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CCrreeaattiivvee PPrroodduuccttssThe ALLAN BLOCK family of products offer a world ofpossibilities for creating beautiful landscapes. Whetheryou’re working in the garden, the surrounding landscape,or on a major retaining wall, our package of creativeproducts will deliver.
CCrreeaattiivvee PPeeoopplleeThe true strength found in every ALLAN BLOCK can be traced to the creative team of professionals that manufacture and deliver the product to you. Look to our growing network of manufacturers, engineers, designers and contractors to deliver a world class package for your next project.
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Creative SSolutionsOur quality products combined with our talented professionals give you creative solutions that work. Every day, on city streets, backyard landscapes and commercial properties, ALLAN BLOCK delivers proven performance. Build your own creative solutions, build with ALLAN BLOCK. Allan Block Design Manual
Product Profile 3-4 Concept 5-6Gravity Walls 7-8Geogrid Walls 9-10 Applications 11Other Reinforcement Options 12Plan 13-14Design 15-16Build 17-18Specifications 19-20Geogrid Engineering Charts 21-22
A Complete Family of Wall ProductsAllan Block’s broad product line allows you to design retaining walls to meet specificengineering and site requirements. Select the right block for the job.
Product Options• Most units will be stocked in at least two standard colors.• Custom colors may be available on a per job basis.• Check with your local Allan Block Dealer for exact details
and product availability.
3Table 3.2See references 4, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14
Standard Product SpecificationsCompressive Strength 3000 psi 20.67 MPA
Absorption Northern Climates 7.5 lb/ft3 120 kg/m3
Absorption Southern Climates 10 lb/ft3 160 kg/m3
Unit Density - Hollow 125 lb/ft3 2002 kg/m3
Unit Shear Strength 645 lb/ft 9406 N/m
AB Stones 12° 1 sq ft. approx. 73 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 17 5/8 in. L11 blk per m2 33.1 kg 190 mm H x 302 mm D x 448 mm L
AB Classic 6° 1 sq ft. approx. 73 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 17 5/8 in. L11 blk per m2 33.1 kg 190 mm H x 302 mm D x 448 mm L
AB Three 3° 1 sq ft. approx. 73 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 17 5/8 in. L11 blk per m2 33.1 kg 190 mm H x 302 mm D x 448 mm L
Classic 6° 1 sq ft. approx. 73 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 17 5/8 in. L11 blk per m2 33.1 kg 190 mm H x 302 mm D x 448 mm L
Jumbo Junior 6° 0.5 sq ft. approx. 35 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 9 1/2 in. D x 8 1/2 in. L22 blk per m2 15.9 kg 190 mm H x 241 mm D x 216 mm L
Lite Stone 6° 0.5 sq ft. approx. 36 lbs 3 3/4 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 17 5/8 in. L22 blk per m2 16.4 kg 95 mm H x 302 mm D x 448 mm L
Half Lite 6° 0.25 sq ft. approx. 18 lbs 3 3/4 in. H x 11 7/8 in. D x 8 3/4 in. L45 blk per m2 8.2 kg 95 mm H x 302 mm D x 222 mm L
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Name Setback Coverage Weight Approximate Dimensions
Dover 6° 1 sq ft. approx. 75 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 10 1/2 in. D x 17 1/8 in. L12 blk per m2 34.1 kg 190 mm H x 267 mm D x 435 mm L
Palermo 6° 0.5 sq ft. approx. 36 lbs 7 1/2 in. H x 10 1/2 in. D x 8 9/16 in. L22 blk per m2 16.4 kg 190 mm H x 267 mm D x 218 mm L
Barcelona 6° 0.5 sq ft. approx. 37 lbs 3 3/4 in. H x 10 1/2 in. D x 17 1/8 in. L23 blk per m2 16.8 kg 95 mm H x 267 mm D x 435 mm L
Bordeaux 6° 0.25 sq ft. approx. 19 lbs 3 3/4 in. H x 10 1/2 in. D x 8 9/16 in. L45 blk per m2 8.6 kg 95 mm H x 267 mm D x 218 mm L
Old World Antique
Classic Cut Stone
Style & Performance
Name Setback Coverage Weight Approximate Dimensions
Name Setback Coverage Weight Approximate Dimensions
Patterned WallsBy combining our Allan Blocks into a blended pattern,you can build Ashlar or Abbey Blend Walls.
Ashlar Blend
Abbey Blend
Table 3.1
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Products
Systems
The Allan Block Collections give you a choice of styles tomeet your site and design requirements. Use the basicgravity wall system for smaller wall projects. For taller wallprojects use the geogrid reinforcement system, orconsider optional techniques using masonry, rock bolts,soil nails or earth anchors. • Large blocks for
major structures
• Small blocks forlight landscaping
• Product options- Corner blocks- Capstones- Colors- Straight face or patterned walls
• Setback options12°, 6°, or 3°
• Gravity walls
• Reinforcement options- Geogrid- Masonry- Soil nailing- Earth anchors- Rock bolts
AB Classic
The AB Collection - Professional & Rugged
Ashlar Blend
The Ashlar Collection - Classic Cut Stone
The Europa Collection - Old World Antique
Abbey Blend
The AB Collectionhas been afavorite of wallbuilders for years.
The AshlarCollection’s stronglines and rough hewntexture will make anylandscape a classic.
The EuropaCollection’s oldworld look addswarmth andbeauty to anyproject.
Mortarless ConstructionMortarless technology works. Building “flexible structures” withinterlocking dry-stacked materials provides superior performanceover rigid construction techniques. Add the benefits inherent in amortarless system - site adaptability, installation by generallaborers, lower cost - and you have what we call the Allan BlockAdvantage.
Built-In EngineeringBuilt-In InterlockEvery Allan Block is firmly locked in place by the patented front lip.No pins, no mortar, no fancy connectors.
Built-In SetbackThe raised front lip automatically establishes the proper setback.Choose from 12�, 6�, or 3� systems.
Built-In DrainageThe hollow-core design combines with mortarless construction toallow water to drain freely from behind the wall. Incidental watermoves easily through a vertical drain that is formed by the layer ofwall rock placed behind the block and in the block cores. Thedry-stack construction technique allows the water to escape byflowing around the blocks and out the wall face. This built-indrainage helps to eliminate water pressure.
Allan Block’s built-in features make retainingwalls easy to engineer and simple to build.These simple engineering features make theAllan Block Collections the most efficient andreliable products on the market.
Built-In SetbackBuilt-In Interlock
Mortarless construction has been used for centuries.
Built-In Drainage
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Engineered For Simplicity
12º� 6º� 3º�approximate setbacks
Hollow-Core SystemAllan Block’s exclusive hollow-core product designprovides many benefits over solid systems.• Superior drainage.• Faster drying in wet environments.• Better resistance to freeze-thaw cycles.• Improved efflorescence control.• Easier handling, faster installation, lower labor
costs.• Block-to-block interlock created from wall rock in
the blocks.• Lower production and freight costs.
