A glance at Akava 2011

1

Contents

2

Akava 2011 3

E l t t 4Employment prospects 4

Extending working careers 10

Wellbeing at work 16

Salaries 20

Taxation of salary earners 25

Education 29Education 29

Entrepreneurship 34

Organisation 37

This publication can be found on the Internet at www.akava.fi/en/.Printing house: Kirjapaino Uusimaa, 2011ISBN: 978-952-5628-42-5

A Glance at Akava 2011

Akava 2011

3

Akava, the Confederation of Unions for Professional and Managerial Staff in Finland, is one of the three independent trade union confederations in Finland

Akava’s 34 affiliates have a total membership of 553,000 including approx. 102,000 student members

Akava’s unionisation rate is about 70 per cent. 27 per cent of trade union members in Finland are Akava members.

Akava represents the interests of professionals and managerial staff and others with a high level of education.

Akava oversees its members’ economic, professional and other common interests.


Employment prospects

4

p y p p

Unemployment among those with a master’s degree or equivalent is higher than ever before.

A high level of education and unemployment in highly educated individuals is concentrated in the younger age groups. The recent decrease in unemployment has, however, focused mainl on those ho ha e j st grad atedmainly on those who have just graduated.

The biggest single reason for graduate unemployment is that student intakes are too high in some fields.

Better anticipation of educational needs is crucial for reducing unemployment in the future.

Public sector employment and training services should also serve the needs of highly educated people.

Fixed term employment remains common in public administration jobs and among young women.

Fixed term employment contracts should not be used without justification. p y j


Unemployment rate 1990–2009 by educational level, %

5

p y y ,

2122

2122

% %

1617181920

1617181920

1213141516

1213141516

Basic education only (62,000)

7891011

789

1011 Upper secondary

Lowest level of tertiary d ti d l

All

(115,000)

34567

34567 education and lower

degree level

Higher degree level of t ti d ti &

(221,000)

(31,000)

(13,000)

012

012

1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

tertiary education & doctorate


Source: Statistics Finland, Labour force statistics; Akava’s own estimation

Unemployed Akava members in selected fields January 2011

6

Bachelor of Engineering

Decrease Increase

Unemployed Akava members in selected fields, January 2011January

2011

Change per previous 12

months4 661 -572

Bachelor of Business AdministrationMaster of EngineeringMaster of Humanities

Master of BusinessMaster of Natural Sciences

2 075 -251

1 816 134

1 737 -111

1 320 -108

1 260 -81Master of Social Sciences

Master of ArtsBachelor of Social Services

Bachelor of EconomicsMaster of Education

1 260 81

988 -27

646 -26

620 -60

597 -16

567 80Master of EducationDoctorate

Bachelor of HumanitiesMaster of Law

LicentiateBachelor of Nursing

567 -80

470 32

436 -60

315 -3

280 -11Bachelor of Nursing

Bachelor of Natural SciencesMaster of Agriculture

Master of TheologyArchitect

240 -42

219 -17

189 -10

141 7

111 -15

-1 000 0 1 000 2 000 3 000 4 000 5 000

PharmacistMaster of MedicineMaster of Dentistry

74 -9

72 -2

22 -4


Excluding persons laid off, situation 31.1.2011Source: Statistics of Ministry of Employment and the Economy

Employment rate by age, 2009

7

100100

%

p y y g

80

90

80

90 Highly educated

All wage and salary

60

70

60

70All wage and salary

earners

40

50

40

50

AllHighly

educated

10

20

30

10

20

30 Employment rate, % 68.2 85.9

Unemployment rate, % 8.4 4.1

Outside labour force, % 25.6 10.4

0

10

0

10

Under 20 20–29 30–39 40–49 50–59 60–64Age group


Persons with at least a master’s degreeSource: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Employment rate among older age groups, 2000–2009

8

100%

All Hi hl d t d 100%

All Highly educated

p y g g g p ,

55–59 years of age 60–64 years of age

86 8588 88

80

90

100 All Highly educated

80

90

100 All Highly educated

5963 65 66 66 65 67 68

71 71

60

70

80

56 5760 5760

70

40

50

2934

37 39 41 3940

50

20

30 23 25 26 27 29

20

30

0

10

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 090

10

00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09


Persons with at least a master’s degreeSource: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Employment relationships in Finland in 2009, %

9

p y p

6 %

Akava members

13 %

All wage and salary earners

12 %

Permanent full-time work11 % Permanent full-time

workFixed term full-time workPart-time work

Fixed term full-time workPart-time work

82 %76 %


Source: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Extending working careers

10

Working careers must be extended in order to secure the funding base for public servicesand to ensure that tax levels remain reasonable.

