Dr.Sarma@works 1

‹Ï ªÄÕ ©Ã�ÊΪÁ֧¦ÁþÁ¥ÁÐ

Om Sree Vighnaeswaraaya namah

©Ã©Ê�Á úÁƙ¥Á›Ã

Dr.Sarma@works 2

Vivaeka Choodaamani

The Crest Jewel of

Discrimination

Part I

From 01 to 41

Dr.Sarma@works 3

Dr.Sarma@works 4

£ÕöÁÒ ¬ÁœÁÔÏ ü�ÁþÃÒŸÂÔ

üÄ©Í £ëÿËé©Á þ¡Á§ÁÐ

Brahma is the Real

World is only an illusion

The Jeeva is none other than the Brahma

€žËÖœÁ ¬ÃžÂÏÏœÁÏ

Doctrine of Monism

Dr.Sarma@works 5

¥ÁÏ•Á®ÂúÁ§Á›Ï

¬Á§ÁÖ ©ÊžÂÏœÁ ¬ÃŸÂÏÏœÁ �ÍúÁ§ÁÏ œÁ¥Á �ÍúÁ§Á¥÷

�Í©ÃÏžÁÏ ¡Á§Á¥Á ÂþÁÏžÁÏ ¬ÁžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ ¡ÁÕ›œÍ¬ÁÒÔÿÁ¥÷ ||

sarva vaedaanta sidhdhaanta gocharam tama agocharam

govindam paramaanandam sadgurum pranatosmyaham ||

VC 01

Dr.Sarma@works 6

Invocation

• My obeisance to the Almighty - Govinda

• Whose nature is Bliss Supreme

• Who is the Guru of Gurus (sadguru)

• Who is the import of all erudition (Vedas)

• Who is beyond the reach of speech & mind

(Sri Govindaacharya is the

preceptor of Sankara Bhagavat paada)

Dr.Sarma@works 7

ªÁœÁ�ÍýÃüþÁÒ ¬ÁÅ�ÁÆœËƀ

üÏœÁÆþÂÏ þÁ§ÁüþÁÒ žÁŧÁפÁœÁ¥Áƀ ¡ÁôϬÁÌÖÏ œÁœÍ ©Ã¡ÁÕœÂ

œÁ³ÂÒžËÖžÃ�Á ŸÁ§Áé¥Á §ÁÓ¡Á§ÁœÂ ©ÃžÁÖœÁÌÖ¥Á³ÂÒœÁЧÁ¥÷ ,

�œÂÒþÂœÁÒ ©Ã©ÊúÁþÁÏ ¬ÁÖþÁŤÁ©Í £ÕöÁÒœÂÒþ ¬ÁϬÃËœÃ

§ÁÅé•Ãà§ÍÎ ªÁœÁ�ÍýÃüþÁÒ ¬ÁÅ�ÁÆœËƀ ¡Áô›ËÔ§Ãíþ¨¤ÁÔœÊ ||

jantoonaam narajanma durlabhatamah pumstwam tato viprataa

tasmaadvaidika dharma maargaparataa vidwat twamas maatparam,

Atmaanaatma vivaechanam swanubhavo brahmaatmaanaa samsthiti

rmuktirno satakoti janma sukritaih punyair vinaa labhyatae ||

VC 02

Dr.Sarma@works 8

Blessed We are !

• Among all beings a human birth is a gift

• More so a fit and healthy body (male)

• Rarer than that is one with adequate intelligence

• Rarer still is inclination towards Vedic path

• Higher than this is discriminative ability

• Still higher is Realization of Identity – Brahman

Isn’t this the merit of millions of births !

Dr.Sarma@works 9

žÁŧÁפÁ œÁÕſÁÏ

žÁŧÁפÁÏ œÁÕſÁ¥Ê©ËœÁžÊÍ©ÂþÁÅ�ÁÕÿÁÿÊœÁÅ�Á¥ ÷,

¥ÁþÁÅ«ÁÔœÁÖÏ ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ ¥ÁöÁ¡Áô§ÁÅ«Á¬ÁϪÁë¦ÁÐ ||

durlabham trayam yaevai tad daeva anugraha haetukam,

manushyatwam mumukshutwam mahaapurusha samsrayah ||

VC 03

Dr.Sarma@works 10

The rarest three

These three things are rare indeed

• Birth in human form (with special powers)

• The longing for Liberation (not all possess)

• The guidance of perfected teacher

These are due to the grace of god

Dr.Sarma@works 11

�œÁÒöÁ ¬ÁÖÏ ©ÃþÃÿÁþÁÌÔ

labdhwaa katham chin narajanma durlabham

tatraapi pumstwam srutipaaradarsanam,

yah swaatma muktyai na yataeta moodha Dheeh

sa Atmahaa swam vinihantya asad grahaat ||

¨£Âãí •Á•ÁÏúÃþÁä§ÁüþÁÒ žÁŧÁì¤ÁÏ

œÁœÂÕ¡Ã ¡ÁôϬÁÌÖÏ ªÁÅ՜ñ§ÁžÁ§ÁîþÁ¥÷,

ſÁƀ ³ÂÖœÁÒ¥ÁÅ�ËÌÔþÁ ſÁœÊœÁ ¥ÁÆšÁŸÄƀ

¬Á �œÁÒöÁ ¬ÁÖÏ ©ÃþÃÿÁþÁÌÔ¬ÁžÁÓÕöÁœ ÷ ||

VC 04

Dr.Sarma@works 12

Oh! Man – commit not suicide

Having been empowered with all the

above said special gifts from god

• Isn’t it too foolish not to exert for realization

• Not to commit ourselves for liberation

By clinging to the things so unreal

• Aren’t we wasting our precious gift ?