Patterned Walls
CCoonncceepptt
From light landscape terraces to major structural walls,the Allan Block family of products will cover yourlandscape. Design with fluid curves or strong straightlines or add stairway details. Change the color, shapeor size. Allan Block gives you unlimited design options.
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Function
• Mortarless construction- No footings- No mortar- No grout
• Engineering features- Built-in interlock- Built-in setback- Built-in drainage
• Hollow-core system
Form
• Stone face or patterned walls
• Natural colors
• Clean lines
• Fluid curves
Designed For Options
Stairways
Fluid Curves
Stone Face
Rock Face
Color Banding
A retaining wall that relies solely on it’s own weight to stand up is called a gravity wall.Allan Block combines the basic engineering principles of setback, leverage and totalunit mass with simple mechanics to make highly stable gravity walls.
Setback & Sliding WedgeEvery retaining wall supports a “wedge” of soil. The wedge isdefined as the soil which extends beyond the failure plane of thesoil type present at the wall site, and can be calculated oncethe soil friction angle is known. As the setback of the wallincreases, the size of the sliding wedge is reduced. This reductionlowers the pressure on the retaining wall. See references 4, 10, 20
Gravity Wall AnalysisBefore you analyze any retaining wall make sure you have an accurate picture of the job site conditions. Every retainingwall must be engineered to withstand the pressure from the soils and other loads behind and above them. Standardgravity wall analysis considers sliding, bearing and overturning forces. On sites with slopes and surcharges a globalstability check will also be necessary.
SlidingAbility of the structure toovercome the horizontalforce applied to the wall.Factor of safety = 1.5
OverturningAbility of the structure toovercome the overturningmoment created by therotational forces applied tothe wall.Factor of safety = 2.0
Bearing CapacityAbility of the underlying soilto support the weight of thestructure.Factor of safety = 2.0
Leverage and Total Unit MassAs the setback of a gravity wall increases, the leverage from course to course increases.This added leverage allows you to build taller walls before reinforcement is needed.
With the hollow core design, Allan Block comes to the job site weighing less than solid,heavy block. Once the cores are filled, the Allan Block units develop the same unit massas solid blocks. This mass combines withthe setback to determine the maximumgravity wall heights.See Table 8.1. See reference 4
Global StabilityAbility of the internalstrength of the soil tosupport the complete soilmass. Contact local designspecialist for help inevaluating your site.
OTHER CONSIDERATIONS: • Slopes • Surcharges • Terraces See reference 4
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Gravity Walls
Allan Block’s 12�� system can achievewall heights up to 5.5 ft. (1.68 m)
without reinforcement in good soils witha level slope above.
GGrraavviittyy WWaallllss
Sliding ResistanceFA = Active force on wall = 0.5 (��S) (KA) H2 = 156 lb/ft (2,295 N/m)KA = Active pressure coefficient
W = Total weight of wall = ��w (H) (d) = 434 lb/ft (6,639 N/m)FV = Vertical force on wall from retained soils = FA SIN (��W) = 53 lb/ft (785 N/m)FH = Horizontal force on wall from retained soils = FA COS (��W) = 147 lb/ft (2,157 N/m)FR = Force resisting sliding = (W + FV) TAN�� = 281 lb/ft (4,130 N/m)
Safety factor against sliding: SFS = FR = 281 lb/ft (4,130 N/m) = 1.91 � 1.5 OKFH 147 lb/ft (2,157 N/m)
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• Setback
• Sliding wedge
• Leverage
• Total unit mass
AB Gravity Wall - Maximum HeightsSoil Type PHI 3�� 6�� 12��
Firm to Silty Clay 27�� 2.5 ft 2.75 ft 3.25 ft
0.76m 0.84m 1m
Silty Sand 32�� 3.0 ft 3.5 ft 4.45 ft
0.9m 1.07m 1.36m
Clean Sand/Gravel 36�� 3.5 ft 4.0 ft 5.5 ft
1.07m 1.22m 1.68m
Concept
• Sliding
• Bearing
• Overturning
Analysis
Table 8.1
Sample CalculationAnalyze a gravity wall with the following siteconditions:Soil Type = Mixed Silts (��) = 30�
Wall Height (H) = 3.44 ft (1.05 m) Batter = 12�
Bearing Capacity (�S) = 3000 lb/ft2 (143,640 Pa)
Wall Density (��w) = 130 lb/ft3 (2,061 kg/m3)
Soil Density (��S) = 120 lb/ft3 (1,923 kg/m3)
Factored Friction Angle (��w) = 0.66��
Depth of Wall (d) = 0.97 ft (0.3 m)Slope Above Wall (i) = 0 Surcharge = None
Overturning ResistanceMO = Overturning moment = FH (0.33) H = 168 ft. lb/ft (754 N-m/m)MR = Moment resisting overturning = (W) [d/2 + 0.5 (H) TAN (90� � ��)]
+ (FV) [ d + (0.33) (H) TAN (90� � ��)] = 436 ft. lb/ft (1,945 N-m/m)Safety factor against overturning:
SFO = MR = 436 ft. lb/ft (1,945 N-m/m) = 2.6 � 2.0 OKMo 168 ft. lb/ft (754 N-m/m)
CSC (��) SIN (�� � ��)(SIN (�� + ��W))1/2 + (SIN (�� + ��W) SIN (�� � i))1/2
SIN (�� � i)
TABLE NOTE:• No surcharge
• Level slope above wall• Walls that exceed
these heights will needreinforcement.
See reference 4, 9
[ ]== 0.2197
Bearing Capacity�W = Pressure exerted on soil below base block = (W + FV) / d = 487 lb/ft2 (23,847 Pa)�S = 3000 lb/ft2 (143,640 Pa)Safety factor against bearing failure:
FSB = �S = 3,000 lb/ft2 (143,640 Pa) = 6.16 � 2.0 OK�W 487 lb/ft2 (23,847 Pa)
• Slopes
• Surcharges
• Terraces
• Global Stability
Considerations
GeogridsGeogrids are flexible, synthetic meshes which aremanufactured specifically for slope stabilization and earthretention. These “grids” are available in a variety of materials,sizes and strengths. They can be made of high tensile strengthplastics or woven polyester yarns and are typically packagedat the factory in rolls. The grids are rated by Long-TermAllowable DesignStrength (LTADS) withvalues ranging from500 to 3,000 poundsper linear foot(7.3 kN/m to 43.8 kN/m).See reference 3, 4
Design Considerations• Grid strength Select the right strength grid for the job.
