A BRIEF ABOUT ORGANIZING COMMITTEES › conf › file-8 › conffile8.pdfA BRIEF ABOUT ORGANIZING COMMITTEES Patron x S. Randeep Singh Jauhar, President, Guru Nanak Khalsa Group of

A BRIEF ABOUT ORGANIZING COMMITTEES

Patron

S. Randeep Singh Jauhar, President, Guru Nanak Khalsa Group of Educational

Institutes, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana.

Mr. Amit Sinha, CAO, Guru Nanak Khalsa Institute of Technology &

Management, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana.

Convener

Dr. Kumar Guarve, Principal, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna

Nagar, Haryana.

S. J. S. Sodhi, Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna

Nagar, Haryana.

Co-ordinator

Dr. Ashwani K. Dhingra, Associate Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of

Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana.

Organizing Secretary

Dr. Bhawna Chopra, Associate Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of


Dr. Priyanka Kriplani, Associate Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of


Joint Organizing Secretaries

Dr. Geeta Deswal, Associate Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy,

Yamuna Nagar, Haryana.

Mr. Rohit Kamboj, Assistant Professor, Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy,

Yamuna Nagar, Haryana.

Registration Committee

Ms. Sweta Kamboj

Ms. Himanshu Kamboj

Hospitality, Transport & Accommodation Committee

Ms. Anjali Sharma

Ms. Deepshi Arora

Member LOC

Mr. Rameshwar Dass

Mr. Abhishek Dabra

Mr. Deepak Singla

Ms. Monika Saini

Ms. Preeti Arya

Ms. Shivani

Ms. Uditi Handa

Mr. Pardeep Kumar

Ms. Benu Choudhary

Ms. Sapna

Ms. Priyanka Bindlish

Ms. Etisha Goel

Ms. Shefali

Advisory Board

Ms. Asha Dhingra, Director, Oscar Remedies Pvt. Ltd.

Mr. Gulshan Rawat, Director, Biophar Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd.

Mr. Ajay Bhatia, Manager, Alkem Laboratories, Baddi

Mr. Kuldeep Singh, HR-Head, Tirupati Medicare, Paonta Sahib

Mr.Girnish Khetarpal, Diector, Conor Cosmo Pvt. Ltd., Ambala

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

S. No. Event Time

1 Inaugural session

Speech by Dr. Priyanka Kriplani

Welcome by token of love

Hyme

Lightening of lamp

Welcome speech by organizing secretary

Speech by Mr. Nitin Goyal, Assistant Drug

Controller, Guest of honor of the day

Speech by Mr. N. K. Ahuja, Drug Controller

Haryana, chief guest of the day

Introduction by Dr. Priyanka Kriplani

Release of souvenir by dignitaries on the dais

9:30-9:35am

9:35-9:45am

9:45-9:50am

9:50-10:00am

10:00-10:10am

10:10-10:20am

10:20-10:30am

10:30-10:40am

10:40-10:50am

2 First technical session

Dr. GajenderaSingh

Dr. Kunal Nepali

10:50-11:50pm

11:50-1:00pm

3 Lunch break 1:00-2:00pm

4 Second technical session

Dr. Vipin Saini

Ms. Shailesh Sharma

2:00-2:30pm

2:30-3:00pm

5 Tea break 3:00-3:30pm

6 Valedictory session

Prize distribution announcement by Dr. Kumar

Guarve

Vote of thanks

3:30-4:00pm

4:00-4:15pm

Message of the President……

S. Randeep Singh Jauhar

It is heartening to know that Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar is

organizing One Day International Conference on theme “New Horizons in Pharmaceutical and

Biomedical Sciences” (Drug Discovery and Development) on 23rd

October 2019 under the

patronage of Pt. B. D. Sharma University of Health Sciences, Rohtak.

The theme of conference is of current interest and will serve as a common platform for

discussing the Drug Discovery and Development related issues. In modern drug discovery era,

successful navigations through Rational Drug Design are the keys to product longevity. This

educational conference will provide a unique platform for scientific deliberation pertaining to

discuss and apply recent research findings related to the emerging issue of Drug Discovery and

Development.

I welcome all the participants to the conference.

S. Randeep Singh Jauhar

President

Guru Nanak Khalsa Group of Educational Institutes

Yamuna Nagar, Haryana

From the Desk of Convener……

Prof. (Dr.) Kumar Guarve

It is indeed a matter of great delight to bring out the proceeding of One Day International

Conference on “New Horizons in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences” which is being

organized in our college. The theme of the conference was chosen keeping in view the present

scenario of globalization and vital role of pharmacists in these fields in the year to come. Many

relevant topics pertaining to various aspects of theme were deliberated by eminent scientists,

who very kindly accepted to our request and spared time for us out of their heavy work schedule.

More than 150 delegates, who attended, were immensely benefited. I fail to find words to

express my deep gratitude to these distinguished speakers. I would like to place on record my

sincere gratitude to our worthy chairman and president of S. Randeep Singh Jauhar of the

conference who has always supported and encouraged us to organize activity of this sort. I am

also thankful to all members of the college and managing committee for their kind support.

Prof. (Dr.) Kumar Guarve

Convener

Acknowledgment……

Dr. Ashwani Dhingra

It is wonderful feeling of joy, pleasure and privilege to be a part of the organizing committee in

one day international level conference held at Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna

Nagar on 23rd

October 2019. The theme of conference “New Horizons in Pharmaceutical and

Biomedical Sciences” (Drug Discovery and Development) is first of its kind organized

successfully in the area and we are overwhelmed by enthusiastic response obtained from all over

the country. I wish to express my sincere gratitude to eminent speakers for giving their expert

views on various aspects of Intellectual Property Rights. I am highly indebted to our worthy

Chairman and president of the conference S. Randeep Singh Jauhar giving valuable support

for making this conference a grand success. My deep sense of gratitude extends to Ms. Asha

Dhingra, Mr. Girnish Khetarpal, Mr. Ajay Bhatia, Mr. Kuldeep Singh and Mr.

Gulshan Rawat for sparing their valuable time and also for their minute to minute

guidance during each phase of the conference.

I further take this opportunity to thank all the members of organizing and managing

committee for the constant support and also to the students of our institute, who work

round the clock for making the conference a grand success.

Dr. Ashwani Dhingra

Co-ordinator

KEY NOTE LECTURES

Practice of Pharmaceutical Ethics in Pharmacy Profession in India

Gajendra Singh, Professor and Dean, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pt. BDS

University of Health Sciences, Rohtk

Pharmacists are the formulators, developers, producers, regulators, scientists and educationists

who are trust worthy on all these aspects on drugs. The Pharmaceutical industry is most heavily

regulated out of all industries by competent authority. Current global role of Pharmacist is

changing drastically which includes giving advice and information on use of drugs, is

responsible for dispensing and compounding drugs or preparing suitable dosage forms for

administration of drugs, clinical area, manufacturing, community pharmacy and research. The

role of Pharmacist extends for collection, identification, purification, isolation, synthesis,

standardization, quality control and clinical trials of medicinal substances. These responsibilities

manifest the basis for the requirement of a set of ethical guidelines. Ethical problems faced by

Pharmacy professional involve different areas such as Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical

Industry, Community Pharmacies as well as Educational Institutes.

Ethical issues in Pharmacy Practice: Controversies have been generated due to the use of

“cyber doctors” and online Pharmacies on some sites, the dispensing of drugs without

prescriptions from other sites and the import of prescription medications. Few online Pharmacies

are legitimate and provide benefits to patients, other online Pharmacies are engaged in

questionable practices. Ethics in Pharmaceutical Issues needs to ensure the Good Manufacturing

Practice (GMP) which outlines the aspects of production and testing impacting the quality of the

product. This can only be achieved by adequate and appropriately qualified and trained

personnel.

Ethical issues in Research: Clinical trials involve human subjects as volunteers so it is most

important to ensure the well-being and safety of these volunteers and that all the trials conducted

in consonance with global ethical postulates. Clinical trials made a foray into developing

countries. India being a developing country need to lean more on countries with strong bioethics

education to provide support in terms of expert advice and curriculum development.

Ethical issues in Industry: Another issue is investment of Pharmaceutical companies on research

for drugs which are likely to be more promising in their sales.

Ethical issues in marketing of Pharmaceutical Products: It is core responsibility of

Pharmaceutical organizations to not only see how much profit can be made but also how ethical

is the profit that is made. Biased prescription practices, practice of gifting by Pharmaceutical

Companies are unethical practices.

Ethical issues in Education: Institutional Resistance to Change Goal of teaching in

Pharmaceutical Education is to get students who critically evaluate the issues. Modern education

in India is more focused on pattern memorization of content than reflection on values and

therefore, is unable to orient students toward positive ethical values. India needs more educators

trained in bioethics and only then we can expect more structured programs that will meet the

needs of Pharmacy Profession. It can be achieved through awareness and sensitization through

Journals and Print media by creating formal, structured academic courses in bioethics.

Latest developments shall be discussed.

Quality by Design in Pharmaceutical Product Development

Dr. Shailesh Sharma

Amar Shaheed Baba Ajit Singh Jujhar Singh Memorial College of Pharmacy

BELA (Ropar) Pb. 140 111

The importance and role of QbD in formulation development and drug delivery to ensure better

product quality and thereby patient compliance. The presentation emphasized on not just quality

by testing (QbT) of the final product but also quality by design (QbD) of the process, including

sourcing input ingredients of the desired quality.

There are six steps as a QbD road map for formulation development. The first step was creating a

quality target product profile to define quality attributes, prerequisites to deliver therapeutic

benefit as per label claims. The second step is to identify Critical Quality Attributes (CQA) and

determine the physical, chemical, biological, or microbiological property or characteristic that

should be within appropriate limit to ensure desired product or raw material quality. The third

step involves ranking critical process parameters and adopting them effectively to get the right

impact in case of critical quality attributes. It requires initial risk assessment of the formulation

variables justification to develop an effective control strategy.

The next step is marking the design space in a way that it leaves room for innovation and at the

same time provides meaningful regulatory flexibility. The fifth step is devising an effective

control strategy to ensure process performance and product quality.

Now days USFDA and other regulatory bodies also emphasized on the QbD. The QbD is only

about delivering a high quality product that meets customer’s need.

Novel Multiparticulate Technology

Vipin Saini

MM University, Kumarhatti, Solan, H.P, India.

Controlled release formulations in tablet form are many but over the years the spheroids or pellet

formulations have gained immense popularity owing to their superiority over the former in

several respects: controlled absorption with resulting reduction in peak to trough ratios, targeted

release of the drug to specific areas within the gastrointestinal tract, absorption of drug

irrespective of the feeding state, minimal potential for dose dumping, facility to produce

combination of dosage form, etc .

Compaction of coated beads, pellets or spheroids into tablets combines the advantages of

oral multiparticulates dosage forms with those of tablets, i.e. cost effectiveness and divisibility.

When these pellets filled into the capsule shell, the main limitation of a pelletized capsule dosage

form is that the highest achievable dose is around 250 mg, due to pellet packing characteristics

and size constraint dictated by capsule. Rather than using this approach, pellets could be

compacted to form a tablet.

Higher dose could be accommodated in tablets than capsules. When a multiparticulate dosage

product is developed in the form of a tablet, it is often enviable to produce compacts that

disintegrate into many subunits soon after ingestion, to attain uniform concentrations of active

substances in the body. It is imperative to emphasize the fact that the coated subunits in the

formulations must withstand the process of compaction without being damaged.After

compactions the existence of cracks have been reported in literature with a polymer (ethyl

cellulose) coated on pellets. This may lead to undesirable effects on the drug release properties of

those subunits. The type and amount of coating on pellets, the size of subunit, the surface

properties of pellets, the selection of external and internal additives having a cushioning effect

and the rate and magnitude of applied pressure must be carefully considered in the design of such

a dosage form.

Design and synthesis of selective HDAC6 inhibitors exerting potent

antiproliferative effects on colon cancer cells

Dr. Kunal Nepali

Assistant Professor, School of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taiwan-110

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been recognized as a promising target for several disorders

such as tumorigenesis, inflammation, and neurodegeneration. Recently Tubastatin A was

identified as a potent HDAC6 inhibitor with neuroprotective functions. The chemical

architecture of Tubastatin A consists of tetrahydrocarboline and hydroxamic acid as cap group

and zinc binding domain respectively. Second-generation analogs of tubastatin A with diverse

substituents at the indole nitrogen (N3) of the tetrahydrocarboline have displayed improved

selective HDAC6 activity and showed immunosuppressive effects with Foxp3þ regulatory T

cells. In view of remarkable and selective inhibition of the HDAC6 isoform by Tubastatin A,

various alterations were attempted by our research group in its chemical architecture in search of

more selective HDAC 6 inhibitors with potent antiproliferative effects. A ring opening strategy

of tetrahydro-γ-carbolines to yield diverse indole based CAPS was employed in our study to

evaluate the influence of modification of the CAP constructs along with incorporation of diverse

linkers bearing the N1-zinc binding domain on the biological activity. Structure-activity

relationship studies revealed that some compounds with substituted indoles as the cap motif

showed selective HDAC6 activity higher than that of tubastatin A. To add on, several

compounds displayed significant cell killing effects against HCT116 cells with GI50 ranging

from 0.50 – 0.54 µM. These compounds also induced irreversible growth arrest capacities by

suppressing colony formation ability, activated the apoptosis pathway and resulted in up

regulation of acetyl-tubulin, without significant induction of acetyl-histone H3 as evidenced by

western blot analysis.

Content

S. No. Name Affiliation Title

1. Nidhi Tyagi Shri Venkateshwara University,

Gajraula.

Daidzein Effect on Parkinson

Disease in Rats

2. Ashwani Kumar*,

Bhawna Chopra.

Guru Gobind Singh College of

Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-

135001, Haryana (India).

Inflammation: The Silent Killer

behind various Deadly Disorders

3.

Alok Pratap Singh*,

Praveen K. Gaur, G.

Gnanarajan

1I.T.S College of Pharmacy,

Delhi Meerut Highway, Murad

Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P. 2Shri Guru Ram Rai University,

Dehradun, U.K.

Nanogel for Delivery of

Antimicrobial Agent

4. Snigdha Bhardwaj*,

Sonam Bhatia

Department of Pharmaceutical

Sciences, Shalom Institute of

Health and Allied Sciences,

SHUATS, Prayagraj, U.P

Development of Anti-virulence

Therapeutics Targeting Bacterial

Infections

5. Ramesh Kumar*,

Mahesh Kumar


Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand

University, Rohtak-124001

Synthesis of novel 5-Substituted-

isatin based pyrimidine derivatives

and their antimicrobial evaluation

6. Shefali Mehla


Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar,

Haryana

Method Development for the

Estimation of Degradation Product

of Sodium Benzoate in Food

Samples by Using UV-

Spectroscopy & HPLC.

7. Lalit Singh

Manipal College of

Pharmaceutical Sciences,

Manipal

Method Development for the

Estimation of Degradation

Products of Methyl, Ethyl &

Propyl parabens in Pharamceuticals

by Using UV-Spectroscopy &

HPLC.

8. Kuldeep Kumar Sahu

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute

of Pharmacy Kumhari , Durg,

Chhattisgarh, India

Herbo Medicines Used in the

Treatment of Acne

9.

Jai Bharti Sharma*,

Shailendra Bhatt, Vipin

Saini

Maharishi Markandeshwar

(Deemed to be University),

Mullana, Ambala, 133207 Maharishi Markandeshwar

University, Solan, Himachal

Pradesh

UV Spectrophotometric Method

for Characterization of the

Curcumin: In-vitro Application in

Oral Delivery

10. Gagandeep Kaur MM School of Pharmacy, MMU

Sadopur , Ambala.

Synthesis and Biological

Evaluation of Some Novel

Nitrogen Containing Small

Heterocyclic Derivatives

11.

Virender*, Kush Arora,

Yatin Narang, Rohit

Sharma


Pharmacy, Yamunanagar

Haryana, India-135001

Oral Disintegrating Films: A Novel

Drug Delivery Approach

12. Tilotma Sahu


of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg,

Chattisgarh, India

Experimental Outcomes of Poly-

Herbal Hydro-Gel for The

Treatment of Leucoderma

13. Ayush Singh Thakur


of Pharmacy Kumhari, Durg,

Chhattisgarh, India

Indian Herbal Plants for The

Treatment of Cancer

14. Preetpal Singh*,

Sumanyu



Haryana, India -135001

Nanorobots: Approach to Medical

Applications

15. Muskaan, Namita,

Afeefa, Kajal



Haryana, India -135001

Nanodiamonds- An Innovative

Approach

16.

Anjali Sharma1,2,

Kumar Guarve2, Ranjit

Singh1

Shobhit University, Gangoh

(Uttar Pradesh)


Pharmacy, Yamuna nagar

(Haryana)

An Innovative and Neoteric

Technology (Microsponges): A

Mini Review

17. Minata*, Pranjal

Kumar Singh

Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of

Pharmaceutical Education &

Research, Modinagar.

To Confined the Pharmacology

And Clinical Efficacy of Nasal

Spray Delivery System in the

Management of Seasonal Allergic

Rhinitis

18.