• Isn’t this deliberate suicide !!

Dr.Sarma@works 13

�Í þÁÖ¬ÃÌ ¥ÁƚœÂÒ ?

‚œÁƀ �Í þÁÖ¬ÃÌ ¥ÁƚœÂÒ ſÁ¬ÁÅÌ ³ÂÖ§Êá ¡Áë¥Á žÁÔœÃ,

žÁŧÁì¤ÁÏ ¥Á ÂþÁÅ«ÁÏ žÊÿÁÏ ±ÂÕ¡ÁÔ œÁœÂÕ¡Ã ±Î§ÁÅ«Á¥÷ ||

itah know-asti moodhaatmaa yastu swaarthae pramaadyati,

durlabham maanusham daeham praapya tatraapi pourusham ||

VC 05

Dr.Sarma@works 14

What a fool ?

What greater fool is there than the man

• Who having obtained a rare gift of human body

• And that too a healthy, powerful and intelligent one

• If he neglects to achieve the real end of life

Real end meaning liberation ( salvation)

Dr.Sarma@works 15

©Ã¥ÁÅ•Ãà§ÁÎ ¬ÃŸÁÔœÃ

pathantu saastraani yajantu daevaan

kurwantu karmaani bhajantu daevataah,

Atmaikya bodhaena vinaa vimuktir

na sidhyati brahma sataantaraepi ||

¡ÁÞÁþÁÅÌ ªÂ³ÂÌ՛à ſÁüþÁÅÌ žÊ©Âþ ÷

•ÁŧÁíþÁÅà •Á§Âқà ¤ÁüþÁÅÌ žÊ©ÁœÂƀ,

�œËÒ�Áԣ͟ÊþÁ ©Ãþ ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ÃÌ

§ÁÎ ¬ÃŸÁԜà £ÕÿÁÒªÁœÂþÁ̧ʡà ||

VC 06

Dr.Sarma@works 16

Rituals never are the means

• May be well versed in all scriptures

• May one undertake all rituals and karmaas

These indeed help one go no where

But without the realization of our true identity

with the Atman within

There is no liberation

Even after millions of years of existence

Lifetime of Brahma : 1 day = 432 miln. years

Dr.Sarma@works 17

‚œÊÔ©Áÿà ªÁÅÕœÃƀ

amritatwaasya naasaasti vittaena ityaevahisrutihi,

braveeti karmano muktaer ahaetutwam sphutam yatah ||

€¥ÁÆœÁœÁÖ¬ÁÔ þª¬ÃÌ©ÃœÊÌþÊœÊÔ©ÁÿêÁÅÕœÃƀ,

£Õ©ÄœÃ �Á§ÁÒ›Í ¥ÁÅ�Ȩ̂ÁÿÊœÁÅœÁÖϬÁÅæýÏ ſÁœÁƀ ||

VC 07

Dr.Sarma@works 18

The Vedic Dictum

• There is no hope of immortality by means of

money or money made many things –

• Such indeed is the declaration of the Vedas

• So, it is clear that rituals, desire prompted

actions, forbidden paths and foolish clinging

to worldly riches cannot cause liberation.

(Ref :Brihadaaranyaka II. iv.2)

Dr.Sarma@works 19

¬Á¥ÁÅ¡ÊœÁÔ žÊªÃ�ÁÏ

ato vimuktyai prayataeta vidwaan

samnyasta baahyaartha sukhasprihah san

santam mahaantam samupaetya daesikam

Taenopadishtaartha samaahitaatmaa ||

€œÍ ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ËÌÔ ¡ÁÕſÁœÊœÁ ©ÃžÂÖþ ÷

¬ÁÏ þÁê¬Áà £ÂöÁê§ÁÅËƁŽ¬ÁÐÆÿÁƀ ¬Áþ÷

¬ÁþÁÌÏ ¥ÁöÁþÁÌÏ ¬Á¥ÁÅ¡ÊœÁÔ žÊªÃ�ÁÏ

œÊþÍ¡ÁžÃ´ÂÛ§Áá¬Á¥Á ÂÿܜÂÒ ||

VC 08

Dr.Sarma@works 20

Therefore one must strive for liberation

How?

• By renouncing sensual pleasures

• Devoid of desires on external objects

• Duly* approaching a generous preceptor

• Fixing the mind on the truth inculcated by him.

*Gita IV–34 : pranipaataena pariprasnaena sevayaa

What are we to do ?

Dr.Sarma@works 21

„žÁϧʞœÁÒþÂœÂÒþÁÏ

Uddharaed aatman aatmaanam magnam samsaara vaarithou,

Yogaaroodhatwam aasaadya samyag darsana nishthayaa ||

„žÁϧʞœÁÒþÂœÂÒþÁÏ ¥Á�ÁÎÏ ¬Áϳ§Á©Â§Ã•Î,

¦É•§ÁÆšÁœÁÖ¥Á ³žÁÔ ¬Á¥ÁÔ�ÁͧÁîþÁþëÁܦÁ  ||

VC 09

Dr.Sarma@works 22

How to attain yoga ?

• Though immersed in this of mortal life

• One should rediscover himself and lift himself up – for no one else can lift us up* !

