A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older · 2020-06-07 · 3 AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are proud to partner on the release of this research

A Community of Contrasts:

Asian Americans 50 and Older

Los Angeles County

Welcome 3

Executive Summary 4

Demographics 6

Immigration 11

Language 12

Education 13

Income 14

Housing 16

Health 20

Conclusion 22

Glossary 23

Appendix A: Population, Population Growth for the 50-plus Population 24

Appendix B: Population, Population Growth for the 65-plus Population 26

Appendix C: Age Distribution for the 50-plus Population 28

Appendix D: Selected Population Characteristics 30

Appendix E: Top 50 Cities, Asian American 50-plus Population 32

Appendix F: Top 50 Cities, NHPI 50-plus Population 34

Appendix G: Top 5 Cities, Asian American & NHPI 50-plus Population 36

Technical Notes 38

CONTENTS

3

AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are proud to partner on the release of this research report, A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older (Los Angeles County). The report provides invaluable information and insights on Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County.

The county’s Asian American community is significant nationally, home to both the largest Asian American population and largest Asian American 50-plus population in the United States.

The report provides an overview of the 50-plus Asian American population, and the major issues it faces with language barriers, educational attainment, income, housing, and health. Data disaggregated by ethnic group are critical to understanding these issues in our communities. This report delves deeper by providing disaggregated data on numerous Asian American ethnic groups.

We would like to thank the Asian Pacific Policy and Planning Council’s (A3PCON) Older Adults Task Force for providing critical feedback on content, especially Erica Juhn (Special Service for Groups’ Research and Evaluation Unit), Kimiko Kelly (Alzheimer’s Greater Los Angeles), Amy Phillips (Little Tokyo Service Center), May Ma Ross (USC School of Social Work’s Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging), Miriam Suen (National Asian Pacific Center on Aging), and Yvonne Sun (SSG SILVER). We would also like to thank AARP and Advancing Justice staff who contributed to this report, including Daphne Kwok and Steven Raga with AARP and Jeffer Giang, Dan Ichinose, and Joanna Lee with Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles.

As AARP and Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are committed to raising the issues and needs of Asian American 50-plus communities, we hope this report can provide the data to build the cases for funding, policies, legislation, and advocacy to improve the lives of Asian Americans.

Sincerely,

Daphne KwokAARP Vice President of Multicultural Leadership Asian American and Pacific Islander Audience Strategy

Stewart KwohPresident and Executive Director Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles

WELCOME

Older adult = 50-plus; senior = 65-plus

4

Home to the nation’s largest Asian American population, Los Angeles County is also home to more Asian American older adults than any other county in the United States. Over 480,000 Asian Americans in Los Angeles County are 50 years or older; nearly one-third of all Asian Americans countywide are older adults. The Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) older-adult population in Los Angeles County is the third largest in the nation, numbering over 11,000.

A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older (Los Angeles County) provides community organizations, policy makers, foundations, businesses, and others with essential data to guide policy decisions and support the delivery of services affecting rapidly growing Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations. Highlights include the following:

Asian Americans and NHPI are two of the fastest-growing and most diverse older-adult populations in Los Angeles County. From 2000 to 2010, Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations in Los Angeles County grew 56% and 50%, respectively; among racial groups, only the county’s 50-plus Latino population grew at a faster rate. Among 50-plus Asian Americans and NHPI by ethnic group, Chinese, Filipino, and Korean Americans are the largest populations, while Bangladeshi, Fijian, and Pakistani Americans are the fastest growing. As large Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations grow and become more diverse, so do their needs.

Asian American older adults countywide are overwhelmingly immigrant and disproportionately recent arrivals. Approximately 89% of 50-plus Asian Americans in Los Angeles County are immigrants. Among older adults, Asian Americans are more likely than any other racial group to be foreign-born. Among older-adult immigrants, Asian Americans are more likely than other racial groups to be recent arrivals; 15% of 50-plus Asian American immigrants countywide entered the United States in 2000 or later. The delivery of services to growing Asian American older-adult populations should recognize their immigrant character, addressing geographic mobility and the need for greater education regarding social service program policies and procedures.

Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County face considerable language barriers. Approximately 62% of 50-plus Asian Americans countywide, almost 300,000, are limited English proficient (LEP) and face some challenge communicating in English that impacts their ability to access basic services. A majority of Cambodian, Vietnamese, Korean, Chinese, and Thai American older adults are LEP. Among 50-plus households in Los Angeles County, Asian American older-adult households have the highest rate of linguistic isolation. Addressing language barriers through written and oral translation is critical to better serving Asian American older adults.

The educational attainment of Asian American older adults is mixed. While some 50-plus Asian Americans have high levels of formal education, others have among the lowest levels of educational attainment in Los Angeles County. Approximately 43% of Cambodian American older adults countywide hold a high school degree or higher, a rate lower than any racial group. Only 50-plus Latinos are less likely than 50-plus Cambodian Americans to hold a bachelor’s degree; approximately 10% of Cambodian American older adults have a college degree. Understanding the diverse levels of formal education found in Asian American and NHPI older-adult communities informs the ways in which they should be engaged by outreach and education efforts.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Older adult = 50-plus; senior = 65-plus

5

Some Asian American seniors are among those most likely to have low incomes and live below the poverty line; many rely on Supplemental Security Income. Among those 65 years of age or older living in Los Angeles County, Korean and Cambodian Americans are more likely than any racial group to have low incomes and live below the poverty line. Over half of Korean and Cambodian American seniors countywide have low incomes, while nearly a quarter are poor. Nearly half of Asian American seniors living alone live below the poverty line, a rate higher than any other racial group countywide. Because Asian American seniors are least likely among racial groups to have retirement and Social Security income, they are the most reliant on Supplemental Security Income.

Like many in Los Angeles County, Asian American older adults face housing challenges. Asian American older adults countywide are less likely than Whites to own homes; Cambodian and Korean American older adults have homeownership rates lower than any racial group. Some older-adult Asian American households are among those most likely to spend 50% or more of their income on housing costs. While Asian American older adults are less likely to live alone, those who do are four times more likely than those living with others to live below the poverty line. Efforts to make housing more affordable in Los Angeles County are critical to the welfare of Asian American older adults.

Despite chronic health conditions, Asian American older adults lack access to health care. Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County are more likely than Whites to experience high blood cholesterol and diabetes. Many older adults in Southeast Asian communities face challenges related to disabilities; 50-plus Cambodian and Vietnamese Americans experience cognitive and independent living difficulties. Yet many have lacked access to health care. Prior to the implementation of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA), Asian Americans 50 to 64 years of age were more likely than average to live without health insurance. Almost 57% of those needing to see a professional for mental health or substance abuse issues do not receive treatment. While data capturing the impact of the ACA on these challenges are forthcoming, it is likely that the ACA has reduced these disparities in access to care.

