A Presentation in Foundations of Education

8/6/2019 A Presentation in Foundations of Education

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�Security and survival

� Conformity

� Preservation and transmission of

traditions



� Vocational

� Religious (Animistic)



�Ways of procuring the basic

necessities of life

� Superstitions



�Home

� Environment



� There was none. There were no gradations

in instruction; neither were there organized

classes.



�All instruction was done informally

�Observation and imitation

�Simple telling and instruction

�Participation



� There was no financing involved.



� The primitive man started the

rudiments of education from whichevolved the modern educational

system today.





�Education was informal,

unstructured, and devoid of methods. Children were provided

more vocational training and less

academics by their parents and inthe houses of tribal tutors.





�The pre-Spanish system of

education underwent majorchanges during the Spanish

colonization.





�Scientific

�Practical�Initiative and welfare

�Religious

�Vocational



�Science education

�Vocational education�Religious education

�Artistic designing

�Avocational training

�Professional education



At the elementary level the subject

studied were reading, writing, arithmetic,

religion, grammar and elementary science.

At higher levels, algebra, geometry,

trigonometry, geometry, physics, chemistry,

geography, astronomy, anatomy, pharmacy,

medicine, surgery, philosophy, history,literature, logic, metaphysics and

jurisprudence.



�Courts of early caliphs

�Elementary schools�Secondary schools

�Kuttab

�Universities



�The mosque

�Kuttab�Elementary schools

�Secondary school

�University



�Repetition and drills

�Memorization and imitation�Lecture, observation and

experimentation



� Elementary is free and higher

levels are not.



�Replacing Roman numerals with figures

borrowed from Hindus, using zero and

the decimal system of notation thatgave digits the value of position. Writing

and computing big numbers were

simplified�Discovery of Algebra and geometry



�Placing importance in the library as

a center of learning

�Using the laboratory and

experimental method in the

teaching of science�The study of applied science







It may sum up ´seek ye first the

kingdom of God and His righteousness

and all these shall be added unto youµ.

Jesus taught new principles to govern

human relationship based on universal

brotherhood.



�Universal and democratic





�Jesus did not organize any school

or social institution. He used no

text book.



� None



�Conversational

�Gnomic

�Parable



� Jesus is considered as an agent

of education who expected no pay.



� Jesus introduced methods we still use today;

for example:

� Adjusted lessons to the experience of students

� Used concrete everyday incidents for his

examples

� Used simplest language to teach the mostprofound truths



� Recognized learned to do by doing

� Encouraged student to question

� Appealed to the imagination

� Stimulated thinking by power of suggestion

� Recognized individual differences and adjusted

his teaching methods to the needs and

capacities of learners.





�Moral regeneration



�Moral and;

�Religious training



� Basic instruction to fits candidates for

baptism, basic element of church doctrine,

rituals and morals virtues of Christ like living made up the brief training. Physical training,

arts, science, literature and rhetoric were

omitted because; there origin is pagan, full of

vices and corruption



�Home

�Catechumenal Schools

�Catechetical Schools

�Cathedral Schools



� Catechumenal Schools was informal; theywere organized for the instruction of those whodesired to become members of the church but

lacked the requisite knowledge of churchdoctrine. Teachers are more able members.Catechetical schools were used primarily forthe training of church leaders. Cathedral

School, the perfected organization. Usuallylocated in the cathedral and were under thedirect supervision of the bishop. They remainthe higher schools of Christian learning.



� Impromptu exposition and exhortation

� Rote recitation

� Catechetical Method

� Method of example



Documents

A Presentation in Foundations of Education