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A new genus and speciesof aleocharine rove beetle(Coleoptera StaphylinidaeAleocharinae Hoplandriini)from the New WorldR. S. Hanley a & J. S. Ashe aa Snow Entomological Collection, Division ofEntomology , University of Kansas Natural HistoryMuseum, Snow Hall, University of Kansas ,Lawrence , Kansas , 66045-2454 , U.S.A.Published online: 01 Aug 2012.

To cite this article: R. S. Hanley & J. S. Ashe (1998) A new genus andspecies of aleocharine rove beetle (Coleoptera Staphylinidae AleocharinaeHoplandriini) from the New World, Tropical Zoology, 11:1, 183-191, DOI:10.1080/03946975.1998.10539360

To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03946975.1998.10539360

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Tropical Zoology 11: 183-191, 1998

A new genus and species of aleocharlne rove beetle (Coleoptera Staphyllnldae Aleocharlnae Hoplandrllnl) &om the New World

R.S. HANLEY andJ.S. AsHE

Snow Entomologjcal Collection, Division of Entomology, University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Snow Hall, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2454, U.S.A.

Received 5 August 1987, accepted 1 December 1987

Based on external structural features and those of the male and female genitalia, the aleocharine staphylinid genus Ligulata, new genus, is proposed and diagnosed, along with L. hansoni, new species (type locality: Costa Rica: San Jose, Zurqui de Moravia). Specimens of L. hansoni were collected using Malaise traps placed within a montane tropical evergreen forest. Among members of the Hoplandriini, Ligulata is most similar to the genus Bessoglossa Pace 1986 and share the following possible synapomorphies: ligula long with numerous setae at apex; and hypoglossal lobes long, comb-like with long, internally curved setae.

KEY WORDS: Insecta, Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Aleocharinae, Hoplandriini, Ligulata, Costa Rica.

Introduction Systematics Ligulata n. gen.

Ligulata hansoni n. sp. Acknowledgements References

INTRODUCTION

183 184 184 189 191 191

Members of the Aleocharinae tribe Hoplandriini seem to be most abundant in tropical areas, especially in the Neotropical and Oriental regions. Currently, there are 9 genera and 147 species of the Hoplandriini recognized for the New World, of which the vast majority occurs in Meso and South America. New World representatives of the Hoplandriini are distinguished from those of other aleocharine tribes by having minute apical pseudosegments on both the maxillary and labial palpi, and 4-5-5 tarsal segmentation.

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Recently, while searching through specimens of unidentified Hoplandriini in the Snow Entomological Museum, University of Kansas Natural History Museum, Law­rence, we encountered specimens that did not apparently belong to any existing hoplandrine genus. The combination of the structure of the maxilla, the long setose ligula, the broadly separated mesocoxae, and male genitalic characters led us to conclude that these specimens represent a new genus and new species, which we characterize and distinguish from related taxa.

SYSTEMATICS

Ligulata n. gen. (Figs 1-13)

Diagnosis. This genus is distinguishable from other New World genera of Ho­plandriini by the following combination of characters: "velvety patch" of mandibles modified into series of rows of teeth (typical "velvety patch" present in Hoplandria Kraatz 1857, Nosora Casey 1911, Tetrallus Bernhauer 1905, Tinotoma Cameron 1923, or "velvety patch" with a distinct "velvety" area with a single anterior row of teeth in Tinotus Sharp 1883, and Platandria Casey 1893); galea of lacinea with very long, fine hairs (hairs short in all other New World hoplandrine genera, including Bessoglossa Pace 1986); length of ligula long (short in Acantoxyura Pace 1987, Diaboligenus Bierig 1939, Nosora, Platandria, Tetrallus, Tinotoma, Tinotus); apex of ligula not forked (apex of ligula forked in all other New World hoplandrine genera, including Bessoglossa); ligula with numerous long setae at apex (setae absent in Acantoxyura, Nosora, Tinotoma); mesosterna! process without a prominent median carina (median carina present only in Tinotus); mesocoxae widely separated (narrowly separated in Acanto­xyura, Diaboligenus, Nosora, Platandria, Tetrallus, Tinotoma); meso- and metasternal processes contiguous (meso- and metasternal processes not contiguous in Diaboligenus, Nosora, Plantandria, Tetrallus, Tinotoma).

Even though Diaboligenus is included in our diagnosis, it most certainly is not a member of the Hoplandriini. Based on our examination of a specimen of Diaboligenus identified by Bierig and specimens of Ctenopeuca Bernhauer 1915 (Oxypodini), we conclude that Diaboligenus is likely synonymous with Ctenopeuca, with the latter having priority.

Description. Lengths of adults of known species 2.4-3.4 mm. Body (Fig. 1) robust, elongate in dorsal outline, more-or-less tapering from broad base of pronotum and elytra towards apex of abdomen, convex in cross section. Body with pronotum and elytra reddish-brown throughout, head and most of abdomen dark brown to black. Body moderately densely pubescent with fine microsetae. Prominent macrose­tae present on head, pronotum, and abdomen. Surface sculpture faintly reticulate, body more-or-less shiny.