A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older (Los Angeles County) underscores the importance of data disaggregated by ethnic group to understanding the challenges faced by Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County and throughout the country. Greater investment in quality data on other vulnerable Asian American older-adult populations such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) and homeless community members is needed.

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

White

Latino

Asian American

Black or African American

AIAN

NHPI

Total Population

1,119,234

856,449

483,896

273,415

33,386

11,212

2,741,060

41%

31%

18%

10%

1%

0.4%

100%

Race and Hispanic Origin Number Percent of Total 50+ Population

U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.

6

Population 50 Years & Older by Race & Hispanic OriginLos Angeles County 2010, Ranked by Population

• There are over 480,000 Asian American and over 11,000 Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) older adults living in Los Angeles County. Los Angeles County has more older-adult Asian Americans than any other county nationwide.1 Asian Americans are the third-largest racial group among those 50-plus, making up 18% of all older adults countywide.

• Approximately 32% of Asian Americans and 21% of NHPI in Los Angeles County are 50 years of age or older.2

• Among older adults, almost 20% (296,413) of Asian Americans and almost 14% (7,379) of NHPI in Los Angeles County are ages 50 to 64. Approximately 13% (187,483) of Asian Americans and 7% (3,833) of NHPI are age 65 years and older. Almost 2% (23,655) of Asian Americans and 1% (393) of NHPI are age 85 and older.3

AIAN: Native American(s) or Alaska Native(s) NHPI: Native Hawaiian(s) and Pacific Islander(s)

DEMOGRAPHICS

1 U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3. 2 Ibid. 3 Ibid.

U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.

Latino

Asian American

NHPI

AIAN

Total Population


White

60%

56%

50%

38%

28%

22%

7%

7

Among older adults, Asian Americans and NHPI are two of the fastest-growing racial groups

in Los Angeles County.

• Among older adults, Asian Americans and NHPI are among the fastest-growing racial groups in Los Angeles County. From 2000 to 2010, the number of Asian Americans 50 years of age or older grew 56%, a rate second only to Latinos. The number of NHPI 50 years of age or older grew 50% over the decade.

• Between 2000 and 2010, the 50-plus Asian American population grew twice as fast as the county’s total 50-plus population.

DEMOGRAPHICSPopulation Growth, 50 Years & Olderby Race and Hispanic Origin, Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010

U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3. Refer to Appendix C for older-adult age-distribution tables.

••••• 2000––––– 2010

Growth: Area between solid and dotted lines

Male Female

15,000 10,000 5,000 0 5,000 10,000 15,000

Population

Age

100+

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

Retirement

Approaching Retirement

8

Among Asian Americans, those approaching retirement are the fastest-growing age group.

• Among Asian Americans, those approaching retirement are the fastest-growing age group. Between 2000 and 2010, the number of Asian Americans 50 to 64 grew 60%. The Asian American population 65 years of age and older grew 50%.4

• By 2040, the county’s Asian American and NHPI older-adult populations are expected to grow 65% and 90%, respectively.5

• Approximately 56% of Asian American and 54% of NHPI older adults in Los Angeles County are female. Among Asian American older adults, females outnumbered males by over 57,000. Asian American females under age 50 outnumber Asian American males under 50 by almost 32,000.6

4 U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.5 California Department of Finance, 2014 Report P-3: Population Projections by Race/Ethnicity, Detailed Age, and Gender, 2010–2060. 6 U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.

Asian American Population Growth by Age and Sex, Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010

DEMOGRAPHICS

Chinese (except Taiwanese) 136,160 Filipino 117,805 Korean 75,392 Japanese 52,756 Vietnamese 28,560 Indian 21,791 Taiwanese 17,024 Thai 9,952 Cambodian 8,513 Indonesian 3,323 Native Hawaiian 2,667 Samoan 2,466 Pakistani 2,417 Burmese 1,835 Sri Lankan 1,658 Bangladeshi 1,003 Guamanian or Chamorro 989 Laotian 870 Tongan 551 Malaysian 358 Fijian 324 Mongolian 173 Nepalese 170 Okinawan 116 Singaporean 103 Hmong 58 Tahitian 50 Palauan 17

Ethnic Group Number


9

Population 50 Years & Older by Ethnic GroupLos Angeles County 2010

Older-adult Asian American and NHPI populations

are diverse.

DEMOGRAPHICS

Bangladeshi Fijian

Pakistani Sri Lankan

Laotian Cambodian

Thai Vietnamese Indonesian

Chinese (except Taiwanese) Taiwanese

Indian Filipino Tongan Korean Hmong

Malaysian Guamanian or Chamorro

Samoan Native Hawaiian Total Population

Japanese

448% 144% 137% 93% 85% 77% 73% 67% 66% 63% 62% 57% 55% 55% 54% 53% 48% 41% 31% 29% 28% 15%


10

Population Growth, 50 Years & Older by Ethnic Group Los Angeles County 2000 to 2010

7 U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3. 8 Ibid.

The fastest-growing Asian American ethnic groups countywide are South Asian.

• Among Asian American ethnic groups, Chinese Americans are the largest 50-plus population in Los Angeles County and make up 27% of all 50-plus Asian Americans. They are followed in size by 50-plus Filipino, Korean, Japanese, and Vietnamese American populations.7

• Native Hawaiian and Samoan Americans are the largest older-adult NHPI populations in Los Angeles County.8

• Los Angeles County’s fastest-growing 50-plus Asian American ethnic groups are South Asian (Bangladeshi, Pakistani, and Sri Lankan).

• Among 50-plus NHPI ethnic groups, Fijian Americans were the fastest growing, increasing 144% over the past decade.

DEMOGRAPHICS

Filipino Indian

Chinese Asian American

Korean Thai

White Vietnamese

Total Population Cambodian

Black or African American Latino

Japanese

18% 17% 15% 15% 14% 12% 12% 11% 11% 10% 10% 7% 5%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.

11

Among older-adult immigrants, Asian Americans are more likely than other racial groups

to be recent arrivals.

• Approximately 89% of 50-plus Asian Americans in Los Angeles County (nearly 430,000) are immigrants. Among older adults, Asian Americans are more likely than any other racial group to be foreign-born.9

• Over 90% of the 50-plus Vietnamese, Cambodian, Korean, Thai, Indian, Filipino, and Chinese American populations are immigrants.10

• Approximately 15% of Asian American older-adult immigrants are recent arrivals, a rate higher than any other racial group.11

• Among older-adult Asian American immigrants, Filipino, Indian, Chinese, and Korean Americans were most likely to have entered the United States in 2000 or later.12

• Given disproportionate numbers born outside the United States, only 79% of 50-plus Asian Americans are U.S. citizens. In contrast, 98% of Black or African American and 95% of White older adults are U.S. citizens.13

• Among older-adult Asian American ethnic groups, Korean (73%), Thai (74%), and Filipino Americans (77%) are least likely to have U.S. citizenship.14

Foreign-Born Population Age 50 Years & Older Entering the United States in 2000 or Laterby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013

9 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.10 Ibid.11 Ibid.12 Ibid. 13 Ibid. 14 Ibid.

