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Name Chapter 8--Stratification: United States and Global Perspectives
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Question 1 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT one of the three lessons about social stratification that is illustrated in Brym and Lie's discussion of the 1975 Italian movie, Swept Away.Answer It is possible to be rich without working hard because one can inherit wealth.
One can work hard without becoming rich. Something about human beings leads them to love the rich and hate the poor. Something about the structure of society causes inequality. none of these choices
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Question 2 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionRobinson Crusoe, Swept Away, and Titanic all illustrate issues of social inequality because they:Answer illustrate patterns of social relations that underlie and shape inequality
illustrate how Hollywood dramatizes social inequality criticize inequality in everyday life all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 3 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionRobinson Crusoe, Swept Away, and Titanic all illustrate how social inequality can have powerful consequences for the way we live. They do this by:Answer illustrating patterns of social relations that underlie and shape inequality
illustrating how Hollywood minimizes social inequality criticizing inequality in everyday life all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 4 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe authors argue that Titanic examines:Answer the inescapable patterns of social relations that underlie and shape inequality
the personal determination of stratification the influence of media on our understanding of the world how love and crisis can overcome social stratification none of these choices
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Question 5 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe idea that society is organized in layers or strata is called:Answer sociology
social stratification social organization social interaction social archeology
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Question 6 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIf you were to look at American society and see people organized into different layers based on their access to resources such as money or wealth, you would be thinking about:Answer sociology
social stratification social organization social interaction social archeology
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Question 7 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
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The assets you own and control compose your:Answer money
sense of self social organization of everyday life income wealth
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Question 8 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionA home, a car, and some appliances are all examples of:Answer money
sense of self social organization of everyday life income wealth
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Question 9 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat you are able to earn in a given period of time is known as your:Answer money
sense of self social organization of everyday life income wealth
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Question 10 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Brym and Lie, there is greater disparity in the distribution of ____ than in the distribution of ____.Answer money, jobs
wealth, income inheritance, pay income, wealth race, gender
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Question 11 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe reason that sociologists know little about the distribution of wealth is because:Answer Americans hide their wealth
Americans all have such great wealth compared to other countries Americans are not required to report their wealth In America assets are always greater than debt none of these choices
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Question 12 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThirty-seven percent of all national wealth is owned by:Answer the government
Bill Gates the richest 1% of Americans the richest 10% of Americans foreign governments
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Question 13 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionStudents of social stratification often divide populations into categories of unequal size that differ in their lifestyle. These are often called:Answer income classes
income strata wealth strata stratum income and wealth strata
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Question 14 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSociologists divide populations into a number of equal-sized statistical categories, usually called:Answer income classes
income strata wealth strata stratum income and wealth strata
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Question 15 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIf a sociologist divides households into five separate and equal levels by income, this would be called:Answer income classes
income strata wealth strata stratum income and wealth strata
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Question 16 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe upper-upper class that comprises less than one percent of the United States population was once described as:Answer patrician
the elite the power elite old money new money
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Question 17 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMany members of the upper-upper class ____ their wealth.Answer squander
inherit give away all hoard all hide all
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Question 18 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIn recent decades a substantial number of people have entered the upper-upper class. These people are called:Answer patrician
the elite the power elite old money new money
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Question 19 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionNew members of the upper-upper class are:Answer still overwhelmingly white
overwhelmingly non-Hispanic concentrated in high-tech areas all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 20 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionLarry Ellison, the founder and CEO of Oracle, represents a case of:Answer a patrician
the technological elite the power elite old money new money
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Question 21 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAs high-tech industry came to dominate Silicon Valley, it encouraged much upward mobility. It also:Answer increased the cost of living, which hurt the middle class and the poor
decreased the cost of living by increasing economic opportunities kept inequality level increased the cost of entering technological markets, which minimized the growth of the wealthy none of these choices
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Question 22 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionOver a lifetime, an individual may experience considerable movement up or down the stratification system. Sociologists call this movement:Answer horizontal social mobility
energized social stratification vertical social mobility increasing social expectation the social class consequence
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Question 23 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following increases during periods of economic restructuring, for example, the plant closings and layoffs the United States experienced in the 1980s and 1990s?Answer upward mobility
vertical mobility downward mobility organizational mobility high-tech industry