Amit Ojha*, Suryakant

Verma, Vijay Kumar

Sharma




Good Pharmacovigilance Practices

19.

Sachan Kapil*, Singh

Pranjal Kumar, Sharma

Vijay Kumar




Phytosterols: An Overview

20. Mukesh Kumar*, Vijay

Kumar Sharma




Formulation Development And

Characterization of Matrix Coated

Sustained Release Tablet on

Bosentan

21. Pranjal Kumar Singh*,

T. S. Easwari

IIMT College of Medical

Sciences, IIMT University,

Meerut, UP, India

A Review on Pathogenesis of

Peptic Ulcer With Recent Clinical

And Diagnostic Aspects

22.

Smita Singh*, Nitin

Kumar, Vijay Kumar

Sharma


Pharmaceutical Education and

Research, Modinagar

Sushant School of Health

Science, Ansal University,

Gurugram.

Triazole And Phthalazine Play as a

Key Intermediate in Synthetic

Chemistry

23.

Suryakant Verma*, V.

K. Shukla



Research, Modinagar Amity Institute of Pharmacy,

Amity University Campus,

Noida

Design & Characterisation of

Gentamicin Floating Microspheres

as Potential Drug Carrier for the

Treatment of Intra-Abdominal

Infection

24. Ujjwal Bharti




Comparative Antimicrobial Studies

on Barks of Ficus Species

25. Muskan Chauhan



Haryana

Recent Advances of Drug Delivery

System

26. Sweta Kamboj*, Rohit Guru Gobind Singh College of Orally Disintegrating Strips: A

Kamboj, Rohit Dutt Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar,

Haryana, School of Medical and

Allied Sciences, G.D Goenka

University, Gurugram, Haryana

Novel Approach for Drug Delivery

27. Komal



Chhattisgarh, India

Pellet Preparation for Laboratory

Animals

28. Deepshi Arora


Pharmacy, Yamunanagar,

Haryana.

Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Quick

Glance

29. Harsh Sharma



Chhattisgarh, India

New Discovery In The Treatment

Of Wound Healing

30.

Purnima singh*,

Sucheta, Shainda, Rohit

pandey



Research, Modinagar, India.

Review on Recent Studies on the

Progress of Maslinic Acid and Its

Synthetic Derivatives Towards

Safe and Effective Therapeutics

31. Dharamraj Verma,

Tilotma Sahu



Chhattisgarh- 490042, India.

Dengue in India: A Review

32.

Shainda*, Sucheta,

Purnima Singh, Rohit

Pandey




Oleanolic Acid and Its Derivatives:

Bioactive Candidates for Drug

Discovery And Development

33.

Rohit Pandey*,

Sucheta, Shainda,

Purnima Singh




Tailor Made Drug Design and

Mystic Effects of Betulinic Acid

Derivatives

34.

Rameshwar Dass1,2,

Meenakshi Bhatia1,

Goutam Rath1

Guru Jambheswar University of

Science &Technology, Hisar,

Haryana, India



Haryana, India

Formulation and in-vitro evaluation

of Ethylcellulose expandable film

for gastro-retentive drug delivery

system.

35. Himanshu



Haryana, India

DMARDS: for the Treatment of

Rheumatoid Arthritis

36. Muskaan, Namita,

Afeefa, Kajal



Haryana, India

Nanodiamonds- An Innovative

Approach

37. Kajal Sharma*, Anjana,

Diksha Sharma.



(Haryana)

Nutraceuticals: Current Scenario in

Lifestyle

38.

Sucheta *, Purnima

Singh , Shainda, Rohit

pandey

Dr. K.N Modi Institute of


Research, Modinagar,

Ghaziabad, U.P

Pentacyclic Carboxylic Acid

Containing Triterpene Acids and

Their Derivatives: Potent

Bioavailable Compounds

39. Lokesh Kumar*,

Avinash Dewangan


of Pharmacy, Kumhari

(Chhattisgarh)

Development, Characterization and

Evaluation of Diacerine containing

Microemulsion based Hydrogel for

Osteoarthritis

40. Virender*, Kush Arora,

Yatin Narang, Rohit



Oral Disintegrating Films: A Novel

Drug Delivery Approach

Sharma Haryana, India-135001

41. Ravinder Verma,

Deepak Kaushik M.D. University, Rohtak

Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug

Delivery Systems: A Novel

Approach

42. Alakesh Bharali*,

Mayuri Phukan


Sciences, Dibrugarh University,

Dibrugarh, Assam-786004

Functionalized Lipid-Polymer

Hybrid Nanoparticles Mediated

Targeted Drug Delivery

43. Shikha Kamboj



Haryana, India-135001

Current Scenario in Herbal Drug

Standardization

44.

Rakesh Kumar

Pandey*, Vijay Kumar

Sharma



Research, Modinagar

Formulation and Evaluation of

Floating Beads of Tizanidine

Hydrochloride

45. Desh Deepak*, Vijay

Kumar Sharma



Research, Modinagar

Formulation Development And

Evaluation of Mupirocin Loaded

Ethosomes for Treatment of Skin

Infection

46. Gyan Prakash*, Vijay

Kumar Sharma



Research, Modinagar

Formulation Development &

Evaluation of Ethosome of

Acyclovir

47. Saurabh Shrivastava*,

Chanchal Deep Kaur


of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg

(C.G.), 490042, India.

A Comprehensive Assessment on

Lymphatic Filariasis in India:

Prevalence, Drug Therapy and

Novel Targeting Approaches

48. Anjali*, Bhupinder

Kumar

ISF College of Pharmacy,

Moga, Punjab, 142001

Recent developments on the

structure–activity relationship

studies of MAO inhibitors and their

role.

49. Krishan, Archana

Kapoor


Sciences of Guru Jambheshwar

University of Science &

Technology, Hisar.

2D, 3D QSAR and Molecular

Docking Study of 2-

Mercaptobenzothiazole Derivatives

for Anti-Inflammatory Potential.

50. Shivangi Nijhawan,

Arpit Mangla


Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar -

135001, Haryana, INDIA

Clinical Trials: Drug Discovery

and Development

51. Manju Baba Mast Nath University,

Rohtak

Drug Discovery and Development:

Role of Basic Biological Research

52. Vikram Kumar

Guru Jambheshwar University

of Sciences & Technology,

Hisar, Haryana, India.

New Approaches in Microbiology

Is Benificial for Antibiotic:

Antibiotic Drug Discovery

53. Lokesh Kumar,

Manisha, Esha Sharma

School of Pharmacy, Lingaya’s

Vidyapeeth, Faridabad

(Haryana)

Multi-Target Drugs: A Novel

Approach to Treat Schizophrenia

54. Hitesh Singh Tomar,

Manisha, Esha Sharma

School of Pharmacy, Lingaya’s

Vidyapeeth, Faridabad

(Haryana)

Pharmacovigilance: Tool For Drug

Safety Monitoring

55. Vivek Kumar

Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of

Pharmaceutical Science and

Research, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak,

Haryana-124001

Terminalia arjuna: A Versatile

Therapeutic Herb

56. Sucheta *, Amit Ojha, Dr. K.N Modi Institute of Natural Potential Antihypertensive

Rohit Pandey, Avani

Sharma


Research, Modinagar,

Ghaziabad, U.P

Drug Development: Emphasizing

Current Scenario and Future

Opportunities

57. Sakshi*, Himanshu

Kamboj



Haryana, India

Computer–Aided Drug Design :

An Innovative Tool for Modeling

58. Suman Shrivastava*, S.

J. Daharwal

University Institute of

Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar

Shukla University, Raipur,

Chhattisgarh-492010

A review on Tridax procumbens

and its pharmacological and

phytochemical activities

59. Bhamra Rashmi*,

Diwan Nancy

Chandigarh Group of Colleges,

Landra

An overview on Non-Alcoholic

Fatty Liver Disease

60. Parveen Kumar Goyal* Hindu College of Pharmacy,

Sonepat-131001, Haryana

Impact of urolithiasis on quality of

human life

61.

Sadia Choudhary*,

Yogita Chowdhary,

Qurratul Ain, Shabnam

Ain, Babita Kumar &

Shilpa M

Sanskar College of Pharmacy &

Research , Ghaziabad

Development and Evaluation of

Calcium Carbonate Tablet

62. Tanish Kochar*, Anjali

Sharma, Vasu, Hardik


Pharmacy, YNR, Haryana

135001

An Hypothetic Approach to Future

ADRs

63. Alka Tyagi



Research, Modinagar

New Horizons in Pharmaceutical

And Biomedical Sciences-Drug

Discovery and Development

64.

Kamakshi Verma*,

Suryakant Verma,

Vijay Kumar Sharma




Pharmacovigilance of Herbal

Drugs: A New Perspective

65. Suchita Wamankar*,

Anshita Gupta


of Pharmacy, Kumhari (C.G),

India

Nanotechnology Advances for The

Delivery of Neurological

Medicines

66. Lokesh Kumar*, Sahnu


of Pharmacy, Kumhari (C.G),

India.

Physicochemical and In-vitro Anti-

microbial Activity of Polyherbal

Extract Loaded Cream

67. Jatin



Haryana (135001), India.

Role of COX-2 Inhibitors in

Inflammation and Malignancy

68.

Priyanka Kriplani*,

Kumar Guarve

Guru Gobind Singh college of

Pharmacy, Yamunanagar-

135001, Haryana, India

Combination Therapy- A New

Trend

69.

Bhawna Chopra*,

Ashwani K Dhingra


Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-

135001, Haryana, India

Natural Bioactive Molecules: Lead

for the Drug Development

70.

Bhuwanendra Singh,

Poonam Bhardwaj,

Poonam Maurya,

Deeksha Soni

NKBR College of Pharmacy &

Research Centre, Meerut, U.P.,

India., 2Department of

Pharmacy, Bundelkhand

University, Jhansi, India., Shri

Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of

Pharmacy, Datia, India.

Significance of Natural Pest

Control Agents

71.

Ankita Kishore*,

Poonam Maurya,

Devender Sharma

Anand college of Pharmacy,

Keetham, Agra, U.P., India.

Department of Pharmacy,

Bundelkhand University, Jhansi,

U.P., India, Lovely professional

university, Punjab, India.

Nimesulide: As a Ban Drug and

It’s Market in India

72.

Deeksha Soni*,

Poonam Maurya,

Bhuwanendra Singh


of Pharmacy, Datia, M.P., India,



U.P., India, NKBR College of

Pharmacy & Research Centre,

Meerut, UP, India

Nanosuspension: A Technique for

Solubility Enhancement

73.

Poonam Maurya*,

Deeksha Soni,

Bhuwanendra Singh,

Ankita Kishore



India., Shri Rawatpura Sarkar

Institute of Pharmacy, Datia,

India, NKBR College of

Pharmacy & Research Centre,

Meerut, U.P., India., Anand

College of Pharmacy, Agra,

U.P., India

Herbal Remedies in Treatment of

Rheumatoid Arthritis

74.

Ashutosh Kumar

Yadav*, Reetu, Arun

Garg

1Department of Pharmacology,

K.R. Mangalam University,

Sohna road, Gurgaon, India, 2Department of Pharmaceutics,

K.R. Mangalam University,

Sohna road, Gurgaon, India.

Role of [10]- Gingerol in Diabetes

Induced by Streptozotocin and

High-Fat Diet.

75.

Reetu Yadav*,

Ashutosh Yadav

K. R. Mangalam University,

Sohna Road, Gurugram,

Haryana, India.

Cocrystallization: An Approach to

Get Better Solubility and Better

Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble

Drugs

76.

Suraj Mandal,

Bhuwanendra Singh,

Km Shiva, Suhail

Malik.

NKBR College of Pharmacy &

Research Centre, Meerut, U.P.,

India.

A Review on Marketed Dengue

Supplements

77.

Mukund Lata Bharti.




Impact of Nanotechnology on Drug

Delivery Mukund Lata Bharti

78.

Usha Rani, Manvender

Singh and Krishan

Kumar Selwal

Department of Biotechnology,


Engineering & Technology,

Maharshi Dayanand University,

Rohtak, Haryana, India,

Department of Biotechnology,

DCR University of Science &

Technology, Murthal (Sonipat),

Haryana, India.

Pharmacological Analysis of Plant

Extracts Supplementation on

Oxidative Stress Parameters in

Drosophila Melanogaster

79. Vanshika*, Abhishek

Dabra


Pharmacy; Yamunanagar,

Haryana, India.

The Convergence of Stem Cell

Technologies and Phenotypic Drug

Discovery

80.

Sonali*, Abhishek

Dabra



Haryana, India.

Cancer Cell Fusion: A Potential

Target to Tackle Drug-Resistant

and Metastatic Cancer Cells

81.

Geeta Deswal


pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar,

Haryana, India.

Quality Audit of Herbal

Fomulations: Todays’ Need

82.

Dr. Vikarmjeet Singh


of Science and Technology,


Molecular Docking Studies of 2-

amiothiazole Derivatives as

Antimicrobial Agents

83. Dr. Manoj Medal


of Science and Technology,


Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives

as Antimicrobial Candidates

84.

Rohit*, Harshit Garg,

Kapil Kumar and

Parveen Kumar

Shri Ram college of Pharmacy,

Indri Road, Ramba, Karnal,

India.

Hypertension: A Risk Factor for

Future

85. Priyanka Bindlish



Haryana, India.

Herbal Cosmetics: A New

Perspective

86.

Deepak Singla*,

Abhishek Dabra



Haryana, India.

Osmotic Drug Delivery System

87. Etisha Goel



Haryana, India

Emergence of Co-processed

Excipient as a Boon for

Pharmaceutical Sector

88. Isha Rani*, Anju Goya

1MM School of Pharmacy, MM

University-Sadopur, (Ambala)

Haryana-India 2Chitkara College of Pharmacy,

Chitkara University, Rajpura,

Punjab-India.

Morpholino-Pyrimidine

Derivatives as Novel Class of

Kinase Inhibitor-A Review

89.

Usha Rani*,

Manvender Singh and

Krishan Kumar Selwal

1Department of Biotechnology,


Engineering & Technology,

Maharshi Dayanand University,

Rohtak, Haryana, India 2Department of Biotechnology,

DCR University of Science &

Technology, Murthal (Sonipat),

Haryana, India

Pharmacological Analysis of Plant

Extracts Supplementation on

Oxidative Stress Parameters in

Drosophila melanogaster

90. Sakshi Bhardwaj, Amit

Kumar Das

Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, 12/1, Chikka

Bellandur, Carmelaram Post,

Varthur Hobli, Bangalore

560035, Karnataka. India.

Synthesis of Some Novel Piperine

Analogues As Antitubercular

Agent: In Silico Approach

91.

Yogita Chowdhary, Nisha

Tomar, Qurratul Ain,

Shabnam Ain, Shilpa M,

Babita Kumar

Sanskar College of Pharmacy & Research, Jindal Nagar, Ghaziabad, India.

Fluoro-quinolone derivative:

Moxifloxacin Eye drops

Formulation for treating bacterial

and fungal infection.

PRB, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, OCTOBER 23, 2019

(Conference Proceedings are also available online at www.eduspread.com)

International Conference on New Horizons in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences organized by

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana

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Daidzein Effect on Parkinson Disease in Rats

Nidhi Tyagi

Shri Venkateshwara University, Gajraula, India.

Abstract: Parkinson infection is a neurodegenerative issue portrayed by the cardinal

manifestations of solidness, resting tremor, gradualness (bradykinesia) and decrease of

development (hypokinesia). It is a maturing populace and in spite of the fact that there have been

a few significant leaps forward as far as the treatment of this crippling illness, for example, drugs

levodopa, dopamine [DA] agonists, anticholinergic and medical procedure. Parkinson's ailment

is interminable, dynamic, neurodegenerative confusion with an expected pervasiveness of 31 to

328 per100, 000 individuals around the world. It is evaluated that more than 1 percent of the

populace over age 65 are burdened with Parkinson's infection, occurrence and pervasiveness

increment with age. So the point of the investigation to assess the impact of daidzein on

parkinson sickness instigated by reserpine model in rodents. Reserpine is the antihypertensive

specialist, incites consumption of focal catecholamines stores. Infusion of reserpine in rodents

causes hypokinesia, unbending nature, tremors, and idleness. Cell reinforcements assume a

fundamental job in the avoidance or treatment of Parkinson infection, Daidzein is a cancer

prevention agent that extinguishes the free radicals. Parkinson was assessed by social tests, for

example, rota street test. Estimation of psychological debilitation was finished by different

biochemical estimations to be specific Lipid peroxides (in cerebrum), Protein estimation utilizing

Folin's reagent and Brain decreased glutathione estimation. Every one of the outcomes were then

contrasted with the standard medication carbidopa+Levodopa (30mg/kg).

Keywords: Daidzein, Reserpine, Carbidopa+Levodopa, Parkinson.





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Inflammation: The Silent Killer behind various Deadly Disorders

Ashwani Kumar*, Bhawna Chopra.