IMMIGRATION

Cambodian Vietnamese

Korean Chinese

Thai Latino

Asian American Filipino Indian

Total Population Japanese

White Black or African American

87% 84% 84% 74% 72% 63% 62% 41% 39% 35% 26% 11% 2%


12

Almost 300,000 older-adult Asian Americans in Los Angeles County are limited English proficient.

• Approximately 88% of older-adult Asian Americans speak a language other than English at home, a rate higher than any racial group.15

• Chinese, Tagalog, Korean, Vietnamese, and Japanese are the most commonly spoken Asian languages among older-adult Asian Americans in Los Angeles County. Samoan is the most commonly spoken Pacific Islander language among older-adult NHPI countywide.16

• Almost 300,000 50-plus Asian Americans in Los Angeles County are limited English proficient (LEP) and face some challenge communicating in English. Approximately 62% of 50-plus Asian Americans are LEP, a rate second only to 50-plus Latinos. In contrast, 39% of all Asian Americans countywide are LEP. 17

• Among 50-plus Asian Americans, 87% of Cambodian, 84% of Vietnamese, 84% of Korean, and 74% of Chinese Americans countywide are LEP, rates higher than any racial group.

• A household is considered linguistically isolated if every member of the household 14 years or older is LEP. Approximately 34% of 50-plus Asian American households countywide are linguistically isolated, a rate higher than any other racial group.18

• Among 50-plus Asian American households, Korean American households (57%) have the highest rate of linguistic isolation, followed by Chinese (43%) and Vietnamese Americans (41%).19

Limited English Proficiency for the Population 50 Years & Olderby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013

15 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.16 Ibid.17 Ibid.18 Ibid. 19 Ibid.

LANGUAGE

Cambodian

Latino

Vietnamese

Chinese

Total Population

Thai

Asian American

Indian


Korean

Filipino

White

Japanese

43% 10% 45% 8% 54% 17% 72% 36% 74% 28% 78% 34% 80% 40% 83% 53% 86% 21% 86% 41% 91% 54% 91% 40% 93% 38%

Top: High school degree or higher Bottom: Bachelor’s degree or higher


13

Educational Attainment for the Population 50 Years & Olderby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by Percent Holding a High School Degree or Higher

Among older-adult Asian Americans, Cambodian and Vietnamese Americans have the

lowest levels of educational attainment.

• In Los Angeles County, 50-plus Asian Americans (80%) are less likely than Whites (91%) to hold a high school diploma or have received their GED.

• Cambodian and Vietnamese Americans have the lowest educational attainment among Asian American older-adult populations. Only 43% of Cambodian Americans and 54% of Vietnamese Americans have a high school diploma or received their GED. Additionally, 35% of older-adult Cambodian Americans and 16% of older-adult Vietnamese Americans have no schooling background at all.20

• Cambodian Americans (10%) are least likely of all 50-plus Asian American groups to have a college degree, second only to Latinos (8%).

20 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.

EDUCATION

Korean

Cambodian

Latino

Chinese

Vietnamese


Asian American

Total Population

Thai

White

Japanese

Filipino

Indian

57% 24% 53% 23% 48% 16% 44% 19% 43% 15% 41% 16% 39% 15% 37% 13% 31% 7% 28% 10% 28% 8% 25% 9% 25% 9%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.Low-income: People who fall below 200% of the income-to-poverty ratio, or those with income for the past 12 months that was less than twice the poverty threshold.Poverty: A measure of income relative to the federal poverty threshold (the poverty line). Adjusted for family size, the 2013 Census Bureau poverty threshold was $23,624 annually for a family of four with two children under the age of 18.*Low-income and poverty status was calculated for the 65-plus population due to economic vulnerability at retirement age.

Top: Low-income Bottom: Poverty

14

Korean and Cambodian American seniors are more likely to live below the poverty line and

have low-income status.

• Asian Americans 65 years and older in Los Angeles County are more likely than average to live below poverty (15%) and have low-income status (39%).

• Over 28,000 Asian American seniors in Los Angeles County are living in poverty, and nearly 74,000 have low-income status.21

• For Asian American seniors living alone, over 46% are living below the poverty line. In contrast, approximately 9% of 65-plus Asian Americans who are not living alone are living below the poverty line.22

• Korean and Cambodian American seniors in the county are more likely than all racial groups to live below the poverty line and have low-income status. Over half of Korean (57%) and Cambodian Americans (53%) 65 years and older in the county have low-income status, while nearly one-quarter of Korean and Cambodian American seniors live below the poverty line.

Poverty & Low Income for Population 65 Years & Older*by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by Percent Low-Income

21 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.22 Ibid.

INCOME

Cambodian Vietnamese

Chinese Korean

Asian American Indian

Filipino Latino

Black or African American Total Population

White Thai

Japanese

35% 34% 23% 21% 19% 18% 17% 12% 12% 12% 9% 8% 4%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.*Supplemental Security Income was calculated for the 65-plus population based on program eligibility requirements.

15

Population 65 Years & Older* Receiving Supplemental Security Incomeby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013

Among seniors, Asian Americans are most likely of all racial groups to rely on Supplemental Security Income.

• Among seniors in Los Angeles County, Asian Americans are least likely of all racial groups to have a retirement income (16%), are least likely to have access to Social Security (66%), and have the lowest median Social Security income ($9,736).23 Asian Americans rely on Supplemental Security Income at a higher rate than all other racial groups (19%).

• Korean (7%), Cambodian (8%), Vietnamese (11%), and Chinese American (12%) seniors are less likely than any racial group to have a retirement income. Cambodian ($7,758) and Vietnamese Americans ($8,161) have lower median retirement incomes than any racial group countywide.24

• Cambodian (51%), Indian (56%), Vietnamese (61%), and Chinese Americans (61%) are less likely than any racial group countywide to have Social Security. Chinese ($9,043), Vietnamese ($9,043), and Korean American ($8,753) seniors have the lowest median Social Security incomes.25

• Cambodian (35%) and Vietnamese Americans (34%) 65 years and older in Los Angeles County are more likely than any racial group to receive Supplemental Security Income. Cambodian ($9,672) and Vietnamese Americans ($8,859) also have highest median Supplemental Security Incomes.26

23 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.24 Ibid.25 Ibid.26 Ibid.

INCOME

Cambodian

Korean


Latino

Vietnamese

Total Population

Asian American

Filipino

Thai

Chinese

White

Indian

Japanese

30% 40% 47% 55% 55% 62% 62% 63% 69% 69% 70% 70% 77%

70%

60%

53%

45%

45%

38%

38%

37%

31%

31%

30%

30%

23%

Left: Homeowner Right: Renter


16

Asian American older adults are less likely than Whites to be homeowners.

• Asian American older adults are less likely than non-Hispanic Whites to be homeowners. Approximately 62% of Asian Americans 50 years of age or older in Los Angeles County own homes, compared to 70% of Whites.