What are the means ?

1. Perfect devotion (yogaaroodha** state)

2. Right discrimination

*Gita VI –5 : uddharaed atman atamaana

**Gita VI–4 : yadaa hi …...Sarva samkalpa

sanyaasiee yogaaroodha stadochyatae

Dr.Sarma@works 23

¬ÁÏþÁê¬Áê ¬Á§Áí•Á§ÂÒ›Ã

sanyasya sarwakarmaani bhavabandha vimuktayae,

yatyataam panditair dheerair aatmaabhyaasa upasthitaih ||

¬ÁÏþÁê¬Áê ¬Á§Áí•Á§Âқà ¤Á©Á£ÏŸÁ©Ã¥ÁÅ�ÁÌſÊ,

ſÁœÁÔœÂÏ ¡ÁϙÜ˧Äã§Ë§ÂœÂÒ¤ÂÔ¬Á „¡Á¬ÃËœËƀ ||

VC 10

Dr.Sarma@works 24

Cut loose all ‘Actions’

• The wise = the man with discrimination

• The erudite = the man with equanimity

• Give up all actions* = All desire prompted

motivated actions and all forbidden or evil

actions – not the selfless service

*Gita V-11 : kaayaena ..…sangam tyaktwaa

*Gita III-5 : nahi kaschit kshanamapi

Dr.Sarma@works 25

þÁ �ÃÏúÃœÁȧÁé•ÍýäÃÐ

chittasya suddhayae karma na tu vastoopa labdhayae,

Vastu siddhir wichaaraena na kinchit karmakotibhihi ||

úÃœÁ̬ÁÔ ªÁÅžÁÏſÊ �Á§ÁÒ þÁ œÁÅ ©Á¬ÁÆÌ¡Á¨£ã¦Ê,

©Á¬ÁÅ̬ÞÃϧÃíú§ʛ þÁ �ÃÏúÃœÁȧÁé•ÍýäÃÐ ||

VC 11

Dr.Sarma@works 26

Ten million is naught

• The works prescribed by the scriptures, when

done with faith and devotion, lead to purification

of mind and wash of tainted thoughts.

• These are only a prerequisite to the end – and not

the end by itself – neither they are the means to

reach the perfect end – the salvation.

• This does not ensure perception of reality unless

true discrimination is practiced.

Dr.Sarma@works 27

¤ÂÕþÍÌԞÜÁ¥ÁöÁ¬Á§ÁåÐ

Samyag vichaaratah siddhaa rajju tattwaavadhaaranaa,

Bhraantyodita mahaasarpa bhavadukhah vinaasanee ||

¬Á¥Áê•Ãíú§ÁœÁƀ ¬ÃžÂÏ §ÁüÅØœÁœÂÌÖ©ÁŸÂ§Á›Â,

¤ÂÕþÍÌԞÜÁ¥ÁöÁ¬Á§ÁФÁ©ÁžÁÅŽƀ ©ÃþªÁþÄ ||

VC 12

Dr.Sarma@works 28

The delusion

• By adequate reasoning the conviction about reality is

gained – just as the rope mistaken as snake –

perceived correctly as rope by adequate reasoning and

proof.

• This annuls the great misery and fear caused by the

delusion in the mind.

Our mistaken identity that we are this never lasting

body - when in reality we are the ever existing Atman

– is the Delusion or Bhranthi

Dr.Sarma@works 29

©Ãú§ʛ žÁÆ´ÍÛ

arthasya nischayo drishto vichaaraena hitoktitah,

Na snaanaena na daanaena praanaayaama sataena vaa ||

€§ÁˬÁÔ þêÁÉſÇ žÁÆ´ÍÛ ©Ãú§ʛ ÿÃœÍ�ÃÌœÁƀ,

þÁ³ÂÎþÊþÁ þÁ žÂþÊþÁ ±ÂÕ›ÂſÁ Â¥ÁªÁœÊþÁ ©Â ||

VC 13

Dr.Sarma@works 30

Nay by baths, gifts….

• By reasoning upon the salutary counsel

• from the wise (men of realization) – only then

• Truth is seen to dawn on the seeker

Not by hundreds of

1. Holy dips in sacred rivers

2. Charities made

3. Pranaa yama (restraining breathing)

Dr.Sarma@works 31

¢Á¨ ¬ÃžÃÏ

Adhikaarinam aasaastae phalasiddhir wisaeshatah,

Upaayaa daesa kaalaadyaah santyasmin sahakaarinah ||

€ŸÃ�§Û¥Á ª¬Êà ¢Á¨¬ÃžÃϧÃ֪ʫÁœÁƀ,

„±Â¦Á  žÊªÁ �¨žÂƀÔ ¬ÁþÁÌÔ¬ÃÒþ÷ ¬ÁÿÁ•Â§Ã›ƀ ||

VC 14

Dr.Sarma@works 32

Success

• Success essentially depends on the

• Qualified* aspirant / seeker

• Time, place and other such means

• are but auxiliaries in attaining success

*Qualifications ? ……. Let us proceed further

Dr.Sarma@works 33

žÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅãÏ •ÁŧÁÅÏ

ato vichaarah kartavyo mumukshor aatma vastunah ,

samaasaadya dayaasindhum gurum brahma viduttamam ||

€œÍ ©Ãú§ÁÐ •Á§Áà©Íê ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅ¯Í §ÂœÁÒ©Á¬ÁÅÌþÁƀ ,