Akava supports the aim of raising the average retirement age of wage and salary earnersby three years in the period to 2025.

Retirement is more commonly due to unemployment and incapacity for work than to reaching pensionable age.

The solution lies in workplaces, as it is here that employees make their retirementdecisions based on factors such as the conditions in the workplace. Simply raising the ageof retirement will not solve the problem.

Attention must be focused on the entire working career. The length of working careers willincrease only if

we ensure the availability of work for recent graduates we create incentives for working age people to continuously develop their skills

l ’ it f k d l bilit t i d th h t th i ki employees’ capacity for work and employability are retained throughout their workingcareer

employers retain their older employees and age discrimination is ended.


11

Average working life expectancy by five-year age b d i i f i 2007

4,5

5

4,5

563 65

band, given in no. of years in 2007Years

3

3,5

4

4,5

3

3,5

4

4,5

2

2,5

3

2

2,5

3

0,5

1

1,5

0,5

1

1,5

0,0 015–19 20–24 25–29 30–34 35–39 40–44 45–49 50–54 55–59 60–64 65–69

18E.g: 50–54-year-old employees will continue working for an average of 3.9 years over the

Average age for retiring on disability pension was

Average age for retiring on old-age pension was

Calculations by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health indicate that, if the working population continues to have a foreshortened active working life, costs of approximately EUR 25bn per year will result (premature retirement EUR 21bn absence due to sickness EUR 2bn and occupational accidents EUR 2bn)

working for an average of 3.9 years over the next five years

on disability pension was 52.1 in 2009

on old age pension was 63.1 in 2009


Sources: Study for the European Commission, the Finnish Centre for Pensions / Arto Laesvuori and the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health

retirement EUR 21bn, absence due to sickness EUR 2bn and occupational accidents EUR 2bn).

Persons retiring in 2009 and 2010 with a pension based on their own

12

work history by pension benefit

59N l ld i

32

51

30

Normal old-age pension

Disability pension

5

4

14Unemployment pension

4

1

4

1

Early old-age pension

Special pension for farmers

2010; total 70,700 persons

2009; total 79,600 persons

• In 2009 for the first time more people retired on a normal old-age pension than on a disabilit or an nemplo ment pension

1

0 10 20 30 40 50 60

p p

%

a disability or an unemployment pension.• Average age of those retiring, years: 2009 2010

• Old-age pension 63.4 63.5• Unemployment pension 60.3 60.9• Disability pension 52.1 52.0

A Glance at Akava 2011Source: Statistics of Finnish Centre of Pensions

Disability pension 52.1 52.0• All 59.5 59.6

Persons retiring on disability pension in 2000 and 2010,

13

2010 2000

by main diagnosisShare

2010, %

7,781

7,078Diseases of the musculoskeletal system 34 %

6,589

6,571Mental disorders 29 %

1,739

6 789

2,463Diseases ot the circulatory system 7 %

6,789

6,727

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

Other diseases

persons

30 %

persons

Both in 2000 and in 2010 approx. 23,000 persons retired on a disability pension. In 2010 almost one in three of these was due to a mental disorder.


Disability pensions based on person’s own work historySource: Statistics of Finnish Centre of Pensions

Average intended age of retirement of Akava members

14

g g

61.21997*

61.32001*

62.02004*

62.82008**

2010*** 63.2

58 59 60 61 62 63 64

2010***

Years

Three in four persons think they will stay in working life at least until the age of 63.The employee pension scheme reform of 2005 has achieved the desired results.


Sources: *) Akava Member Opinion Polls **) Statistics Finland, Quality of Work life Survey ***) Survey by TNS Finland commissioned by Akava, autumn 2010