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar-135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Inflammation is the body's first protective attempt against various harmful

stimuli/infection. However, when it goes awry, it seems to produce quite serious events such as

heart attacks, rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's, and colon cancer. One emerging factor is a

naturally occurring chemical substance in the liver C-reactive protein (CRP) which released into

the bloodstream in the presence of acute or chronic inflammation. High levels of this substance

may explain the possible reason behind the development of heart disease in the people with low

cholesterol level. Normally, there is no CRP in the blood, but a variety of infections, tissue

injuries, and diseases like pneumococcal pneumonia, rheumatoid arthritis, heart attacks, and

cancer are associated with its appearance in the blood. It may also be present late in pregnancy

and in women taking oral contraceptives. The role of CRP as a contributor to cardiovascular

ailments fits adequately to understand the central role of inflammation at every stage of

atherosclerotic disease, from plaque formation in arteries to the rupture of those plaques, which

can precipitate a heart attack or stroke. However, the excessive and long-lasting manifestation of

inflammatory mediators can be harmful for the host e.g. erroneous regulation of NF-κB can lead

to life-threatening ailments like septic shock, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.

Keywords: Inflammation, Rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's, Cancer, CRP.





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Nanogel for Delivery of Antimicrobial Agent

Alok Pratap Singh1*, Praveen K. Gaur

1, G. Gnanarajan

2

1I.T.S College of Pharmacy, Delhi Meerut Highway, Murad Nagar, Ghaziabad, U.P,

India.

2Shri Guru Ram Rai University, Dehradun, U.K, India.

Abstract: Nanogels are the gel containing submicron particles like polymeric nanoparticles,

Solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes and nanostructured lipid carriers etc. Because of the

incorporation of these particles in gels they have advantages of both nanoparticle as well as gels.

So they are very popular dosage forms. Amongst the abovementioned carriers, nano structured

lipid carriers (NLCs) are submicron lipid particles with unstructured matrix, which is devoid of

drug expulsion problem of its predecessor Solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN).Unstructuring the lipid

matrix is essential tool for preventing drug expulsion. They are replacing their predecessor SLN

not only from Research publication area but also emerging as an excellent alternative to various

available lipid particles. Occlusive nature of lipids used and the desired release profile make

them a good carrier for dermal route and effective tool for targeting various layer of skin owing

to their particle size. In the present study we have incorporated an antimicrobial agent in lipid

that is nano structured lipid carriers loaded with antimicrobial agent and prepared

nanosuspension will be incorporated in gels to convert it into gels so that it will be easily

applicable. The gels will be evaluated for antimicrobial and rheology studies.

Keywords: Nanogel, Nano structured lipid carrier, Occlusive.





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Development of Anti-virulence Therapeutics Targeting Bacterial Infections

Snigdha Bhardwaj*, Sonam Bhatia

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shalom Institute of Health and Allied Sciences,

SHUATS, Prayagraj, U.P, India.

Abstract: Anti-virulence drugs are a new type of therapeutic drug that target virulence factors,

potentially revitalizing the drug-development pipeline with new targets. These agents can

circumvent antibiotic resistance by disarming pathogens of virulence factors that facilitate

human disease while leaving microbial growth pathways, the target of traditional antibiotics,

intact. Either as stand-alone medications or together in combination with antibiotics, these drugs

are intended to treat microbial infections in a largely pathogen-specific manner. The present

study involves the designing & development of anti-virulence agent based formulation against

gram negative bacteria. Accordingly, we first identify putative anti-virulence therapeutic agent

effective against gram negative bacteria using computer-aided drug design methods followed by

primary screening. The development and evaluation of formulation based on one of the selected

potential anti-virulence agents (post screening) is done in combination with commercially

available antifungal agents to prevent development of resistance against bacterial infections.

Keywords: Anti-virulence, Gram negative bacteria, Computer aided drug design, Resistance.





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Synthesis and antimicrobial evaluation of 3-[4-(2-amino-6-(substituted-phenyl)-pyrimidin-

4-yl)-phenylimino]-1, 3-dihydroindol-2-one derivatives

1*Ramesh Kumar and

1Mahesh Kumar

1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak-124001

Abstract: In the present study, 3-[4-(2-amino-6-(substituted-phenyl)-pyrimidin-4-yl)-

phenylimino]-1, 3-dihydroindol-2-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their

antimicrobial activity. In the first step, isatin was reacted with 4-aminoacetophenone in ethanol

to give Schiff base (3-(4-acetylphenylimino)-1, 3-dihydroindol-2-one). This on further reaction

with different aromatic aldehyde resulted in synthesis of chalcones derivatives of isatin. In the

subsequent step, reaction of chalcones with guanidine hydrochloride yielded 3-[4-(2-amino-6-

(substituted-phenyl)-pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenylimino]-1, 3-dihydroindol-2-one derivatives

(pyrimidine derivatives). The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by IR and

1HNMR spectral data. Further, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial

activity against S. aureus, B. subtilis - gram positive and P. aeruginosa, E. coli - gram negative

bacteria and C. albican and A. niger fungal strains. Ciprofloaxacin and fluconazole were taken as

standard drug for antibacterial and antifungal activity, respectively. The result of antimicrobial

activity demonstrated that compound 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10 were most active derivative.

Key words: Isatin derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives, antimicrobial activity





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Method Development for the Estimation of Degradation Product of Sodium

Benzoate in Food Samples by Using Uv-Spectroscopy & HPLC.

Shefali Mehla

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Objective of present study is to method development for the estimation of degradation

product of benzoic acid in food samples by Using UV-Spectroscopy & HPLC.The

spectrophotometric method is simple, rapid, accurate, precise, and economical. We check the

solubility of the Sodium benzoate in water, methanol, acetronitrile, chloroform and ether.

Prepare the calibration curve of benzoic acid and benzene in water and water: methanol (50:50 %

v/v). The Sodium benzoate and benzene shows higher absorbance in water: methanol (50:50 %

v/v) at 221 nm and 248 nm respectively, so absorbance was measured at the same wave lengths

for the estimation of Sodium benzoate and benzene. Spectroscopic separation has been done by

Shimadzu-1700 with UV-Probe 2.31 version. A reversed phase HPLC method that allows the

separation and simultaneous determination of the preservatives and their degradation product,

sodium benzoate and benzene is described. The separations were affected by using initially

mobile phase of water: Methanol (50:50 %v/v) the peak shows tailing and long run time then we

change the mobile phase composition (30:70) on sunfire C18 (250 X 4.6 ) mm 5µm. Dual

wavelength was set at 210 nm and 254 nm. Flow rate 1.0 mL/min. ambient temperature and

injection volume 20 µL. Under these conditions, separation of the two components was achieved

in less than 8.0 min. The drugs obey the Lambert Beer’s law in the concentration range of 2-14

µg/mL and 100-600 µg/mL for sodium benzoate and benzene. Sodium benzoate soluble in

methanol (95%), chloroform and water. The R2 value of Sodium benzoate and benzene in water

was found to be 0.998 and 0.997, in water: methanol (50:50 % v/v) 0.999 and 0.999. The LOQ of

benzene and Sodium benzoate is 1 ppm and 250 ppb.

Keywords: Sodium benzoate, Benzoic acid, Benzene, UV, HPLC.





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Method Development for the Estimation of Degradation Products of Methyl,

Ethyl & Propyl parabens in Pharamceuticals by using UV-Spectroscopy &

HPLC.

Lalit Singh

Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, India.

Abstract: Preservatives are substances that commonly added to various foods and

pharmaceutical products in order to prolong their shelf life, efficacy and to prevent the

proliferation of pathogenic microorganism. Due to their wide use in pharmaceutical preparations

and unavailability of a suitable method for the estimation of their degradation products, we aim

to develop a method for their estimation. The solubility of the methyl, ethyl and propyl parabens

was checked in water, methanol, acetronitrile, chloroform and ether. Then, we prepare the

calibration curve of PHBA methyl, ethyl and propyl parabens in water and water: methanol

(50:50 % v/v). The PHBA, methyl, ethyl and propyl parabens showed higher absorbtivity in

water: methanol (50:50 % v/v) at 247 nm and 255 nm respectively, so absorbance was measured

at the same wavelengths for the estimation of PHBA methyl, ethyl & propyl parabens.

Spectroscopic separation has been achieved by using Shimadzu-1700 with UV-Probe 2.31

version. The separations were effected initially by using water: methanol (50:50 %v/v) mobile

phase. Peak fronting, tailing and long run time was observed. The mobile phase composition was

changed (30:70) on sunfire C18 column (250 X 4.6 mm, 5µm); detector wavelength was set at

254 nm, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min at ambient temperature and injection volume is 20 µL. Under

these conditions, separation of the four components was achieved in less than 10.0 min. The

drugs obey the Lambert Beer’s law in the concentration range of 2-10 µg/mL for PHBA and

parabens.

Keywords: Methyl paraben, Ethyl paraben, Propyl paraben, p-hydroxy benzoic acid.





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Herbal Medicines used in the Treatment of Acne

Kuldeep Kumar Sahu

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

Abstract: Acne is an infectious disease and one of the most prevalent human diseases. Several

cause of acne is microbial infection, fungal infection; change in immune system, inflammation.

Acne is usually seen on the face, upper part of the chest, and the back of subjects who possess

greater numbers of oil glands. There are various treatments available for acne. Mainly two

approaches commonly used are allopathic and herbal approaches. The aim of study of herbal

treatment is to provide safe, efficacious and economical medicines so that people from both

developing and developed nations can utilize them. Allopathic treatment has numerous side

effects like headache, sedative effect, aggression, swelling motion sickness. Furthermore herbal

approaches have less side effects, it can be take long time for treat but due to their less side effect

this system is on demand now a days. Herbal medicine cleans the toxic substances from whole

body.Many Herbal medicines have multi property like anti microbial, anti inflammatory, anti

infectious, anti septic, anti viral and bactericidal properties. So it can use in many type of acne as

well as different type of skin disease. With this study it is concluded that to avoid the side effects

of allopathic drugs herbal plans and there different parts are used to improve the treatment

because several plant have properties to treat the multiple cause of skin disease.

Keywords: Herbal medicine, Toxic, Anti-microbial, Inflammation.





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UV Spectrophotometric Method for Characterization of the Curcumin: In-

vitro Application in Oral Delivery

Jai Bharti Sharma1*, Shailendra Bhatt

1, Vipin Saini

2

1Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.

2 Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India.

Abstract: Curcumin is a yellow pigment obtained from the dried rhizomes of Curcuma longa L.

(turmeric). In various researches, it was found that curcumin and its analogs work in the most of

aspects of diabetes, including hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, auto oxidation of glucose,

pancreatic islet regeneration and enhanced insulin synthesis and secretion. The aqueous

solubility and systemic bioavailability of curcumin is low. The in-vitro release studies curcumin

will be carried out using an appropriate solvent system. Apparent solubility was determined in

phosphate buffer 6.8, phosphate buffer pH 7.4, 0.1 N HCl using shake flask methods. The results

from solubility studies showed that curcumin has low solubility in the buffer systems and

maximum solubility observed in phosphate buffer pH 7.4. Further the method was developed

using phosphate buffer 7.4 with 1% tween 80 and validated for further studies. The λmax was

observed at 421 nm. The linearity range of curcumin was 5-30 μg/ml with correlation coefficient

(R2) 0.9992. The % RSD of intraday and inter day precision was found within the range. The

accuracy was found within the range of 99.3-102.6 %. The LOD and LOQ were 0.0205-0.0356

μg/ml and 0.062-0.108 μg/ml respectively. The robustness was observed from100.4-103.8 %.

The developed method was found to be accurate, simple and reliable.

Keywords: Curcumin, UV spectroscopic study, low solubility.





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Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Some Novel Nitrogen Containing Small

Heterocyclic Derivatives

Gagandeep Kaur

MM School of Pharmacy, MMU Sadopur , Ambala, India.

Abstract: The paper describes the synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some

derivatives containing thiazolidinedione and aminobenzothiazole. Titled derivatives 4a-4y have

been prepared by the condensation of chlorosulphonyl-benzylidine 2, 4-thiazolidinedione with

thiadiazole derivatives formed by the reaction of aromatic acid and thiosemicarbazide. The

completion of the reaction was confirmed by TLC and the structures of the derivatives were

characterized by the analytical techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, mass

spectroscopy. The synthesized derivatives were characterized by using various spectroscopic

techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR, mass spectroscopy. All the compounds were

found to be homogeneous on TLC. All newly synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their

antimicrobial activity using serial dilution method and disc diffusion technique. Analgesic

activity was performed employing acetic acid writhing and tail immersion tests. Anti-

inflammatory action was measured by paw edema method and lastly alloxan induced diabetes

and oral glucose tolerance tests were done to evaluate for the anti diabetic profile of the

synthesized derivatives. Furthermore, docking of the compounds was done using V Life MDS

software. Dock score of the test compounds was in good correlation with the pharmacological

activity results. Test compounds showed good similarity with respect to the standard drugs. The

electron withdrawing substituents added on the core structure were more potent inhibitors than

others.

Keywords: Thiazolidinedione, Aminobenzothiazole, Antidiabetic





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Oral Disintegrating Films: A Novel Drug Delivery Approach

Virender*, Kush Arora, Yatin Narang, Rohit Sharma

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar -135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: From the past few years, approaches toward innovative drug delivery systems have

majorly increased attempts to ensure efficacy, safety and acceptability for the patients. Now a

day’s, trends are shifting toward designing and developing novel drug delivery systems for

existing drugs. Out of those, drug delivery system being very popular is orally disintegrating

films (ODFs). Orally disintegrating films have excellence over fast disintegrating tablets as the

latter are associated with the risks of choking and friability. Various methods are employed for

formulating ODFs among which solvent casting and spraying methods are frequently used.

Commonly, hydrophilic polymers with other excipients are used for preparing ODFs which

permit films to disintegrate quickly and release incorporated active pharmaceutical ingredient

(API) within few seconds. ODFs are designed to dissolve when comes in contact with wet

surface like tongue, within in a very short time, means the consumer can take the product without

additional liquid. In this drug is directly absorbed into systemic circulation so degradation in

gastrointestinal tract and its first pass effect can be bypassed. These features make this

formulation most popular and acceptable among pediatric and geriatric patients and patients with

fear of choking and dysphagia. Over-the-counter films for pain management and motion sickness

are commercialized in the markets. Many companies are utilizing transdermal drug delivery

technology to develop thin film systems. Orally disintegrating films have potential for business

and market exploitation because of their innumerable benefits over orally disintegrating tablets

Keywords: Fast Dissolving Films, Oral Mucosa, Permeability, Solvent Casting, Disintegration.





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Experimental Outcomes of Poly-Herbal Hydro-Gel for the Treatment of

Leucoderma

Tilotma Sahu

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chattisgarh, India.

Abstract: Leucoderma is an autoimmune disease in which partial or complete loss of

melanocytes from patches of skin which is necessary for the production of skin colour. Various

natural herbal treatments are available in Ayurveda. Some of the plants used are Picrorhiza

kurroa, Psoralea corylifolias , Zingiber officinale which is an herbal remedy and traditional

healing system of India. The aim of the study was to explore the experimental outcomes of poly-

herbal hydro-gel containing Ocimum tenuiflorum extract, Picrorhiza kurroa extract, Psoralea

corylifolias extract and Zingiber officinale extract. The hydro-gel formulation was designed by

using carbapol 940, extracts of different herbal plants and other additives like methyl paraben,

propyl paraben. Hydro-gel was prepared by using different ratios of extracts, additives and

carbopol. Total four hydro-gel formulations i.e. F1, F2, F3 and F4 were prepared and

comparatively evaluated for their better effectiveness. The evaluation parameters and

Phytochemical screening of Psoralea Corylifolia extract were done. Results of different tests of

hydro-gel showed that the formulations could be used topically without any risk of harmful

agents; there is a growing demand for herbal formulation due to its low cost, ease to use and

considered to be free from risk of handling. This hydro-gel could be an effective monotherapy

for small white lesions of leucoderma.

Keywords: Picrorhiza kurroa, Psoralea corylifolias , Zingiber officinale, Hydrogel.





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Indian Herbal Plants for the Treatment of Cancer

Ayush Singh Thakur

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

Abstract: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Although great advancements

have been made in the treatment and control of cancer progression, significant deficiencies and

room for improvement remain. Ayurveda originated in India more than 5000 years ago and

recommends a number of herbs for preventing cancer and there is a growing body of scientific

studies that backs this ancient knowledge of various herbs on people with cancer. Some remedies

have been shown to reduce side effects of cancer treatment. They are produced from all parts of a

plant including the roots, leaves, berries and flowers. Our study is to find out of the most

effective herbs present in our India which will be profitable for Indian people. Study found that

Indian herbs may contain active ingredients that can cause chemical changes in the body and

treat the cancerous cell also balance auto-immune system which is responsible for cancer

disease. Here are some common herbs which are proven to have anti-cancer properties like amla,

garlic, turmeric, ashwagandha, holi basil, ginger. Other than these common herbs, many

medicinal plants are also available for example Colchicum, Birch, Marijuana, Yew, periwinkle

have properties to treat cancer disease.

Keywords: Cancer, Herbs, Anti-cancer.