¬Á¥Á ³žÁÔ žÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅãÏ •ÁŧÁÅÏ £ÕÿÁҩÞÁÅœÁÌ¥Á¥ ÷ ||

VC 15

Dr.Sarma@works 34

The Guru

• The Guru

– The best of the knowers of Brahman

– Must have personally experienced the truth

– Should be an ocean of mercy and kindness

• The Seeker

– Must duly approach the Guru

– Must take the path of reasoning and test the truths inculcated to him– not passive listening

Dr.Sarma@works 35

€ŸÃ�§ÂÔœÁÒ ©ÃžÂÔſÁ Â

maedhaavee purusho vidwaan ooha apoha vichakshanah ,

adhikaaryaatma vidyaayaam ukta lakshana lakshitah ||

¥ÊŸÂ©Ä ¡Áô§ÁÅ´Í ©ÃžÂÖþÁÆöÁ±ÍÿÁ©ÃúÁßÁ›ƀ ,

€ŸÃ�§ÂÔœÁÒ ©ÃžÂÔſÁ Â¥ÁÅ•Áà¨ßÁ›¨ßÃœÁƀ ||

VC 16

Dr.Sarma@works 36

Fitness of recipient

• Intelligent to grasp the subtleties

• Devoid of any doubts (samsayas)

• Skilled in defending scriptural injunctions

• Expert in refuting counter-arguments

• Endowed with above characteristics

Such recipient is fit to receive Atma Jnaana

Dr.Sarma@works 37

£ëÿÁéüÃüÂÚ³Â

vivaekino viraktasya samaadi guna saalinah ,

mumuksho raeva hi brahmajijnaasaa yogyataa mataa ||

©Ã©Ê•ÃþÍ ©Ã§Á•Áà¬Áê ªÁ¥Á žÃ�ÁÅ› ªÂ¨ÃþÁÐ ,

¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅ¯Í §Ê©Á ÿà £ÕÿÁÒüÃüÂڳ ſÇÂ�ÁԜ ¥ÁœÂ ||

VC 17

Dr.Sarma@works 38

Who is qualified ?

• Who discriminates between real and unreal

• Whose mind is tuned off towards the unreal

• Who possesses calmness (sama) and allied qualities

• Who is longing for liberation

He is the one qualified

to inquire after the Brahman

Remember no one is debarred

Dr.Sarma@works 39

³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ

Saadhanaan yatra chatwaari kathitaani maneeshibheeh

yaeshu satswaeva sannishthaa yadabhaavae na siddhyati ||

³ÂŸÁþÂþÁÔœÁÕ úÁœÂ֧à �Á�ÃœÂþà ¥ÁþīäÄƀ

ſÊ«ÁÅ ¬ÁœÊƁÖ©Á ¬ÁþÃδÂÊ ſÁžÁ¤Â©Ê þÁ ¬ÃžÁÏԜà ||

VC 18

Dr.Sarma@works 40

The four

• Sages have prescribed four means (steps) for attainment.

• Devotion to Brahman succeeds only when these four means are harmoniously utilized.

• In the absence of these, this pursuit for Brahman will be only a vain attempt.

Dr.Sarma@works 41

³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ

Adou nitya anitya vastu vivaekah pariganyatae,

iha mutra phalabhoga viraagas tadanantaram,

�žÎþÃœÂÔ þÃœÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅ̩éÊ�Áƀ ¡Á§Ã�Á›ÔœÊ,

‚ÿÁ¥ÁÅœÁÕ¢Á¨¤Í•Á©Ã§Â�Á ¬ÁÌžÁþÁþÁ̧Á¥÷ ,

VC 19

Dr.Sarma@works 42

The first two

• First and foremost is

– The Discrimination between the Real and

unreal

• Next comes the aversion towards or disinterest

– in enjoyment of fruits of our actions here and

hereafter - this is renouncing the unreal

Dr.Sarma@works 43

³ÂŸÁþÁ úÁœÁÅ«ÁÛſÁÏ

Samaadi shatka sampattir mumukshutwam iti sphutam,

brahma satyam jagan mithyaa ityaevam roopo vinischayah ||

ªÁ¥Á žëÁýȬÁÏ¡ÁœÃ̧ÁÅÒ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁ֥ÜìÁÅæý¥÷,

£ÕÿÁÒ ¬ÁœÁÔÏ ü�ÁþÃÒ�ÊÔœÊÔ©ÁÏ §ÁÆ±Í ©ÃþêÁÖ¦ÁÐ ||

VC 20

Dr.Sarma@works 44

The next two

• Next in order are

– The group of six attributes – calmness (sama) and the rest,

• Lastly

– The intense yearning/ longing /love for liberation

A firm conviction of the mind

to the effect that Brahman is the Real

and universe is unreal

Dr.Sarma@works 45

©Ã©Ê•ÁÐ

³ÍſÁÏ þÃœÂÔþÃœÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅ̩éÊ�Áƀ ¬Á¥ÁÅžÂÿÁÆœÁƀ

œÁžË֧•ÁêÏ üÃöÁ³Â ¦Á  žÁ§ÁØþÁªÁÕ©Á›ÂžÃ¤Ãƀ ||

soyam nitya anitya vastu vivaekah samudaahritah

Tad wairaagyam jihaasaa yaa darsana sravanaadibhih ||

VC 21

Dr.Sarma@works 46

Discrimination

1. A firm conviction of the mind to the effect

that Brahman is the Real and universe is unreal

2. This is designated as the true discrimination

(viveka) between the real and unreal.