Choose from 500 lb/ft to 3000 lb/ft (7.3 kN/m to 43.8 kN/m).• Embedment length Grid length must extend far enough
behind the wall to create a sufficient gravity mass.• Number of layers Install enough layers to adequately
increase the internal strength of the soil mass and handlethe total load.
• Spacing between layers Grid layers must be correctlyspaced to overcome local loads.
• Connection strength Block and geogrid must work together to overcome forces from the retained mass.
AB Geogrid Wall Typical Section
ConceptWhen wall heights exceed those listed in the gravity wall chart on page 8, geogrid can be added to provide a stable wallcondition. Layers of geogrid inserted between the blocks and extending behind the wall interlock with the surrounding soil to create a cohesive soil mass. This mass uses its own weight and internal shear strength to resist both the sliding and theoverturning pressures from the soil being retained. The wall rock in the Allan Block cores provide a positive connectionbetween the layers of geogrid and the Allan Block wall, locking the two systems together. The reinforced soil mass becomesthe structure and the Allan Block wall becomes the facing. The specific location and embedment length of the grid layersdepends upon the site conditions, wall heights and Long-Term Allowable Design Strength of the grid being used. See theapproved plans for exact geogrid locations or consult with a local engineer.
The Great Wall of China, dating back some 2,200 years, was builtas a double sided retaining wall. The soil between the two wallswas a mixture of clay and gravel reinforced with Tamariskbranches. Allan Block retaining walls employ “old technologywith new materials.”
Reinforced Soil Walls
Positive InterlockAllan Block’s gravel filled hollow core provides a multi-pointinterlock with the grid. As wall heights increase, ourexclusive “rock-lock” connection, combined with theweight of the Allan Block units, provides the best block-to-
grid interlock of any system on themarket. See the tech sheets ontesting or the Seismic TestingExective Summary for testing results
on the“rock-lock”connection.
See reference 6, 15
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GGeeooggrriidd WWaallllss
Internal StabilityInternal stability is the ability of the reinforcement combined with the internalstrength of the soil to hold the soil mass together and work as a single unit.
ExternalStabilityExternal stability existswhen the entire wallsystem - the Allan Blockfacing units and thereinforced soil mass - actas a coherent structureto satisfy standardgravity wall analysis.Proper wall design mustsatisfy all four of theseconsiderations.
BearingSliding
GlobalOverturning
Grid Rupture BulgingPullout
Analysis
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Rupture occurs whenexcessive forces fromthe retained soil massexceed the ultimatetensile strength of thegeogrid.Increase grid strength
Pullout results when gridlayers are notembedded a sufficientdistance beyond thefailure plane.Increase embedmentlength
Bulging occurs whenhorizontal forces betweenthe geogrid layers causeslocalized rotation of thewall.Increase number of grid layers
• Concept- Layers reinforce soil- Soil mass becomeslarge gravity structure
• Positive interlock
• Design considerations- Grid strength- Embedment length- Number of layers- Spacing of layers- Connection strength
Geogrids
• Internal stability- Grid rupture- Pullout- Bulging
• External stability- Bearing- Sliding- Overturning- Global stability
Analysis
See reference 4, 14, 19
When considering special applications, unusual job sites or uniquereinforcement requirements, check with a qualified local engineer forengineering and design support.
Roadways, DOT projectsAllan Block has been used on many DOT projects across NorthAmerica. It’s cost effective, long term performance makes itthe product of choice for governmental organizations at alllevels. Allan Block designs can accommodate the toughestfederal, state and provincial specifications includingapplicable AASHTO and Task Force 27 requirements.With widespread DOT usage, and pre-approvedengineering in many communities, Allan Block can easilybe specified for a variety of DOT applications.
• Roadways • Embankments • Curbing • Bridge abutments
Industrial Applications,Sound Barriers, Unique projects...Allan Block’s extensive engineering provides the capability tomeet a broad variety of applications. From sound barriers toindustrial applications, like the loading ramp pictured here, theAllan Block Engineering Department can help you develop asolution to meet your special needs.
Semi-Permanent StructuresAllan Block can also be used for temporary or semi-permanentretaining wall structures. The mortarless construction allows youto dismantle a wall and rebuild it in another shape or location.
Golf CoursesSimple, pinless and mortarless construction makes Allan Blockquick and easy to install by golf course landscape crews.The design flexibility allows you to create a consistent lookacross many golf course landscape applications.• Elevated Tee Boxes • Cart Paths and Roadways• Clubhouse Landscaping • Ponds, Lakes, Stream Beds• Planter Beds • Major Structural Walls
Water ApplicationsAllan Block walls can be built on sites where water is present atthe base of the wall. Simple modifications in the wallconstruction process provide long-term stability. The finishedwalls are environmentally safe, structurally sound and willharmonize with the surrounding landscape.
• Retention Ponds • Lakeshores • Stream Beds • Sea Walls
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Special Applications
AApppplliiccaattiioonnss
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• Highway
• Bridge abutments
• Industrial sites
• Sound barriers
• Water sites
• Golf courses
• Temporary shoring
Applications
Reinforcement
• Reinforcement options- Masonry- Soil nailing- Earth anchors- Rock bolts
Other System OptionsIn addition to basic masonry wall systems, Allan Block can accommodate specialreinforcement systems such as rock bolts, earth anchors and soil nailing.
Masonry ReinforcementAllan Block retaining walls can be reinforced with the same proven techniquesused for conventional masonry walls. Allan Block masonry walls are useful onsites where geogrids are not feasible or cost effective because they rely on areinforced footing and vertical pilasters to counteract lateral earth pressures.These walls combine the mortarless stability of an Allan Block wall with the tensilestrength of the steel rods in pilasters, and the stability of the footing. The designand construction of these wallsfollow the guidelines outlined incurrent ACI standard and existingUBC design criteria, while factoring inthe benefit of an inclined Allan Blockwall. The specific designrequirements depend on site and soilconditions, and wall heights.
Typical Section
Earth Anchor Soil Nailing
When considering special applications, unusual job sites or unique reinforcementrequirements, contact the Allan Block Corporation for engineering and designsupport.The Allan Block Engineering Department has provided assistance to engineering anddesign professionals worldwide. For further information and case studies call 800-899-5309.
See reference 13
Other Reinforcement Options
Site GeometryDevelop an accurate PLAN of existing physical features.
Observe the soil type and condition, site geometry at the wall location andimmediate surroundings. Note the natural drainage patterns. Identify all physicalfeatures surrounding the proposed wall location. Note key elevations, lot lines,utilities, structures, vegetation, etc.
BUILD
DESIGNDevelop an accurate understanding of the jobsite before beginning any design, engineering or construction.