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Nanorobots: Approach to Medical Applications

Preetpal Singh*, Sumanyu


Abstract: Nanotechnology defined as a description of activities at the level of atoms and

molecules that have applications in the real world. Nanorobotics is an emerging field of

significant potential to yield a new generation of technologically advanced clinical tools and

devices for the betterment of humans. These are designed to perform specific tasks at the

nanoscale dimension of few nanometers i.e. 1 nm = 10-9 meter. Nanorobots consist of passive or

active nanoscale structures that are capable of sensing, actuation, information processing, and

signaling etc. In biomedicine, this technology brings a great boom, for the treatment of cancer,

cerebral Aneurysm, removal of kidney stones, elimination of defected parts in the DNA

structure, to save human lives. The nanorobots like respirocytes, microbivores and clottocytes

are used to act as artificial substitutes of blood. The combination of nanotechnology, photo-

lithography and new biomaterials, can be used for designing technology to develop nanorobots

for medical applications such as diagnosis and drug delivery. Nanorobots for drug delivery,

deliver the drug directly to a target location, becoming active only after reaching the target so

that other body parts will not be affected. Nanorobotics is a field under continuous development,

not a lot of experimental work has been done in this because of a major problem of construction

of these devices but some molecular machines have been tested. In future with further research

and development, more treatments will be discovered and many diseases that do not have cures

today may be cured by nanorobotics.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Nanorobotics, Respirocytes, Microbivores, Clottocytes.





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Nanodiamonds- An Innovative Approach

Muskaan, Namita*, Afeefa, Kajal

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Nano materials have immense potential and are an attractive field of study for many

researchers. Among the carbon nanomaterials, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds and

graphene have been studied extensively. Diamond nanoparticles commonly called as

nanodiamonds with a size below 1µm. Diamond has been a highly praised ornament used from

ancient times. Their use in biomedicine has been significantly increasing in a wide spectrum of

applications including, orthopedic engineering, the synthesis of contact lenses, nanoscale

magnetic resonance imaging cancer therapy. They are also used as co-adjuvants, stimulating the

pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. Recently, we face a great variety of

medical conditions, including cancer or diabetes mellitus, which are being treated using antibody

transfer. In these cases, they could be used as platform to not only deliver the antibodies but also

to enhance host immune response. They are also used in different areas of microbiology and

infectious diseases, due to their small size, high bounding properties, and low cytotoxicity.

Nanodiamonds also have an intrinsic bactericidal activity as showed that the viability of E.coli is

nearly 100% compromised after only 15 minutes post exposure to nanodiamonds. Interestingly,

it was demonstrated that there is a direct correlation between the oxygen levels and the bacterial

death, revealing that the strong bactericidal activity was the consequence of ND’s containing

partially oxidized. The present article covers the currents trend and applications of

nanodiamonds in different fields.

Keywords: Nanodiamonds, Orthopedic Engineering, Nano Magnetic Resonance.





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An Innovative and Neoteric Technology (Microsponges): A Mini Review

Anjali Sharma1,2

*, Kumar Guarve2, Ranjit Singh

1

1Shobhit University, Gangoh (Uttar Pradesh)

2Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna nagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: As we all know that now a day’s Microparticulate Drug Delivery is in great demand

for the transfer of active drug into the skin. Microsponges are basically tiny porous and

polymeric microspheres that are designed to deliver the active pharmaceutical ingredient

efficiently with the minimum dose, with decrease level of side effect, enhanced stability and also

to modify drug release from the formulation. Microsponges enclosed drug in them and releases

the incorporated drug from the formulations like gels, creams, lotions etc on the basis of time

mode and also in response to change in external stimuli like PH, temperature and rubbing.

During the formulation of microsponges it is very important to characterize them so that their

release and permeation profiles can be analyzed. The present review article focuses on the

introduction to MDS along with their method of preparation and aims to elaborate the drug

release profile of microsponges from the formulations.

Keywords: Microparticulate System, Permeation Profile, Microsponges.





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To Confine the Pharmacology and Clinical Efficacy of Nasal Spray Delivery

System in the Management of Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis

Minata*, Pranjal Kumar Singh

Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Modinagar, India.

Abstract: Azelastine is mediator of the inflammatory process in vitro and in vivo. Azelastine is

capable of inhibiting both early-phase and late-phase allergic responses in animals and humans.

Adverse effects with azelastine were generally mild or moderate. Azelastine nasal spray,

administered either once or twice daily, was effective in treating the symptoms of seasonal a

novel, investigational, anti-allergy medication that inhibits the generation, release, and/or end-

organ activity of multiple allergic rhinitis or demonstrated a rapid onset of action with duration

of response lasting 12 to 24 hours. Azelastine is a second-generation intranasal antihistamine

available in the US for treatment of both seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) and non-allergic

vasomotor rhinitis (VMR). Allergic rhinitis is a common disease with increasing prevalence and

high impact on economic burden and comorbidities. As treatment with pharmacological drugs is

not always satisfactory due to side effects and incomplete efficacy, alternative treatment

strategies are needed. Nasal spray and eye drops containing ectoine are promising new treatment

regimens for allergic rhinitis sufferers. In studies of seasonal allergic rhinitis, Azelastine was as

effective as oral terfenadine at reducing symptoms such as rhinorrhoea, nasal irritation and

sneezing. Similar results were observed in patients with perennial allergic rhinitins. Most of the

adverse effects occur in the nose. They include stinging, itching, sneezing and epistaxis. Some

patients will develop an altered taste sensation and possibly nausea.

Keywords: Seasonal Allergic, Antihistamine, Non-allergic.





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Good Pharmacovigilance Practices

Amit Ojha*, Suryakant Verma, Vijay Kumar Sharma

Dr. K.N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Modinagar, India.

Abstract: The assessment of spontaneous reports is most effective it is conducted within a

defined and rigorous process. The framework for good pharmacovigilance process (GPVP) is

proposed as a subset of good postmarketing surveillance process (GPMSP), a functional

structure for both a public health and corporate risk management strategy. GPVP has good

practices that implement each step within a defined process. These practices are designed to

efficiently and effectively detect and alert the drug safety professional to new and potentially

important information on drug-associated adverse reactions. These practices are enabled by

applied technology designed specifically for the review and assessment of spontaneous

reports.Specific practices include rules-based triage, active query prompts for severe organ

insults, contextual single case evaluation, statistical proportionality and correlational checks,

case-series analyses, and templates for signal work-up and interpretation. These practices and the

overall GPVP are supported by state-of the-art web-based systems with powerful analytical

engines, workflow and audit trials to allow validated systems support for valid drug safety

signaling efforts. It is also important to understand that a process has a defined set of steps and

any one cannot stand independently. Specifically, advanced use of technical alerting methods in

isolation can mislead and allow one to misunderstand priorities and relative value. In the end,

pharmacovigilance is a clinical art and a component process to the science of

pharmacoepidemiology and risk management.

Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Triage, Postmarketing, Pharmacoepidemiology.





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Phytosterols: An Overview

Sachan Kapil*, Singh Pranjal Kumar, Sharma Vijay Kumar

Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Ghaziabad, India.

Abstract: Phytosterols are steroid compounds present in plants which are similar to cholesterol

in structure and functions. The most common phytosterols are β-sitosterol, campesterol and

stigmasterol. Several animal and human studies show that phytosterols lower plasma total and

LDL-cholesterol levels. The cholesterol-lowering effect of phytosterols is due to direct inhibition

of cholesterol absorption, through displacement of cholesterol from mixed micelles. Saturated

phytosterols (stanols) are found to be more efficient in lowering cholesterol levels than sterols

(unsaturated). Phytosterols are structurally very similar to cholesterol except that they always

contain some substitutions at the C24 position on the sterol side chain. Plasma phytosterol levels

in mammalian tissues are normally very low due to poor absorption from the intestine and faster

excretion from the liver compared to cholesterol. Phytosterols may produce health benefits in

animals/humans such as reduction of cholesterol levels with decreased risk of coronary heart

diseases, anti-inflammatory activities, and induction of apoptosis in cancer cells, disease

prevention and treatment. Phytosterols and their derivatives have several biological activities

which promote the health of man and animals, so their consumption should be encouraged in the

population.

Keywords: β-sitosterol, Cholesterol Absorption, Apoptosis.





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Formulation Development and Characterization of Matrix Coated Sustained

Release Tablet on Bosentan

Mukesh Kumar*, Vijay Kumar Sharma

Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar, India.

Abstract: Matrix tablets is an important tool for extended - release dosage forms. Extended

drug delivery is delivery of drug at a rate or at a location determined by needs of body or disease

state over a specified period of time. One of the most common approaches used for prolonging

and sustained the rate of drug release is to incorporate a dug in hydrophilic colloid matrix such

as beta-cyclodextrin hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), eudragit Rs100, ethylcellulose,

cellulose acetate hydrogen phthalate, guar-gum, microcrystalline cellulose. Recently much

emphasis is being laid on the development of matrix sustained formulations such as matrix

tablets. Pre-formulation studies revealed the purity of the drug. UV-spectrophotometric analysis

of drug in distilled water, Methanol, Tears and phosphate buffer pH 7.4 revealed the suitability

of the standard curve for further calculation. FTIR analysis revealed that there are no potential

chemical interaction between the drug and the polymers. Drug release at 7 hrs was found to be at

the range of 15.727% - 29.524% in all formulations. In DSC study the drug and polymers

(Bosentan, β-cyclodextrin, HPMC, CAHP, and Ethylcellulose) peaks were found to be at the

ranges of 107.476, 97.476, (65.912 and 274.914), (62.010 and 213.463, 115.268.

Keywords: Bosentan, Sustained Release, Matrix.





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A Review on Pathogenesis of Peptic Ulcer with Recent Clinical and Diagnostic

Aspects

Pranjal Kumar Singh*, T. S. Easwari

IIMT College of Medical Sciences, IIMT University, Meerut, UP, India.

Abstract: Peptic ulcer is an acid related disorder of gastrointestinal tract. A peptic ulcer is a sore

on the lining of the stomach or duodenum. The two most common types of peptic ulcer are called

“gastric ulcers” and “duodenal ulcers”. Occasionally, ulcers develop in the esophagus, jejunum,

ileum, or colon. There are three common forms of peptic ulcers, Helicobacter pylori associated,

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug induced, and stress ulcers. Peptic ulcers are also caused by

Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES), radiation, chemotherapy, and vascular insufficiency. The

most common presenting symptom of peptic ulcer disease is epigastric pain, which may be

associated with dyspepsia, bloating, abdominal fullness, nausea, or early satiety. Epigastric pain

is the most common symptom of both gastric and duodenal ulcers, characterized by a gnawing or

burning sensation and that occurs after meals, shortly after meals with gastric ulcers and 2-3

hours afterward with duodenal ulcers. The process used for the treatment of ulcers is to decrease

the amount of acid that your stomach produces, to neutralize the acid that is prepared and to

protect the injured area so it can have time to heal.

Keywords: Peptic ulcer, Helicobacter Pylori, Zollinger-ellison Syndrome.





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Triazole and Phthalazine Play as a Key Intermediate in Synthetic Chemistry

Smita Singh1*, Nitin Kumar

2, Vijay Kumar Sharma

1 1 Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar, India.

2Sushant School of Health Science, Ansal University, Gurugram, India.

Abstract: Among a large variety of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds like triazole

and phthalazine has received considerable attention because of their pharmacological properties

and clinical applications. Therefore, a number of methods have been reported for the synthesis of

phthalazine derivatives. Phthalazine (2, 3 benzodiazine) systems are widely used in organic

chemistry as intermediates for the synthesis of numerous compounds. On other hand triazole

refers to the heterocyclic compounds with molecular formula C2H3N3, having a five-membered

ring of two carbon atoms and three nitrogen atoms. There are two sets of isomers that differ in

the relative positions of the three nitrogen atoms. Each of these has two tautomers that differ by

which nitrogen has a hydrogen bonded to it. The aromaticity and electron rich property of

triazole endows it to readily bind with various kinds of enzymes and receptors via weak

interactions such as hydrogen bonds etc. such a great nature make this molecules very different

so it widely employed in various field. New active molecules based on 1, 2, 3-triazoles also has

been found as novel therapeutic agents when incorporated with benzothiazinone or 2, 3

benzodiazine. Both in combined form provide a wide range of therapeutic agent and introduce a

new path for researcher.

Keywords: Triazole, Phthalazine, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant activity, Vasorelaxant

activity, Antimicrobial, Anti-cancer.





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Design and Characterisation of Gentamicin Floating Microspheres as

Potential Drug Carrier for the Treatment of Intra-Abdominal Infection

Suryakant Verma1*, V. K. Shukla

2

1 Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Modinagar, India.

2 Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Campus, Noida, India.

Abstract: The aim of present study involves preparation and characterization of floating

microspheres using Gentamicin as a model drug to increase the residence time in the stomach

without contact with the mucosa, Floating microspheres were prepared by the capillary extrusion

technique using chitosan as polymer and sodium lauryl sulphate, sodium tripolyphosphate as

cross linking agent. The surface morphology of the prepared microspheres was characterized by

the optical microscopic and SEM method. The effect of the stirring rate during preparation,

polymer concentration and cross linking concentration on the percent yield, in vitro floating

behavior, and physical state of the incorporated drug, drug loading and in-vitro drug release were

studied. The prepared microspheres exhibited prolonged drug release (12 h) and remained

buoyant for more than 11 h. The microspheres were found to be regular in shape and highly

porous. The Gentamicin release rate was higher in the case of microspheres prepared at a higher

agitation speed and decreased with increasing the polymer and cross linking agent concentration.

All formulations demonstrated favorable in vitro floating characteristics. The drug entrapment

increased from 65.20 to 95.40% with increasing polymer to drug ratio. Diffusion was found to be

the main release mechanism. No significant change was observed in swelling ratio, % drug

content, buoyancy lag time or in vitro dissolution pattern after storage at accelerated stability

condition for six months. Thus, the prepared floating microspheres may prove to be potential

candidates for multiple-unit delivery devices adaptable to any intragastric conditions.

Keywords: Chitosan, Capillary Extrusion Method, Floating Microspheres, Gentamicin.





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Comparative Antimicrobial Studies on Barks of Ficus Species

Ujjwal Bharti


Abstract: The quality control of crude drugs and herbal formulations is of paramount

importance in justifying their acceptability in modern system of medicine. The present research

work provides an insight to comparative evaluation of bark of three species of ficus namely

Ficus racemosa, Ficus religiosa and Ficus benghalensis. These are important ingredients in

many ayurvedic and traditional formulation. The bark is considered to be very effective in

various treatments, such as diabetes, skin diseases, ulcers and nervous disorders. Therefore a

detailed comparative bioactive evaluation of the three species has been carried out with the aim

to establish the diagnostic keys of these important drugs based on the bioactive parameters like

in-vitro anti-oxidant activity, total phenolic content using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and total

flavonoid content using aluminum chloride colorimetric assay. The bark extracts of three Ficus

species were also evaluated for antibacterial activity.

Keywords: Ficus racemosa, Total Phenolic Content, Total Flavonoid Content, Antioxidant.





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Recent Advances of Drug Delivery System

Muskan Chauhan

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Drug delivery refers to approaches, formulations, technologies, and systems for

transporting a pharmaceutical compound in the body as needed to safely achieve its desired

therapeutic effect. For the treatment of human diseases, nasal and pulmonary routes of drug

delivery are gaining increasing importance. One of the recent drug delivery methods is

transdermal patch. A transdermal patch is a medicated adhesive patch that is placed on the skin

to deliver a specific dose of medication through the skin and into the bloodstream. Often, this

promotes healing to an injured area of the body. The advance of a transdermal drug delivery

route over other types of medication delivery such as oral, topical, intravenous, intramuscular,

etc. is that the patch provides a sustained release of the medication into the patient, consistently

through either a porous membrane covering a reservoir of medication or through body heat

melting thin layers of medication embedded in the adhesive. Some of the example involved these

patches are Nicotine patches, Hormonal patches, Contraceptive patches. There are five main

types of transdermal patches. Single layer drug in adhesive, multilayer, reservoir, matrix, vapor

patch. The main aspect is that the patch is able to offer the user that never has to remember when

he took a pill, wafer, candy or potion. The patch goes to work automatically while the user lives

a normal life, even if they travel a lot, works different shifts, sleeps late or is busy night and day

raising a family. The ingredients are released into the skin over a timed release through

absorption in order to get the desired result.

Keywords: Drug Delivery, Transdermal Patch, Skin.





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Orally disintegrating strips: A novel approach for drug delivery

Sweta Kamboj*1,2

, Rohit Kamboj1, Rohit Dutt

2

1Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.

2School of Medical and Allied Sciences, G.D Goenka University, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Oral drug delivery system is mostly used for the drug administration. However,

throughout the world, pharmaceutical scientists are trying to developing new tools in novel drug

delivery such as oral strips. Oral strips have been declared as a fluctuate approach to the

traditional dosage form. The oral strips are optimistic dosage forms that adhere to the

oral mucosa and release the drug, which shows various pros like the fast onset of action, self-

administration, and bypassing the first-pass effect. The more benefit of this dosage form for

drugs that of BCS class II drugs (poor soluble drugs) and those drugs need to be rapidly

absorbed. The design of systematized oral strips by inclusive knowledge of the pharmaceutical

and pharmacological properties of polymers and drugs along with an auspicious selection of

formulation processes. The present review explores the factor affecting the manufacturing of the

oral strips as well as physiochemical interaction between polymer and API. Besides, it was

possible to identify the therapeutic indications and recent trends to formulate the oral strips.