Factors enabling Akava members to remain longer in working life

15

g g g

80 16 4Job certainty

Important Not very important Meaningless

Job certainty

69

62

61

27

30

32

4

7

7

Reduction in pace of work

Improvement of leadership skills

Improvementof working environment

Reduction in pace of work

Improvement of leadership skills

Improvement of working environment 61

59

49

32

31

41

7

10

10

Improvement of working environment

More flexible working hours

Improvement of occupational health care services

Improvement of working environment

More flexible working hours

Improvement of occupational health care services

48

47

47

36

40

47

16

13

7

Job alternation or sabbatical leave

Part-time pension

Reduction of work load

Job alternation or sabbatical leave

Part-time pension

Reduction of work load

45

41

38

46

49

47

9

9

15

Rise in salary

Improvement of rehabilitation possibilities

Increased education & training possibilities

Rise in pay

Improvement of rehabilitation possibilities

I d d ti & t i i ibiliti 38

35

47

52

15

12

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100


Change in work assignments

%


Change in work assignments


Total number of respondents: 1,094Source: survey by TNS Finland commissioned by Akava, autumn 2009

Wellbeing at work

16

Akava members work long hours and do more overtime than other salary earners, and often without compensation. Regular long working hours cause stress among employees and therefore have an impact on their health and wellbeing.

The risk of burnout is higher among the highly educated than among other salary earner gro ps Mental stress can occ r e g hen ork is demanding and has a high le el ofgroups. Mental stress can occur e.g. when work is demanding and has a high level of responsibility, when working hours are long, and when there is a lack of support from a superior.

Wellbeing at work is also adversely affected by the presence of violence harassment or other Wellbeing at work is also adversely affected by the presence of violence, harassment or other inappropriate behaviour or treatment in the workplace.

The right balance must be made between work and the level of human resources.

Working hours monitoring and time sheets must keep track of the actual number of hours worked, whether at the workplace, remotely or during business trips.

Training and orientation for managers and supervisors must include more health and safety d th l b t ti i th i tl thand other labour protection issues than is currently the case.


Risk of burnout or mental health disorder

17

All WomenMenSerious burnout

57

50

63

56

Upper-level employees

Lower-level employees

50

42

56

46



53

47

59

54



19972008

19972008

19972008

49

56

53Manual workers42

46

40Manual workers

44

54

44Manual workers

3037

Upper-level employees2327

Upper-level employees26

32Upper-level employees

Mental health disorder

24

19

31Lower-level employees

Manual workers

23

18


Manual workers

24

18


Manual workers29

0 20 40 60 80

Manual workers%17

0 20 40 60 80

Manual workers%20

0 20 40 60 80

Manual workers%


Refers to those who experience obvious risk or think about it sometimes; wage and salary earners working full timeSource: Statistics Finland, Quality of Work Life Surveys

Overtime work in 2009

18

7 14 1

Without compensation With compensation Both

Akava members

Overtime hours/ week

7.87

9

5

14

14

14

1

1

2

Men

Women

Akava members8.5

6.8

9

5

16

9

2

2

Private

State

Employer8.0

7.4

4

3

12

14

0

1

Municipality


7.1

7.3

7

1

15

14

1

0



Socio-economic groups

7.8

5 71

0

14

14

0

0

0 5 10 15 20 25 30

Lower level employees

Manual workers

%

5.7

8.2


Wage and salary earners working full time; overtime compensation in money or free timeSource: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Persons who worked at least 48 hours/week, 2009

19

Estimated number of

11All d l

persons who worked at least 48

hours/week, 1,000 persons

10611

12

15


AllMen

106

23

15

Akava members:

15

9

15

MenWomen

Private

15

7

16

Employer:15

11

7

PrivateState

Municipality

16

2

4

Position in organisation:22

11

9

Legislators, senior officials and managersProfessionals

Technicians and associate professionals

10

7

2

Position in organisation:

7

6

0 5 10 15 20

pOthers

Teaching professionals

%

1

3


Wage and salary earners in full-time workSource: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Salaries

20

A person’s salary must appropriately reflect the job’s educational requirement and responsibilities and the results achieved.

Differences in pay between men and women in the same or comparable jobs must be eliminated.

Women’s career progression must be accelerated.

In female-dominated fields where women are underpaid in relation to level of education and job responsibilities this shortfall in pay must be redressed.

The purchasing power of highly educated people must be on the same level as other developed countries. In addition to salaries, purchasing power is also affected by taxation and the price level.

In overall terms, salary trends must support the purchasing power and employment of salary earners.

Earnings-related unemployment or sickness allowances should be defined in the same way g p y yas they are when the payments are collected, i.e. the kinks in defining the allowances should be ironed out.