• Only 30% of Cambodian Americans and 40% of Korean Americans 50 years of age or older own homes, rates of homeownership that fall below those of Blacks or African Americans and Latinos countywide.

• Among 65-plus householders, Asian Americans are least likely of all racial groups to be homeowners, marking a dramatic difference from the 50-plus population.27

Population 50 Years & Older Who Are Homeowners & Rentersby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–20132009–2013

HOUSING

27 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.

17

28 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample. 29 Ibid.30 Ibid. 31 Ibid.

HOUSINGAsian American older adults living alone

are almost four times more likely than those living with others to be living in poverty.

• Older-adult Asian American households countywide are over twice as likely to be multigenerational as White households. Approximately 7% of Asian American 50-plus households are home to three generations, compared to fewer than 3% of White households.28

• Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County are less likely than average to live alone. Approximately 10% of Asian Americans 50 years of age or older live alone compared to 17% of the total population of that age. In contrast to the general trend among Asian American ethnic groups, 21% of Japanese American older adults live alone, a rate exceeded only by Blacks or African Americans and Whites.29

• Among Asian American older adults in Los Angeles County, those living alone are almost four times more likely than those living with others to be living in poverty. Approximately 35% of older-adult Asian Americans living alone live below the poverty line; 9% of those living with others live below the poverty line.30

• Although fewer than 3% of Asian American older adults live with a nonrelative roommate as a way of reducing housing expenses, 33% of those living in such arrangements live below the poverty line.31

Korean

Vietnamese


Filipino

Latino

Chinese

Thai

Asian American

Cambodian

Total Population

White

Indian

Japanese

51% 29% 49% 26% 48% 28% 39% 20% 38% 20% 37% 19% 37% 17% 36% 19% 36% 29% 36% 19% 32% 17% 32% 19% 25% 13%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample. *Low-income and poverty status was calculated for the 65-plus population based on economic vulnerability at retirement age.

Top: 30% or more of household income spent on housing costs Bottom: 50% or more of household income spent on housing costs

18

Homeowners: Percentage of Household Income Spent on Housing Costs, 65 Years & Older*by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by 30% or More Spent on Housing Costs

Some older-adult Asian American households are among those most likely to spend 50% or

more of their income on housing costs.

HOUSING

Cambodian

Japanese

White

Latino

Total Population


Chinese

Thai

Asian American

Indian

Korean

Vietnamese

Filipino

80% 39% 71% 44% 71% 46% 70% 42% 69% 42% 68% 39% 67% 38% 67% 37% 64% 34% 63% 33% 63% 30% 62% 38% 58% 29%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.*Low-income and poverty status was calculated for the 65-plus population based on economic vulnerability at retirement age.

Top: 30% or more of household income spent on housing costs Bottom: 50% or more of household income spent on housing costs

19

• Among homeowners, 51% of Korean and 49% of Vietnamese American senior households in Los Angeles County spend 30% or more of their household income on housing costs. Both rates exceed those of any racial group.

• Among senior renters countywide, Japanese American households are more likely than Blacks or African Americans and Latinos to spend 50% or more of their household incomes on rent.

• Approximately 80% of Cambodian and 71% of Japanese American senior renter households spend 30% or more of their household income on rent, exceeding all other racial groups.

HOUSINGRenters: Percentage of Household Income Spent on Housing Costs, 65 Years & Older*by Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by 30% or More Spent on Housing Costs

46%

38%

26%

19%

10%

7%

6%

4%

High Blood Pressure*

High Blood Cholesterol†

Arthritis‡

Diabetes*

Heart Disease*

Any Cancer†

Asthma*

Stroke‡

* California Health Interview Survey, 2011–2014.† California Health Interview Survey, 2005.‡ California Health Interview Survey, 2011–2012. Arthritis statistic includes gout, lupus, and fibromyalgia.

20

Almost 57% of older-adult Asian Americans needing to see a professional for mental health or

substance abuse issues do not receive treatment.

• The three most common health conditions among older-adult Asian Americans in the county include high blood pressure (46%), high blood cholesterol (38%), and arthritis, gout, lupus, or fibromyalgia (26%).

• Approximately 38% of older-adult Asian Americans have high blood cholesterol, a rate higher than older-adult Whites (29%).32 Approximately 19% of 50-plus Asian Americans have diabetes, a rate higher than older-adult Whites (12%) in the county.33

• Although only 6% of older-adult Asian Americans self-report as needing to see a professional for mental health or substance abuse issues, almost 57% of those who need help do not receive treatment.34

• Older-adult Cambodian Americans in Los Angeles County have disproportionate rates of disability (32%), ambulatory living difficulty (19%), and cognitive difficulty (17%) as well as the highest rate of independent living difficulty (20%) of all racial groups.35

• Older-adult Vietnamese Americans have higher-than-average rates of independent living difficulty (16%) as well as cognitive difficulty (10%).36

Health Conditions for Asian American Population 50 Years & Olderby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County

32 California Health Interview Survey, 2005.33 California Health Interview Survey, 2011–2014.34 Ibid. 35 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample.36 Ibid.

HEALTH

51% 4% 37% 6% 32% 5% 26% 3% 26% 3% 26% 3% 24% 2% 23% 1% 20% 5% 18% 2% 17% 3% 12% 1% 10% 1%

Korean

Latino

Thai

Asian American

Chinese

Vietnamese

Total Population

Cambodian

Indian


Filipino

White

Japanese


Top: 50–64 Bottom: 65+

21

Uninsuredby Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County 2009–2013, Ranked by Percent Uninsured, Age 50–64

Among those 50 to 64 years of age, Asian Americans are more likely than average

to live without health insurance.

• Among Los Angeles County residents 50 to 64 years of age, Asian Americans are more likely than average to live without health insurance. Approximately 26% of Asian Americans 50 to 64 years of age are uninsured compared to 24% of the total population of that age.

• Korean Americans 50 to 64 years of age are far more likely than any racial group to lack health insurance; 51% countywide are uninsured.

• Approximately 39% of Asian Americans 65 years of age and older receive Medicaid, medical assistance, or other government-assistance plans for those with low incomes or a disability, exceeding all other racial groups.37

• Among Asian American ethnic groups 65 years of age and older, Cambodian (64%) and Vietnamese Americans (60%) are most likely to receive Medicaid, medical assistance, or other government-assistance plans for those with low incomes or a disability.38

37 U.S. Census Bureau, 2009–2013 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates, Public Use Microdata Sample. 38 Ibid.

HEALTH

22

By 2040, Los Angeles County’s Asian American older-adult population is expected to increase by 65%. Key to uncovering and understanding the challenges and issues that Asian American 50-plus communities are tackling on a daily basis is to have data—specifically disaggregated data—on each ethnic group. With additional information, insights, and data about the Asian American 50-plus population, we hope that the public will utilize these resources to improve the lives of our revered elders.

