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A Look Inside the San Andreas fault at
Parkfield Through Vertical Seismic
Profiling
Chavarria, Malin, Catchings, and ShalevScience, 302, pp 1746-1748, 2003
Nick SchmerrApril 9, 2007
ASU EarthScope Seminar
Event Migration
•Migrate data from 43 microearthquakes and 11 calibration shots to the Pilot Hole of the Vertical Seismic Profile array
•3-component 15-Hz seismometers at 32 levels every 40 meters in depth from 200-1400 m below sea level (900-1200 m below the surface)
Chavarria et al., Science, 2003
• Kirchoff Migration detects scattering features
• Direct P and S muted to prevent interference with secondary arrivals
• P-P , P-P with conversions, S-S energy
7.5 s 15 s
Chavarria et al., Science, 2003
ResultsChavarria et al., Science, 2003
• Two secondary faults dipping to the NE at 2-3 km depth (a,b)
• Previously detected fault from SAFOD (d)
• Fault extending several km in depth (c)
• San Andreas Fault Zone
ResultsChavarria et al., Science, 2003
• Two secondary faults dipping to the NE at 2-3 km depth (a,b)
• Previously detected fault from SAFOD (d)
• Fault extending several km in depth (c)
• San Andreas Fault Zone
Implications
•Scattering zone coincides with the location of low-resistivity along the SAFZ indicating the presence of fluid or altered materials
•The migration predicts SAFOD will pass through a previously unknown fault along the SAFZ
•Will help to improve structural models of SAFZ
•Additional Thoughts:
•Are all interfaces necessarily faults and cracks, or are they geologic contacts?
•How robust are the undiscussed interfaces?