Keyword: Oral Disintegrants Strips, Polymer, Novel Drug Deivery System.





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Pellet Preparation for Laboratory Animals

Komal

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

Abstract: The laboratory animal has long been favored as an experimental model for nutritional

research because of its moderate size, profligate reproduction, adaptability to diverse diets, and

tractable nature. Today they are indispensable in biomedical research contributing to our

understanding of the functions of genes, the etiology and mechanisms of different diseases, and

the effectiveness and the toxicities of medicines and chemicals. For all the experimental purpose

animal requires good and healthy nutrition. The aim of this study is to understand the nutritional

requirements of laboratory animal in the form of pellets. Pellets are represented as miscellany

which is prepared by mixing of different types of raw materials. Pellets is outlined as miscellany

of fine powders or granules which can be made rice flour , wheat flour ,rye flour, corn flour and

other ingredients which is good for health of laboratory mice. Pellet can also made from drugs

and pharmaceutical excipients. It should contain required amount of protein, carbohydrates, fatty

acids, vitamins and minerals. From this study it can be concluded that animal requires balanced

nutrition for our accurate experimental results and this balanced nutrition can be given by

preparing a controlled release pellets to manage the time of food and nutrition for laboratory

animals. Generally, controlled release pellets are prepared to controlled dissolution process.

Many methods are used for pellet preparation to control the dissolution process.

Keywords: Pellets, Mineral, Protein, Vitamins.





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Intranasal Drug Delivery: A Quick Glance

Deepshi Arora


Abstract: Intranasal drug delivery offers a major opportunity in the area for research –that

covers drugs that are specifically designed and formulated for intranasal treatment, as well as for

interrogating off label uses of already available generic medications. The anatomy of nasal cavity

covers well vascularized mucosal framework that allows the drug molecule to be transferred

quickly across the single epithelial cell layer directly to the systemic blood circulation without

first-pass hepatic and intestinal metabolism. The currently available treatments of CNS therapy

mainly concerns about the systemic delivery of drug to the brain via the oral route and

intravenous injection i.e. (peripheral mode of drug administration). The major setbacks of these

approaches are poor drug accessibility of therapeutic molecules to the brain from the blood that

is associated with reduced therapeutic efficacy, and ultimately greater peripheral side effects.

Considering this as a major drawback, other issues including volume of distribution, protein

binding, first pass metabolism etc. kick started the quest of an alternative route that can

overcomes all these barriers and directly deliver the drug to brain. Also, other common strategies

included surgical intervention and intra cerebro ventricular injection which seems highly

invasive, painful and inconvenient for the patients. Considering all the complexities associated,

various theories suggest that the IN route provides a direct and non-invasive route which by-

passes all the BBB, increases the drug concentration in the brain, reduces the systemic side

effect, painless, patient-friendly and improves the drug performance .Various researchers claim

the IN route, a suitable route for delivery of various therapeutic agents like insulin, piperine,

quercetin, curcumin, H102-peptide, nerve growth factor (NGF), essential fibroblast growth factor

(bFGF), S14G-humanin, oxytocin, melatonin, vitamin B-12 and many more.

Keywords: Intranasal, administration, CNS, BBB, therapeutic.





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New Discovery in the Treatment of Wound Healing

Harsh Sharma

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh, India.

Abstract: There are many therapies available in wound treatment like immunomodulators, gene

management, combination therapy, topical formulations and various drug delivery systems. For

many wounds, the healing process follows an ordered series of events including homeostasis,

inflammation, proliferation/matrix deposition, and remodeling. Aim: The aim of this study is to

dredge up the new techniques of wound healing therapy. Result and discussion: Various types of

treatment found for the wound healing, some of them are incorporation of fluoxetine in

immunomodulator, using broad spectrum antibiotics as loaded into magnesium aluminium layer

double hydroxide. Now new therapy include conventional wound dressings, dressings that

incorporate growth factors to stimulate and facilitate the wound healing process, and skin

substitutes that incorporate patient-derived cells. Conclusion: Apart from many drugs delivery

system and topical formulation of drugs, new treatment, wound dressing are found to be much

effective therapy in wound healing which is made up of hydro-gel and fiber Mets. Materials such

as collagen are often used in wound healing. For instance, collagen sponges can treat burn

injuries, and collagen implants can help bones regenerate.

Keywords: Immunomodulator, Hydrogel, Collagen Inflammation.





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Review on Recent Studies on the Progress of Maslinic Acid and its Synthetic

Derivatives Towards Safe and Effective Therapeutics

Purnima Singh*, Sucheta, Shainda, Rohit pandey

Dr. K.N Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, U.P,

India.

Abstract: Maslinic acid (2,3-dihydroxy olean-12-en-28-oic acid), a natural dihydroxylated

pentacyclic triterpenoid isolated from olive-pressing residues lying in the surface wax on the

fruits and leaves of Olea europoea and the solid waste from olive oil production. It was also

found in Agastache rugose, Lagerstroemia speciose and Geum japonicum plants. Maslinic acid

(MA) has been reported to show antiviral, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anticancer, antimalarial,

antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and antiatherogenic biological activities. Due to

such a large gamut of activities and its natural origin, the preparation of number of synthetic and

semisynthetic derivatives of MA has attracted recent attention. This review covers the research

work done in last ten years towards MA derivatization and exhibition of various biological

activities. This review also compiles the various synthetic techniques like combinatorial and

microbial transformation which were used to produce a large number of MA derivatives showing

therapeutic potency. The complied research data from previous papers reported in this review

generates the future scope of research in synthetic approaches of this potential compound’s

derivatives to be screened for various biological activities.

Keywords: Maslinic acid, biological activities.





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Dengue in India: A Review

Dharamraj Verma*, Tilotma Sahu

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg, Chhattisgarh- 490042, India.

Abstract: Dengue is fast emerging pandemic-prone viral disease in many parts of the world. It is

a mosquito-borne viral infection causing a severe flu-like illness and, sometimes causing a

potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. Symptoms typically begin three to fourteen

days after infection. This may include a high fever, headache, vomiting, muscle and joint pains,

and a characteristic skin rash. The infection causes flu-like illness, and occasionally develops

into a potentially lethal complication called severe dengue. The global incidence of dengue has

grown dramatically in recent decades. About half of the world's population is now at risk.

Dengue is found in tropical and sub-tropical climates worldwide, mostly in urban and semi-urban

areas. Severe dengue is a leading cause of serious illness and death among children in some

Asian and Latin American countries. There is no specific treatment for dengue/ severe dengue,

but early detection and access to proper medical care lowers fatality rates below 1%. There is no

specific treatment. Supportive treatment includes plenty of oral fluids and paracetamol for relief

of fever and body aches and pains. Aspirin and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should not

be used as they can affect blood clotting. Anyone with DHF should be hospitalized for fluid

replacement and observation.

Keywords: Dengue, Viral disease, Current Scenario, Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment.





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Oleanolic Acid and its Derivatives: Bioactive Candidates for Drug Discovery

and Development

Shainda*, Sucheta, Purnima Singh, Rohit Pandey


India.

Abstract: Oleanolic acids along with other phytoconstituents were isolated from various plants

by different researchers. It has been reported as a highly potent compound showing variety of

biological activities. This paper focuses on preparation of large number of synthetic and

semisynthetic derivatives of oleanolic acid which showed wide spectra of biological activities

like gastro protective (ulcer- healing activity), antifeedant, anti-HIV, anti-tumor, antimicrobial,

anti-inflammatory, acetyl cholinesterase, alpha-glucosidase, hepatoprotective, antipruritic,

antiallergic, antiangiogenic and immunomodulatory activities. Being a natural product and

having well known wide-ranging pharmacological activities charismatic interest of researchers

towards this therapeutic potential molecule and preparation of its derivatives since last 10 years

has significantly increased. This review amalgamates all recent reports on the biological effects

of oleanolic acid from different plant sources and its synthetic derivatives. This review suggests

that oleanolic acid and its derivatives are upcoming potential candidates for drug discovery in

various chronic diseases especially in tuberculosis.

Keywords: Oleanolic Acid, Biological Activities.





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Tailor Made Drug Design and Mystic Effects of Betulinic Acid Derivatives

Rohit Pandey*, Sucheta, Shainda, Purnima Singh

Dr. K.N Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, U.P, India.

Abstract: Betulinic acid (BA) is a type of pentacyclic lupine triterpene acid known for various

biological effects. It is found in numerous species of plants, principally the white birch. It is

isolated by different researchers from the crude drug extract of the leaves of Pentalinon

andrieuxii belonging to family Apocynacae, together with betulinic acid acetate, betulinic acid,

betulinuic acid methyl ester and betulin. A series of novel synthetic and semisynthetic

derivatives of BA have been synthesized using different synthetic techniques and subjected to

various testes and investigated for their therapeutic activities. It has been reported to show

variety of biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, antimicrobial and

especially antitumour activity. BA derivatives have also been reported as potential candidates

used in novel HIV-1 therapies and additional studies were likely to further define the novel

targets of these compounds and elucidate various other potentials. BA derivatives are also known

to possess leiashmanicidal activity. This review integrates all recent reports on the biological

effects of betulinic acid from different plant sources and its synthetic and semisynthetic

derivatives. This review suggests that betulinic acid and its modified candidates are upcoming

potential candidates for various chronic diseases. The observed research data from recent articles

collected through this review generates the future aspect of BA for chemical modification at

specific points to be screened for various biological activities.

Keywords: Betulinic acid, derivatives, biological activities.





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Formulation and In-Vitro Evaluation of Ethylcellulose Expandable Film for

Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery System

Rameshwar Dass1,2

, Meenakshi Bhatia

1, Goutam Rath

3

1Guru Jambheswar University of Science &Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

2Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.

3ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga- 142001, Punjab, India

Abstract: The rationale of this research is to prepare ethylcellulose expandable film using a

hydrophilic drug. The film was further perforated with different concentrations of glutraldehyde

by vapors method. In-vitro release studies from film were carried out in simulated gastric fluid as

dissolution media. The swelling and expandability studies of zig-zag packed in capsule

formulation were performed. The effect of medium on the surface characteristics of film was

resolute by using Scanning Electron Microscopy technique. The bouncy studies of all

formulations were executed in simulated gastric fluid. The outcome established that the film with

ES-100 medium concentration showed a sustained release for 4hrs, apart from drug release

increased to about 75% for 4hrs in the presence of simulated fluid while the imperforated film

released the drug comparatively very low. The release data were most matched with the model

Higuchi with non-Fickian release kinetics. The film with perforations showed hopeful

expandable gastro-retentive drug delivery approach.

Keywords: Ethylcellulose, Film, Itopride Hydrochloride, Gastro-Retentive Drug Delivery.





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DMARDS: For the Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Himanshu


Abstract: Recent advances in science and technology radically changed the way we detect, treat

and prevent different diseases in all aspects of human life. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a

chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease that affects approximately 0.5 to 1 percent of the adults

worldwide and commonly results in joint destruction and significant impairment in the quality of

life. RA is considered as an autoimmune disease with unknown etiology. RA is usually treated

first with a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). However, current RA treatment

favours early use of slow acting disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs) because

DMARDs have the potential to prevent or reduce joint damage. Therefore, they are used early in

the treatment of RA and usually no later than 3 months after the commencement of NSAID

treatment. DMARDs help preserve joints by blocking inflammation and these drugs are used in

combination also. Without DMARDs, inflammation would slowly destroy joint tissue over the

years to the point where the joint would become misshapen and unusable. The most common

DMARDs are methotrexate, sulfasalazine, hydroxychloroquine, and leflunomide. Less

frequently used medications include gold salts, azathioprine, and cyclosporine. The present

review aims to elucidate the characteristics of RA and type of drugs used in the treatment of RA.

Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, NSAID, DMARDs.





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Nanodiamonds- An Innovative Approach

Muskaan*, Namita, Afeefa, Kajal


Abstract: Nano materials have immense potential and are an attractive field of study for many

researchers. Among the carbon nanomaterials, fullerene, carbon nanotubes, nanodiamonds and

graphene have been studied extensively. Diamond nanoparticles commonly called as

nanodiamonds with a size below 1µm. Diamond has been a highly praised ornament used from

ancient times. Their use in biomedicine has been significantly increasing in a wide spectrum of

applications including, orthopedic engineering, the synthesis of contact lenses, nanoscale

magnetic resonance imaging cancer therapy. They are also used as co-adjuvants, stimulating the

pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory signaling pathways. Recently, we face a great variety of

medical conditions, including cancer or diabetes mellitus, which are being treated using antibody

transfer. In these cases, they could be used as platform to not only deliver the antibodies but also

to enhance host immune response. They are also used in different areas of microbiology and

infectious diseases, due to their small size, high bounding properties, and low cytotoxicity.

Nanodiamonds also have an intrinsic bactericidal activity as showed that the viability of E.coli is

nearly 100% compromised after only 15 minutes post exposure to nanodiamonds. Interestingly,

it was demonstrated that there is a direct correlation between the oxygen levels and the bacterial

death, revealing that the strong bactericidal activity was the consequence of ND’s containing

partially oxidized. The present article covers the currents trend and applications of

nanodiamonds in different fields.

Keywords: Nanodiamonds, Orthopedic Engineering, Nano Magnetic Resonance.





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Nutraceuticals: Current scenario in lifestyle

Kajal Sharma*, Anjana, Diksha Sharma.

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy,Yamuna nagar- 135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Nutraceuticals are bioactive compounds that are derived from natural source and as

well as semi-synthetic means. These are pharmaceutically blended products that have both

nutritional and medicinal value. Frequency of these products use is 50%–70% in developed

countries population and this number is increasing. These products are commonly used to

improve the physical health, fight against day to day challenges such as stress, increase immunity

etc. These are proposed to provide extra health benefits, in addition to the basic nutritional

value found in foods. The importance and role of basic nutrients in the growth, maintenance, and

wellness of the body are known. The review article is based on the herbs with a wide variety of

therapeutic values such as immunity booster, antidiabetic, anticancer, antimicrobial and strength

booster. To increase the efficacy of nutraceuticals, delivery systems are greatly needed to deliver

these products through drug delivery systems using nanotechnology, such as biocompatible

polymers, as they offer tools that deliver therapeutic drugs for treating diseases successfully. In

the global market, there are prominent product quality issues. Nutraceuticals from the global

market may claim to use organic or exotic ingredients, but the lack of regulation may

compromise the safety and efficacy of these products. The nutraceuticals are expanding

internationally in terms of marketing strategies for health promotion, reduction of disease, and

health care. These provide benefit to the rapidly emerging alternative, complementary, and

integrated healthcare practices.

Keywords: Nutraceuticals, Immunity Booster, Nanotechnology, Drug Delivery System.





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Pentacyclic Carboxylic Acid Containing Triterpene Acids and Their

Derivatives: Potent Bioavailable Compounds

Sucheta *, Purnima Singh , Shainda, Rohit pandey


India.

Abstract: Many natural carboxylic acid containing pentacyclic triterpenoid like ursolic acid,

oleanolic acid, maslinic acid, betulinic acid etc. isolated from the fruits and leaves of Olea

ferruginea and from R. stricta have been reported to show wide range of biological activities like

cytotoxic, antiviral, anti-HIV, antioxidant, anticancer, antimalarial, antimicrobial, anti-

inflammatory, anti-diabetic and antiatherogenic activities. A large extent of activities and their

natural origin, the preparation of number of synthetic and semisynthetic derivatives of triterpene

acids has attracted recent attention. This review presents a compilation of the most relevant

scientific papers and technical reports on the research work done in last two decades including

derivatization of pentacyclic triterpene acids and demonstration of various biological activities.

Modifications done on C-28 and C-3 functional groups using various amino acids and other

moieties gave a library of compounds which showed anticancer activites. The observed research

data from reported papers generates the impending scope of research in synthetic approaches of

derivatives of these potential compounds for treatment of chronic diseases.

Keywords: Pentacyclic Triterpenoid, Biological Activities.





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Development, Characterization and Evaluation of Diacerine containing

Microemulsion based Hydrogel for Osteoarthritis

Lokesh Kumar*, Avinash Dewangan

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Chhattisgarh, India.

Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic joint condition. A joint is where two

bones come together. The ends of these bones are covered with a protective tissue called

cartilage. It is the most frequent joint disease with a prevalence of 22% to 39% in India.

Symptomatic Knee OA occurs in 22% men and 13% in women aged 60% years or older

worldwide. Now a day the Researcher was studied that the novel drug delivery system is

available for increase the effectiveness of the drug which are transdermal patches, aerosols,

microemulsion and hydrogel, etc. The present study was aimed to focus on a novel drug delivery

system that is available for the treatment of OA for its high efficacy and effectiveness of the

system without any harmful effect with socioeconomic inpatient. The purpose of this project “To

development, characterization and evaluation of Diacerine containing microemulsion based

Hydrogel for Osteoarthritis”. These results indicated that the studies microemulsion based

Hydrogel may be a promising vehicle for topical delivery of Daicerine. A Microemulsion based

Hydrogel is chosen due to good solubilising capacity and skin permeation capabilities and

improved drug solubilisation, long shelf life and ease of preparation and administration.