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Question 24 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT a consequence of the changing patterns of social stratification caused by the high-tech industry?Answer high-technology industry squeezed the middle class and encouraged downward mobility
high-technology industry helped to create a new division in the lower-upper class-the "poor rich" high technology industry lowered the value of unskilled work high-technology industry swelled the ranks of the poor none of these choices
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Question 25 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionVariations in income and wealth between countries is known as:Answer inequity
global mobility global inequality all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 26 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhen sociologists study the differences in income and wealth between countries, they are studying:Answer social inequality
global inequality gross international product cross-national variations in internal stratification all of these choices
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Question 27 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhen sociologists are studying international differences in the gap between rich and poor within countries, they are studying:Answer
social inequality
global inequality gross international product cross-national variations in internal stratification all of these choices
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Question 28 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
Question____ is the measure of income inequality that ranges from zero to one, measures the level of internal stratification, and allows researchers to compare inequality between societies:Answer the strata rating
the Gini index the Parsons theorem the stratification correlation none of these choices
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Question 29 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionA Gini index of zero indicates that:Answer every household in the country earns very different amounts of money
every adult in the country earns the same amount of money every household in the country earns the same amount of money a single household earns the entire national income we cannot know how the national income is earned in a country
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Question 30 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionA Gini index of one indicates that:Answer every household in the country earns very different amounts of money
every adult in the country earns the same amount of money every household in the country earns the same amount of money a single household earns the entire national income we cannot know how the national income is earned in a country
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Question 31 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe construction of the first agricultural settlements were based on:Answer large scale agriculture
pastoralism horticulture slash and burn agriculture raiding
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Question 32 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe use of small hand tools to cultivate plants is known as:Answer large scale agriculture
pastoralism horticulture slash and burn agriculture raiding
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Question 33 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe domestication of animals is a characteristic of which form of agriculture?Answer large scale agriculture
pastoralism horticulture slash and burn agriculture raiding
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Question 34 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
Question
Larry Ellison of Oracle achieved his position in the American stratification system based on:Answer achievement
luck social ritual ascription the wealth of his parents
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Question 35 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIf you do well on a sociology test because you studied and worked hard, this would illustrate a (n) ____-based accomplishment.Answer achievement
luck ritual ascription sociologically
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Question 36 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIn India, society was divided into ____.Answer social classes
castes occupation groups divisions none of these choices
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Question 37 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
Question____ divide society into groups and subgroups arranged in a rigid hierarchy.Answer classes
castes occupation groups divisions none of these choices
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Question 38 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAt first, the Industrial Revolution that began in the 1700s:Answer eliminated stratification
increased the level of stratification had a huge effect on stratification, in both directions did little to lower the level of stratification none of these choices
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Question 39 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionDuring the Industrial Revolution, improvements in the technology and social organization of manufacturing allowed people to produce more goods, at a lower cost per unit, thereby:Answer deskilling the populace
reducing quality destroying "guilds" creating unions making a rise in living standards possible
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Question 40 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich one of the following was NOT one of the factors that broke down social inequality following industrialization?Answer improvements in technology of manufacturing made it possible to produce less expensive goods
business required a literate, numerate, and highly trained work force workers struggled to join unions traditional inequality between men and women broke down as women entered the work force the number of high-technology jobs increased substantially
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Question 41 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe trend most responsible for the gap between the rich and poor increasing for the past fifty years is:Answer the rise in high technology jobs
the increase in connectivity the creation of the Internet the increase in middle level management jobs declining inflation
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Question 42 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIn medieval Western Europe, peasants worked small plots of land owned by landlords. The peasants were legally obliged to give their landlords a set amount of the harvest from the land and to continue to work for them under any circumstances. In return, the landlord protected the peasants and provided storehouses and fed the peasants in the event of crop failure. This economic system is known as:Answer capitalism
feudalism industrialism agrarianism none of these choices
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Question 43 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionKarl Marx argued that feudalism began to decline as manufacturing production increased. This:Answer created a need for workers
created a need for landowners created a need for serfs to generate the raw materials for industrial production created a trend toward unionization none of these choices
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Question 44 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMarx argued that as the capitalist economy matured:Answer the number of capitalists increased as business opportunities grew
the number of workers decreased as the antagonism between workers and capitalists grew the capitalist class grew smaller and richer, while the working class grew larger and poorer the new working class became far wealthier than they had been as serfs none of these choices
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Question 45 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMarx believed that workers would ultimately see themselves as belonging to the same exploited class. He called this growing awareness:Answer class exploitation