3. Vairaagya or renunciation is the active

effort to give up all transitory sensual

enjoyments

Dr.Sarma@works 47

©Ë§Â•ÁêÐ

Daehaadi brahma paryantae hyanityae bhogya vastuni

virajya vishaya vraataad doshadrishtyaa muhur muhuh ||

žÊöÁžÃ£ÕÿÁÒ¡Á§ÁÔþÊÌ ÿÁÔþÃœÊÔ ¤Í�ÁÔ©Á¬ÁÅÌþÃ

©Ã§ÁüÔ ©Ã«ÁſÁ ©Â՜žÍÍ«ÁžÁÆ´ÂÛê ¥ÁÅÿÁŧÁÅéÿÁÅÐ ||

VC 22

Dr.Sarma@works 48

Vairaagya

1. Vairaagya or renunciation is the active

effort to give up all transitory sensual

enjoyments.

2. This ranges from this animate body to those

upto the supreme brahmaahood -

3. Having already understood the defects of

these by observation, instruction and so forth

time and again (continually).

Dr.Sarma@works 49

ªÁ¥ÁÐ

swalakshyae niyata avasthaa manasah sama uchchyatae,

vishayaebhyah paraavartya sthaapanam swaswagolhakae ||

¬Áí¨ßÊÔ þÃſÁœÂ©Á³ÂË¥ÁþÁ¬Áƀ ªÁ¥Á „úÁÉÔœÊ,

©Ã«Á¦Ê¤ÁêÐ ¡Á§Â©Á§Áàê ³Âá¡ÁþÁÏ ¬Áí¬Áí•Í®Á•Ê||

VC 23

Dr.Sarma@works 50

Calmness

Tranquility or calmness or Sama

• Steadfast effort to rest or turnoff the mind after having declined entry for the sensory inputs from manifold sense objects and not permitting unwarranted motor activity

• In simple terms controlling the antah karanams or inner functional faculties

Dr.Sarma@works 51

žÁ¥Áƀ - „¡Á§ÁœÃ

Ubhaya yeshaam indriyaanaam sa damah parikeertitah,

Baahya anaalambanam vrittaer aesha uparatir uttamaa ||

„¤ÁſÊ´Â¥ÃþÃâë¦Á ›ÂÏ ¬ÁžÁ¥Áƀ ¡Á§Ã•Ä§ÃÌœÁƀ

£ÂöÁêþ¨ϣþÁÏ ©ÁÆœȨ̂ʴ͡Á§ÁœÃ§ÁÅœÁÌ¥Á  ||

VC 24

Dr.Sarma@works 52

Self Control

Self restraint or self control or Dama

• Turning both the motor and sensory organs away from sense objects at the entry level itself and fixing them in their respective spheres of reality is called Dama or self control.

Self withdrawal + active tuning inward- Uparati

• After the inner organs are turned off- tuning them towards inner atmaan for higher pursuits of life (without mental craving for senses)– – is called uparati – inactively active state –(like the atom)

Dr.Sarma@works 53

œÃœÃßÂ

sahanam sarwa duhkhaanaam apratiikaara puurwakam,

chintaa vilaapa rahitam saa titikshaa nigadyatae ||

¬ÁÿÁþÁÏ ¬Á§ÁÖžÁÅƀŽÂþÂ¥Á¡ÁÕœÄ�§Á ¡Áõ§Áí•Á¥÷,

úÃϜ ©Ã¨Â¡Á§ÁÿÃœÁÏ ³Â œÃœÃß þÃ�ÁžÁÔœÊ ||

VC 25

Dr.Sarma@works 54

Forbearance

Titikshaa or Forbearance

• The ability to bear with all afflictions,

duals and insults without caring to redress

or revolt for them in spite of having the

mental and physical capability to do so,

being free from anxiety and lamentation

on the afflictions received.

Dharma Raja is the best example

Dr.Sarma@works 55

ªÁÕžÂÏ

Saastrasya guru vaakyasya satya buddhya avadhaaranaa,

Saa sraddhaa kathitaa sadbhir yayaa vastu upalabhyatae ||

ªÂ¬Áàë¬Áê •ÁŧÁÅ©Â�ÁÔ¬ÁÔ ¬ÁœÁԣŞÂÏÔ©ÁŸÂ§Á›Â,

³ÂªÁÕžÂÏ �Á�Ü ¬ÁžÃÓ§Áê¦Á  ©Á¬ÁÆà¡Á¨¤ÁÔœÊ ||

VC 26

Dr.Sarma@works 56

Acceptance

• Acceptance by firm judgment after

practicing and verifying what the Guru and

the scriptures instruct – as true is termed as

sraddhaa or faith.

• Not to be confused with blind belief

• The whole mind must attain that perfect

state of reliance on the truth of the

instruction – then only practice is possible.