To access this report online and for additional reports on Asian American communities, please visit the AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles websites.

http://www.aarp.org/home-family/asian-community/

http://www.advancingjustice-la.org/demographics

CONCLUSION

23

chronic health conditionA long-lasting health condition or disease.

disabilityAccording to the U.S. Census Bureau, includes hearing, vision, cognitive, ambulatory, self-care, or independent living difficulties.

limited English proficient (LEP)Persons who speak English less than “very well.”

linguistic isolationHouseholds that have no one age 14 and over who speaks English only or speaks English “very well.”

low-incomePeople who fall below 200% of the income-to-poverty ratio, or those with income for the past 12 months that was less than twice the poverty threshold (e.g., the 2013 Census Bureau poverty threshold was $47,248 for a family of four with two children under age 18). This measurement is used to determine eligibility for many needs-based social services, including Social Security, Medicaid, and food stamps.

multigenerational householdA family household with three or more generations.

povertyA measure of income relative to the federal poverty threshold (the poverty line). Adjusted for family size, the 2010 Census Bureau poverty threshold was $22,113 annually for a family of four with two children under the age of 18.

older adultsPersons age 50 years and over. Also referred to as 50-plus.

seniorsPersons age 65 years and over. Also referred to as 65-plus.

retirement incomeIncludes (1) retirement pensions and survivor benefits from a former employer; labor union; federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (2) disability income from companies or unions; federal, state, or local government; and the U.S. military; (3) periodic receipts from annuities and insurance; and (4) regular income from IRA and Keogh plans. This does not include Social Security income.

Social SecurityIncludes Social Security pensions and survivor benefits, permanent disability insurance payments made by the Social Security Administration prior to deductions for medical insurance.

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)A nationwide U.S. assistance program administered by the Social Security Administration that guarantees a minimum level of income for needy aged, blind, or disabled individuals.

unemployment rateThe percent of civilians age 16 or older who have been actively looking for work over the previous four weeks but have yet to find a job.

GLOSSARY

% of Race

35%

13%

25%

22%

17%

15%

23%

% of Ethnic Group

17%

12%

14%

14%

17%

NR

NR

15%

% of Ethnic Group

20%

15%

16%

17%

25%

18%

17%

21%

% of Race

41%

18%

32%

29%

24%

21%

28%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

7%

60%

56%

22%

38%

50%

28%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

29%

31%

41%

55%

144%

NR

NR

50%

Race and Hispanic Origin White

Latino

Asian American


AIAN

NHPI

Total Population

NHPI Ethnic Groups Native Hawaiian

Samoan

Guamanian or Chamorro

Tongan

Fijian

Tahitian

Palauan

NHPI Total

Number

1,050,468

535,737

310,774

223,441

24,106

7,476

2,147,021

Number

2,070

1,886

701

356

133

NR

NR

7,476

Number

1,119,243

856,449

483,896

273,415

33,386

11,212

2,741,060

Number

2,667

2,466

989

551

324

50

17

11,212

% of Total 50+

Population

49%

25%

14%

10%

1%

0.3%

100%

% of 50+ NHPI

28%

25%

9%

5%

2%

NR

NR

100%

% of 50+ NHPI

24%

22%

9%

5%

3%

0.4%

0.2%

100%

% of Total 50+

Population

41%

31%

18%

10%

1%

0.4%

100%

2000

2000

2010

2010

24

Population and Population Growth for the Population 50 Years & OlderBy Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010, Ranked by 2010 Population

APPENDIX A

% of Ethnic Group

25%

26%

25%

33%

19%

20%

25%

24%

14%

18%

15%

NR

23%

8%

13%

18%

NR

NR

NR

NR

5%

25%

% of Ethnic Group

34%

31%

33%

38%

27%

24%

37%

33%

23%

26%

22%

35%

31%

19%

21%

24%

11%

14%

32%

25%

8%

32%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

63%

55%

54%

15%

67%

57%

62%

73%

77%

66%

137%

NR

93%

448%

85%

48%

NR

NR

NR

NR

53%

56%

Asian American Ethnic Groups Chinese (except Taiwanese)

Filipino

Korean

Japanese

Vietnamese

Indian

Taiwanese

Thai

Cambodian

Indonesian

Pakistani

Burmese

Sri Lankan

Bangladeshi

Laotian

Malaysian

Mongolian

Nepalese

Okinawan

Singaporean

Hmong

Asian American Total

Number

83,391

75,821

49,064

45,933

17,065

13,912

10,528

5,744

4,805

2,005

1,019

NR

861

183

470

242

NR

NR

NR

NR

38

310,774

Number

136,160

117,805

75,392

52,756

28,560

21,791

17,024

9,952

8,513

3,323

2,417

1,835

1,658

1,003

870

358

173

170

116

103

58

483,896

% of 50+ AA

27%

24%

16%

15%

5%

4%

3%

2%

2%

1%

0.3%

NR

0.3%

0.1%

0.2%

0.1%

NR

NR

NR

NR

0.01%

100%

% of 50+ AA

28%

24%

16%

11%

6%

5%

4%

2%

2%

1%

0.5%

0.4%

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

0.1%

0.04%

0.04%

0.02%

0.02%

0.01%

100%

2000 2010

25

APPENDIX A

U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3. NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.

% of Race

17%

4%

10%

9%

6%

5%

10%

% of Race

18%

6%

13%

11%

7%

7%

11%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

-4%

49%

50%

15%

31%

59%

15%

Race and Hispanic Origin White

Latino

Asian American


AIAN

NHPI

Total Population

Number

513,602

187,447

125,039

90,168

7,955

2,416

926,673

Number

492,234

279,166

187,483

103,710

10,407

3,833

1,065,699

% of Total 65+

55%

20%

13%

10%

1%

0.3%

100%

% of Total 65+

46%

26%

18%

10%

1%

0.4%

100%

2000 2010

% of Ethnic Group

5%

3%

4%

4%

4%

NR

NR

5%

% of Ethnic Group

7%

5%

5%

5%

7%

8%

0%

7%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

44%

36%

26%

54%

150%

NR

NR

59%

NHPI Ethnic Groups Native Hawaiian

Samoan


Tongan

Fijian

Tahitian

Palauan

NHPI Total

Number

659

557

224

101

34

NR

NR

2,416

Number

952

758

283

156

85

21

0

3,833

% of NHPI 65+

27%

23%

9%

4%

1%

NR

NR

100%

% of NHPI 65+

25%

20%

7%

4%

2%

1%

0%

100%

2000 2010

26

Population and Population Growth for the Population 65 Years & OlderBy Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2000 to 2010, Ranked by 2010 Population