class-consciousness bourgeois identification proletarian identification revolutionary unconsciousness
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Question 46 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, a person's ____ is determined by the source of his or her income or their "relationship to the means of production."Answer exploitation
class consciousness bourgeoisie proletariat class
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Question 47 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, what is determined by someone's "relationship to the means of production?"Answer
class exploitation
class consciousness bourgeoisie proletariat class
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Question 48 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMarx called those who do not own the "means of production" and work for wages:Answer the haute cuisine
the lumpenproletariat the bourgeoisie the proletariat the petty bourgeoisie
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Question 49 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMarx called members of the class that own the "means of production," such as factories, land, and tools:Answer the dumplenproletariat
das "uberman" the bourgeoisie the proletariat the petty bourgeoisie
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Question 50 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, the distinguishing factor in determining what class people are in is:Answer the amount of income and wealth they possess
the community in which they reside their level of influence in society their prestige the source of their income
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Question 51 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionA class of small-scale capitalists who own "means of production" but employ only a few workers or none at all are called:Answer the haute kapital
the nomenklatura the bourgeoisie the proletariat the petty bourgeoisie
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Question 52 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following are aspects of capitalist development that Marx did NOT accurately predict?Answer industrial societies did not polarize into two oppressed classes
a large and heterogeneous middle-class developed investment in technologies increased the wages of workers Communism took root and developed in industrially developed countries
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Question 53 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionClass position in a stratification system is determined by ____, according to Max Weber.Answer ownership of the "means of production"
ownership of land parties market situation status groups
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Question 54 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIn Weber's view, the possession of goods, opportunities for income, level of education, and degree of technical skill
comprise one's:Answer ownership of the "means of production"
ownership of land parties market situation status groups
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Question 55 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT an aspect of Weber's "market situation?"Answer possession of goods
opportunities for income level of education degree of technical skills level of social honor
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Question 56 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT one of the four main social classes for Weber?Answer large property owners
small property owners relatively highly educated and well-paid employees who do not own property members of the intellectual elite, such as college professors manual workers who do not own property
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Question 57 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionGroups of people that differ from one another in the prestige or social honor they enjoy and in their style of life are called:Answer social classes
status groups parties white-collar employees and professionals social celebrities
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Question 58 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
Question____ are not just political groups but, more generally, organizations that seek to impose their will on others.Answer social classes
status groups parties white-collar employees and professionals intellectual workers
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Question 59 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe idea that one can head a military, scientific, or other bureaucracy without being rich, just as one can be rich and still have to endure low prestige, illustrates the importance of ____:Answer social classes
status groups parties white-collar employees and professionals intellectual workers
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Question 60 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe idea that a judge's work contributes more to society than the work of a janitor is an illustration of which theory of stratification?Answer Marxist
Weberian functionalist conflict symbolic interactionist
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Question 61 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Moore, society needs to create incentives to motivate the most talented people to train for the most important jobs. This is an aspect of ____:Answer Marxist Theory
Weberian Theory functionalism conflict Theory a sociological theory
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Question 62 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionOnce people attain high-class standing they use their power to maintain their position and promote the interests of their families regardless of how talented their children are. For example, inheritance allows parents to transfer wealth to children regardless of their talent. This:Answer poses a problem for the Marxist theory of stratification
poses a problem for the Weberian theory of stratification poses a problem for the functional theory of stratification all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 63 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Blau and Duncan, stratification in America is based mainly on:Answer inheritance
individual achievement luck social networks none of these choices
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Question 64 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe average earnings and average years of education of men employed full time in various occupations is known as:Answer a wealth score
an income score the socioeconomic index of occupational status (SEI) the social status score (SSS) socioeconomic status (SES)
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Question 65 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionResearchers combined income, education, and occupational prestige data to construct a(n):Answer index of wealth
index of income socioeconomic index of occupational status (SEI) social status score (SSS) index of socioeconomic status (SES)
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Question 66 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionTo explain occupational achievement, Blau and Duncan used survey data. They concluded that:Answer the respondent's own achievements had little influence on their occupational status
the respondent's own achievements had much more influence on their occupational status than ascribed characteristics there were no clear patterns mother's social status and education were more influential than previously thought father's job and formal education were more influential than previously thought
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Question 67 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe approach to studying social stratification that focuses on the effects of family background and educational level on occupational achievement is called the:Answer
