8. In compressive strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 3.78 times than conventional
concrete by adding of 1.5% of aluminium powder.
9. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.8 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 0.4% of aluminium powder.
10. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.61 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 0.5% of aluminium powder.
11. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.50 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 0.6% of aluminium powder.
12. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.79 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 0.5% of zinc powder.
13. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.97 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 1.0% of zinc powder.
14. In tensile strength, the strength was observed and it is more than 0.86 times than conventional concrete by
adding of 0.4% of zinc powder.
15. By this project we know the light weight concrete is high strength compared to ordinary concrete
16. As a Civil Engineer we have construct the constructions with most economically and with high strength.
IX. REFERENCES
1 Hjh kamsaiah mohd.Ismail (head)(1999),et al “study of light weight concrete behavior”
2 Kenneth s. harmon PE, California stalite company-United states, “engineering properties of structural
light weight concrete”.
3 B. Devi pravallika 1 K.Venkateswara rao
2 “the study on strength properties of light weight concrete
using light weight aggregates” ijsr, valu 5 issue 6, june 2016.
4 Celik ozyidirim(2009) “durability of structural light weight concrete”.
5 Josef hadi pramana et al (2010) “light weight concrete”.
6 Chen et al (1999) “strength development of light weight concrete”.
7 Rmamoorty (2006) “light weight concrete and light weight aggregate concrete”.
International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science (IJTIMES) Volume 4, Issue 6, June-2018, e-ISSN: 2455-2585, Impact Factor: 5.22 (SJIF-2017)
IJTIMES-2018@All rights reserved 119
8 Aitcin P.C., Mehta P.K., “Effect of Coarse-Aggregate Characteristics on Mechanical Properties of
High Strength Concrete”, ACI Materials Journal, Vol.87, No.2, Mar – Apr (1990), pp.103-107.
9 Senbagum et al (2012) “the proportions, charecterization and different utilization methods of
aggregates”.
10 Er. Arvind singh gaur1, Er. Vikas kumar
2, Er.RP singh
3 “light weight concrete”.
11 Francois de Larrard, Albert Belloc., “The Influence of Aggregate on the Compressive Strength of
Normal and High-Strength Concrete”, ACI Materials Journal, Vol.94, No.5, Sep – Oct (1997), pp.417
– 426.
12 Hemanth k. sarje: “study of performance of light weight concrete”.
13 Ke-Ru Wu, Bing Chen, Wu Yao, and Dong Zhang.,”Effect of Coarse Aggregate type on mechanical
properties of high-performance concrete”, Cement and Concrete Research 31, (2001), 1421-1425.
14 T. Divya bhavana, “study of light weight concrete”.
15 Mix design 10262:2009.
16 Indian code IS 456:2007.
17 SK. Mohamad rafi, B. Amabala “ analytical study on special concrete with M20&M25 grades for
consraction” ijcet , issue2, pg.338,2014.
18 H.K Kim, J.H.Jeon and H.k Lee, “Workability, and mechanical, acoustic and thermal properties of
light weight concrete with a high volume of entrained air,” construction and building material,
vol.29,pp.193-200,2012
Author’s Profile:
M.PRAVEN KUMAR
M. Praven Kumar awarded B.tech with the
specialization of Civil Engineering from and
awarded M.Tech Degree with the specialization of
Structural Engineering from Visvodaya
Engineering college, kavali. At Present working as
Assistant Professor at Visvodaya Engineering
College, Kavali.
CH.SRUJANA
CH.Srujana awarded B.Tech with the
specialization of Civil Engineering from PACE
Institute of Technology & Sciences Engineering
College, Ongole. At Present pursuing M.Tech
Degree in Structural Engineering at Visvodaya
Engineering College, Kavali, AP, India.