Dr.Sarma@works 57

¬Á¥Á ŸÂþÁÏ

samyagaasthaapanam buddhaeh Suddhae brahmani sarwadaa,

tat samaadhaanam ityuktam natu chittasya laalanam ||

¬Á¥ÁÔ�³ÂË¡ÁþÁÏ £ÅžÊÏƀ ªÁÅžÊÏ £ÕÿÁқà ¬Á§ÁÖžÂ,

œÁœÁƁ¥Á ŸÂþÁ¥ÃœÁÅÔ�ÁÌÏ þÁœÁÅ úÃœÁ̬ÁÔ ¨Â¨þÁ¥÷ ||

VC 27

Dr.Sarma@works 58

Self-settled ness

• The constant concentration of intellect or the

affirming faculty on the ever pure Brahman

is what is called Samaadhaana or Self-

settled ness

• Not mere indulgence of thought for a while

out of curiosity

• Not mere studying the truth to gain objective

knowledge – It should give subjective

experience.

Dr.Sarma@works 59

¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÂ

Ahamkaaraadi daehaantaa bandhaan ajnaana kalpitaan

Swa swaroopa avabodhaena moktumichchaa mumukshutaa ||

€ÿÁϕ§žÞÊöÁþÂÌ £þÂÏþÁüÂÚþÁ�Á¨ÃÐœÂþ÷

¬Áí¬Áí§ÁƱ©Á£ÍŸÊþÁ ¥ÇÂ�ÁÅÌ¥ÃúÂ× ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁŜ ||

VC 28

Dr.Sarma@works 60

Yearning for freedom

• The strong desire or longing in the inner core

to free or liberate oneself, by realizing one’s

true nature, from all bondages of body, mind

and egoism, super imposed due to ignorance.

Goutama Buddhaa is the best example

Dr.Sarma@works 61

The Essential Four1. Viveka – Discrimination of real and unreal

2. Viraagya – Active renunciation of fruits of actions –

aversion to sensual enjoyments

3. Sama etc., six

1. Sama/ Calmness- Antah karana restraint

2. Dama/ Self control– External gateways control

3. Uparati/ Inward withdrawal – Inactively active

4. Titiksha/ forbearence – Dharma raja example

5. Sraddha/ Faith/acceptance – Truth of instruction

6. Samaadhaanam/ self settledness – Identity with brahman

4. Mumuksutwam – Intense yearning for liberation.

Dr.Sarma@works 62

¡ÁճžʩÁ �ÁŧÍÐ

¥ÁÏžÁ ¥ÁŸÁÔ¥Á §ÁƱ¡à ©Ë§Â�ÊÔ› ªÁ¥Á žÃþÂ,

¡ÁճžʩÁ �ÁŧÍƀ ¬ÊſÁÏ ¡ÁÕ©ÁÆžÂÏ ¬ÁÆſÁœÊ ¢Á¨¥÷ ||

manda madhyama ruupaapi vairaagyaena Samaadinaa,

prasaadaeva guroh saeyam pravriddhaa suuyatae phalam ||

VC 29

Dr.Sarma@works 63

It develops

• Though torpid (dull) and mediocre

• This yearning for freedom

develops by means of vairaagya

and sama and so on

• May bear fruit due to perseverance

• Of course by the grace of the Guru

Dr.Sarma@works 64

¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ œÄ©ÁÕÏ

©Ë§Â�ÁÔÏúÁ ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁÅœÁÖÏ œÄ©ÁÕÏ ſÁ¬ÁÔœÁÅ ©ÃžÁÔœÊ,

œÁ¬ÃÒþÊÎ ©Â§Áá©ÁþÁàÐ ¬ÁÅêÐ ¢Á¨©ÁÏœÁƀ ªÁ¥Á žÁſÁƀ ||

vairaagyamcha mumukshutwam teevram yasyatu vidyatae,

Tasminnaeva arthavantah syuh phalavantah Samaadayah ||

VC 30

Dr.Sarma@works 65

Intense yearning

• If the yearning for liberation is very intense

• Sama and other practices, verily, become meaningful

• His efforts bear fruit – indeed in a very short time

Dr.Sarma@works 66

¥Á§Î ¬Á¨Ã¨©Áœ÷

ÝœÁſǧÁÒþÁ͜ €œÁÕ ©Ã§Á�ÁÌœÁÖ¥ÁÅ¥ÁÅßÁſÇÂƀ

¥Á§Î ¬Á¨Ã¨©ÁœÁÌœÁÕ ªÁ¥Á žʧÂè ¬Á¥Á ªÃ՜ ||

Etayoer mandataa atra viraktatwa mumukshayoeh

marou salilavat tatra Samaadaerbhaa samaasritaa ||

VC 31

Dr.Sarma@works 67

Hypocrite

• When the renunciation or vairagya is not perfect

(pseudo vairagya)

• Where the yearning for liberation is not intense

and not from within

• Then Sama and the other means (practices) are

mere external appearances –

• Like a mirage in a desert, they are in vain

• Such pseudo-seekers are hypocrites

Gita III- 06 : Karmaedriyani …. midhyacharaha ….

Dr.Sarma@works 68

¤Á•Ãà§Ê©Á •Á§Ä¦Á¬Ä,

¥É¯Á •Â§Á› ³Â¥Á�ÂÕÔÏ ¤Á�Ã̧ʩÁ •Á§Ä¦Á¬Ä,

¬Áí¬Áí§ÁƱÂþÁŬÁþÂãþÁÏ ¤Á•Ãà§ÃœÁԤßÄſÁœÊ ||

³ÂÖœÁÒœÁœÂÌÖþÁŬÁÏŸÂþÁÏ ¤Á�Ã̧ÜÁÔ¡Á§Ê ü•ÁÅÐ

moeksha kaarana saamagryaam bhaktiraeva gareeyasee,

Swa swaroopa anusandhaanam bhaktir ityabhidhiiyatae ||

swaatmatattwaanusamdhaanam bhaktirityaparae jaguh

VC 32

Dr.Sarma@works 69

Bhakti alone is supreme

• Among the things which culminate in liberation

• Bhakti or devotion is the most essential requisite.