Keywords: Osteoarthritis, Microemulsion, Diacerine, Hydrogel.





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Oral Disintegrating Films: A Novel Drug Delivery Approach

Virender*, Kush Arora, Yatin Narang, Rohit Sharma

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar-135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: From the past few years, approaches toward innovative drug delivery systems has

majorly increased attempts to ensure efficacy, safety and acceptability for the patients. Now a

day trends are shifting toward designing and developing novel drug delivery systems for existing

drugs. Out of those, drug delivery system being very popular is orally disintegrating films

(ODFs). Orally disintegrating films have excellence over fast disintegrating tablets as the latter

are associated with the risks of choking and friability. Various methods are employed for

formulating ODFs among which solvent casting and spraying methods are frequently used.

Commonly, hydrophilic polymers with other excipients are used for preparing ODFs which

permit films to disintegrate quickly and release incorporated active pharmaceutical ingredient

(API) within few seconds. ODFs are designed to dissolve when comes in contact with wet

surface like tongue, within in a very short time, means the consumer can take the product without

additional liquid. In this drug is directly absorbed into systemic circulation so degradation in

gastrointestinal tract and its first pass effect can be bypassed. These features make this

formulation most popular and acceptable among pediatric and geriatric patients and patients with

fear of choking and dysphagia. .Over-the-counter films for pain management and motion

sickness are commercialized in the markets. Many companies are utilizing transdermal drug

delivery technology to develop thin film systems. In the present review formulation methods,

types of ODFs & applications are compiled.

Keywords: Fast Dissolving Films, Oral Mucosa, Permeability, Solvent Casting, Disintegration.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/osteoclast-differentiation-factor

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/excipients





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Self-Nanoemulsifying Drug Delivery Systems: A Novel Approach

Ravinder Verma*, Deepak Kaushik

Maharihi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India.

Abstract: Developments in recent drug discovery programs, yields a large proportion of novel

pharmacologically active molecules that are lipophilic and poorly water soluble, which is a major

challenge for pharmaceutical researchers to enhance the oral bioavailability of such drug

molecules. Self- nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (isotropic blends of oil, surfactant, co-

surfactant and medicament) are highly in quest due to their innumerable benefits like better

portability, improved stability and higher medicament loading, coupled with ease and economy

of their production, quick onset of action, reduction in inter and intra subject variability and food

effects and minimize problems associated with filling of liquid SNEDDS in capsules. Various

components that are used to formulate these dosage forms like surfactants and lipids contribute

to the overall improvement in oral bioavailability via promoting the lymphatic transport; thereby

hepatic first pass metabolism can be surmounted. SNEDDS appears to be unique and industrially

survival methodology with upcoming advancement. There are various methods of preparation

and characterization, effects on the bioavailability of various drugs and various literature reports

on diverse types of self-emulsifying formulations.

Keywords: SNEDDS, Drug Discovery, Drug Delivery.





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Functionalized Lipid-Polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles Mediated Targeted Drug

Delivery

Alakesh Bharali*, Mayuri Phukan

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam-786004,

India.

Abstract: Nanotechnologies have been enormously used in the last two decades to facilitate the

delivery of therapeutics and imaging agents for various medical applications. Polymeric

nanoparticles (PNs) and liposomes mainly represent two primary delivery of nanocarrier capable

of encapsulating and delivering a variety of drug classes. But these nanoparticles face certain

challenges in targeting drug delivery due to poor solubility, lesser stability resulting in early

disintegration of the drug in the blood stream and lesser systemic circulation half life. They too

have lesser drug loading capacity and early drug release problems. These factors remain to limit

their application to a certain extend. To overcome these limitations, both PNs and liposomes

have been combined to develop a newer novel platform, named “Lipid-Polymer Hybrid

nanoparticles (LPHNs)” that combines the positive attributes of liposomes and PNs excluding

their shortcomings. These LPHNs have a hydrophobic polymeric core where poorly soluble

drugs can be encapsulated, a hydrophilic polymeric shell to enhance nanoparticles stability and

systemic circulation half-life, a lipid monolayer to promote drug retention inside the polymeric

core, thereby enhancing drug encapsulating efficiency, increasing drug loading yield and

controlling drug release. In this review, special types of LPHNs structures are discussed in

details introducing the synthesis and surface functionalization techniques of the LPHNs followed

by a typical characterization of the particles approaching targeted drug delivery by LPHNs,

summarizing the current and the potential medical application of these new hybrid nanoparticles.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, Lipid-polymer Hybrid Nanoparticles, Drug Targeting, Surface

Functionalization.





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Current scenario in Herbal Drug Standardization

Shikha Kamboj

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, 135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: In Universe the current state of peoples are getting attracted towards herbal medicines

due to various advantages. Herbal formulations have reached extensive acceptability as

therapeutic agents for several diseases. These drugs contains a large number of chemical

compounds even though many of them are present in low concentration but they are important in

terms of quality, safety, efficacy of the herbal drugs because they show synergestic effect. But it

is not easy to analyse them so different types of techniques are used such as chromatography,

HPLC (High-performance liquid chromatography), Spectrometry, Capillary electrophoresis etc

for the standardization of herbal medicines. Chromatographic and sophisticated modern

techniques of standardization provide quantitative and semi-quantitative information about the

main active constituent or marker compounds present in the herbal drugs. Markers play an

important role in fingerprinting of herbs. Standardization is the first step for the establishment of

a consistent biological activity, chemical profile. Applying these techniques provide a unique

opportunity for dig up more useful chemical information of the drug and to reestablished natural

products.

Keywords: Herbal Drug, Synergestic, Standardization.





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Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Beads of Tizanidine Hydrochloride

Rakesh Kumar Pandey*, Vijay Kumar Sharma


Abstract: The method by which drug delivered is important because it projects significant role

in efficacy. The floating system is supposed to float in and over the gastric contents resulting in

extended GRT. A high level of fluid in the stomach is needed for drug delivery to float and work

efficaciously. Drugs which are irritant to Gastric mucosa are also not desirable. The micro-beads

had been prepared via ionotropic gelation approach in which the gelation of natural anionic

polysaccharide sodium alginate, the natural polymer turned into react with oppositely charged

calcium ions, acting as cross linker or counter ion, to form immediately micro-beads. Tizanidine

is a quick-acting drug for the management of spasticity. Tizanidine is an agonist at a2-adrenergic

receptor sites and possibly reduces spasticity via growing presynaptic inhibition of motor

neurons. tizanidine comes under brand name Zanaflex. Tizanidine is white to off white

crystalline powder and odourless. Solubility in water decreases as the pH increases (slightly

soluble). The melting point of Tizanidine hydrochloride is 278-280°C. This abstract includes

method of preparation, preformulation study, and evaluation parameter, advantage and

disadvantages of floating beads of Tizanidine Hydrochloride.

Keywords: Ionotropic gelation, Gastric mucosa, Melting point.





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Formulation Development and Evaluation of Mupirocin Loaded Ethosomes

for Treatment of Skin Infection

Desh Deepak*, Vijay Kumar Sharma


Abstract: Delivery of drug using the intact skin as the port of drug administration to the human

body has been recognized for several decades. But the skin is a very difficult barrier to the

ingress of materials allowing only small quantities of a drug to penetrate over a period of time.

Ethosomes has permeation of drug molecules (relatively small vesicle size) to and through the

skin to the systemic circulation. Ethosomes, non-invasive delivery carriers that enable drugs to

reach deep into the skin layers or the systemic circulation made up of phospholipids, water, high

concentration of ethanol. Mupirocin is freely soluble in ethanol. It is used topically and is

primarily effective against Gram-positive bacteria. Mupirocin is bacteriostatic at low

concentration and bactericidal at high concentration. This article summarizes Composition of

Ethosomes, Preformulation study of Mupirocin, Preparation & Characterisation, Evaluation,

mechanism of drug penetration, Advantage and Disadvantage of Mupirocin loaded ethosomes.

Key words: Ethosomes, Preformulation Study, Bacteriostatic.





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Formulation Development & Evaluation of Ethosome of Acyclovir

Gyan Prakash*, Vijay Kumar Sharma


Abstract: The main objective of present work is to develop transdermal delivery of acyclovir,

used for treatment for viral infections, Parkinsonism. It is effective against herpesviruses. It is

also used as anti-acnes agent. It is prepared by cold method and hot method. Ethosomes are

lipid vesicles containing phospholipid, alcohol in relatively high concentration and water. It is

soluble in ethanol, methanol, 0.1N NaOH & a buffer aqueous solution with a pH of 6.8. Its

protein binding is 9 to 33%. Its half-life is 2.2 hours. The oral bioavailability is 10 to 20%, and

decreases with increasing dose. It is primarily excreted unchanged by the kidney via active

tubular secretion. The prepared formulation showed good entrapment efficiency, vesicle size

and drug release. It is concluded by this work that ethosomes could be superior drug carrier for

topical delivery of acyclovir in treatment of skin infection.

Keywords: Ethosomes, Parkinsonism, Phospholipids, Transdermal.





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A Comprehensive Assessment on Lymphatic Filariasis in India: Prevalence,

Drug Therapy and Novel Targeting Approaches

Saurabh Shrivastava*, Chanchal Deep Kaur

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Durg- 490042, India.

Abstract: Lymphatic filariasis is a mosquito-borne disease and one of the oldest neglected

tropical diseases and the second most common cause of long term disability after leprosy.

According to the WHO, 120 million people were affected by filariasis worldwide in 2000.

Currently, 856 million people in 52 countries are infected. There are 25 million men with

hydrocele and over 15 million people with lymphoedema. In 2000, the Global Programme to

Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) was initiated with the motto of eliminating lymphatic

filariasis as a community health crisis worldwide by the year 2020. Apart from the global

programs, novel technology in the nanomedicine field is estimated to develop inventive products

as targeted drug delivery approaches. The conventional drug therapies are not able to eliminate

the parasite from the body as the parasitic worm resides in the lymphatic vessels. The ultimate

purpose of novel filarial therapy is to improve the quality of life. Various drug delivery systems

such as liposomes, proliposomes, microspheres, gels, prodrugs, cyclodextrins, and nanoparticles

have been formulated and are being investigated for lymphatic targeting. This review highlights

the prevalence, treatment available and novel targeting approaches for enhancing drug delivery

in lymphatic filariasis.

Keywords: Lymphatic Filariasis, Novel Target, Lymphatic Targeting, Drug Delivery System.





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Recent Developments on the Structure–Activity Relationship Studies of MAO

Inhibitors and Their Role

Anjali*, Bhupinder Kumar

ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga- 142001, Punjab, India.

Abstract: Monoamine oxidase (MAO) enzyme catalyzes the oxidative deamination of

xenobiotic and endogenous amines including many neurotransmitters. The MAO enzyme exists

in two isoforms; MAO-A and MAO-B and these isoforms display considerable sequence

similarity but differ in tissue distribution, inhibitor selectivity and specificity towards ligands.

The altered concentration of the neurotransmitters in the brain is linked with the biochemical

pathology of various neurological disorders including depression, Alzheimer's disease and

Parkinson's disease. MAO inhibitors were the first antidepressants discovered but their

irreversible binding to the enzyme resulted in a number of side effects including fatal food–drug

interactions. The new generation MAO inhibitors, especially reversible and selective inhibitors,

were less toxic and found to be effective against various neurological disorders. Now the MAO

enzyme has been recognized as an important drug target and MAO-A selective inhibitors are

being developed as drug candidates for the management of depression and anxiety disorders,

whereas MAO-B selective inhibitors are found to be effective for the treatment of Parkinson's

disease and Alzheimer's disease with a better safety profile as compared to nonselective MAO

inhibitors. The current review article describes recent developments on the design, synthesis and

screening of MAO inhibitors, structure–activity relationship studies, and their role in the etiology

and treatment of various neurological disorders.

Key words: Monoamine Oxidase, Neurotransmittors, Inhibitors.





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2D, 3D QSAR and Molecular Docking Study of 2-Mercaptobenzothiazole

Derivatives for Anti-inflammatory potential

Krishan*, Archana Kapoor

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: When any foreign organism entered inside the body or after injury, the human body

response as inflammation and fever to get rid of irritants and for tissue repair. Inflammation is a

protective response of human body against injury, infection. A series of 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-

ylthio)-N-(2-oxoindolin-3-ylidene)acetohydrazide, and 2-(benzo [d]thiazol-2-ylthio)-N-(2,4’-

dioxospiro[indolin-3,2’-thiazolidin)-3’- yl) acetamide and 2'-((benzo[d]thiazol-2-

ylthio)methyl)spiro[indoline-3,5'- thiazolo[4,3-b][1,3,4]oxadiazol]-2-ones have been used for in-

silico study and screened for their anti-inflammatory activity. In-silico study was performed by

using vlife MDS 4.6 (software package, from Pune, India) on HP Pentium IV 2.80 GHz

processor/ Microsoft Win XP Home Edition system. The pIC50 of the 21 compound was used to

perform 2D, 3D QSAR. The models generated in 2D, 3D QSAR provided an insight into the

structural requirements which could aid in designing of new potentially active anti-inflammatory

compounds. Three series of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole each have seven derivatives, over all 21

derivatives of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole have designed hypothetically based on QSAR

observation. BIOPREDICTA tool of Vilfe MDS 4.6 software was used for molecular docking

study. The optimized molecules were used for molecular docking studies in active site of protein

from S. aureus TYrRS. (PDB ID: 1JIJ) for anti-inflammatory activity, docking results was

observed in the form of docking score and ligand pose. The results showed that four compound

out of twenty one compound were more active.

Keywords: QSAR, Docking, Biopredicta, Inflammation.





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Clinical Trials: Drug Discovery and Development

Shivangi Nijhawan*, Arpit Mangla

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar -135001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Clinical trials are research study that prospectively assigns human participants or

groups of humans to one or more health - related mediation to evaluate the effects on health

outcomes. Clinical trials are directed for each malady. A clinical trial includes 3 pre marketing

trials. A new drug application approval by FDA and a post marketing trial ensuring the safety

and efficacy of the new medication and why the new medication is better than the one already

present in the market. The primary purpose behind doing trials is to figure out if one treatment is

superior, to another, 19% by and large increment in number of enlishment every year in clinical

trials, 47.0% expansion in market investment in clinical trials since 2013. Clinical trials are

substantially significant in Drug Discovery and Development ensuring the safety and efficacy of

the mediation but it is somehow a lengthy and costly process so further research is going on to

shorten the process and making it cost effective.

Keywords: Clinical Trials, Research, Mediations.





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Drug discovery and development: Role of basic biological research

Manju

Baba Mast Nath University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Most often, the development of a new medicine starts when basic scientists learn of a

biological target (e.g., a receptor, enzyme, protein, gene, etc.) that is involved in a biological

process thought to be dysfunctional in patients with a disease such as Alzheimer's disease (AD).

Here, we are considering the discovery and development of entirely new medicines, those with a

mode of action different from already approved medicines and intended for a clinical indication

that is not addressed by approved medicines. Better medicines that are iterative improvements on

current medications are valuable as they may offer benefits over existing medications in terms of

potency, safety, tolerability, or convenience, but they usually do not involve the manipulation of

biological targets different from those directly affected by existing medications. Analyses across

all therapeutic areas indicate that the development of a new medicine, from target identification

through approval for marketing, takes over 12 years and often much longer. The cost to develop

a New Molecular Entity; an antibody, protein, gene therapy, or other biological medicine is

certainly over $1 billion and, on average, has been estimated to be about $2.6 billion. It is

evident that the likelihood of advancing an AD drug candidate has been very low when

compared with those for development programs across a broad range of therapeutic areas. Stated

another way, the probability is very low that any new biological target or molecule identified as

potentially relevant to the modification of AD will result in an approved new medicine.

Keywords: Alzheimer, Molecular Entity, Drug Discovery, Drug Development.





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New Approaches in Microbiology is Benificial for Antibiotic: Antibiotic Drug

Discovery

Vikram Kumar

Guru Jambheshwar University of Sciences & Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Owing to the threat caused by the increase of extremely resistant pathogenic bacteria,

there is a vital need for new antibiotics; since in the last two decays, the approval for new

antibacterial agents had decreased. The area of natural product discovery has undergone an

incredible development over the earlier few years. This has been the consequence of several new

and revolutionizing drug discovery and development techniques, which is initiating a ‘Novel

trend of Antibiotic Discovery’. We concentrate on the most significant discovery approaches

during the last and present years and comment on the challenges facing the community in the

coming years. We are now in a lucky situation: Genome mining revealed a much bigger potential

to synthesize natural products than have been isolated with conventional approaches; new

approaches in microbiology, in particular microbial cultivation techniques, made much more

producers accessible as antibiotic producers; genetic technologies as well as biochemical

knowledge, enable large-scale derivatization of new and old natural compounds to optimize them

in a way that they can be applied in medical applications. New tools have mainly been developed

by academia; we will need cooperation between academia and industry to generate the large

numbers of compounds, which are required to end up with an antibiotic that makes it to the

hospital. Genome mining (activation of silent gene clusters), synthetic biology, chemical

screening, bioactivity screening, and the targeted-guide screening are some novel advances in the

field appreciably improved the possibility to find something new.