status attainment model stratification model socioeconomic index of occupational status (SEI) social status score (SSS) socioeconomic status (SES)
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Question 68 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhile research has shown that the rate of social mobility for men in the United States is high and that most mobility has been upward, since the early 1970s:Answer social mobility for men has increased geometrically
social mobility for women has increased faster than men social mobility has decreased substantially social mobility has leveled off none of these choices
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Question 69 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSocial mobility within a single generation is called:Answer intergenerational mobility
intragenerational mobility structural mobility organizational mobility individual mobility
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Question 70 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionResearchers have found that mobility for men within a single generation is:Answer decreasing
increasing always higher always lower generally modest
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Question 71 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMobility for men over more than one generation can be substantial and is called:Answer intergenerational mobility
intragenerational mobility structural mobility organizational mobility individual mobility
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Question 72 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionOne of the most dramatic changes during the late 19th and early 20th centuries was the decline in agriculture and the rise of manufacturing. This caused a big drop in the numbers of farmers and a corresponding surge in the number of factory workers. Mobility due to such changes in jobs is called:Answer intergenerational mobility
intragenerational mobility structural mobility organizational mobility individual mobility
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Question 73 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionBlau and Duncan's study of social stratification has been criticized from many perspectives. However, most of the criticisms agree that:Answer it is time bound
it ignores the degree to which mobility is limited by gender, race, and class it is too international in scope it is too American in scope none of these choices
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Question 74 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following was NOT one of the criticisms made of Blau and Duncan's study of social stratification?Answer They did not sample part-time and unemployed workers
They underrepresented members of the working class They underrepresented African and Hispanic Americans Women were excluded from their research Younger workers were underrepresented
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Question 75 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSome of Blau and Duncan's critics suggest that it is insufficient to examine only the characteristics of individuals (such as years of education completed) when trying to explain status attainment. They state that it is also important to examine the characteristics of:Answer all family members
all classes groups the community all of these choices
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Question 76 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAn adequate theory of class stratification must specify a small number of distinct classes because the larger the number of classes specified by the theory:Answer the more complicated and less useful the explanation
the greater the sampling problems the more the bias the less it will capture class differences none of these choices
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Question 77 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionErik Olin Wright's basic distinction in class analysis is between:Answer status categories and parties
different levels of SES intellectual, physical, and service work modern and postmodern work none of these choices
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Question 78 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Wright, the basic distinction in class analysis is between property owners and non-owners. He also distinguishes between large, medium, and small owners based on how they:Answer differ from one another in political activism to advocate their economic interests
differ from one another in terms of how much status they possess differ from one another in terms of power differ from one another in terms of how much property they own and how many employees they have none of these choices
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Question 79 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionFor Wright, "organizational assets" refer to:Answer decision-making authority
the financial resources of an organization the political influence of a property owner all of these choices none of these choices
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Question 80 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIn Wright's theory, non-propertied people who have high skill and credential levels combined with no organizational assets are called:Answer
managers organizational activists expert managers semi-credentialed mangers expert non-managers
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Question 81 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT one of Goldthorpe's basic divisions in employment relations?Answer employers
self-employed employees governmental employees none of these choices
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Question 82 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionHow do members of a status group signal their social rank?Answer by displaying "taste" in fashion, food, music, literature, and behavior
by organizing around political interests by communicating on the Internet by examining "bad taste" none of these choices
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Question 83 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Bourdieu, people acquire specific cultural tastes associated with their ____. This helps to distinguish them from people in other social positions.Answer social classes
parties jobs social position all of these choices
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Question 84 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMany people who really can't afford to obey the rules of conspicuous consumption, waste, and leisure feel compelled to do so anyway. As a result, they go into debt to maintain their wardrobes because doing so:Answer maintains the economy
is not a problem because debt is overlooked in American society maintains prestige in the eyes of associates and strangers alike is the only way to successfully get a good job none of these choices
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Question 85 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe percentage of Americans who fall below the poverty threshold is called:Answer the poverty rate
the homelessness rate the plight of the poor individual inequity all of these choices
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Question 86 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following was NOT a policy initiative aimed at the problem of poverty in the United States?Answer the introduction of various social support programs during the Great Depression
the "War on Poverty" the reduction of welfare programs in the 1980s the "Death to Poverty Campaign" of the 1990s all of these choices
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Question 87
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT a myth about poverty that underlies the "war against the poor?"Answer The overwhelming majority of poor people are African or Hispanic American single mothers.