What constitutes Bhakti ?

• The seeking after ones real nature is bhakti – QM

• The inquiry into the truth of one’s own Self is

bhakti - Sankara

• It is extreme love and longing for God- Narada

• It is extreme attachment to Iswara - Sandilya

Dr.Sarma@works 70

„¡Á¬ÄžÊžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ

„�ÁÌ ³ÂŸÁþÁ¬ÁÏ¡ÁþÁÎ ¬ÁÌœÁÖüÃüÂÚ¬ÁŧœÁÒþÁƀ,

„¡Á¬ÄžÊžÁÅÓ§ÁÅÏ ±ÂÕüÚÏ ſÁ³ÂÒžÁÑþÁÏ ©Ã¥ÇÂßÁ›¥ ÷ ||

ukta saadhana sampanna statwa jijnaasur aatmanah,

Upaseedaed gurum praajnam yasmaad bandha vimoekshaam ||

VC 33

Dr.Sarma@works 71

Duly approach the Guru

• The seeker about the truth of Atman

• Having made sure he possesses the means of

attainment - described earlier –

• Must duly approach a wise preceptor

• Who confers on the seeker – emancipation

from bondage

Dr.Sarma@works 72

žÊªÃ�ÁÏ

ªÍÕœÃÕſÇ €©ÁÇüÃþÍ €�Â¥ÁÿÁœÍ ſÇ £ÕÿÁÒ©ÃœÁÌ¥Áƀ

Srotriyoe avrijino akaamahato yoe brahmavittamah

VC 34

Dr.Sarma@works 73

Real Guru

• Who is well versed in Vedas

• Sinless

• Unsmitten by desire

• Knower of Brahman par excellence

Continued…

Dr.Sarma@works 74

£ÕÿÁÒ›ÅÔ¡Á§ÁœÁƀ ªÂþÍÌ þçÃþÁÏþÁ ‚©ÂþÁ¨Ð

€ÿÊœÁÅ�ÁžÁſÁ ¬ÃþÁÅã§ÁÑÏŸÁŧÂþÁ¥ÁœÂÏ ¬ÁœÂ¥÷ ||

brahmanyuparatah Saanto nirindhana ivaanalah

Ahaetuka dayaasindhur bandhur aanamataam sataam ||

žÊªÃ�ÁÏ

VC 35

Dr.Sarma@works 75

Real Guru

• Who has withdrawn himself into Brahman

• Who is calm

• Like fire that has consumed its fuel

• Who is boundless reservoir of mercy

• Who knows no reason to debar any one

• Friend of good seekers who surrender

This sloka is direct adoptation from Sruti

Dr.Sarma@works 76

¡ÁÇúÊל÷

œÁ¥Á §ŸÁÔ �ÁŧÁÅÏ ¤Á•Âàê ¡ÁëÿÁí¡ÁëªÁë¦Á¬Ê©ÁþËÐ,

¡ÁÕ¬ÁþÁÎÏ œÁ¥ÁþÁűÂë¡Áê ¡ÁÇúÊל÷ üÂÚœÁ©ÁÔ ¥Á ÂœÁÒþÁƀ ||

tamaaraadhya gurum bhaktyaa prahwa prasraya saevanaih,

prasannam tam anupraapya prichchaet jnaatavyam aatmanah ||

VC 36

Dr.Sarma@works 77

Should inquire

• When ?

– After complete self surrender

– Devoid of any ego – prostration etc..

– After pleasing the guru with due service

– Taking care to be very humble and with humility

• What ?

– What the seeker really ought to know

– Means the knowledge of Atma Jnana

Dr.Sarma@works 78

³Âí¥ÃþÁä¥Á¬Êà

³ÂÖ¥ÃþÁÎ¥Á¬ÊÌ þÁœÁ¨Í•Á£þÍã

•Â§ÁśԬÃþÍÏ ¡ÁœÃœÁÏ ¤Á©Â£ÎÏ,

¥Á Â¥ÁÅžÁϧœÄÒſÁ�ÁýÂßÁžÁÆ´ÂÛê

†üÂÖÔœÃ�§ÁÅ›Ô ¬Áş¤éÁÆ´ÂÛê ||

Swaamin namastae nataloka bandho

Kaarunya sindho patitam bhava abdhou,

Maam uddhara atmeeya kataaksha drishtyaa

Rijwyaati kaarunya sudhaabhi vrishtyaa ||

VC 37

Dr.Sarma@works 79

Seekers prayer

Oh ! Respected Master,

• You are indeed very friendly to the humble

• You are the ocean of mercy

• My obeisance to thee

• Fallen I am into this ocean of Samsara

• Please lift me up with thy graceful glance

• Thy grace supreme is indeed nectarine

A characteristic oriental hyperbolic expression

Dr.Sarma@works 80

þÁ üÂþÊ ªÁ§Á›Ô¥ÁþÁÔÏ

žÁŧÂí§Á¬Áϳ§ÁžÁ©Â�ÃÎœÁ¡ÁÌÏ

žÍŸÁÆſÁ¥Á ÂþÁÏ žÁŧÁžÁÆ«ÁÛ ©ÂœËƀ ,

¤ÄœÁÏ ¡ÁÕ¡ÁþÁÎÏ ¡Á§Ã±Âÿà ¥ÁÆœÍÔƀ

ªÁ§Á›Ô¥ÁþÁÔÏ ſÁžÁÿÁÏ þÁ üÂþÊ ||

Durwaara samsaara davaagni taptam

dodhooyamaanam duradrishta vaataih ,

bheetam prapannam paripaahi mrityoh

Saranyam anyam yad aham na jaanae ||

VC 38

Dr.Sarma@works 81

The helpless state

• I am caught in this unending fire of world-forest*

• Shaken violently by the gales of duradrusta**

(untoward forces)