Key words: Antibiotic, Novel Drug, Genome, Target Guide.





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Multi-Target Drugs: A Novel Approach to Treat Schizophrenia

Lokesh Kumar*, Manisha, Esha Sharma

School of Pharmacy, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Schizophrenia is a severe mental illness with positive, negative and cognitive

symptoms like hallucinations, delusions, social withdrawl, apathy, memory and learning. This

arises from abnormalities in the dopaminergic, serotonergic, glutamatergic and GABAergic

systems of brain which further opens the path for discovering multi target drug approach in the

treatment of schizophrenia. This advanced approach has multiple advantages over single-target

drugs, including high efficacy, better distribution in the target tissue, accelerated therapeutic

effect, fewer drug-drug interactions, lower risk of toxicity, and improved patient tolerance along

with less risk of target-based drug resistance. Structural modifications of these marketed drugs

are also found to be effective. Some newer multi-target approaches also includes: Modulation of

glutamate receptors through Glycine transporter 1 (GlyT1) inhibitor named Bitopertin acts by

inhibiting GlyT1 which promotes NMDA activation and mGluR positive allosteric modulator

(VU0409551) that modulates the receptor responses to glutamate, Selective agonists of alpha7

nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7 nAChR) like Encenicline reduces the cognition deficits and

PDE10A inhibitor such as MP-10 prevents the degradation of cAMP which supports the

extreme reduction in positive, negative and cognitive symptoms as seen in schizophrenic

patients. These multi- target approaches are the novel strategies to design highly efficacious

drugs with minimal side effects. Various drugs are undergoing clinical trials for the future

advancements in the treatment of neurological disorders.

Keywords: Schizopheronia, cAMP, Modification, Neurological disorders.





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Pharmacovigilance: Tool for Drug Safety Monitoring

Hitesh Singh Tomar*, Manisha, Esha Sharma

School of Pharmacy, Lingaya’s Vidyapeeth, Faridabad, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Urbanization comes with high risk of diseases which increases the usage of medicines

day by day that result in Adverse Drug Reactions (ADRs). It is defined as any response to a drug

which is noxious and unintended, including lack of efficacy. So, pharmaceutical companies are

developing new effective as well as safer drugs. Pharmacovigilance (PV) involves monitoring

and evaluating ADRs which is a key component of effective drug regulation systems, clinical

practice and public health programmes. Uppsala Monitoring Center (UPC) globally coordinated

all the PV centers where information received from patients and health care providers via

pharmacovigilance agreements in the form of Individual Case Study Report (ICSR) assessed by

the expert associates called adverse event reporting. Monitoring of adverse drug reactions

through well-developed IT empowered system like Vigibase, VigiAccess in primary and

secondary healthcare services additionally can be successful measure. Worldwide

pharmacovigilance drug safety software market is ready to grow at 6.5% during 2014-2019 and

is required to arrive at an estimation of $154.1 million in 2019. Clinical research is very much

facilitated with pharmacovigilance. Drug regulatory authorities play a key role in national or

regional oversight of pharmacovigilance by defining necessary regulations for drug products and

assuring their safety. Pharmaceutical industries play a very crucial role in the improvement of

pharmacovigilance by maintaining the safety data, detection and evaluation of drug safety

signals through manual and medical devices reporting. Thus, enhance the efficacy of marketed

drugs.

Keywords: Pharmacovigilance, Drug Safety, ADRs.





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Terminalia arjuna: A Versatile Therapeutic Herb

Vivek Kumar

Shri Baba Mastnath Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Research, Asthal Bohar, Rohtak,

Haryana-124001, India.

Abstract: The application of medicinal plants to cure the human disease started since ancient

time and still is the part medicinal system. It is one of the most beneficial plant used in the

treatment of various diseases. The phytochemical, pharmacological and clinical studies showed

significance in management of critical diseases especially in cardiovascular problems. Arjuna is

believed to be a good natural liver and cardiac tonic. Arjuna stem bark contains glycosides,

tannins, a large quantity of flavonoids and minerals. Arjuna contains specific active ingredients

like arjunolic acid, and triterpine glycosides like arjunetosides, arjunine, arjunetein. The bark of

Arjuna is a rich source of flavonoids (arjunone, arjunolone), gallic acid, ellagic acid, phytosterols

and minerals like calcium, magnesium, zinc and copper. The Arjuna bark has excellent medicinal

properties that help to maintain a healthy cholesterol levels. Arjuna is effective in a variety of

heart problems like high blood pressure, rapid heartbeat, heart palpitations and high cholesterol.

One Scientist studied the antioxidant status of acetone and methanol extract of T. arjuna bark

and its hypoglycemic effect on Type-II diabetic albino rats and another Scientist studied the anti-

hyperlipidemic and antioxidant potential of different fractions of T. arjuna bark against PX-407

induced hyperlipidemia. This indicates that Arjuna is very beneficial plant and should be studied

more extensively for its modification in active constituents for the development of new

molecular entities.

Key Words: Terminalia arjuna, Arjunolic acid, Cardiovascular, Flavonoids, Arjunine.





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Natural Potential Antihypertensive Drug Development: Emphasizing Current

Scenario and Future Opportunities

Sucheta *, Amit Ojha, Rohit Pandey, Avani Sharma

Dr. K.N Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, U.P, India.

Abstract: Excessive hike in the growing rate of obesity, diabetes, and an aging population has

led to increased demand for novel antihypertensive candidates. Hypertension has become one of

the most important causes for premature morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated to

cause 7.5 million deaths, about 12.8% of all annual deaths. Most of the currently used

antihypertensive drugs cannot be used as a single drug therapy because of their limited potency

and side effects. Therefore, the research and development of new drugs with multiple therapeutic

effects is most desirable. The treatment of hypertension with plant extracts or plant-derived

products is well documented. In this review article, we discuss the recent progress in the research

of natural lead compounds with antihypertensive activity, emphasizing the mechanisms

underlying their antihypertensive action. This study highlights the challenges and opportunities

associated with each phase of drug discovery and development of novel antihypertensive agents.

Using the information collected during the early stage, numerous potential compounds are

derived and subjected to preclinical evaluations, leading to selection of one or more candidates

for testing in humans. As the compounds enter clinical testing, there is an increase in the

investment of resources to demonstrate that a new compound is a viable and worthy therapeutic

candidate for hypertension. The review provides some forecasting of issues that are likely to

impact drug development of novel antihypertensives in the future.

Keywords: Hypertension, Drug Discovery, Plant Extracts.





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Computer–Aided Drug Design: An Innovative Tool for Modelling

Sakshi*, Himanshu Kamboj

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar-135001, Haryana, India

Abstract: The process of drug discovery and development is recognized as time consuming,

risky and costly. The typical drug discovery and development takes approximately 1.4 years.

Although the investment in new drug development has grown significantly in past decades, the

output is not positively proportional to investment because of low efficacy and high failure rate

in drug discovery. Consequently various approaches have been developed to shorten the research

cycle and reduce the expense and risk of failure for drug discovery. Computer aided drug design

is one of the most effective method for reaching these goals. Computer aided dug design is

widely used term that represents computational tool and source for storage management, analysis

and modeling of compounds. It covers many aspects of drug discovery including computer

programme for designing compounds. Over the past few decades, computational drug discovery

method such as molecular docking, pharmacophore modeling and mapping de novo designs,

molecular similarity calculations have been significantly improved. The efficiency, accuracy and

speed of these computational methods largely depend upon several technical aspects. The use of

computational tools could reduce the cost of drug development by up to 50%. In this review, we

represent an overview of these important computational methods and successful applications in

this field.

Keywords: Computational tool, Pharmacophore, Docking.





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A Review on Tridaxp procumbens and its Pharmacological and Phytochemical

Activities

Suman Shrivastava*, S. J. Daharwal

University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur, Chhattisgarh-

492010, India.

Abstract: Tridax procumbens (L.) is a spreading annual herb found throughout India but

unfortunately it is one of the neglected plants. Tridax procumbens Linn belonging to the family

Asteraceae is a common grass found in the tropics. Traditionally, it is used for the treatment of

bronchial catarrh, dysentery, malaria, stomach-ache, diarrhoea, high blood pressure and to check

haemorrhage from cuts, bruises and wounds and to prevent falling of hair. It possesses antiseptic,

insecticidal, parasiticidal and hepatoprotective properties and has marked depressant action on

respiration. The extracts of T. procumbens have been reported to have various pharmacological

effects, antimicrobial activity, wound healing property and immunomodulatory activity on the

experimental animals. The phytochemical screening of the leaves of T. procumbens revealed the

presence of alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoids (catechins and flavones), saponins and tannins.

This current review article gives comprehensive information about the T. procumbens taxonomy,

morphology, geographical distribution, phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities.

Keywords: Tridax procumbens, Antimicrobial, Wound Healing Property, Immunomodulator.





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An Overview on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Bhamra Rashmi*, Diwan Nancy

Chandigarh Group of Colleges, Landra, India.

Abstract: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as the most common chronic

liver disease globally. NAFLD comprises a group of diseases that include non-alcoholic fatty

liver (NAFL), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and related cirrhosis, and it is often

associated with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. NASH is a more severe type of

NAFLD, and no effective treatment is available. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an

alarming public health problem that directly contributes to increased prevalence of liver cirrhosis

and hepatic cell cancer, but without any specific pharmacological option. The short-chain fatty

acid (SCFA) butyrate, which is produced by the microbial fermentation of dietary fiber in the

large intestine, has been shown to have multiple beneficial effects in mammals. Our recent

studies reported that sodium butyrate (NaB) reduced high-fat diet (HFD)-induced gut microbiota

dysbiosis and endotoxemia and prevented HFD-induced steatohepatitis by modulating the

immune response in the gut and liver. However, the underlying cellular/molecular mechanisms

remain unclear. Evidence shows that NaB could promote glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)

secretion from the intestinal L cells. GLP-1 is reported to exert important functions in the

management of Type -2 Diabetes (T2D) and obesity, including regulation of glucose

homeostasis, gastric motility and food intake.

Keywords: Diabetes, NAFLD, Sodium Butyrate, Cancer, Insulin.





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Impact of Urolithiasis on Quality of Human Life

Parveen Kumar Goyal

Hindu College of Pharmacy, Sonepat-131001, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Urolithiasis is simply the presence of one or more calculi in the urinary tract and, after

urinary tract infection and prostatic disorder; it is the third most prevalent disease of the urinary

system that has affected about 12% of the World population. It afflicted about 4-8% population

in UK, 11% in India, 15% in USA and about 20% in Gulf countries. The risk of developing

kidney stone disease has been shown to be comparatively greater in the Western world than in

the Eastern world. The highest risks of urolithiasis have been observed in Asian countries such as

Saudi Arabia probably due to higher intake of animal proteins. The lifetime risk of urinary stone

in the Western world is about 10-15% and in the Middle East is about 20-25%. The rate of

recurrence has been reported about 70-80% in male and 47-60% in female. The recurrence rates

have been reported to be reached approximately 10% in one year, 35% in five years, and about

50% in ten years. The lifetime recurrences can be up to 50%. The episodic pain in urolithiasis,

commonly known as renal colic, usually starts in the flank region and radiates to the groin. The

renal colic is one of the strongest known pain sensations. Due to the very high incidences of

recurrence and detrimental effects on renal functions, kidney stones have seriously been

jeopardized the public health and affected the quality of life. This manuscript describes the

impact of urolithiasis on health and quality of life.

Keywords: Health, Urolithiasis, Disorder, UTI.





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Development and Evaluation of Calcium Carbonate Tablet

Sadia Choudhary*, Yogita Chowdhary, Qurratul Ain, Shabnam Ain, Babita Kumar and

Shilpa

Sanskar College of Pharmacy & Researc , Ghaziabad, India.

Abstract: Tablet is a solid unit dosage form of pharmaceuticals with their easy administration,

suitability, stability and less expensive. They are usually preferred by the patients. Present

formulation involves use of calcium carbonate which is also preferred in pregnancy to increase

serum levels in blood. Direct compression method is used for compression of tablets and

evaluated by using various characterization parameters such as weight variation, hardness,

friability, disintegration and dose uniformity. The hardness of tablet was measured by monsanto

hardness tester and found to be 7 kg/cm2 in current formulation calcium carbonate is taken as

active ingredient, starch and micro crystalline cellulose is used as binder. The average weight of

tablet, friability and hardness were found to be 1.59 gm, 1% and 7 kg/cm2 respectively.

Disintegration time was maintained at 10 minutes. Calcium carbonate was formulated by using

micro crystalline cellulose phosphate and starch to remove processing complexities. Calcium

carbonate is needed by the body for bones, muscles, nervous system and heart. Calcium

carbonate is used as antacid to relieve heart burn, acid ingestion and upset stomach. It also acts

as an antacid that works by lowering the amount of acid in stomach and also used in pregnancy

for increasing serum levels of calcium.

Keyword: Tablet, Calcium Carbonate, Disintegration Time, Friability.





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A Hypothetic Approach to Future ADRs

Tanish Kochar*, Anjali Sharma, Vasu, Hardik


Abstract: Pharmacovigilance (PhV, PV) came into effect on 1-JAN-2005. The

Pharmacovigilance is derived from two words Pharmakon (Greek for Drug) and Vigilore (Latin

for keep Watching). PhV heavily focuses on adverse drug reaction, which is defined as any

response to drug which is noxious and unintended, including lack of efficacy after coming in

market. They detect, assest, monitor, the ADRs. India is one among the leading country in world

considering the mobile use and place 2nd Rank in internet use. Keeping the view of this

achievement, a user friendly application “ MED REVIEW ” is being proposed for the benefit

of citizens of the country to make healthy and aware country .The key features of the app is to

save medical history, provide knowledge related to medicines, give medical updates and most

importantly citizens can give review for medicines which are giving side-effects, this will

directly help PhV sector to monitor the side-effect of various drugs and take further action

related to the drug and make a better, healthy India.

Keywords: ADR, Pharmacovigilance, Side effects, India.





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New Horizons in Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences-Drug Discovery

and Development

Alka Tyagi


Abstract: The pharmaceutical industry is constantly striving to understand diseases and bring

forth safe and efficient drugs into the market to ensure their financial and brand status. Low

productivity, expiry of patents, rising R&D costs, and dwindling pipelines are the major

challenges threatening the pharmaceutical industry today. Outsourcing to the developing nations,

mergers and acquisitions and collaboration are the major strategies being employed today to

strike a balance between rising development costs and profits. These drugs could directly enter

into Phase II and III clinical studies as the bioavailability and safety profiles of drugs are well-

known from the preclinical and phase I studies. For example, Thalidomide (morning sickness)

has received FDA approval for the treatment of multiple myeloma through drug repurposing. It

is, therefore, a more integrated approach to science policy which specifically considers: (i)

promoting excellence in medicinal Science, (ii) establishing a sound biomedical and

pharmaceutical relationship and (iii) expressing an ambition to address current and future

societal challenges. It also provides the possibility of adopting a more flexible and simplified

management route to drive research through innovation, research and development.

Keywords: Pharmaceutical Education, Clinical trials, Drug discovery.





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Pharmacovigilance of Herbal Drugs: A New Perspective

Kamakshi Verma*, Suryakant Verma, Vijay Kumar Sharma

Dr. K. N. Modi Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research, Modinagar, India. Abstract: Now day’s higher number of population using herbal product because of believe on it.

There is completely misconception that natural means safe and remedies of natural origin are

harmless and are devoid of adverse drug reactions (ADRs). “Charka Samheta”, classical book of

Ayurveda describes adverse drug reaction (ADRs) when herbal medicines are used or prepared

inappropriately. As per WHO guidelines, most of the ADRs linked with herbs and herbal

products are because of poor product quality or improper usage. There may be adulteration with

toxic metals, potent drugs and agro chemicals etc. Besides there may be presence of pathogenic

micro-organisms if appropriate measures are not taken in herbal drug products. WHO further

declares that there are inadequate regulatory measures, weak quality control and largely

uncontrolled distribution channel for herbal products. National surveillance system to monitor

and evaluate ADRs with herbal medicines is rare. Since there is continuous increase in usage and

demand for herbal product, it is required to strengthen the national regulation, registration,

quality assurance and control of herbal medicines. One should never forget these words of

Charka “even a strong poison can become an excellent medicine if administered properly and on

the other hand even the more useful drug can act like a poison if handled carelessly”. This paper

deals with regulatory aspects and quality control measures to be followed for herbal drug

products.

Keywords: Adverse Drug Reaction, Surveillance, Quality Assurance.





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Nanotechnology Advances for the Delivery of Neurological Medicines

Suchita Wamankar*, Anshita Gupta

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Chattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract: Many potential neurological medicines are unable to reach the brain in sufficient

amount of concentration to be therapeutics through the blood brain barrier. On another hand,

delivery of medicines to the brain provides the possibility of a greater therapeutic toxic ratio as

compare than with systemic drug delivery. The application of intranasal delivery of therapeutic

agents to the brain provides a means of bypassing the BBB in a non-invasive manner. In this

respect, nano ranged drug carriers were shown to enhance the delivery of drugs to CNS

compared to equivalent drug solution formulations. Neurological conditions that have been

studied in animal models that could benefit from nose-to-brain delivery of nano-therapeutics

include neurodegenerative disease, epilepsy and infectious diseases. Therefore, the most

efficacious application of nano-carriers is the use of these substances in the treatment of CNS

disease that enhances the overall effect of drug and highlights the importance of nano-

therapeutics. This study was conducted to review the evidence on the applications of

nanotechnology in designing drug delivery systems with the ability to cross through the blood-

brain barrier (BBB) in order to transfer the therapeutic agents to the CNS.

