A-parts-of-speech PDCS1.ppt

7/27/2019 A-parts-of-speech PDCS1.ppt

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Unit I

Fundamentals of Grammar

Unit II

Introduction to Business Communication

Unit IIIBusiness Letter Writing

Unit IV

Business Etiquettes and Public Speaking

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Nouns

Pronouns

AdjectivesVerbs

Adverbs

Prepositions

Conjunctions

Interjections

The 8 building blocks of the English language

I t isimportant to understand

that every word in a sentencehas a job to do, a role in the

sentence.


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Nouns- Definition: A word or word group that is usedto name a person, place, thing, quality or anidea.

Person: Mr. Ram likes to eat spinach.

Place: Jaipur is an old town.

Thing: To cook you need a couple ofpots.

Quality: Honesty is a great value to possess.


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KINDS OF NOUN

a)Proper Noun:

was born on

is a holy river of

is capital of

Rahul Monday

New Delhi India

Ganga India

The name of a particular person ,place or thing is

a proper noun


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b) Common Noun:

fly in air

grow everywhere

Cows eat

Birds

grass

Trees

The name shared in common by everyone of the

same class or group is a common noun.

Proper noun becomes common noun when the former is usedin a descriptive manner to refer a class of people or things.

Kalidas is the Shakespeareof India

Jaipur is the Paris of India


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c) Collective Noun:

Indian won the battle

The found the prisoner guilty

The Police dispersed the

Army

Jury

Crowd

The name given to a number of similar things

regarded as one whole group or collection


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d) Material Noun

The Word used for substance of which things

are made is a material noun.

This chair is made of plastic.

Gold is Yellow.

e) Abstract Noun

The word used for action, state or quality isan abstract noun.

Laughter is the best medicine.

Honesty is the best policy.


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Based on Number

Singular NounThe noun which signifies one person,place or

thing is called singular noun.

E.g.-King , Bus, Knife, Child

Plural Noun

The noun which signifies more than one

person, place or thing is called Plural noun.

e.g.-Kings, Buses, Knives, Children


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Based on Gender

Masculine Gender-e.g.-King , Uncle , Son

Feminine Gender

e.g.-Queen, aunt, daughter.


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Pronoun: takes the place of a nounAmit was studying for the mid-term exam when he

realized that it was three oclock in the morning.Types of pronouns:

Personal

Relative Possessive Interrogative Distributive

Indefinite Reflexive Reciprocal

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Personal Pronouns- - Represents Persons.e.g .- I am going

We are going.

Relative -Joins Sentences and relates to noun or pronoun.e.g- Deepak is a customer whose account is still unpaid.

He broke my pen which I brought yesterday.

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Possessive Pronouns-. Those which denote possession.

e.g. Mine, ours, yours, theirs, etc.

Interrogative Pronouns.-Perform the function of askingquestion.

E.g.- Who broke this pen?

Whose Fault is this?


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Distributive Pronouns- - Represents each of the Persons orthings used in a sentence.

e.g .- Each of you have got first division.None of them failed.

Indefinite Pronouns- - Do not represent a definite

Person or thing.

e.g .- Some, Many, Somebody, Nobody.

Demonstrative Pronouns- - This indicate some noun.e.g .- These, that, those.


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Reciprocal Pronouns - These are made of two pronounsand indicate interrelationship between them.

e.g .- each other, one another

Reflexive Pronouns- These indicate influence on thesubject.

e.g .- myself,himself,hereself,yourself.


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Adjective: A word which adds something to

meaning of noun or pronoun

Radha is a beautiful girl.

The rainyday made us even sadder.

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Types of Adjective


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Verb: shows action or state ofbeing

Action: Hewas running through the forest.

State of being: Hewas sad that particular morning.

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Adverb: describes a verb The little girl walked happilythrough the park.

The orphan hungrilyate the hot stew.

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Conjunctions: words that join

words, phrases or sentences Manuel and Marisol loved to cook.

You will go to school, oryou will fail.

I am happybecause I just received my check.

It has been cloudysince the morning.

Created by Jos J. Gonzalez, Jr.

Spring 2002STCC 20


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Article: There are only three articles--the, a , an(Actually, articles are adjectives and not a different part of

speech)

The bicycle was not only red but shiny.

Ayellow moon always appears in October.

An excellent student, Armando passed all his exams.


Spring 2002STCC 21


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Preposition: A word or phrase that shows the relationship

between the noun that it takes as an object and some other

word in the sentence.

The cat was on the table.

The dog was under the table.

These are some common prepositions: For on to up

at under above toward

With between in behind

From upon into off


Spring 2002STCC 22


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Interjections: expressive wordsWow, you knocked that ball out of the park.

Oh, you really need to take care of yourself.

Huh, what did you say?Ah, now I understand the problem.


Spring 2002STCC 23


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Identify each word in the following

sentence The beautiful queen was walking slowly on the

cool lawn, and she was reading a long bookabout knights and kings which she enjoyed.


Spring 2002STCC 24


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The beautiful queen was walking slowly

article adjective noun verb verb adverb

on the cool lawn, and she was reading apreposition article adjective noun conjunction pronoun verb verb

article

long book about knights and kings which adjective noun preposition noun conjunction noun preposition

she enjoyed. Pronoun verb


Spring 2002STCC 25


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Assignment: Identify parts of speech1. The queen knew that she would be the only pretty

woman at the party.

2. The king did not know if he was going to make the

cake, and he was afraid to tell the queen.

3. The thin waitress told the customers that they

desperately needed to go on a diet.

4. I ran many miles every day, and I couldnt lose a

pound.

5. This quiz was a piece of cake.


Spring 2002STCC 26

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A-parts-of-speech PDCS1.ppt