APPENDIX B

% of Ethnic Group

11%

10%

9%

18%

7%

6%

8%

4%

5%

6%

4%

NR

7%

5%

2%

6%

NR

NR

NR

NR

1%

10%

% of Ethnic Group

13%

12%

14%

19%

9%

8%

13%

9%

7%

9%

6%

12%

10%

6%

5%

7%

4%

12%

2%

4%

2%

13%

% Growth 2000 to

2010

42%

54%

75%

7%

67%

88%

78%

187%

70%

66%

137%

NR

113%

52%

352%

17%

NR

NR

NR

NR

30%

50%

Asian American Ethnic Groups Chinese (except Taiwanese)

Filipino

Korean

Japanese

Vietnamese

Indian

Taiwanese

Thai

Cambodian

Indonesian

Pakistani

Burmese

Sri Lankan

Laotian

Bangladeshi

Malaysian

Mongolian

Okinawan

Nepalese

Singaporean

Hmong

Asian American Total

Number

36,589

28,547

17,829

24,648

5,807

3,993

3,293

925

1,534

685

280

NR

265

170

54

86

NR

NR

NR

NR

10

125,039

Number

51,888

43,854

31,221

26,309

9,719

7,498

5,857

2,654

2,601

1,138

663

621

564

258

244

101

58

42

30

15

13

187,483

% of AA 65+

29%

23%

14%

20%

5%

3%

3%

1%

1%

1%

0.2%

NR

0.2%

0.1%

0.04%

0.1%

NR

NR

NR

NR

0.01%

100%

% of AA 65+

28%

23%

17%

14%

5%

4%

3%

1%

1%

1%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.1%

0.1%

0.1%

0.03%

0.02%

0.02%

0.01%

0.01%

100%

2000 2010

27

APPENDIX B

U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.

Race and Hispanic Origin

White Latino Asian American Black or African American AIAN NHPI Total Population

Asian American Ethnic Group

Chinese (except Taiwanese) Filipino Korean Japanese Vietnamese Indian Taiwanese Thai Cambodian Indonesian Pakistani Burmese Sri Lankan Bangladeshi Laotian Malaysian Nepalese Mongolian Singaporean Okinawan Hmong Asian American Total

Number

627,009 577,283 296,413 169,705 22,979

7,379 1,675,361

Number

84,272 73,951 44,171 26,447 18,841 14,293 11,167 7,298 5,912 2,185 1,754 1,214 1,094

759 612 257 140 115 88 74 45

296,413

Number

406,034 250,230 163,818 91,283

9,282 3,440

914,073

Number

44,323 39,352 28,091 21,062

8,749 6,963 5,266 2,511 2,315 1,020

631 552 530 234 221 95 30 51 15 38 10

163,818

Number

86,200 28,936 23,665 12,427

1,125 393

151,626

Number

7,565 4,502 3,130 5,247

970 535 591 143 286 118 32 69 34 10 37

6 0 7 0 4 3

23,665

% of Race

23% 12% 20% 18% 16% 14% 17%

% of Ethnic Group

21% 20% 19% 19% 18% 16% 24% 24% 16% 17% 16% 23% 20% 15% 15% 17% 11% 7%

21% 20%

6% 20%

% of Race

15% 5%

11% 10%

7% 6% 9%

% of Ethnic Group

11% 11% 12% 15% 8% 8%

11% 8% 6% 8% 6%

11% 10%

5% 5% 6% 2% 3% 4%

10% 1%

11%

% of Race

3% 1% 2% 1% 1% 1% 2%

% of Ethnic Group

2% 1% 1% 4% 1%

1% 1%

0.5% 1% 1%

0.3% 1% 1%

0.2% 1%

0.4% 0%

0.5% 0% 1%

0.4% 2%

50 – 64 65 – 84 85+

50 – 64 65 – 84 85+

28

Age Distribution for the Population 50 Years & OlderBy Race, Hispanic Origin, and Ethnic Group, Los Angeles County, 2010, Ranked by 50—64 Population

APPENDIX C

50 – 64 65 – 84 85+ NHPI Ethnic Group

Native Hawaiian

Samoan


Tongan

Fijian

Tahitian

Palauan

NHPI Total

Number

1,715

1,708

706

395

239

29

17

7,379

Number

881

708

256

147

81

19

0

3,440

Number

71

50

27

9

4

2

0

393

% of Race

13%

10%

12%

12%

18%

10%

17%

14%

% of Race

7%

4%

4%

5%

6%

7%

0%

6%

% of Race

1%

0.3%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

1%

0%

1%

29


APPENDIX C

Foreign Born % (50+)

Asian American 89%

Latino 74%

White 21%

Black or African American 8%

Total 50+ Population 48%

Foreign Born % (50+) Vietnamese 99%

Cambodian 99%

Korean 97%

Thai 97%

Indian 96%

Filipino 95%

Chinese 93%

Japanese 32%

LEP (50+) Latino 63%

Asian American 62%

White 11% Black or African American 2%


LEP (50+) Cambodian 87%

Vietnamese 84%

Korean 84%

Chinese 74%

Thai 72%

Filipino 41%

Indian 39%

Japanese 26%

High School Degree or Higher (50+) Latino 45%

Asian American 80%

Black or African American 86% White 91%


High School Degree or Higher (50+) Cambodian 43%

Vietnamese 54%

Chinese 72%

Thai 78%

Indian 83%

Korean 86%

Filipino 91%

Japanese 93%

Bachelor’s Degree or Higher (50+) Latino 8%


White 40%

Asian American 40%


Bachelor’s Degree or Higher (50+) Cambodian 10%

Vietnamese 17%

Thai 34%

Chinese 36%

Japanese 38%

Korean 41%

Indian 53%

Filipino 54%

Has SupplementaI Security Income (65+)

Asian American 19%

Latino 12%


White 9%


Has SupplementaI Security Income (65+) Cambodian 35%

Vietnamese 34%

Chinese 23%

Korean 21%

Indian 18%

Filipino 17%

Thai 8%

Japanese 4%

30

Selected Population CharacteristicsLos Angeles County, 2010

By Asian American Ethnic Group

By Race and Hispanic Origin

APPENDIX D

Low Income (65+) Latino 48%


Asian American 39%

White 28%


Below Poverty (65+) Latino 16%


Asian American 15%

White 10%


Homeowner % (50+) Black or African American 47%

Latino 55%

Asian American 62%

White 70%


Multigenerational Household (50+) Latino 16%


Asian American 7%

White 3%


Low Income (65+) Korean 57%

Cambodian 53%

Chinese 44%

Vietnamese 43%

Thai 31%

Japanese 28%

Filipino 25%

Indian 25%

Below Poverty (65+) Korean 24%

Cambodian 23%

Chinese 19%

Vietnamese 15%

Indian 9%

Filipino 9%

Japanese 8%

Thai 7%

Homeowner % (50+) Cambodian 30%

Korean 40%

Vietnamese 55%

Filipino 63%

Thai 69%

Chinese 69%

Indian 70%

Japanese 77%

Multigenerational Household (50+) Cambodian 14%

Filipino 12%

Vietnamese 10%

Indian 8%

Thai 7%

Chinese 6%

Korean 3%

Japanese 3%

SHADED = Faring below non-Latino Whites BOLD = Faring below the area average BLUE = Faring below all major racial groups