Soils• Soil conditions behind and below each retaining wall
have a direct effect on the strength needed in thatretaining wall. The pressure from behind the wall willvary substantially depending on the soil type. Ingeneral, a wall built in clay soils will require morereinforcement than a wall of the same height built infree draining sand or gravel soils.
• Check the soil type and conditions at the base ofeach wall for adequate bearing pressure. The soilbelow a wall needs to be strong enough to supportthe weight of the wall resting on it. When moisture ispresent, extra precautions may be required toprovide a stable base.
• If the soils at the base of the wall have beendisturbed - i.e. excavated and replaced - it isimperative that these soils are properly compactedbefore construction begins. It may be necessary toremove poorly compacted or soft, wet organic soilsat the base and replace them with stable, wellcompacted soils prior to wall construction.
Use the soil classification chart above to identify the basicproperties of the soil at the site. These soil properties are
approximate. For a thorough soil analysis, have a qualifiedgeotechnical engineer conduct a site inspection.
SoilsSoil Friction Bearing EquivalentType Angle Capacity Fluid Pressure
Clay 27� 2,500 lb/ft2 50 lb/ft3
119.700kPA 7.9KN/m3
Mixed Soils 32� 3,500 lb/ft2 35 lb/ft
167.580kPA 5.5KN/m3
Sand/Gravel 36� 4,000 lb/ft2 30 lb/ft3
191.520kPA 4.7KN/m3
PLAN
Note the site geometryabove and below the
proposed wall location.
Surcharges
SlopesBelow
SlopesAbove
Table 13.1
See reference 1, 2, 4, 2013
Plan
• 100 psf (4.9 kPA)Light Vehicle
• 250 psf (12 kPA)Roadway
PPllaann
GeometryWater ManagementMake a careful observation of the general drainage patterns at the site. Notethe amount of area above the wall which will shed surface runoff toward thewall. Note the type of surface (i.e., paved surfaces, sodded areas, etc.) todetermine the water flow and volume. Note any concentrated sources ofwater flow such as roof drains and scuppers, drainage swales, creek beds,ground water, etc.
GradingDevelop a grading plan that routes water aroundthe walls as much as the site will allow. Provideswales above and below the wall as required toaccommodate water movement. Divert sources ofconcentrated water flow from the wall. Retainingwall designs must prevent the pooling of waterabove or below the wall.
DrainageProper drainage planning considers water flow and volume above, belowand behind the retaining wall.
• Most Allan Block gravity walls (lower unreinforced walls) will drainadequately on their own.
• If a large area sheds water to the wall (i.e., parking lot), added drainagewill be necessary.
• Concentrated sources of water must be planned for and managed.• Reinforced walls will need added drainage for the backfill zone and the
wall base.• Major wall structures, roadway and municipal projects, and walls built in
extreme rainfall or wet environments will need a thorough hydrologyanalysis prior to construction.
• Elevations
• Wall heights
• Slopes above & below
• Surcharges
• Surrounding structures
• Utilities
• Property lines
• Existing vegetation
Soils
• Soil type
• Friction angle
• Bearing capacity
• Soil condition
• Disturbed areas
Water
• Grading
• Surface drainage
• Water tables
• Drainage fill
• Drain tile & outlets
See reference 4
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AB Setback ChartSetback Wall Height
4ft 6ft 8ft 10ft
1.2m 1.8m 2.4m 3.0m
3�� 2.5in 3.75in 5in 6.25in
64mm 95mm 128mm 159mm
6�� 5in 7.5in 10in 12.5in
128mm 190mm 254mm 318mm
12�� 10in 15in 20in 25in
254mm 380mm 508mm 635mm
Proper retaining wall design requiresevaluation of the following elements:
TerracingTerraced walls can act as a surcharges and may create globalinstability whereas reinforcement may be necessary. Always checkwith a local qualified engineer when building terraces. Walls perform independently and may not need engineering whenthe distance between gravity walls is at least two times the height ofthe lower wall and the height of the upper wall is equal to or lessthan the height of the lower.Walls that must be evaluated by an engineer are any walls needinggeogrid reinforcement, walls closer than two times the height of thelower wall, walls with more than two terraces and terraced walls withany structures above.Terraced walls that donot perform independ-ently must also be eval-uated for global stabili-ty and the lower wallsmust be designed toresist the load of theupper walls.
Use this chart to check the total Table 15.1setback of your wall design.
1. Select the wall location• Minimize soil excavation and backfill.• Optimize grading and drainage patterns.• Consider existing site features.
2. Determine wall height and geometry• Calculate the wall height at its tallest position.• Identify slopes above and below the wall.• Evaluate surcharges from vehicular or construction traffic.• Select the appropriate wall batter or setback.
3. Evaluate structural requirements• Check the gravity wall table on page 8 for reinforcement requirements.• If geogrid is required, see pages 21-22 for approximate grid length.• For projects that fall beyond the scope of the tables in this manual,refer to the Allan Block Engineering Manual or contact a qualified engineer.
4. Calculate the total wall envelope • Use table 15.1 to calculate the total wall setback.• Add the required grid lengths to determine total wall envelope.• Cross check the total wall envelope with available space at wall site.
Note: Walls designed with a 12� setback require more space than 6� or 3�systems, but need less reinforcement. You may give up ground but totalwall costs will be lower.
Terraced Walls
BUILD
PLAN
DESIGN
Independent Wall Reinforcement RequiredSee reference 2, 4, 20
15
Design
DDeessiiggnnWater ApplicationsAllan Block walls can be built on sites where water is present at the base ofthe wall. These projects are easily handled with a few modifications tostandard construction. Water sites typically require a closer inspection ofthe soil conditions and engineering requirements.
16
Curves and Serpentine WallsInside and outside curves areeasily built into an Allan Blockwall. A slight coning effect takesplace on curved walls increasingthe setback angle. Designcurved walls so the radius at thetop of the wall for full size blocksis at least 4 ft (1.2 m) and 2.5 ft(0.8 m) for half size units. Refer totable 16.1 to find the minimumrecommended radius at the wallbase while maintaining a 4 ft (1.2m) or 2.5 ft (0.8 m) radius at thetop of the wall.
Applications• Retention Ponds• Lakeshores• Stream Beds• Sea Walls
Design Criteria• Foundation Strength• Wall Reinforcement• Water Movement• Backfill Materials
Water Site Applications
Allan Block walls built inwater applications shouldbe carefully designed withthe above considerationsin mind. Turn to page 18for more specificconstruction information.
FUNDAMENTALCONSIDERATIONS
• Location
• Wall geometry
• Setback
• Reinforcement
• Total wall envelope
SPECIALAPPLICATIONS
• Terraces
• Water applications
• Curved walls
Elements
See reference 2
Remove wings for outside curves
Radius for an outside radius on a 4 ft tall 6° wall
Bottom courseradius5.1 ft (1.6 m)
Top course radius4.0 ft (1.2 m)
Center Stake
Use this chart to find theminimum recommendedradius at base of wall.
