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A Nation is Born: The Age of Reason (1750-
1800)
American LiteratureMs. Oliveira
ComparisonEnlightenment
Reason and science over faith People by nature are good Sought to draw on the new
scientific knowledge of the Renaissance to improve the human condition by improving man's institutions, government
Writing was public writing-newspapers, magazines, almanacs- Political writing most important
Puritans Main concern was the hereafter Man sinning was inevitable Government was a theocracy Theological Studies, hymns,
histories, diaries and histories- purpose was to provide spiritual insight and instruction or self-examination
Age of Reason or The Enlightenment 1750-1789 Writers and thinkers valued reason over faith Provided the philosophical basis of the American Revolution
= a blueprint for the organization of a democratic society. Started in Europe with Voltaire, Galileo, Sir Isaac Newton,
Rousseau, John Locke In America, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine and Thomas
Jefferson – Declaration of Independence and U.S. Constitution
Cultural Identity During this period, America began to
establish a cultural identity of its own Theaters built Colleges established: University of North
Carolina (Chapel Hill) and Blount College (UT)
Painters and music writers emerged
Benjamin Franklin: The Rationalist 1706-1790 One of 17 children 1722 become vegetarian to save
money for books Left school early to work, and by
the age of 24, he was a prosperous merchant, owner of a print shop, and published a newspaper (Silence Dogood-satirize daily life in politics)
Moved to Philly at 17- promoted paved streets, sewer line, street lights
Inventor (42 retired from printing)- lightening rod, bifocals, Franklin stove, odometer
Started Autobiography in 1771 (65 yrs.) added 3 more sections- never completed
Franklin Funnies
Phillis Wheatley 1753?-Born in west Africa;
brought to America when 8 yrs. old
Given her name by owners and converted to Christianity
Native language was not English Owners recognized her
intelligence and taught her Latin and Greek classics, English poetry and Bible
13- first poem published Freed in 1773- last yrs of life filled
with sorrow: 3 children died, husband jailed for debt, lost recognition as poet
Died alone and impoverished in 1784
First writer of African descent to gain a voice in America
Patrick Henry“Give me liberty or give me
death!” 1765-elected to the
Virginia House of Burgesses
Opposed the Stamp Act on all printed paper
1775- Delivered most famous speech t the Virginia Provincial Convention-urged armed resistance to Britain (unlike many others)
Speech had a powerful impact on the audience- revolutionary spirit that led to the Declaration of Independence
Revolutionary Romps