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A National Perspective on Geosciences at Community Colleges
Leila M. GonzalesAmerican Geological Institute
Community Colleges at a Glance
• 750,164 Associate’s degrees conferred in 2008– 2,268 geoscience and geoscience-related AA/AS
degrees• Higher pool of diversity than in 4-yr
institutions (esp. Hispanic students)• Transfer potential
– ~67% of students intend to obtain a bachelor’s degree. (Special Analysis 2008, Condition of Education, NCES)
Enrollment Trends at 4-year Institutions
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,0001
95
6
19
58
19
60
19
62
19
64
19
66
19
68
19
70
19
72
19
74
19
76
19
78
19
80
19
82
19
84
19
86
19
88
19
90
19
92
19
94
19
96
19
98
20
00
20
02
20
04
20
06
20
08
20
10
Stu
den
ts
Year
US Geoscience Enrollments1955-2010
Undergraduate
Graduate
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program
Degree Trends at 4-year Institutions
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,0001
97
31
97
41
97
51
97
61
97
71
97
81
97
91
98
01
98
11
98
21
98
31
98
41
98
51
98
61
98
71
98
81
98
91
99
01
99
11
99
21
99
31
99
41
99
51
99
61
99
71
99
81
99
92
00
02
00
12
00
22
00
32
00
42
00
52
00
62
00
72
00
82
00
92
01
0
De
gre
es
Aw
ard
ed
Year
US Geoscience Degrees Granted1973-2010
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctorate
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
1976 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
En
roll
me
nt
or
De
gre
es
Minority Participation in U.S. Universities (4-year)
African American (Enrollment) African American (Degrees)
Hispanic (Enrollment) Hispanic (Degrees)
Native American (Enrollment) Native American (Degrees)
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from the NCES Digest of Education Statistics
Minority Representation at 4-year Institutions
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
All Science and
Engineering
Biological sciences
Computer sciences
Earth, atmospheric,
and ocean sciences
Mathematical sciences
Physical sciences
Chemistry Physics Social sciences
Engineering
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
De
gre
es
C
on
ferr
ed
to M
ino
riti
es
Percentage of Degrees Conferred to Underrepresented Minorities(1997-2006)
Bachelor's
Master's
Doctoral
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from NSF's Degrees awarded, by field, citizenship, and race/ethnicityof recipients: 1997–2006
Minority Representation at 4-year Institutions
0.6% 0.8% 0.8% 0.8% 0.6% 0.7%
1.2% 1.3% 1.5% 1.2% 1.7% 1.8%
2.8%3.4%
3.7%3.6% 3.2%
4.1%
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Pe
rce
nt o
f D
eg
ree
s C
on
ferr
ed
Geoscience Degrees Conferred to Minorities (2003-2008)
Native American African American Hispanic
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from IPEDS.
Minority Representation at 4-year Institutions
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%19
90
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Perc
enta
ge o
f Geo
scie
nce
Deg
rees
C
onfe
rred
to W
omen
Percentage of Geoscience Degrees Conferred to Women by Degree Level(1990-2009)
Bachelor'sMaster'sDoctorate
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program. Data derived from AGI's Directory of Geoscience Departments
Degree Gender Parity at 4-year Institutions
Community College Trends• 233 of 1685 community colleges have degree programs in
the geosciences or related physical sciences.
– 145 offer “general” geoscience programs. • Physical Science, Environmental Science, Natural Science
– 76 offer “core” geoscience programs. • Geology/Earth Science, Atmospheric Science, Hydrology,
Oceanography,• CA = 44, TX = 12
• Community college adaptability to changing workforce requirements– New programs in renewable energy, sustainable development,
etc.
Participation of Under-represented Minorities
0%
2%
4%
6%
8%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
1976 1980 1990 2000 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
To
tal E
nro
llm
en
t
Minority Participation in U.S. 2-year College Enrollments
African American Hispanic Native American
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from the NCES Digest of Education Statistics
Gender Parity in College Enrollments
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
To
tal E
nro
llm
en
tParticipation of Women in
U.S. 2-year College Enrollments
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from the NCES Digest of Education Statistics
Degrees Conferred
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
All
G
eo
sc
ien
ce
De
gre
es
Nu
mb
er
of
De
gre
es
Co
nfe
rre
d
Geoscience Associate's Degrees by Type of Program (1984-2008)
Total Number of Geoscience Degrees Geoscience Technology (%)General Geoscience (%) Core Geocience (%)Geoscience Engineering (%)
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from IPEDS
Minority Participation
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
Per
cen
tag
e o
f D
egre
es C
on
ferr
ed
Percentage of Geoscience Associate's Degrees Conferred to Underrepresented Minorities
(1995-2008)
General Geoscience
Core Geoscience
Technical Geoscience
All Degrees
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from IPEDS
Gender Parity
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Per
cen
tag
e o
f D
egre
es C
on
ferr
ed
Percentage of Geoscience Associate's DegreesConferred to Women
(1984-2008)
General Geoscience
Core Geoscience
Technical Geoscience
All Degrees
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from IPEDS
Faculty Information
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Nu
mb
er
of
De
pa
rtm
en
ts
Number of Faculty
Geoscience Department Size at 2-year Institutions(2010)
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from AGI's Directory of Geoscience Departments
Faculty Information
56%
11%
22%
5% 5%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
0% 1-25% 26-50% 51-75% 76-100%
Pe
rce
nta
ge
of
Ge
os
cie
nc
e D
ep
art
me
nts
Percentage of Faculty who are Women
Faculty Gender Parity in Geoscience Departments at 2-year Institutions
(2010)
Source: AGI Geoscience Workforce Program, data derived from AGI's Directory of Geoscience Departments
Where do we go from here?
• Update DGD with information from H. Macdonald– NCES, DGD information merge.
• Information on faculty diversity