4 ft 6 ft 8 ft 10 ft1.2 m 1.8 m 2.4 m 3.0 m
3°
6°
12°
6°
AB Radius Chart for Base CourseSetback Wall Height
4.7 ft 5.0 ft 5.3 ft 5.6 ft1.43 m 1.52 m 1.6 m 1.7 m
5.1 ft 5.5 ft 5.9 ft 6.3 ft
1.6 m 1.7 m 1.8 m 1.9 m5.5 ft 6.0 ft 6.5 ft 7.0 ft
1.7 m 1.8 m 2.0 m 2.1 m
3.4 ft 4.2 ft 4.9 ft1.0 m 1.3 m 1.49 m
3 ft 5 ft 7 ft0.9 m 1.5 m 2.1 m
Full SizeBlocks
Half WidthBlocks
Table 16.1
Always build on solid ground.
Materials• For the base material, in the block cores and
directly behind the block, use a well-gradedcompactible aggregate, ranging in size from0.25 in - 1.5 in (6.4 mm - 38 mm) and containingless than 10% fines. We refer to this material aswall rock.
• Geogrid • Drain pipe • Capstone adhesive • Allan Block
Base Preparation• Excavate behind the wall to accomodate the design length of the
geogrid. Refer to the approved plans for exact length. Excavate base trench at the wall location. Dig the trench, per the approved plans, aminimum of 24 in. (610 mm) wide and 6 in. (150 mm) deep plus the requiredamount to accomodate the buried block.
• Buried block should be a minimum of 6 in. (150 mm) or 1 in. (25 mm) for each 1 ft. (300 mm) of wall height. See approved plans.
• Compact and level trench to 95% of Standard Proctor.• Place a drain pipe at the back of the trench the length of the wall. This will
need to be vented to daylight or to a storm sewer system.• Per the approved plan, place a minimum of 6 in. (150 mm) of base material in
the base trench. Rake smooth, compact and level.• Place the first course of Allan Block on the compacted base with the raised lip
facing the front of the wall.• Check each block for alignment and level side to side and front to back.• Fill the hollow cores and 12 in. (300 mm) behind the block with wall rock. Use
approved infill soils to backfill behind the wall rock and in front of the base course.• Compact the wall rock and infill soils behind the block with a walk behind
plate compactor to 95% of Standard Proctor.
Wall Construction• Remove debris from the top surface of the AB Units. Stack the next course of
block so the seams are offset from the blocks below. Running bond ispreferred but not required. Maintain a 3 in (75 mm) minimum off-set.
• Check each block for alignment and level side to side and front to back.• Fill the hollow cores and 12 in. (300 mm) behind the block with wall rock.• Use approved infill soils to backfill behind the wall rock and in front of the base
course and compact. Continue this process, compacting in maximum 8 in (200 mm) lifts to the top of the wall.
Geogrid Installation• Cut sections of geogrid to specified lengths per the approved plans. Install by
placing cut edge to the back of the raised front lip and roll out to the back ofthe excavation area. Check grid roll or machine direction.
• Place next course of block on top of grid. Remove slack and stake in place. • Install wall rock and approved infill soils as before and compact.• Install additional block courses to next grid location per the approved plans.• Repeat process to top of wall. Install cap blocks as required. • Finish grade away from wall for water management.
PLAN
DESIGN
BUILDStandard Wall ConstructionTypical Section
Build
17
BBuuiilldd
Drainage DetailsProper drainage construction will control the flow and volume of water above,below and behind the retaining wall.
At wall sites where large volumes of waterwill flow down to the wall, install apermanent swale above the wall.
On wall sites where water tables are nearthe wall base, or for applications in highmoisture environments, install a sub drainand vent to storm sewer.
18
On projects using soil reinforcement,proper drainage of the reinforced soilmass is critical. Install a second drainline at the rear of the reinforced zone.Consider chimney drains in areas withhigh ground water.
Water Site ConstructionTo build Allan Block walls in water sites, add the following constructiontechniques to standard installation procedures.• Replace soft, saturated sub-soils at base of wall with well-graded, 1 to 2 in.
(25 to 51 mm) compactible aggregate with no fines.• Line trench and back of cut to
water line with embankmentprotection fabric.
• Replace entire reinforced zonewith granular material.
• Install rip-rap at wall base if scourprotection is required.
• Install drain pipe with outlets justabove low water elevation.
• Materials
• Base preparation and installation
• Wall construction
• Geogrid installation
Construction
• Drainage details
• Grading
• Drainage- Gravity- Water sites- Major structures
Water
Every retaining wall built in awater site will have its ownunique site and soil conditions.These walls should be carefullydesigned for properperformance. Check with theAllan Block Corporation or alocal qualified engineer.
Water Site Typical SectionWater Site Typical Section
19
Specification Guidelines: Allan Block Modular Retaining Wall SystemsSECTION 1PART 1: GENERAL1.1 Scope
Work includes furnishing and installing modular concrete block retain-ing wall units to the lines and grades designated on the constructiondrawings and as specified herein.
1.2 Applicable Sections of Related WorkGeogrid Wall Reinforcement (See Section 2)
1.3 Reference StandardsASTM C1372-01 Standard Specifications for SegmentalRetaining Wall Units.
1.4 Delivery, Storage, and HandlingA. Contractor shall check the materials upon delivery to assure prop-
er material has been received.B. Contractor shall prevent excessive mud, wet cement, and like
materials from coming in contact with the materials.C. Contractor shall protect the materials from damage. Damaged
material shall not be incorporated in the project. (Ref. ASTM C1372)
PART 2: MATERIALS2.1 Modular Wall Units
A. Wall units shall be ALLAN BLOCK Retaining Wall units as producedby a licensed Manufacturer.
B. Wall units shall have minimum 28 day compressive strength of 3000psi (20.7 MP) in accordance with ASTM C1372-01. The concreteunits shall have adequate freeze-thaw protection with an averageabsorption rate of 7.5 lb/ft3 (120 kg/m3) for northern climates and10 lb/ft3 (160 kg/m3) for southern climates.
C. Exterior dimensions shall be uniform and consistent. Maximumdimensional deviations shall be 0.125 inch, (3 mm) not includingtextured face.
D. Wall units shall provide a minimum of 110 lbs total weight persquare foot of wall face area (555 kg/m2). Fill contained withinthe units may be considered 80% effective weight.
E. Exterior face shall be textured. Color as specified by owner.2.2 Wall Rock
A. Base material must be well-graded compactible aggregate, 0.25inch to 1.5 inch, (6 mm - 38 mm) with no more than 10% passingthe #200 sieve, with a minimum density of 120 lb/ft3.