31

By Asian American Ethnic Group

By Race and Hispanic Origin

APPENDIX D

% of AA

27%

20%

34%

23%

25%

27%

23%

25%

23%

21%

24%

20%

23%

29%

28%

24%

38%

22%

23%

23%

26%

26%

17%

17%

20%

26%

% of AA

32%

27%

42%

30%

35%

38%

32%

38%

33%

31%

37%

32%

33%

37%

41%

33%

46%

37%

33%

25%

36%

35%

24%

30%

28%

36%

% Growth

41%

45%

35%

68%

51%

46%

48%

79%

79%

108%

100%

92%

65%

50%

53%

70%

19%

84%

115%

63%

48%

55%

164%

104%

70%

68%

City Los Angeles

Long Beach

Monterey Park

Torrance

Alhambra

Cerritos

Glendale

Rowland Heights

Rosemead

Arcadia

El Monte

Diamond Bar

West Covina

Carson

Hacienda Heights

San Gabriel

Gardena

Walnut

Temple City

Pasadena

Norwalk

Rancho Palos Verdes

Santa Clarita

Pomona

Lakewood

Baldwin Park

Number

108,207

12,652

12,959

9,736

10,585

8,319

7,869

6,308

6,202

5,201

5,350

5,105

5,925

6,312

5,557

4,793

6,382

3,876

3,090

3,503

3,385

3,007

1,671

2,084

2,461

2,423

Number

152,537

18,318

17,469

16,405

15,951

12,159

11,631

11,321

11,087

10,816

10,685

9,804

9,774

9,483

8,524

8,149

7,569

7,129

6,650

5,701

5,025

4,651

4,414

4,244

4,177

4,077

% of Total 50+

Population

13%

13%

65%

24%

46%

50%

14%

51%

49%

30%

27%

36%

23%

27%

35%

43%

41%

52%

30%

10%

16%

18%

5%

9%

12%

19%

% of Total 50+

Population

15%

15%

73%

32%

57%

60%

17%

65%

64%

50%

38%

50%

31%

32%

44%

60%

39%

62%

51%

13%

18%

24%

9%

13%

17%

23%

2000 2010

32

Top 50 Cities for Asian American Population 50 Years & OlderLos Angeles County, 2000 to 2010, Ranked by 2010 Population

APPENDIX E

% of AA

20%

39%

25%

26%

23%

29%

21%

22%

23%

22%

20%

20%

16%

24%

24%

28%

22%

18%

31%

24%

16%

27%

26%

19%

% of AA

25%

48%

36%

36%

31%

38%

36%

33%

25%

28%

27%

28%

22%

33%

31%

29%

30%

31%

41%

31%

26%

40%

36%

27%

% Growth

73%

17%

81%

36%

70%

63%

90%

87%

50%

57%

105%

106%

101%

83%

33%

31%

68%

115%

63%

77%

152%

87%

55%

77%

City Burbank

Montebello

La Mirada

Downey

Bellflower

West Carson

San Marino

East San Gabriel

Santa Monica

South Pasadena

Lancaster

Palmdale

Redondo Beach

Artesia

Hawthorne

Culver City

Covina

La Cañada Flintridge

South San Gabriel

Glendora

La Crescenta-Montrose

Duarte

San Dimas

Claremont

Number

2,119

3,042

1,872

2,375

1,811

1,684

1,377

1,361

1,681

1,562

1,171

1,131

1,136

1,158

1,536

1,541

1,167

831

1,056

875

606

803

962

836

Number

3,668

3,553

3,385

3,226

3,071

2,749

2,620

2,551

2,518

2,456

2,403

2,325

2,284

2,118

2,049

2,018

1,960

1,789

1,724

1,547

1,528

1,500

1,491

1,476

% of Total 50+

Population

8%

20%

14%

9%

13%

24%

30%

34%

6%

24%

5%

6%

8%

27%

11%

13%

10%

12%

46%

6%

12%

14%

9%

8%

% of Total 50+

Population

11%

19%

21%

11%

16%

33%

48%

50%

8%

30%

7%

7%

11%

39%

11%

15%

14%

21%

57%

9%

22%

20%

12%

12%

2000 2010

33


APPENDIX E

% of NHPI

16%

12%

17%

19%

17%

12%

13%

20%

11%

13%

13%

14%

12%

12%

15%

12%

17%

17%

14%

15%

12%

21%

15%

20%

27%

18%

% of NHPI

21%

17%

22%

37%

21%

17%

16%

25%

17%

20%

16%

18%

16%

24%

22%

19%

24%

24%

22%

19%

14%

28%

24%

29%

25%

31%

% Growth

50%

32%

19%

237%

58%

88%

71%

25%

80%

74%

-2%

66%

119%

99%

49%

54%

38%

61%

79%

52%

96%

106%

90%

90%

-5%

105%

City Los Angeles

Long Beach

Carson

Glendale

Torrance

Hawthorne

Lakewood

Gardena

Bellflower

Norwalk

Compton

Santa Clarita

Lancaster

Paramount

Inglewood

Pomona

West Covina

Pasadena

Downey

Redondo Beach

Palmdale

Santa Monica

Burbank

Diamond Bar

Cerritos

Hacienda Heights

Number

2,135

939

574

100

183

121

119

154

88

85

148

86

63

69

89

83

89

70

61

71

54

49

52

51

95

44

Number

3,209

1,239

681

337

290

227

203

192

158

148

145

143

138

137

133

128

123

113

109

108

106

101

99

97

90

90

% of Total 50+

Population

0.3%

1.0%

2.4%

0.2%

0.4%

0.9%

0.6%

1.0%

0.6%

0.4%

1.0%

0.3%

0.3%

0.9%

0.4%

0.3%

0.4%

0.2%

0.2%

0.5%

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

0.4%

0.6%

0.3%

% of Total 50+

Population

0.3%

1.0%

2.3%

0.5%

0.6%

1.2%

0.8%

1.0%

0.8%

0.5%

0.7%

0.3%

0.4%

1.3%

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

0.3%

0.4%

0.5%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.5%

0.4%

0.5%

2000 2010

34

APPENDIX FTop 50 Cities for NHPI Population 50 Years & OlderLos Angeles County, 2000 to 2010, Ranked by 2010 Population