21

Total earnings in 2009g

Akava membersAll wage and salary earners in Finland

mean, euros/month mean, euros/monthEmployer sector:State (incl. universities)* 3,930 3,330Municipalities 3,600 2,730Private enterprises 4 230 3 100Private enterprises 4,230 3,100Men 4,430 3,360Women 3,510 2,690

All 3,960 3,020

Distribution of total earnings(without bonuses)

All 3,960 3,020

Akava members F102,380

F905,800

1400 1900 2400 2900 3400 3900 4400 4900 5400 5900

All wage and salaryearners in Finland

F101,900

F904,410


Wage and salary earners working full time; total earnings in table include bonuses*) From the beginning of 2010 the university sector is included in the private sector (private enterprises)Source: Statistics Finland, Structure of Earnings, 2009

Total earnings of wage and salary earners by level of education in 2009,

22

g g y y ,euros/month Number of

persons in wage and salary statistics

3,020Total

statistics (1,000)

1,397

2,540

2,600

Primary & lower secondary education

Upper secondary education

182

587

3,070

3 280

Lowest level of tertiary education

Lower-degree level

230

1893,280

4,260

gtertiary education

Higher-degree level tertiary education

189

188

5,160

0 500 1 000 1 500 2 000 2 500 3 000 3 500 4 000 4 500 5 000 5 500 6 000

Doctorate

euros/month

20


Wage and salary earners working full time; total earnings include bonusesSource: Statistics Finland, Structure of earnings, 2009

euros/month

Gross earnings per year in private sector 2010

23

g p y pWestern Europe = 100

Clerical/Technicians 1)

152Switzerland

Middle management and professionals2)

170129

123120

SwitzerlandDenmark

LuxembourgNorway

152122119

112106

SwitzerlandLuxembourg

GermanyDenmark

N119107105

100

GermanyBelgium

AustriaWestern Europe

106103103100

NorwayAustria

BelgiumWestern Europe

N th l d97928986

NetherlandsFinlandIreland

Sweden

9897

9388

NetherlandsIreland

ItalyFrance

80767574

FranceItaly

SpainUnited Kingdom

87858483

United KingdomFinland

SpainSweden

57

0 50 100 150 200

Portugal

Western Europe = 100

68

0 50 100 150 200

Portugal



1) Comparable to Finnish employees with salaries of approx. 2,900 euros/month; Grade 8 = Graduate/Administrator in Global job value framework of Watson Wyatt2) Comparable to Finnish employees with salaries of approx. 5,300 euros/month. Grade 14 = Middle Managers Source: 2010/2011 WWDS Global 50 Remuneration Planning Report

Relative purchasing power of salaries in private sector 2010

24

p g p pWestern Europe = 100

Clerical/Technicians 1) Middle management and professionals 2)

154151

119113


GermanyIreland

147144

125120


GermanyUnited Kingdom

110101101100

United KingdomNetherlands

BelgiumWestern Europe

1101009898

gIreland

Western EuropeSpain

France98

918888

pAustria

DenmarkNorway

Sweden

9897

8983

NetherlandsAustria

BelgiumItaly

8682

7971

SpainFranceFinland

Italy

81807978

PortugalSwedenNorway

Denmark69

0 50 100 150 200

yPortugal


73

0 50 100 150 200

Finland

Western Europe= 100


1) Comparable to Finnish employees with salaries of approx. 2,900 euros/month; Grade 8 = Graduate/Administrator in Global job value framework of Watson Wyatt2) Comparable to Finnish employees with salaries of approx. 5,300 euros/month. Grade 14 = Middle Managers Source: 2010/2011 WWDS Global 50 Remuneration Planning Report

Taxation of salary earners

25

Employees’ taxation must not be increased at any salary level. Taxes on wages should be reduced where possible, with the aim of achieving the EU 15 level in all income groups. The highest tax rate must be limited to 50%.

In the future, economic growth will be almost entirely dependent on productivity.

The driver for development in productivity is currently competence.

The results of work achieved through competence should receive sufficient rewards.

A large percentage of the increase in the profitability and productivity of work currently A large percentage of the increase in the profitability and productivity of work currently goes into taxes.