Head. Distinctly broader than long. Eyes moderate in size, 0.4 to 0.6 times length of head. Neck absent. Infraorbital carina strongly developed and complete. Antenna with 11 antennomeres; articles 4 and 5 elongate, similar to 5 to 10 in setation and sculpture; 6-9 slightly elongate; articles 9 to 10 quadrate.

Mouthparts. Labrum (Fig. 2) with epipharyngeal area with medial pores modera­tely large, numerous, more or less uniformly distributed in well-delimited, longitu-

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A new genus and species of Aleocharinae 185

Fig. 1. - Ligulata hansoni n. sp., adult: dorsal habitus.

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Figs 2-6. - Ligulata hansoni n. sp., adult: Fig. 2, labrum, dorsal aspect; Fig. 3, labrum, adoral aspect (epipharynx); Fig. 4, mandible, dorsal aspect; Fig. 5, mandible, ventral aspect; Fig. 6, maxilla, dorsal aspect.

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A new genus and species of Aleocharinae 187

dina! sensory field; numerous, moderately large pores present between longitudinal sensory field and lateral sclerotized areas (Fig. 3). Mandibles (Figs 4-5) asymmetrical with right with a distinct median tooth, left without median tooth; apex more or less acute and curved downwards; abcondylar molar patch moderate in size with denticles very small, densely arranged in irregular transverse rows; dorsobasal "velvety patch" modified into four transverse rows of moderately large teeth; ventral aspect with outer basal angle with three distinct setae. Maxilla (Fig. 6) with lacinia about as long as galea, lacinia acute apically, teeth on adoral margin relatively long and moderately closely placed, with numerous setae and two large spinose setae on dorsal surface; galea broad and obliquely truncate apically, membranous in apical 1/2 to 1/3, densely covered with rows of very long, fine hairs; maxillary palpi with four articles and a weakly defined pseudosegment, articles 2 and 3 with numerous long setae, articles 4 and pseudosegment without setae. Labium (Fig. 7) with ligula elongate, as long or longer than labial palpi 1 + 2, broadened apically with rounded apex, with numerous long hairs; two long, medial setae of prementum present, insertion of setae close; real pores and setal pores present; median pseudopore field narrow and linear, lateral pore field with a single setose pore and two asetose pores; hypoglossal lobes long, comb-like with long, internally curved setae (Fig. 8). Labial palpi (Fig. 7) elongate with three distinct articles, with very weakly defined apical pseudosegments; article 1 about 3. 7 times longer than article 2, article 3 about 2. 9 times longer than article 2; twin pores and median pore present. Mentum with apical margin broadly concave with antero­lateral angles obtusely rounded; many sensory pores more-or-less uniformly distribut­ed in middle 2/3.

Thorax. Pronotum (Fig. 1) about 1. 7 times wider than long, strongly convex, about as wide at base as base of elytra. Setae densely distributed, directed primarily posteriorly. Hypomera strongly inflexed, not visible in lateral aspect. Elytra modera­tely broad, slightly wider apically than basally; apico-lateral angles slightly sinuate; elytra together about 1.9-2.2 times as wide as long; microsetae numerous, uniformly distributed and directed posteriorly. Mesosternum (Fig. 9) without medial carina. Mesocoxal cavities (Fig. 9) widely separated by meso- and metasternal processes. Mesosterna! process longer than metasternal process, extended to basal 1/5 of coxal cavities; meso- and metasternal processes in contact; metasternal process rounded; isthmus absent. Metasternum shorter than width of mesocoxae, without medial carina. Macrosetae pre~ent on metasternum; absent from mesosternum. Legs with tarsal formula 4-5-5: tarsal claws long and slender, with single empodial bristle, empodial bristle longer than tarsal claws; article 1 of hind tarsus about 1.3 times length of article 2; articles 2-4 subequal in length; article 5 subequal in length to combined lengths of articles 3-4.

Abdomen (Fig. 1). Tapering apically to broadly pointed apex; terga III to V (VI slightly) with moderately deep transverse basal depressions. Tergites and sternites with prominent macrosetae. Tergite IX with distinct crescent-shaped setal pattern (Fig. 10).

Secondary sexual characteristics. Absent.

Aedeagus (Fig. 11). Paramere (Fig. 12) with apical lobe of paramerite relatively short and narrow, two basal setae longer than two apical setae.

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Figs 7-10. - Ligulata hansoni n. sp, adult: Fig. 7, labium, ventral aspect; Fig. 8, labium, adoral aspect (hypopharynx); Fig. 9, mesocoxal cavities; Fig. 10, abdominal tergite IX.

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A new genus and species of Aleocharinae 189

Spermatheca (Fig. 13). Basal bulb simple, apex broadly rounded; neck with about 90 bend. Spermathecal tube membranous, loosely curved.

Etymology. The name of this genus reflects the distinctive morphology of the ligula.

Type species. Ligulata hansoni Hanley & Ashe, here designated.

Discussion. Specimens of Ligulata superficially resemble those of Platandria. However they differ from this latter genus in structure of the maxilla, the long setose ligula and the broadly separated mesocoxae [see GENIER & KLIMASZEWSKI (1986) for a discussion of characters of Platandria].