People are poor because they don't want to work. Poor people are trapped in poverty and cannot escape it. Welfare is a strain on the federal budget. none of these choices, that is, all of these are myths about poverty
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Question 88 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSurveys show that:Answer few Americans have trouble placing themselves in the class structure when asked to do so
most Americans know that the gaps between classes are large most Americans do not think that big gaps between classes are needed to motivate people to work hard most Americans think that inequality exists because it benefits the rich and powerful all of these choices
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Question 89 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, one's relationship to the means of production determines one's:Answer position
status class value standing
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Question 90 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Weber, class is determined by one's:Answer market value
market situation income family history social standing
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Question 91 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhich of the following is NOT one of the ways that Wright distinguishes classes:Answer relationship to the means of production
amount of property owned organizational assets family history skill
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Question 92 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionGoldthorpe asserted that classes are determined mainly by:Answer one's "employment relations"
one's "relationship to power sources" one's "employable income ratio" one's "relationship to employable bodies" one's "employ d'egalitie"
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Question 93 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMany elements of "high culture", such as opera and abstract art, are inaccessible to most people because fully understanding them requires:Answer training
unheard of wealth special education professional help access to information
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Question 94 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe movie Sweet Home Alabama achieves a happy ending by denying the often-difficult process of adapting to a new subculture as one experiences:Answer class adaptation
social upheaval social mobility economic uprising cultural capital improvement
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Question 95 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionOne of the problems with the functional theory of stratification is that it is difficult to establish which jobs are important, especially when one takes a:Answer functional perspective
economic perspective historical perspective sociological perspective anthropomorphic perspective
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Question 96 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWright and Goldthorpe created ____ that specified criteria for distinguishing a small number of classes.Answer class records
class maps class guides class nomenclature classified status
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Question 97 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionFor Goldthorpe, the basic division in employment relations is among:Answer employers
self-employed people employees all of the above none of the above
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Question 98 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionToday, we have different ways of using clothes to signal:Answer taste
wealth prestige style status
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Question 99 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionA second noneconomic dimension of stratification is:Answer education
religion history politics economics
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Question 100 Multiple Choice 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat has a profound impact on the distribution of opportunities and rewards in society?Answer
home life political life employment life
personal life educational life
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Question 101 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSocial stratification pervades all aspects of social life.Answer True
False
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Question 102 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe richest 1% of American households own 37% of all national wealth, while the richest 10% own more than 70% of all national wealth.Answer True
False
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Question 103 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionIncome inequality has been declining in the United States for the past quarter of a century.Answer True
False
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Question 104 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionFueled by high-tech industries, the 1990s witnessed the longest economic boom in American history.Answer True
False
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Question 105 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMuch of the wealth of the wealthy industrialized countries has come about because of the hard work, natural resources, and good business planning of these countries.Answer True
False
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Question 106 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionCaste-like systems existed only in agricultural societies.Answer True
False
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Question 107 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionMarx expected communism to take root in countries where industry and capitalism were the most developed.Answer True
False
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Question 108 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWeber states that to get an accurate picture of a society's stratification system, one must analyze classes, businesses, and religious groups.Answer True
False
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Question 109 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionResearch shows there are only small differences in rates of social mobility among the highly industrialized countries. The United States does not have an exceptionally high rate of upward social mobility. In fact, some countries, such as Australia and Canada, have higher upward mobility rates than the United States.Answer True
False
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Question 110 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
Question
If you compare people with the same level of education and similar family backgrounds, women and minority groups tend to attain the same status as white men do.Answer True
False
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Question 111 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Wright, the basic distinction in class analysis is between property owners and non-owners.Answer True
False
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Question 112 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe difference between "good taste," "common taste," and "bad taste" are inherent in cultural objects themselves and are all equally accessible to all members of society.Answer True
False
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Question 113 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionOften, rich people engage in conspicuous displays of consumption, waste, and leisure not because they are necessary, useful, or pleasurable but simply to impress their peers and inferiors.Answer True
False
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Question 114 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionThe overwhelming majority of poor people are African or Hispanic American single mothers with children.Answer True
False
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Question 115 True/False 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionSurveys show that few Americans have trouble placing themselves in the class structure when asked to do so.Answer True
False
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Question 116 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat is the difference between wealth and income?Answer Wealth is what you own (minus what you owe) whereas income is what you earn in a given time period.