26

Pay and taxes: Akava members and other wage and salary earnersy g y

Akava members Other wage and salary earners

18 82Wage and salary earners (1,8 million)

W d l i bill (62 5 billi )

g y

25

30

75

70

Wages and salaries bill (62,5 billion euros)

Taxes and payments (16,2 billion euros)

39 61

By type of tax:

State income taxes (4,7 billion euros)

27

25

73

75

Municipal tax (9,6 billion euros)

Pension and unemployment insurance contributions (2,9 billion euros)

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 %


Employees who have worked at least 6 months full time with income over 11,765 euros per yearSource: Statistics Finland, Income Distribution Statistics 2008

Average personal income tax for single wage and salary earners in

27

5254

5254%

Finland and in other Western European countries in 2010, %

45,7

4244464850

4244464850

Finland

29 8

36,2

34 5

42,1

323436384042

323436384042

Other WesternEuropean29,8

24,9 29,6

34,5

2426283032

2426283032 European

countries*)

22,3

1416182022

1416182022

20 000 30 000 40 000 50 000 60 000 70 000 80 000 90 000 100 000 110 000 120 000Income per year 2010, euros

*) N th l d B l i S i U it d Ki d It l A t i N F S d G S it l d d D k


*) Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, United Kingdom, Italy, Austria, Norway, France, Sweden, Germany, Switzerland and Denmark. Excluding Estonia. One-person household.Source: Taxpayers’ Association of Finland, International Wage Tax Survey 2010

Average personal income tax rate in 2010 for income

28

of 4,580 euros/month

46,6Belgium

42,3

40,1

38,2

Germany

Italy

Austria

37,7

36,2

35,9

Denmark

Finland

Holland ,

34,9

33,7

29,4

Sweden

France

Spain 29,4

29,0

28,6

27 5

Spain

Norway

USA

United Kingdom 27,5

23,1

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

United Kingdom

Estonia%


One-person household with income of 57,300 euros per yearSource: Taxpayers’ Association of Finland, International Wage Tax Survey 2010

Education

29

Higher education funding should be based on quality.

One criteria in the assessment of productivity should be quality of employment One criteria in the assessment of productivity should be quality of employment.

The employment perspective must extend to all education.

The competence targets in academic degrees should include working life skills, working ability d i t kand coping at work.

In anticipating education, we must move away from rigidly anticipating number of degrees to anticipating competence needs and the flexibility of degree contents.

Less money is spent on education in Finland per student than in the OECD countries on average, and as a result the ratio of students to teachers in institutes of higher education is too high.

Research shows that the period after graduation affects a person's career path long into the future.

Persons who became unemployed upon graduation during the recession of the 1990s ti t h l t t th th i i th b k tcontinue to have poorer employment prospects than their peers in the same age bracket

and younger people.

It is therefore important that people find jobs that match their educational level soon after graduation


graduation.

Population by level of education, 1975–2017

30

p y

100% Tertiary education *** Secondary education ** Primary education *

20

11 15 21 23 25 273580

90

100

3034 36 38 3950

60

70

6955

45 41 37

46

20

30

40

41 37 3419

0

10

20

1975 1985 1995 2000 2005 2009 Estimation 2017

Population aged 15 and older*) No educational qualification beyond compulsory education

1975 1985 1995 2000 2005 2009 Estimation 2017


) o educa o a qua ca o beyo d co pu so y educa o**) Matriculation examination or lowest level tertiary education qualification***) Lower or higher degree in tertiary educationSource: Statistics Finland, Educational Institutions

Akava members and total labour force in 2009

31

by educational level, %

Doctorate 7

50

1Doctorate

Highest level academic degrees of licentiate anddoctorate (scientific post-graduate degrees)

Higher-degree level tertiary educationM i l hi h i it d ( t ’ l l)

24

12

11 Akava membersLower-degree level tertiary education

Mainly polytechnic degrees and lower university degrees

Mainly higher university degrees (master’s level),specialist’s degrees in medicine, graduate engineers

11

11

18

Akava members

Total labour forceLowest level tertiary education

Vocational college education. Examples of vocational collegequalifications include Technician Engineer, Diploma in Business

and Administration and Diploma in Nursing

6

2

43Upper secondary education

Gives general eligibility for tertiary education

215

0 20 40 60



0 20 40 60Source: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics 2009

Persons with higher-degree level education in Finland and in some

32

other countries in 2008

43Japan 55Japan 40USA

25–64 years of age 25–34 years of age 55–64 years of age

43

41

37

36

34

Japan

USA

Finland

Norway

Denmark

55

46

45

43

42

Japan

Norway

Ireland

Denmark

Belgium

40

29

28

27

27

USA

Finland

Norway

Switzerland

England

34

34

33

32

32

Ireland

Switzerland

England

Belgium

Holland

42

41

41

40

39

USA

Sweden

France

Holland

Spain

26

26

26

26

24

Sweden

Holland

Denmark

Japan

Germany32

32

29

28

27

Holland

Sweden

Spain

OECD

France

39

38

38

38

35

Spain

Switzerland

England

Finland

OECD

24

22

20

19

18

Germany

Belgium

OECD

Ireland

EU19

25

25

23

18

Germany

EU19

Greece

Austria

32

28

24

20

EU19

Greece

Germany

Italy

17

16

15

15

France

Spain

Greece

Austria

In addition to university and polytechnic degrees, higher-degree level tertiary education also includes somel t l l t ti d ti lifi ti h t h i i d di l i B i d Ad i i t ti