• Terrified and so, seeking refuge in thee

• For, I know not any alternative and safe shelter

• Save me from this every day death (misery)

*Samsaara is called Daava anala (wild forest fire)

**Duradrusta is the summated effect of yester deeds

Tapatraya = the three types of misery

Dr.Sarma@works 82

¥ÁÿÁþÍà

ªÂϜ ¥ÁÿÁþÍÌ þéÁ¬ÁþÃÌ ¬ÁþÍÌ

©Á¬ÁþÁà©Á¨Í××�Á ÿÃœÁÏ úÁ§ÁþÁàÐ,

œÄ§ÂßÐ ¬Áí¦ÁÏ ¤Ä¥Á¤Á©Â§Áß©ÁÏ üþÂ

þÁ ÿÊœÁÅþÂþÂÔþÁ¡Ã œÂ§Á¦ÁþÁàÐ ||

Saantaa mahanto nivasanti santo

vasantavalloka hitam charantah,

teernaah swayam bheema bhavaarnavam janaa

na haetunaanyaanapi taarayantah ||

VC 39

Dr.Sarma@works 83

Attributes of the Great

Sir, I firmly believe, You are

• A great soul* , calm, composed and magnanimous

• Bring good to others like the Spring – unasked for

• You, yourself have skillfully and practically

crossed this dreadful ocean of Samsaara

• And also ready to help others in crossing the same

• You don't have any motive whatsoever – and

show no difference towards the seekers.

*Man who experienced the Para-apara Brahman

Dr.Sarma@works 84

¬ÁÅŸÂϪÁÅ §Ê«ÁÐ

€ſÁÏ ¬Á֤©Áƀ ¬ÁÖœÁ Ý©Á ſÁœÁЧÁ

ªÁë¥Á ¡ÁþÍžÁ¡ÁÕ©Á›Ï ¥ÁöÁœÁÒþÂ¥ ÷

¬ÁÅŸÂϪÁÅ §Ê«ÁÐ ¬Áí¦Á¥Á§ÁÑ•Á§ÁѪÁ

¡Áդ¤à œÁ±ÂÌ¥Á©ÁœÃ ßÃœÃÏ �è ||

ayam swabhaavah swata yaeva yatpara

Sramaapanoda pravanam mahaatmanaam

sudhaamsu raeshah swayam arka karkasa

prabhaabhi taptaam avati kshitim kila ||

VC 40

Dr.Sarma@works 85

The magnanimous –

• On their own accord make effort to help others

overcome any trouble

• Like the moon – who, unasked for, grants his cool

and pleasing shower of light

• And voluntarily saves the parched earth and its

scorched inhabitants – from the flames of the Sun.

The earlier example of Spring also is similar

The Magnanimous

Dr.Sarma@works 86

¡ÁÕ¤Í ¬ÄÖ�ÁÆœÂƀ

£ÕöÁÒþÁÏžÁ§Á³ÂþÁŤÁÆœÃ�Á¨ÃœËƀ ¡ÁõœËƀ ¬ÁŪĜ˧ÁÅÔœË

§ÁÅÔ«ÁÒžÂÖ�ÁȨªÍüÃÜœËƀ ªÁÅ՜ìÁŎ˧ÂÖ�ÂÔ¥ÁÆœËƀ ¬ÊúÁſÁ

¬ÁÏœÁ¡ÁÌÏ ¤Á©ÁœÂ¡Á žÂ©ÁžÁÿÁþÁ üÂ֨¤çÊþÁÏ ¡Áë¤Í

ŸÁþÂÔ¬ÊÌ ¤Á©ÁžÄßÁ›ßÁ› �ÁœÊƀ ±ÂœÄÕ�ÁÆœÂƀ ¬ÄÖ�ÁÆœÂƀ ||

Brahmaananda rasaanubhuuti kalitaih pootaih suseetairyutai

Ryushmad vaakkalasojjitaih sruti sukhair vaakyaamritaih saechaya

samtaptam bhavataapa daavadahana jwaalaabhir yaenam prabho

dhanyaastae bhavadeekshanakshana gataeh paatreekritaah sweekritaah ||

VC 41

Dr.Sarma@works 87

Metaphor

Oh ! Lord – what can I say !

• Your speech itself is nectar – for its sweetness comes from your tasting of the Brahmaananda

• It is cool and emanates in streams from thy lips as though from a pitcher of honey

• Very delightful to the ear –

• I am longing to be drenched in it – for I am tormented by the wild flames of worldly afflictions

• Blessed are those who are accepted by you even for a passing glance of thy enlightened eyes.

Stripped of its metaphor – the sloka means – take pity on me and teach me the way out of this worldly misery.

Dr.Sarma@works 88

End of Part – I

Continued in Part - II