A (brief) guide to the Referencing

∗ Note-taking skills ∗ Knowing that you are going to reference your sources requires you

to document your research/reading in a rigorous way. ∗ It is always advisable to record sources you use on an ongoing basis.

It makes the process of writing your bibliography much easier. Imagine trying to remember every book, magazine, report, newspaper, online article, webpage, blog and email you used to complete your 4,000 word extended essay.....at the end!!

∗ Always write out the full reference detail with any notes. Where you copy phrases, sentences indicate this with quotation marks so you know when you include it in your assignment.

Academic writing

∗ References are used to provide evidence to support positions, opinions, approaches taken etc. and to put current work in context.

∗ Jones (1990) describes how the high soft tissue contrast displayed by ultrasound makes it ideal for examining organs such as the heart.

∗ Without references the reasoning lacks credibility: ∗ Ultrasound is ideal for examining soft tissues.

Referencing

“Plagiarism is defined as presenting someone else’s work as your own. Work means any intellectual output, and typically includes text, data, images, sound or performance.” (Office of Academic Appeals & Regulation ,2005) “Unacknowledged copying from published sources (including the internet) or incomplete referencing.” (JCQ, 2007)

“Plagiarism occurs when an author attempts to misrepresent as original, existing and unacknowledged material or ideas from another person, source or (in the case of self-plagiarism) their own work.” (PlagiarismAdvice.Org,2008)

Plagiarism – what is it?

Office of Academic Appeals & Regulation (2005) Section 2.1 of the published procedures on “ Cheating, plagiarism and fraudulent or fabricated coursework ” JCQ (2007) Suspected malpractice in examinations and assessments: policies and procedures. http://www.jcq.org.uk/ (30th August 2012) PlagiarismAdvice.org (2008) http://www.plagiarismadvice.org/documents/FAQ.pdf (30th August 2012)

Let’s watch a tutorial to help us out:

∗ All cases are reported and go on your student record. ∗ Penalties can be as serious as straight failure of the IB

diploma. ∗ Why? – plagiarism undermines the school’s reputation and

the quality of its student’s work! ∗ So what about at University? The process is even simpler

but harsher. ∗ You receive a first and final warning after one offence and

are expelled from the course after a second offence!!!

Plagiarism is serious

∗ Subject experts knowledge of the discipline and its literature.

∗ Changes in writing style, inappropriate writing style. ∗ Electronically using anti-plagiarism software like

Turnitin. ∗ The bottom line is, you will get found out!!!

Plagiarism detection

There are 3 components to a reference: 1. In text reference (e.g. Jones 1994) 2. The paraphrased/quoted version of the

original 3. Full reference details

Referencing

Referencing - Quoting

According to Berners-Lee et al (2001) "the Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in which information is given well-defined meaning, better enabling computers and people to work in cooperation".

Referencing - Paraphrasing

Berners-Lee et al (2001) argue that incorporating artificial intelligence techniques into the mechanisms of the Internet will result in new systems with potential to make a large impact on society.

At AISJ we use the MLA (Modern Languages Association) referencing style – let’s see how it works: ∗ http://writing.wisc.edu/Handbook/DocMLACitation_In

fo.html Is there an easier way? ∗ http://www.easybib.com/ Let’s put your understanding to the test!! ∗ http://www.grammar-quizzes.com/writing_mlacit.asp

So what referencing style do we use? And how does it work?