B. Material behind and within the blocks may be the same as basematerial.
2.3 Infill SoilA. Infill material shall be site excavated soils when approved by the on
site soils engineer unless otherwise specified in the drawings.Unsuitable soils for backfill (heavy clays or organic soils) shall not beused in the reinforced soil mass. Typically clay soils with high plastici-ty will not be acceptable, unless specifically addressed by the walldesign engineer.
B. Where additional fill is required, contractor shall submit sampleand specifications to the wall design engineer or on site soils engi-neer for approval.
PART 3: WALL CONSTRUCTION3.1 Excavation
A. Contractor shall excavate to the lines and grades shown on theconstruction drawings. Contractor shall use caution not to over-excavate beyond the lines shown, or to disturb the base eleva-tions beyond those shown.
3.2 Foundation Soil PreparationA. Foundation soils shall be defined as any soils located beneath the
wall.B. Foundation soil shall be excavated as dimensioned on the plans
and compacted to a minimum 95% of Standard Proctor prior toplacement of the base material.
C. Foundation soil shall be examined by the on site soils engineer toensure that the actual foundation soil strength meets or exceedsassumed design strength. Soil not meeting the required strengthshall be removed and replaced with acceptable material.
3.3 BaseA. Base material shall be placed as shown on construction drawing.
Top of base shall be located to allow bottom wall units to beburied to proper depths as per wall heights and specifications.
B. Base material shall be installed on undisturbed native soils or suit-able replacement fills compacted at 95% Standard Proctor.
C. Base shall be compacted at 95% Standard Proctor to provide alevel hard surface on which to place the first course of blocks.The base shall be constructed to ensure proper wall embedmentand the final elevation shown on the plans. Well-graded sandcan be used to smooth the top 1/2 inch (13 mm) on the levelingpad.
D. Base material shall be a 4 inch (102 mm) minimum depth for wallsunder 4 feet (1.2 m) and a 6 inch (150 mm) minimum depth forwalls over 4 feet (1.2 m).
3.4 Unit InstallationA. The first course of wall units shall be placed on the prepared
base with the raised lip facing out and the front edges tighttogether. The units shall be checked for level and alignment asthey are placed.
B. Ensure that units are in full contact with base. Proper care shallbe taken to develop straight lines and smooth curves on basecourse as per wall layout.
C. All cavities in and around the base course shall be filled with wallrock and compacted. Backfill front and back of entire basecourse to firmly lock in place. Check again for level and align-ment. All excess material shall be swept from top of units.
D. Install next course of wall units on top of base course. Positionblocks to be offset from seams of blocks below. Perfect “run-ning bond” is not essential, but a 3 inch (75 mm) minimum off-set is recommended. Check each block for proper alignmentand level. Fill all cavities in and around wall units and to a 12inch (305 mm) depth behind block with wall rock. Spreadbackfill in uniform lifts not exceeding 8 inches (200 mm) inuncompacted thickness and compact to 95% of StandardProctor behind the consolidation zone.
E. The consolidation zone shall be defined as 3 feet (1 m) behindthe wall. Compaction within the consolidation zone shall beaccomplished by using a hand operated plate compactor andshall begin by running the plate compactor directly on the blockand then compacting in parallel paths to the wall face until theentire consolidation zone has been compacted. A minimum of twopasses of the plate compactor are required with maximum lifts of 8inches (200 mm). Employ methods using lightweight compactionequipment that will not disrupt the stability or batter of the wall.
F. Install each subsequent course in like manner. Repeat procedureto the extent of wall height.
G. Allowable construction tolerance at the wall face is 2 degreesvertically and 1 inch (25mm) in 10 feet (3m) horizontally.
3.5 Additional Construction NotesA. Filter fabric use is not suggested for use with cohesive soils. Clogging
of such fabric creates unacceptable hydrostatic pressures in soil rein-forced walls. When filtration is deemed necessary in cohesive soils,use a three dimensional filtration system of clean sand or filtrationaggregate.
B. Embankment protection fabric is used to stabilize rip rap and founda-tion soils in water applications and to separate infill materials from theretained soils. This fabric should permit the passage of fines to pre-clude clogging of the material. Embankment protection fabric shallbe a high strength polypropylene monofilament material designed tomeet or exceed typical Corps of Engineers plastic filter fabric specifi-cations (CW-02215); stabilized against ultraviolet (UV) degradationand typically exceeding the values in Table 1, on pg. 8 of the AllanBlock Spec Book.
C. Water management is of extreme concern during and after construc-tion. Steps must be taken to ensure that drain pipes are properlyinstalled and vented to daylight and a grading plan has been devel-oped that routes water away from the retaining wall site. Site watermanagement is required both during construction of the wall andafter completion of construction. Refer to Section 3, page 7 & 8 of theAllan Block Spec Book, for more water management information.
SSppeecciiffiiccaattiioonnssSpecification Guidelines: Geogrid Reinforcement Systems
TECHNICAL SUPPORTFor engineering and technical assistance on projects thatfall beyond the scope of these guidelines, contact theALLAN BLOCK CORPORATION at 800-899-5309.
20
SECTION 2PART 1: GENERAL1.1 Scope
Work includes furnishings and installing geogrid reinforcement, blockfill, and backfill to the lines and grades designated on the construc-tion drawings and as specified herein.
1.2 Applicable Section of Related WorkSection 1: ALLAN BLOCK Modular Retaining Wall Systems. (See Section 1)
1.3 Reference StandardsSee specific geogrid manufacturers reference standards.
1.4 Delivery, Storage, and HandlingA. Contractor shall check the geogrid upon delivery to assure that
the proper material has been received.B. Geogrid shall be stored above -10� F (-23� C).C. Contractor shall prevent excessive mud, wet cement, or other
foreign materials from coming in contact with the geogrid material.
PART 2: GRID MATERIALS2.1 Definitions
A. Geogrid products shall be of high density polyethylene or polyester yarnsencapsulated in a protective coating specifically fabricated foruse as a soil reinforcement material.
B. Concrete retaining wall units are as detailed on the drawings andshall be ALLAN BLOCK Retaining Wall Units.
C. Drainage material is free draining granular material as defined inSection 1, 2.2 Wall Rock.
D. Backfill is the soil used as fill for the reinforced soil mass.E. Foundation soil is the in-situ soil.
2.2 ProductsGeogrid shall be the type as shown on the drawings having theproperty requirements as described within the manufacturers speci-fications.
2.3 Acceptable ManufacturersA manufacturer’s product shall be approved by the wall designengineer.
PART 3: WALL CONSTRUCTION3.1 Foundation Soil Preparation
A. Foundation soil shall be excavated to the lines and grades asshown on the construction drawings, or as directed by the on sitesoils engineer.