14

14

0 20 40

Italy

Portugal

%

19

14

0 20 40

Austria

Portugal

%

10

8

0 20 40

Italy

Portugal

%


lowest level tertiary education qualifications, such as technicians and diplomas in Business and AdministrationSource: OECD, Education at a Glance 2010

Education costs per student in Finland and in OECD countries, 2007

33

p

4,7905,450Pre-primary education Finland

OECD countries

6,230

7,830

6,740Primary & lower secondary

education

U d d ti 7,830

13,570

8,270

12 910


Tertiary education

12,910

12,910

8,970

y

Tertiary education

incl. research & development

excl research & development

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000 USD

excl. research & development


Figures are purchasing power adjustedSource: OECD Education at a Glance 2010

Entrepreneurship

34

Akava membership includes about 25,000 self-employed persons and entrepreneurs. Akava is one of Finland’s largest entrepreneurial organisations.

62 per cent of these persons are full-time and 38 per cent part-time.

More than half operate in the field of social services and health. p

The highly educated make up a large percentage of the group of entrepreneurs who are planning to increase the size of their business in the next few years.

Academically educated people have great entrepreneurial potential Academically educated people have great entrepreneurial potential.

Akava aims to increase entrepreneurial training at all educational levels.

The key challenge faced by highly educated entrepreneurs is to secure the same social security benefits as salary earners.


Akava’s entrepreneurial/self-employed members, 2010

35

p p y

Agriculture, forestry and environment4 %Social services and 4 %Social services and

health care9 %

Technology andnatural sciences

16 %16 %

Medical doctors in all

Social sciences

Medical doctors in allspecialisations45 %

Social sciences26 %

Among Akava’s membership there are approx. 25,000 full- or part-time entrepreneurs and self-employed persons.


Source: Akava’s affiliates

Entrepreneurs and self-employed persons by level of education

36

in Finland, 1997 and 2008

% 1997 2008

4244

40

45

50

32

2425

30

35

2022

24

1015

20

25

710

0

5

10



Lower-degree level tertiary education

Higher-degree level tertiary education


Primary production excludedSource: Statistics Finland, Labour Force Statistics; Ministry of Employment and the Economy, The Entrepreneurship Review 2010

Organisation

37

The Akava confederation is strong, with a uniform purpose and impact.

Akava promotes the success and security of its members.

Members receive quality representation throughout their membership period.

O i i th t 80 t f ll th t ti l b i ffili t ill j i Ak Our aim is that 80 per cent of all the potential members in our affiliates will join Akava.

Akava membership is continuously growing. New affiliate unions and individuals are joining all the time.

Akava members work in demanding professions that significantly contribute to Finland’s success.

Students play an important role in the Akava community.


38

Number of Akava members

600600

1,000 members

523

500

375

300

400

162

265

200

300

42100

01970 1980 1990 2000 2011 Aim 2015



39

Membership of each of the three main employee confederations as ap p ypercentage of all wage and salary earners in Finland, 1970–2010

8080%

60

65

70

75

60

65

70

75

45

50

55

60

45

50

55

60

SAK; 1,043,000

25

30

35

40

25

30

35

40

STTK; 614,000STTK+TVK

10

15

20

25

10

15

20

25

Akava; 547,000

0

5

0

5

1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1991 1993 1995 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010


