A Digital Twin Perspective –

A Methodology to Generate

manufactured Component Instances

from Part Types

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reiner Anderl

Department of Computer Integrated Design (DiK)

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Technische Universität Darmstadt

Otto-Berndt-Straße 2

64287 Darmstadt

www.dik.maschinenbau.tu-darmstadt.de

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 2

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 3

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 419.10.2016 | Fachbereich 16 | Fachgebiet Datenverarbeitung in der Konstruktion | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Plattform Industrie 4.0

| Folie 5

Implementation recommendations for

Industrie 4.0 Effective: April 14, 2015

19.10.2016 | Fachbereich 16 | Fachgebiet Datenverarbeitung in der Konstruktion | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Research roadmap

RAMI 4.0

Industrie 4.0

component

| Folie 619.10.2016 | Fachbereich 16 | Fachgebiet Datenverarbeitung in der Konstruktion | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Publications of the Plattform Industrie 4.0

Reference Architectural Model Industrie 4.0

(RAMI4.0) - An Introduction

Aspects of the Research Roadmap in Application Scenarios

Technical Overview: Secure cross-company communication

Interaction Model for Industrie 4.0 Components

Digitization of Industrie – Plattform Industrie 4.0

Industrie 4.0 Research at German Research Institutes

Industrie 4.0 Readiness

Guideline Industrie 4.0

| Folie 7

Cyber Physical Systems

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Source: [LEE2010] Lee, E. A.: CPS Foundations. In: Proceedings of the 47th Design Automation

Conference (DAC). ACM/IEEE, June, 2010, S. 737 – 742

Today: Research efforts are dedicated to develop the „Digital Twin“

| Folie 8

The Digital Twin as a digital representation

of existing technical objects

Physical productwith semantic product memory

Product data model Component data model

Digital Twin: digital representation of individual of a

physically existing component

Bildquelle: Zerspanungstechnik Bildquelle: aniwaa.com

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 9

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 10

Digital Object Memory

Digital Object Memory

A digital object memory of a

physical object is a digital

storage which permanently

saves all relevant data that

have been determined

throughout the lifecycle of the

object.

Source:

• Haupert, J., 2013, DOMEMan : Repräsentation, Verwaltung und Nutzung von digitalen Objektgedächtnissen.

• Wahlster, W., 2013, SemProM : Foundations of Semantic Product Memories for the Internet of Things.

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Source: Wahlster

| Folie 11

Semantic Product Memories

Semantic Product Memories

A digital product memory represents a subclass of the digital object

memory. It is defined explicitly for produced and manufactured products

and serves for the mapping of the data of a product across the product

lifecycle ranging from definition to production and up to disposal.

A semantic product memory represents a further specialization of the

digital product memory. It includes not only machine readable but also

semantic machine interpretable information.

Quelle:

• Haupert, J., 2013, DOMEMan : Repräsentation, Verwaltung und Nutzung von digitalen Objektgedächtnissen.

• Wahlster, W., 2013, SemProM : Foundations of Semantic Product Memories for the Internet of Things.

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 12

Digital Shadow versus Digital Twin

Digital Twin

The Digital Twin is a comprehensive physical and functional representation

of a component or product, which includes all necessary information for its

processing in all life cycle phases.(Boschert, S.; Rosen, R.: Digital Twin - The Simulation Aspect. In: Hehenberger, P; Bradley, D.: Mechatronic Futures -

Challenges and Solutions for Mechatronic Systems and their Designers. Springer, Int. Pub. Switzerland, 2016, pp. 59-74.)

Digital Shadow

The digital shadow depicts the externally created data profile of a

component or a product. The data profiles are created by means of

algorithms that include the acquisition, analysis, evaluation and

consolidation of data. The digital shadow serves as basis for decisions.(Iske, S.: Medienbildung im Kontext digitaler Personenprofile. In: Verständig, D.; Holze, J.; Biermann, R.: Von der Bildung

zur Medienbildung. Springer VS, Wiesbaden, 2016, pp. 257-280)

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 13

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 14

Challenges

Research approaches for the development of an

appropriate metric for downwards compatible

representation levels for Digital Twins

Development of new and innovative methods for

the generation of Digital Twins

Development of methods for interconnecting

Digital Twins and their for enabling their

communication capability

Development of new methods for verification and

validation of Digital Twins and Physical Twins

IT security has to be

considered

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

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Objectives

Develop consistent performance levels for the digital

representation of Digital Twins

STEP (ISO 10303) might be used as basis for the digital

representation of Digital Twins and their associated

life cycle data

Automized generation of instantiated parametric 3D-model

geometric models with actual dimensions

Specification of new data representation models and successive

computerized methods to apply Digital Twins

Evaluation of systems engineering approaches for representing

interconnectivity and communication of Digital Twins

Develop new methods for deviation analysis

between Digital and Physical Twins

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 16

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 17

Approaches

Modelling methods for descibing nominal dimensions through parameters

Instantiation of parametric 3D-models (STEP structure) with actual

dimensions. Challenge: constraint graph consistency

Recording actual dimensions of components e.g. through quality assurance

Methods for the automation of Digital Twin generation processes need new

approaches influenced by

Artificial Intelligence and

Machine Learning

Networking and communication based on internet technology

Application of innovative research approaches

Semantic product memory (DFKI, Prof Wahlster)

Digital Twins for individualized production (IPK, Prof. Stark)

Digital Twins for components as information carriers (Prof. Anderl, DiK)12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 18

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 19

Examples

Collaborative Research Center 805

𝐹2𝐹1

𝐹2

𝐹1𝛼𝛽

2000 m

m

IoT Mountain Bike as Digital Twin

Bildquelle: Twitter

Bildquelle: fortune.com

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 20

Examples – CRC 805 (1)

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 21

Examples – CRC 805 (2)

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 22

Summary6

Examples5

Approaches4

Challenges and Objectives3

Scientific Perspective2

Introduction1

Agenda

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

| Folie 23

Summary

Digital Twins are of increasing importance

Methods and tools for generating Digital Twins and for using Digital Twins

are strongly needed and existing approaches do not satisfy the

expectations

3D-Scanning

Quality management

Creation of Digital Twins today is too much time consuming

Conclusion:

Development of an appropriate metric for downwards compatible

representation levels for Digital Twins and Automated generation of

Digital Twins of physical products with new interdisciplinary

approaches in the areas of virtual product development, machine

learning and artificial intelligence are needed

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl

Thank you for your attention!

Thank you very much for your attention

and questions are welcome!

Source: TU Darmstadt / kh-architekten

12. Dezember 2016 | Department 16 | Department for Computer Integrated Design | Prof. Dr.-Ing. R. Anderl