B. Foundation soil shall be examined by the on site soils engineer toassure that the actual foundation soil strength meets or exceedsassumed design strength.
C. Over-excavated areas shall be filled with compacted backfillmaterial approved by on site soils engineer.
3.2 Wall ConstructionWall construction shall be as specified under Section 1, Part 3, Wall Construction.
3.3 Geogrid InstallationA. Install ALLAN BLOCK wall to designated height of first geogrid
layer. Backfill and compact last 8 inch (200 mm) lift behind wallto depth equal to designed grid length before grid is installed.
B. Cut geogrid to designed embedment length and place on topof ALLAN BLOCK to back edge of lip. Extend away from wallapproximately 3% above horizontal on compacted backfill.
C. Place next course of ALLAN BLOCK on top of grid and fill blockcores with wall rock to lock in place. Remove slack in grid andstake to hold in place.
D. Lay geogrid at the proper elevation and orientations shown on theconstruction drawings or as directed by the wall design engineer.
E. Correct orientation of the geogrid shall be verified by the con-tractor and on site soils engineer. Strength direction is typicallyperpendicular to wall face
F. Follow manufacturers guidelines for overlap requirements. In curvesand corners layout shall be as specified on Construction Details,Sections 10-13, pg 15 in the AB Spec Book.
G. Adjacent sheets of geogrid shall be butted against each other atthe wall face to achieve 100 percent coverage.
H. Geogrid lengths shall be continuous. Splicing parallel to the wallface is not allowed.
3.4 Fill Placement and Backfill PlacementA. Infill material shall be placed in lifts and compacted as specified
under Section 1, Part 3.4, Unit Installation.B. Backfill shall be placed, spread and compacted in such a manner
that minimizes the development of slack or movement of the geogrid.C. Only hand-operated compaction equipment shall be allowed with-
in 3 feet, (1 m) behind the wall. This area shall be defined as theconsolidation zone. Compaction in this zone shall begin by runningthe plate compactor directly on the block and then compacting inparallel paths to the wall face until the entire consolidation zonehas been compacted. A minimum of two passes of the plate com-pactor are required with maximum lifts of 8 inches (200 mm).
D. When fill is placed and compaction cannot be defined in terms ofStandard Proctor Density, then compaction shall be performedusing ordinary compaction process and compacted so that nodeformation is observed from the compaction equipment or to thesatisfaction of the Engineer of Record.
E. Tracked construction equipment shall not be operated directly onthe geogrid. A minimum backfill thickness of 6 inches (150 mm) isrequired prior to operation of tracked vehicles over the geogrid.Turning of tracked vehicles should be kept to a minimum to preventtracks from displacing the fill and damaging the geogrid.
F. Rubber-tired equipment may pass over the geogrid reinforcementat slow speeds, less than 10 mph (16 Km/h). Sudden braking andsharp turning shall be avoided.
G. The infill shall be compacted to achieve 95% Standard Proctor.Compaction shall be taken at 4 feet (1.2 m) behind the block and atthe back of the reinforced zone and frequency shall be as deter-mined by the on site soils engineer or as specified on the plan. Soiltests of the backfill material shall be submitted to the on site soils engi-neer for review and approval prior to the placement of any backfill.The contractor is responsible for achieving the specified compactionrequirements. The on site soils engineer may direct the contractor toremove, correct or amend any soil found not in compliance withthese specifications.
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONSA. Geogrid can be interrupted by periodic penetration of a column,
pier or footing structure.B. ALLAN BLOCK walls will accept vertical and horizontal reinforcing
with rebar and grout. C. If site conditions will not allow geogrid embedment length, consider
the following alternatives:• Masonry Reinforced Walls • Soil Nailing• Earth Anchors • Increased Wall Batter• Rock Bolts
D. ALLAN BLOCK can be used in a wide variety of water applications.
Consult the Allan Block Engineering Department for details.Specifications subject to change without notice.
Geogrid Engineering ChartsThese pre-engineered tables provide an accurate estimate for geogrid reinforcement. To use the tables, follow these simple steps:1) Verify that the site condition of your retaining wall matches the table being used.2) Verify that the soil conditions at your site match the description given. 3) Choose the wall height needed for your site and read across to find the
number of grid layers, embedment length and grid locations.4) Verify that excessive water runoff, or a high water table, is not present.
Design ParametersFactors of Safety Assumed WeightsSliding =1.5 Earth Backfill =120 lbs/ft3 (19 Kn/m3)Overturning =2.0 Filled weight of AB =131 lbs/ft3 (20.5 Kn/m3)Grid Pullout =1.5 Allan Block =135 lbs/ft3 (21.1 Kn/m3)Grid Rupture =1.5
General SoilsProper drainage provided. Cohesion = 0Grid meets ASTM D-4595. Bearing Capacity 36�� � 3,500 psf (167,580PA)
Bearing Capacity 32�� � 3,000 psf (143,640PA)Bearing Capacity 27�� � 2,500 psf (119,700PA)
GridLong Term Allowable Design Strength (LTADS) � 700 lbs/ft. (10,200 N/m)i.e., Fortrac 20/4-20, Miragrid 2XT, Strata 200, Raugrid 2/3-35, Synteen SF20, Tensar UX1000
These charts should be used for estimating grid quantities for projects which match the site and soildescriptions provided, and only for projects which use grid strengths of 700 lbs/ft. (10,200 N/m) orhigher. No provision or analysis for global stability or seismic activity.