Source: Employee confederations’ cost distribution 24.5.2010

40

Number of student members in Akava

101,950100 000

110 000

91,200

80 000

90 000

100 000

64,100

60 000

70 000

49,000

40 000

50 000

20 000

30 000

0

10 000

1996 2000 2005 2011



41

Reasons for membership in an Akava member organisation, %g

Of some significance Very important

17

28

73

61

Pay related benefits in case of unemployment

Security in pay and employment conditions

36

39

49

34

Membership provides general security

Well-educated should stick together 39

51

34

21

Well educated should stick together

Services and allowances for members

34

42

30

20

At present it is customary to be a member

Professional development

34 11

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

Professional activities in the organisation%


Source: Akava Member Opinion Poll 2011

Akava’s organisation for negotiations

42

Akava Employersand governmentCentral organisation

agreements

Akava’s Public SectorNegotiation Commission

JUKO

g

Office for Government as EmployerCommission for Local Authority

Employers

gTripartite agreements

Coordination

CollectiveAgreementsJUKO

The Delegation of Professionaland Managerial Employees

EmployersChurch

Confederation of Finnish Industries

Agreements(public sector)

Collectiveand Managerial EmployeesYTN EK and its affiliates

CollectiveAgreements

Employees in Technical and Commission for LocalC ll ti

Organisations’ collective E l i ti

Employees in Technical andBasic Service Professions KTN

Commission for LocalAuthority EmployersCollective

Agreements(public sector)

Organisations collectiveagreements

Entrepreneurs and Parliament, Ministries,

Employer organisationsCollectiveAgreements


pself-employed persons

Parliament, Ministries, Local AuthoritiesInfluencing

legislation

Akava’s affiliates and number of members 1.1.2011

43

Trade Union of Education in Finland 119 564 Finnish Psychological Association 6 105

The Finnish Association of Graduate Engineers TEK 73 438 Finnish Association of Academic Agronomists 5 933

Union of Professional Engineers in Finland UIL 61 810 The Officers Union 5 838SEFE - The Finnish Association of Business School Graduates 47 200 The Union of Church Professionals within Akava AKI 5 686

Finnish Business Polytechnic Graduates Association 26 394The Institute Officers Union of the Finnish Defence Forces and the Border Guard 4 566Finnish Business Polytechnic Graduates Association 26 394 Forces and the Border Guard 4 566

Sales and Marketing Professionals SMKJ 26 202 Finnish Union of Environmental Professionals 4 531

Akava Special Branches 25 761 Union of Swedish-speaking Engineers in Finland 3 220

Finnish Medical Association 23 154 The Finnish Association of Architects 2 692Finnish Medical Association 23 154 The Finnish Association of Architects 2 692

Union of Professional Social Workers 21 657 Society of Finnish Professional Foresters 2 621

Association of Finnish Lawyers 15 423 Union of Finnish University Professors 2 306

Finnish Association of Political Scientists 10 843 Finnish Veterinary Association 2 251y

Union of Technical Professionals, KTK 9 929 The Union of Diaconal Workers in Finland 1 905

Finnish Pharmacists' Association 8 524 The Finnish Association of Occupational Health Nurses 1 882Managers and Specialists in the Private Sector YTY & Professional Coaches of Finland 8 271 Union of Finnish Speech Therapists 1 332Professional Coaches of Finland 8 271 Union of Finnish Speech Therapists 1 332

Finnish Union of Experts in Science 7 397 Kirkon Nuorisotyöntekijöiden Liitto KNT 1 030

Finnish Union of University Researchers and Teachers 6 755 Health Science Academic Leaders and Experts 1 024Finnish Dental Association 6 732 AKAVA's General Group 837


Total 552 813

Statistical information on Akava members

44

Number of Akava members 1.1.2011 552 813 Proportion of women 51 %

Main occupation: Average age 42 years

Full-time work 87 % Age distribution 1.1.2011:

Part-time work 6 % under 30 10 %

Unemployed 3 % 30–39 28 %

Entrepreneur 3 % 40–49 28 %

Employer 1.1.2011: 50–59 24 %

Private enterprise 55 % over 60 10 %

Municipality 33 % Lower tertiary or a higher level qualification 81 %

State 7 % Living in Helsinki Metropolitan Area 32 %

Self-employed professionals 3 % Members in full-time work:

Ch h 2 % Fi d t k 12 %Church 2 % Fixed term work 12 %

Position in organisation: Average years in service in current employment 9

Professionals 34 % Average gross income 2010, euros/month 4 100

Teaching professionals 26 % Average working hours/week 40 7Teaching professionals 26 % Average working hours/week 40,7 Legislators, senior officials and managers 22 % Persons working overtime 22 %

Technical and associate professionals 13 % Persons working over 48 hours/week 12 %


Others 5 % Persons working overtime without compensation 38 %Sources: Statistics Finland, Labour force statistics; Akava's affiliates

Documents

A glance at Akava 2011