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A Brief Introduction to Transformers ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1 1

A Brief Introduction to Transformers

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A Brief Introduction to Transformers. Transformer Construction. Three-Phase Transformer. Transformer Action -- DC. Opposes battery voltage. Opposes flux buildup. Transformer Action -- AC. Voltage ratio = Turns ratio. “No-Load” Condition. “No load” condition continued. I o = I fe + I M - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

A Brief Introduction to Transformers

ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1 1

Page 2: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

Transformer Construction

2ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 3: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

Three-Phase Transformer

3ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 4: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

Transformer Action -- DC

4ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 5: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1 5

11

de N

dt

2 2

de N

dt

Opposes battery voltage Opposes flux buildup

Page 6: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

Transformer Action -- AC

6ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 7: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

max

max

max

sin

6.28

4.44

p p

p p

p p

prms p

dE N

dtd

E N tdt

E fN

E N f

max

max

max

sin

6.28

4.44

s s

s s

s s

srms s

dE N

dtd

E N tdt

E fN

E N f

7ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 8: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

max

max

4.444.44

p p p

s s s

E N f NE N f N

Voltage ratio = Turns ratio

8ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 9: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

“No-Load” Condition

9ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 10: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

“No load” condition continued

Io = Ife + IM

Io = exciting current

Io provides the “magnetizing flux” and the “core loss”

Ife = core-loss current Ife = VT / Rfe

IM = magnetizing current IM = VT / jXM10ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 11: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

Component Fluxes – Loaded Transformer

11ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1

Page 12: A Brief Introduction to Transformers

ΦP = net flux in window of primary ΦS = net flux in window of secondary

Φlp = leakage flux of primary Φls = leakage flux of secondary

ΦM = mutual flux

ΦP = ΦM + Φlp

ΦS = ΦM – Φls

12ECE 201 Circuit Theory 1


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