21
Case A
Case B
Case C
13
Reference Guide1) ABENG.M1.0589 Allan Block Design Manual, May 19892) ABENG.M4.0595 Allan Block Design Manual, May 19953) R0911 Allan Block Installation Guide, October 20044) R0904 Allan Block Engineering Manual, January 20045) R0901 Allan Block Spec Book, November 20006) R0903 Allan Block Seismic Testing Excutive Summary, November 20037) ICBO Report # 5087 Allan Block ICBO, Published March 20048) ASTM C90 Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Units9) ASTM C140 Sampling and Testing, Concrete Masonry Units
10) UBC 21 Hollow and Solid Load Bearing Concrete Masonry Units11) ASTM C1372 Standard Specification for Segmental Retaining Wall Units12) ASTM C1262 Evaluating Freeze Thaw Durability13) ACI 318 Building Code Requirements for Reinforced Concrete14) ASTM D6916 Standard Test Method for Determining the Shear Strength between Segmental Concrete Units15) ASTM D6638 Standard Test Method for Determining Connection Strength between Geosynthetic Reinforcement and
Segmental Concrete Units16) FHWA-NHI-02-011 Mechanically Stabilized Earth Walls and Reinforced Soil Slopes17) Jones, Colin JFP, Earth Reinforcement and Soil Structures, Butterworths, London, England (1985)18) Mitchell, J K, et. al. “Reinforcement of Earth Slopes and Embankments,” NCHRP Report 290, Transportation Research Board,
Washington, DC (1987)19) Task Force 27, In-Situ Soil Improvement Techniques, “Design Guidelines for Use of Extensible Reinforcements for Mechanically
Stabilized Earth Walls in Permanent Applications,” Joint Committee of AASHTO-AGC-ARTBA, AASHTO, Washington, DC (1990)20) Terzaghi, K, and Peck, R B, Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, NY (1967)21) GRI Standard Practice, GC-4 : Determination of Long-Term Design Strength of Geogrids, Geosynthetic Research Institute,
Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA (1991)
22
Geogrid Chart AB Stones - 12°
Soil Types: Coarse to medium sands, clean sand and gravel, little
or no fines - φφ = 36°
Soil Types: Uniform to well graded sands, silty sands - φφ = 32°
Soil Types: Sand-Silt-Clay mix, Clayey
sands - φφ = 27°
Condition Above Wall
Wall Height
ft m
BuriedBlock
in cm
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
Case ALevel Slope
Above the Wall
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
3456789
10
810131518202325
00056778
---45
5.56
6.5
---
1.31.61.71.92
00056778
---45
5.56
6.5
---
1.31.61.71.92
03456778
-3
3.545
5.56
6.5
-1
1.11.31.61.71.92
Case B250 psf SurchargeAbove the Wall
Top grid layer mustextend an extra 3 ft
(0.9 m)
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
3456789
10
810131518202325
00456778
--
3.545
5.56
6.5
--
1.11.31.61.71.92
00456778
--
3.545
5.56
6.5
--
1.11.31.61.71.92
23456778
33
3.545
5.56
6.5
11
1.11.31.61.71.92
Case C3H:1V Slope
Above the Wall
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
3456789
10
810131518202325
00056778
---45
5.56
6.5
---
1.31.61.71.92
00056778
---45
5.56
6.5
---
1.31.61.71.92
23456779**
33
3.545
5.56
6.5
11
1.11.31.61.71.92
Geogrid ChartAB Classic - 6°, AB Three - 3°
& Patterned Walls* - 6°
Soil Types: Coarse to medium sands, clean sand and gravel, little
or no fines - φφ = 36°
Soil Types: Uniform to well graded sands, silty sands - φφ = 32°
Soil Types: Sand-Silt-Clay mix, Clayey
sands - φφ = 27°
Condition Above Wall
Wall Height
ft m
BuriedBlock
in cm
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
# of grid
layers
GridLengths
ft m
Case ALevel Slope
Above the Wall
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
3666789
10
815151518202325
03456778
-3.545
5.56.57
7.5
-1.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
03456778
-3.545
5.56.57
7.5
-1.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
23456778
33.545
5.56.57
7.5
11.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
Case B250 psf SurchargeAbove the Wall
Top grid layer mustextend an extra 3 ft
(0.9 m)
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
6666789
10
1515151518202325
23456778
33.545
5.56.57
7.5
11.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
23456778
33.545
5.56.57
7.5
11.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
23456779**
33.545
5.56.57
7.5
11.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
Case C3H:1V Slope
Above the Wall
3456789
10
0.91.21.51.82.12.42.73.0
3666789
10
815151518202325
03456778
-3.545
5.56.57
7.5
-1.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
03456779**
-3.545
5.56.57
7.5
-1.11.31.61.72
2.22.3
234568**8**
10***
33.545
5.56.57.58.5
11.11.31.61.72
2.32.6
Note: All walls which require geogrid reinforcement shall have a minimum of 6 in. (150 mm) of buried block.
* Patterned walls will not work with a one course spacing, contact your local engineer for design assistance.** 1 course spacing for first 3 layers of grid.*** 1 course spacing for first 4 layers of grid.
The charts below assume for geogrid reinforced walls, that the reinforcement starts on the firstcourse of block, and then every second course thereafter. The charts below are for materialestimates only, contact your local engineer for wall design.
GGeeooggrriidd EEnnggiinneeeerriinngg CChhaarrttss
TTeerrrraacceessTerracing walls can create more usable space ortame slopes and will give the project a more aesthetic look.
AAllllaann BBlloocckk HHaasstthhee SSyysstteemm TTooSSaattiissffyy EEvveerryy
DDeessiiggnn..
23
SSttaaiirrwwaayyssBuild beautiful stairways withflowing curves with no cutting of blocks required.
24
25
UUnnlliimmiitteeddDDeessiiggnn OOppttiioonnssDesign walls that add value toyour landscape.
PPuutt aann ALLAN BLOCK ssoolluuttiioonn ttoowwoorrkk oonn yyoouurr nneexxtt pprroojjeecctt..
26
PPaatttteerrnneeddWWaallllssAdd a whole newdimension to yourlandscape! Blend thedifferent sizes ofAllan Block togetherto capture the look ofhand laid stone walls.
Allan Block Corporation, 5300 Industrial Blvd., #100, Edina, MN Phone 952-835-5309, Fax 952-835-0013, US Pat.#4,909,010 & #5,484,236 Canadian Pat. #2,012,286 & #2,133,675 Australian Pat. #682,394 & #133,306 Europe Pat.
#649,714 Germany Pat. #694,235,636 Spain/Sweden Pat. #94,307,365 Japan Pat. #3,142,107 Mexico Pat.#189,846 Taiwan Pat. #NI-090824 Int’l And Other Patents Pending © 2004 DOC. #R0511
allanblock.com
The information and product applications illustrated in this manual have been carefully compiled bythe Allan Block Corporation, and to the best of our knowledge accurately represent Allan Blockproduct use. Final determination of the suitability of any information or material for the usecontemplated and its manner of use is the sole responsibility of the user. Structural design analysisshall be performed by a qualified engineer.
Atlas Block Co. Limited15288 Highway 12P.O. Box 670, MidlandOntario, Canada L4R 4P4Tel: 705-534-7219Toll Free: 800-461-4380Fax: 705-534-4125
Atlas Block (Brockville Ltd.)3007 Hwy. 29P.O. Box 141, BrockvilleOntario, Canada K6V 5V2Tel: 613-342-9815Toll Free (ON & USA) 800-665-0888Toll Free (QC): 1-800-363-3363Fax: 613-342-3606
Atlas Block Co. Limited600 Laclie Street, OrilliaOntario, Canada, L3V 6H3Tel: 705-326-3543Toll Free: 1-800-461-0208Fax: 705-326-3865
Landmasters Group Inc.5607 Business Ave., CiceroNew York, USA, 13039Tel: 315-452-1908Toll Free: 1-800-458-1908Fax: 1-800-456-8309
Head Office Eastern Ontario
Ontario USA
Contact the local manufacturer:
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