% of NHPI

14%

13%

16%

20%

25%

21%

13%

16%

13%

13%

12%

25%

20%

25%

13%

12%

24%

NR

13%

17%

13%

16%

8%

16%

% of NHPI

20%

16%

25%

28%

39%

25%

26%

24%

17%

21%

31%

32%

20%

33%

22%

15%

28%

36%

20%

29%

15%

23%

23%

27%

% Growth

60%

63%

63%

-3%

17%

19%

113%

82%

85%

39%

133%

37%

21%

79%

113%

32%

85%

NR

139%

56%

11%

90%

208%

63%

City West Carson

Lawndale

Alhambra

Rowland Heights

Arcadia

El Monte

Covina

Lomita

La Mirada

Lynwood

Baldwin Park

Monterey Park

Culver City

San Gabriel

Glendora

Whittier

Rancho Palos Verdes

Temple City

Altadena

San Dimas

South Whittier

La Verne

Monrovia

La Puente

Number

55

49

48

77

63

59

31

34

33

44

24

41

43

28

23

37

26

NR

18

27

37

21

13

24

Number

88

80

78

75

74

70

66

62

61

61

56

56

52

50

49

49

48

48

43

42

41

40

40

39

% of Total 50+

Population

0.8%

0.9%

0.2%

0.6%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.7%

0.3%

0.5%

0.2%

0.2%

0.4%

0.3%

0.2%

0.2%

0.2%

NR

0.1%

0.3%

0.4%

0.2%

0.1%

0.3%

% of Total 50+

Population

1.0%

1.1%

0.3%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.5%

0.9%

0.4%

0.5%

0.3%

0.2%

0.4%

0.4%

0.3%

0.2%

0.3%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.4%

0.4%

U.S. Census Bureau, 2000 Census SF2, Table PCT3; 2010 Census SF2, Table PCT3.NR = No report. Ethnic group did not meet 2000 Census population threshold for reporting.

2000 2010

35

APPENDIX F

Burmese

Los Angeles 240

Alhambra 181

Rosemead 140

Arcadia 137

Monterey Park 116

Indian

Los Angeles 7,862

Cerritos 1,258

Diamond Bar 870

Torrance 693

Long Beach 567

Laotian

Los Angeles 178

Long Beach 151

Pomona 62

West Covina 52

Baldwin Park 28

Pakistani

Los Angeles 799

Torrance 216

Diamond Bar 96

Walnut 74

Culver City 71

Taiwanese

Arcadia 1,950

Rowland Heights 1,401

Hacienda Heights 1,288

Los Angeles 1,091

Diamond Bar 1,037

Thai

Los Angeles 4,692

Cerritos 307

Long Beach 296

Monterey Park 224

Bellflower 220

Vietnamese

Los Angeles 5,861

Rosemead 2,928

El Monte 2,830

Alhambra 1,633

Long Beach 1,425

Indonesian

Los Angeles 843

Alhambra 140

Arcadia 110

Rowland Heights 109

West Covina 108

Japanese

Los Angeles 16,793

Torrance 6,342

Gardena 3,629

Monterey Park 2,406

Long Beach 1,401

Korean

Los Angeles 39,825

Torrance 3,483

Glendale 3,202

Cerritos 2,708

Diamond Bar 1,779

Cambodian

Long Beach 4,625

Los Angeles 964

Lakewood 267

Rosemead 237

Bellflower 204

Filipino

Los Angeles 45,056

Carson 7,875

Long Beach 7,445

Glendale 4,423

West Covina 3,951

Chinese (except Taiwanese)

Los Angeles 22,429

Monterey Park 12,198

Alhambra 11,535

Rosemead 7,066

Arcadia 6,844

36

Top 5 Cities for Asian American and NHPI Ethnic Group Populations 50 Years & OlderLos Angeles County, 2010, Ranked by 2010 Population within Each Ethnic Group

APPENDIX G

Asian American Ethnic Groups


Los Angeles 266

Long Beach 151

Lakewood 57

Carson 56

Torrance 23

Samoan

Long Beach 667

Carson 465

Los Angeles 302

Compton 115

Bellflower 66

Tongan

Los Angeles 119

Hawthorne 104

Long Beach 60

Inglewood 42

Lennox 31

37

Native Hawaiian

Los Angeles 799

Long Beach 185

Torrance 144

Gardena 103

Carson 89

NHPI Ethnic Groups

APPENDIX G


38

Sources of data used in this report

Most of the data included in this report are drawn from the United States Census Bureau, including the 2010 Census, 2000 Census, and American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) 2009–2013 5-Year Estimates.

The ACS PUMS 2009–2013 5-Year Estimates file was a major source of data used in this report. The file includes the full range of responses for a subsample of the ACS, with each record representing a single person in the persons-level data set or a single household in the household-level data set. The 2013 ACS PUMS file contains data on approximately five percent of the population in Los Angeles County. This subsample allows for more specific cross-tabulations not available on American Factfinder, making it possible to explore numerous characteristics for the older-adult Asian American population in Los Angeles County.

Other data included in the report include the California Department of Finance’s 2014 Population Projections and data from California Health Interview Survey.

Measurement of Race and Ethnicity

Since 2000, the United States Census Bureau has allowed those responding to its questionnaires to report one or more racial or ethnic backgrounds. While this better reflects America’s diversity and improves data available on multiracial populations, it complicates the use of data on racial and ethnic groups.

Data on race are generally available from the Census Bureau in two forms, for those of a single racial background (referred to as “alone”), with multiracial people captured in an independent category, and for those of either single or multiple racial backgrounds (referred to as “alone or in combination with one or more other races”). Similarly, data on ethnic groups are generally available as “alone” or “alone or in any combination.” While “alone or in any combination” data provide the most comprehensive measurement of population, population growth, and population characteristics, they are not available in all data sources.

In this report, population and population growth by racial and ethnic group in the demographics section are measured for the “alone or in combination” population. Exceptions include the measurement of the White population, which is defined here as non-Hispanic White “alone,” while Latino is used to refer to Hispanics or Latinos.

For population characteristics relying on the American Community Survey (ACS) Public Use Microdata Sample (PUMS) 2009–2013 5-Year data, racial and ethnic groups are measured using the single racial background (“alone”) due to coding limitations in race variables. The White population is defined as non-Hispanic White “alone,” and Latino is used to refer to Hispanics or Latinos. Older-adult households by race, Hispanic origin, and ethnic group were defined based on individuals designated as the householder on the survey questionnaire.

For population projection data from the California Department of Finance and health data from California Health Interview Survey, racial groups are defined as “alone, not Hispanic or Latino.” Latino is defined as “Hispanic or Latino of any race.”

Data Limitations

In using the ACS PUMS file to carry out small group and small geography analysis, sample size constraints and larger margins of error limited which racial groups and Asian American ethnic groups could be explored. This resulted in the exclusion of Native Americans and Alaska Natives (AIAN) and Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) racial groups and limited Asian American ethnic group data to Cambodian, Chinese, Filipino, Indian, Japanese, Korean, Thai, and Vietnamese Americans.

TECHNICAL NOTES

April 2016

For more information contact: [email protected] [email protected]

Copyright 2016 AARP. All rights reserved.

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A Community of Contrasts: Asian Americans 50 and Older · 2020-06-07 · 3 AARP and Asian Americans Advancing Justice – Los Angeles are proud to partner on the release of this research