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Question 117 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat is the functional theory of stratification?Answer The functional theory of stratification argues that (a) some jobs are more important than other, (b) people have
to make sacrifices to train for important jobs, and (c) inequality is required to motivate people to undergo these sacrifices.
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Question 118 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionDescribe the apartheid system.Answer Apartheid was a caste system based on race that existed in South Africa from 1941992. It consigned the large
black majority to menial jobs, prevented marriage between blacks and whites, and erected separate public facilities for members of the two races. Asians and people of "mixed race" enjoyed privileges between these two extremes.
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Question 119 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, who are the bourgeoisie?Answer The bourgeoisie are owners of the means of production, including factories, tools and land. They do not do any
physical labor. Their income derives from profits.
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Question 120 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat is a caste system?Answer A caste system is an almost pure ascription-based stratification system in which occupation and marriage
partners are assigned on the basis of caste membership.
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Question 121 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat was feudalism?Answer Feudalism was a legal arrangement in preindustrial Europe that bound peasants to the land and obliged them to
give their landlords a set part of the harvest. In exchange, landlords were required to protect peasants from marauders and open their storehouses and feed the peasants if crops failed.
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Question 122 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionAccording to Marx, who are the petty bourgeoisie?Answer The petty bourgeoisie is the class of small-scale capitalists who own means of production but employ only a
few workers or none at all, forcing them to do physical work themselves.
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Question 123 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionDefine the poverty rate.Answer The poverty rate is the percentage of people living below the poverty threshold, which is three times the
minimum food budget established by the United States Department of Agriculture.
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Question 124 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionExplain the concept of socioeconomic status.Answer Socioeconomic status (SES) combines income, education, and occupational prestige data in a single index of
one's position in the socioeconomic hierarchy.
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Question 125 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionExplain the concept of the proletariat, according to Marx.Answer The proletariat, in Marx's usage, is the working class. Members of the proletariat do physical labor but do not
own means of production. They are thus in a position to earn wages.
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Question 126 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionCompare and contrast internal and international stratification.Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 127 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionCompare and contrast Marx and Weber on social stratification.Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 128 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionCompare and contrast Marx, Weber, and Davis and Moore on how they view social stratification.Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 129 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionExplain the criticisms of Blau and Duncan's status attainment model. What has subsequent research shown?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 130 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionDescribe Erik Olin Wright's model of class analysis. How is it similar to Marx's model?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 131 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionCompare and contrast Wright and Goldthorpe's typology of class structure. Who has the best model according to Brym
and Lie? Do you agree?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 132 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat reasons make class analysis so important to the study of stratification and sociology?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 133 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionWhat are the two main currents of American opinion on poverty and how do they differ from one another?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 134 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionHow is the poverty threshold determined? How is it used?Answer Answer not provided.
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Question 135 Essay 0 points Modify Remove
QuestionConstruct your own question drawing on relevant course materials for your answer. Points will be awarded for both the question and the answer.Answer Answer not provided.
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