Ligulata appears to be closely related to the genus Bessoglossa with which it shares the following possible synapomorphies: ligula long with numerous long setae at apex; and hypoglossal lobes long, comb-like with long, internally curved setae. Unfortunate­ly, this hypothesis of relationship remains tenuous because we have not been able to study specimens of Bessoglossa. The genus was originally described by PAcE (1986) from one specimen of the type species, Bessoglossa peruviana Pace 1986. The specimen was noted in the original description to have been deposited in the Zoologisches Museum an der Humbolt-Universitat zu Berlin. However, after a request of the curator of Coleoptera (Zoologisches Museum-Humbolt Universitat) to search for the type specimen of B. peruviana, no such specimen was reported found. In fact, they reported that the type specimen of B. peruviana is deposited in the collection of Prof. Dr. Herbert Franz. Subsequent efforts to locate this specimen have not been suc­cessful.

The decision to describe a new genus to contain the single species described here is confounded by the fact that this species is similar to the description and figures provided for Bessoglossa, and we were uncertain about whether it should be separated from this latter genus. However, the species described here in Ligulata differs in structure of the ligula and the galea of the maxilla, and we concluded that it should not be included in the same genus.

PAcE's (1986) description and illustrations of Bessoglossa peruviana indicate that the ligula of the labium of this species is bifid into divergent lobes with numerous long, divergent apical setae. In addition, PAcE's figure of the maxilla of Bessoglossa indicates that the setae on the galea are not elongate, and the figure of the lacinia does not provide sufficient detail for us to evaluate the similarities between Bessoglossa and Ligulata. Finally, PAcE's description does not mention the very broadly separated mesocoxae of the species of Ligulata. Because of these differences, we feel justified in recognizing the genus Ligulata. However, we are very aware that discovery and examination of the type of Bessoglossa peruviana, or the discovery of additional species of either Bessoglossa or Ligulata, may show that all of these species should be placed in a single genus, the valid name of which would be Bessoglossa.

Distribution. Known from the type locality of the described species.

Ligulsts hsnsoni n. sp. (Figs 1-13)

Description. Body length 2.4-3.4 mm. Body with pronotum and elytra reddish­brown throughout, head and most of abdomen dark brown to black. Body covered throughout with moderately long pile of microsetae; few macrosetae present, mostly

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190 R. S. Hanley and J. S. Ashe

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Figs 11-13.- Ligulata hansoni n. sp., adult: Fig. 11, median lobe of aedeagus; Fig. 12, paramere; Fig. 13, spermatheca.

restricted to the abdomen. Head, pronotum and abdomen obsoletely reticulate, integument moderately shining; elytra distinctly reticulate, integument dull in appear­ance. Ligula (Fig. 7) with numerous long setae especially at apex. Antennae (Fig. 1) moderate elongate, reaching near basal third of elytra when extended posteriorly; article 1 elongate, 2-3 each about half the length of 1; 4-5 slightly longer than wide; 6-8 quadrate; 9-10 increasingly more transverse and incrassate; article 11 about twice as long as wide. Pronotum (Fig. 1) convex medially; transverse, about 1. 7 times wider than long; four macrosetae present near lateral margins. Elytra (Fig. 1) moderately broad, slightly wider apically than basally. Abdominal terga (Fig. 1) with numerous, prominent macrosetae and microsetae.

Male secondary sexual characteristics. Absent.

Aedeagus. Aedeagus as in Fig. 11. Parameres as in Fig. 12.

Spermatheca. Spermatheca as in Fig. 13.

Holotype. Male, with label as follows: Costa Rica: San Jose, Zurqui de Moravia, 1600 m; III.1994, P. Hanson, ex. malaise; holotype, Ligulata hansoni Hanley & Ashe, Desig. R.S. Hanley & J.S. Ashe, 1997. Deposited in the Snow Entomological Collection (Division of Entomology), KU Natural History Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas.

Paratypes. Same locality, collector, and collecting method data as holotype, collecting dates vary as follows (number of specimens in parentheses): IX-X.1993 (1), XI-XII.1993 (1), II.1994 (4 [2 on slides]), 111.1994 (6), IV.1994 (4), VI-VII.1994 (1), V.1994 (1), 11.1995 (2). Paratypes are deposited in the Snow Entomological Collection and the Insect Collection of the Universidad de Costa Rica.

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A new genus and species of Aleocharinae 191

Distribution. Known only from the type locality.

Etymology. Named in honor of Paul Hanson who collected these specimens.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We thank Dr K.-J. Ahn for his assistance with this research, and Ms S.L. Taliaferro for her wonderful artwork. This research was supported by NSF Grant DEB-9521755 awarded to James S. Ashe. Contribution number 3197 from the Snow Entomological Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence.

REFERENCES

GENIER F. & I<LIMA.SZEWSKI}. 1986. Review of the types of the genus Pkltandria Casey with a key to the species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Aleocharinae). Coleopterists Bulletin 40 (3): 201-216.

PACER. 1986. Aleocharinae del Peru (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) (LXXXV Contributo alia cono­scenza delle Aleocharinae). Redia 69: 417-467.

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