Key words: Neurological, Medicines, Blood Brain Barrier, Nanotechnology, Intranasal delivery.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/central-nervous-system-disease

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/central-nervous-system-disease

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/blood-brain-barrier

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/blood-brain-barrier





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Physicochemical and In-vitro Anti- microbial Activity of Polyherbal Extract

Loaded Cream

Lokesh Kumar*, Sahnu

Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Kumhari, Chattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, India.

Abstract: Topical drugs have been used for the management of skin infections. The growing

concern of drug resistance to the topical agents has warned the need for continuous development

of novel drug. The antimicrobial effects of some plants were attributed to the number of

phytochemical constituents like flavonoids, triterpenes and tannins. The use of conventional

medications is often unsatisfactory for many patients with chronic skin infections because of

adverse effects and loss of effectiveness on long term use. To evaluate and develop safe and

effective topical antimicrobial formulations from different herbal extract of Aloe vera leaves,

Ginger, Cloves, and Turmeric. Crude drug extract was extracted using simple extraction method

and topical formulations were prepared in five different semisolid bases. In vitro antimicrobial

investigations were performed on polyherbal extract loaded and topical formulations. The

polyherbal extract cream has shown broad-spectrum antimicrobial potency against all tested

organisms with MIC value ranging from 0.65 to10 μg/ml. Among topical formulations, the

highest antimicrobial activity was recorded in hydrophilic ointment followed by macrogol blend

ointment. The antimicrobial activity of cream was higher in bacteria. In conclusion, topical

formulations of polyherbal extract loaded cream can be alternative topical agents with safe

broad-spectrum activity for the treatment of skin disorder.

Key words: Polyherbal, Skin infections, Antimicrobial, Extracts, Cream.





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Role of COX-2 Inhibitors in Inflammation and Malignancy

Jatin


Abstract: Inflammation is a protective reflux against an external stimulus which may be

pathogen irritant and may be due to cell injury. Inflammation also consult with the

tumorogenesis because while malignant cells as reproduce inflammation process occurs. A

number of clinical proved chemical mediator are reported which play an important role in

inflammation process by interacting with hypothetical inflammatory receptors .The main enzyme

which is responsible for the cause of inflammation is COX . Present through the body tissue and

of two types COX-1 and COX -2, mainly COX-2 type is responsible for the inflammation

response. Now recent studies revealed that there is an another type if COX i.e., COX -3 is also

present in heart and cerebral cortex. This COX-2 is a rate limiting enzyme and catalyses the

reaction and rate limiting steps for the synthesis of prostaglandins from arachadonic acid.

Conventional NSAIDS drugs are used which inhibit both the COX -1 and COX -2 enzymes and

which can lead to disturbance in some normal physiological process so selective COX-2

inhibitors were introduced to treat inflammation having less side effects. From recent studies it is

found that COX -3 enzyme is also inhibited by Paracetamol, Antipyrene , Phenacetin but actual

mechanism of action is not revealed .In addition, COX-2 specific inhibitor also work to reduce

the development of the inflammation in colon cancer.

Keywords: Cancer, Inflammation, COX-1, COX-2, COX-3.





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Combination Therapy- A New Trend

Priyanka Kriplani*, Kumar Guarve

Guru Gobind Singh college of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar-135001, Haryana, India.

Chemotherapy is one of the significant component of treatment of all types of cancers and

emerging novel anti-cancer drugs cover the largest section of pharmaceutical development.

Chemotherapy includes damaging of cancer cells but it also leads to damage of normal cells

leading to adverse effects. It has become a major source of concern for both clinicians and

patients on long term sequel of anticancer chemotherapy. Current treatments and techniques

available are found to be either ineffective or either are associated with other adverse effects like

nausea, vomiting, hypertension and so on just adding up the patient discomfort. To reduce sequel

of cancer chemotherapy and develop tolerance, new approaches are required urgently. From

eternity, conventional and current medicine has taken advantage of grouping/combination of

medicaments. With increasing awareness of biology of disease which entails interconnected

molecular pathways which are susceptible to synchronized action of drugs, offers new prospects

for the rationale development of combination treatments and take advantage of the possibility of

improved efficacy, reduced chances of drug resistance, reduced dosing and less toxicity. Owing

to following grounds, combination treatments are emerging in various areas like cancer, AIDS,

hypertension etc. Another important reason of leaning of pharmaceutical industries towards

combination treatments is the investment and time needed for the approval of novel drug entity.

Synthetic drugs when used in combination are doing well but are also reported to be associated

with adverse effects. So a new amalgamation of herbal drugs along with synthetic drugs is

reported to create wonders, overcoming the difficulties emerging in modern treatment.

Keywords: Chemotherapy, Combination Treatment, Herbal Drugs.





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Natural Bioactive Molecules: Lead for the Drug Development

Bhawna Chopra*, Ashwani K Dhingra


Abstract: Since from the ancient times, natural products have provided a rich source of

compounds that have wide applications in the fields of medicine, health sciences, pharmacy and

biology. Although naturally active substances are good lead compounds for the discovery of new

drugs, most of them suffer from various deficiencies or shortcomings, such as complex

structures, poor stability and solubility. Therefore, structural modification of NPs is needed to

develop novel compounds with specific properties. Modification in natural existing molecule is a

versatile approach to explore their mode of actions, which may lead to the discovery of novel

drugs. The use of isolated molecules as scaffolds for modification is a good approach to drug

discovery and development. Currently, piperine isolated from Piper nigrum, curcumin from

Curcuma longa and many more has been utilized after modification in the same and also with

combinations to explore the synergistic as well as to potentiate the drug activity. Therefore,

natural modified molecule when combined/fused with other heterocyclic molecules may lead to

the generation novel molecules. Thus, in pharmaceutical field, there has always been continuous

need for new and novel chemical entities with diverse biological activities. Our efforts are

focused on the introduction of chemical diversity in the molecular frame work in order to design

and synthesize pharmacologically interesting compounds of widely different composition.

Keywords: Drug Development, Synergistic, Modification, Heterocyclic.





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Significance of Natural Pest Control Agents

Bhuwanendra Singh*1, Poonam Bhardwaj

1, Poonam Maurya

2, Deeksha Soni

3

1NKBR College of Pharmacy & Research Centre, Meerut, U.P., India.

2Department of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India.

3Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, India.

Abstract: Now a days Biodynamic agriculture is demand of era which is a form of alternative

agriculture and it is very much similar to organic farming developed in 1924, it was the first of

the organic agriculture movement which treats soil, as well soil fertility, plant growth, by

restricting the use of chemical or synthetic pest controlling agents like pesticides & insecticides.

Thus, the certain types of Active principles which are obtained from natural origin such as

plants, animals and bacteria, fungi or certain minerals and the application of these chemicals is to

stop the growth of the pests found in the medicinal crops. Such as, canola oil/baking soda with

pesticidal applications are considered biopesticides. So, moreover the biopesticides are nontoxic

products or byproducts of plants or animals which are applied to kill the pests without harming

the humans. There are the certain types of advantages were reported about biopesticides such as

they are usually less harmful/toxic and cause less environmental pollutions. These Designed to

only one specific pest. And regarding Cost of biopesticides is significantly lower than those of

synthetic chemical pesticides. For example, the biopesticides and Linalool is active against

mites, and Pyrethrins active against Ants, aphids, roaches, fleas and ticks.

Keywords: Biodynamic agriculture, Limonene, Linalool, Biopesticides.





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Nimesulide: As a Ban Drug and It’s Market in India

Ankita Kishore*1, Poonam Maurya

2, Devender Sharma

3

1Anand college of Pharmacy, Keetham, Agra, U.P., India.

2Department of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, U.P., India.

3Lovely professional university, Punjab, India.

Abstract: Nimesulide is a Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. It is commonly used as a pain

killer. But from a long time the severe hepatotoxic problems of nimesulide is being observed in

India as well as in many other countries. It has been banned in many countries like Finland,

Spain, Ireland, Singapore and it has never been approved for use in countries like USA, UK,

Canada, Australia, New Zealand, Japan and some other countries due to issues over its safety

profile. A press release under The International Society of Drug Bulletins in December 2007, it

was concluded that it should not be marketed in European and some other markets in the world

and it is not offering more benefits on comparison with other NSAIDs, whereas it exposes

patients to a higher risk of fatal hepatic disorders. Indian government banned nimesulide for

human use but only in children below 12 years of age. In Portugal where this medicine is also

marketed, in 2016 a 49 years old woman’s case was detected who had to gone through liver

transplant after 2 weeks of using nimesulide, which was considered to be an autoimmune

disorder provoked by nimesulide. So by seeing these continuous complexities of nimesulide, it

should be totally banned in India by taking the health concern of people. But it is not

implemented still because of a large market of this drug in India. People are using it continuously

either due to unawareness as an OTC medication or many physicians are also prescribing it.

Keywords: Nimesulide, Ban Drug, India, Hepatotoxic, Market.





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Nano-suspension: A Technique for Solubility Enhancement

Deeksha Soni*1, Poonam Maurya

2, Bhuwanendra Singh

3

1Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, M.P., India.

2Department of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, U.P., India.


Abstract: Solubility is the important factor for determining drug’s effectiveness. Now a day

large proportions of drugs are insoluble or less soluble in water and therefore results in poor

bioavailability. Formulation of drug in the suspension form is better and cheapest formulation

approach to improve the solubility of these drugs. But suspensions are unstable from the

thermodynamic point of view. The present article describes the details about how suspension

solves the solubility problems of drugs, merits and demerits of suspension. Review article also

describes why nano-suspensions are formulated to overcome the demerits of suspension, their

method of preparation with their merits and demerits, special properties, evaluation, potential

and limitation of nano-suspension in the field of pharmacy, various routes of delivery and their

application in drug delivery.

Keywords: Solubility, Solubility Enhancement, Suspension, Nano-suspension.





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Herbal Remedies in Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Poonam Maurya*1, Deeksha Soni

2, Bhuwanendra Singh

3, Ankita Kishore

4

1Department of Pharmacy, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India.

2Shri Rawatpura Sarkar Institute of Pharmacy, Datia, India.


4Anand College of Pharmacy, Agra, U.P., India.

Abstract: Rheumatoid arthritis is a most common type of autoimmune disease which results in

progressive disability, systemic complications, early death, and socioeconomic costs. According

to the epidemiological data in India 0.75-1% have rheumatoid disease. It typically affects small

joints like in hands and feet and occasionally large joints like knee, hip and shoulder. Therefore,

before starting the treatment of RA certain goals must be kept in mind such as relief of analgesia,

reduction of inflammation, protection of articular structure, maintenance of function, and control

of systemic involvement. Various treatments of rheumatoid arthritis include NSAIDS,

DMARDs, Biologics, Immunosuppressants, Steroids, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, and

Surgery. These treatments are associated with various long-term risks of drugs. With these

increasing risks of conventional therapy, there is a clear need for development of indigenous,

inexpensive botanical sources for antirheumatic crude or purified drugs. As per Ayurveda and

Hindu literatures like Charka Samhita, Madhav Nidan and Astang Sanghra, there are various

plants, which are supposed to have anti-rheumatic property. In this review, selected species that

have been validated for their antirheumatic properties using laboratory animal models and in

clinical trials using human subjects, and reported in refereed journals are presented.

Keywords: Rheumatoid Arthritis, Autoimmune Disease, Herbal Remedies, Antirheumatic Activity.

https://www.healthline.com/health-news/future-of-jak-inhibitors-for-treatment-of-ra





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Role of [10]- Gingerol in Diabetes Induced by Streptozotocin and High-Fat Diet

Ashutosh Kumar Yadav*1, Reetu

2, Arun Garg

1

1Department of Pharmacology, K.R. Mangalam University, Sohna road, Gurgaon, India.

2Department of Pharmaceutics, K.R. Mangalam University, Sohna road, Gurgaon, India.

Abstract: India is the ‘diabetes capital of the world’ with 62.4 million Indians having type 2

diabetes in 2011. A major risk factor for insulin resistance is obesity, which is generally caused

by regular physical inactivity and high-fat diet (HFD). Obesity and diabetes are closely related to

each other as about 80% diabetics are obese. Obesity is a common finding in Type 2 diabetes.

Wistar rats were used for the study. Animals were divided into six groups. The six groups in this

study were, Group I (Normal control), Group II (Diabetic control), Group III (Glibenclamide @

5 mg/kg p.o.), Group IV (Orlistat @ 60 mg/kg/p.o.), Group V ([10]-gingerol @ 15 mg/kg/p.o.)

and Group VI [10]-gingerol (30 mg/kg/ p.o.), respectively. The anti-diabetic activity was

assessed using blood glucose level, body weight and various biochemical parameters like serum

total cholesterol level (TC), triglyceride (TG) level, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), total

protein (TP), serum alanine transaminase (SGPT) and aspartate aminotransferase (SGOT),

respectively. [10]-gingerol showed antidiabetic effect by significantly decrease the level of blood

glucose, body weight, TC, TG, TP and increase HDL. The results of the study demonstrated that

the treatment with [10]-gingerol significantly (P < 0.05) and dose-dependently prevented STZ

and HFD-induced diabetic rats. The findings of the study suggest that [10]-gingerol possess

potential antidiabetic activity as it lowers serum glucose level.

Keywords: [10]-Gingerol, Diabetes, High-Fat Diet, Streptozotocin.





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Cocrystallization: An Approach to Get Better Solubility and Better

Bioavailability of Poorly Soluble Drugs

Reetu Yadav*, Ashutosh Yadav

K. R. Mangalam University, Sohna Road, Gurugram, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Crystal engineering is generally considered to be the design and growth of crystalline

molecular solids with the aim of impacting material properties. An alternative approach available

for the enhancement of drug solubility, dissolution and bioavailability is through the application

of crystal engineering of co-crystals. The FDA defines co-crystals as ‘solids that are crystalline

material composed of two or more molecule in the same crystal lattice’. Pharmaceutical active

ingredients (APIs) can exist in a variety of distinct solid forms, including polymorphs, solvates,

hydrates, salts, co-crystals and amorphous solids. Each form displays unique physicochemical

properties that can profoundly influence the bioavailability, manufacturability purification,

stability and other performance characteristics of the drugs. Slurring technique and Solvent

evaporation technique is commonly used for the preparation of co-crystals. In this technique both

drug substance and coformers are dissolved in a common solvent and allowed to slow

evaporation of a solvent. The technique works on the principle of formation of hydrogen bond in

favorable drug substance and complementary coformers. The key benefits associated with co-

crystallization approach to modify properties of pharmaceutical solids are the theoretical

capability of all types of drug molecules, including weakly ionizable and non-ionizable, to form

cocrystals, and the existence of numerous, potential counter molecules, including food additives,

preservatives, pharmaceutical excipients as well as other APIs, for cocrystal synthesis.

Keywords: Co-crystallization, Crystal Engineering, Improve Solubility.





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A Review on Marketed Dengue Supplements

Suraj Mandal*, Bhuwanendra Singh, KM Shiva, Suhail Malik

NKBR College of Pharmacy & Research Centre, Meerut, U.P., India.

Abstract: In this review, there is detail description of the supplements present in the market for

the treatment of dengue a deadly viral disease. According to WHO survey, 40% of the

population, all around the world are affected by this disease. Information and data’s were

collected from various published review articles, research papers, web pages and other online

data base which are related to the topic. Dengue can be transmitted by the mosquitoes (Aedes

aegypti) which are infected with one of the four dengue virus serotypes. At present there is no

therapeutic treatment for this serotype dengue and there are no proper medications available for

this. It is found that the supplements of C. papaya leave have shown promising prospect due to

the platelet increasing property, which is helpful for the dengue treatment. At the end of this

review there should more emphasize on herbal formulation C. papaya for improvisation and

modernization for better patient care.

Keywords: Carica papaya Leaves, Dengue, Supplements.





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Impact of Nanotechnology on Drug Delivery

Mukund Lata Bharti


Abstract: The emergence of nanotechnology platforms can enable development and

commercialization of entirely new classes of bioactive macromolecules that need precise

intracellular delivery for bioactivity. While both organic and inorganic technologies are under

development, controlled-release polymer technologies and liposomes will likely continue to have

the greatest clinical impact for the foreseeable future. Nanotechnology offers multiple benefits in

treating chronic human diseases by site-specific and target-oriented delivery of precise

medicines. Recently, there are a number of outstanding applications of the nanomedicine

(chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents etc.) in the treatment of

various diseases. The current review, presents an updated summary of recent advances in the

field of nanomedicines and nano based drug delivery systems through comprehensive scrutiny of

the discovery and application of nanomaterials in improving both the efficacy of novel and old

drugs (e.g., natural products) and selective diagnosis through disease marker molecules. The

opportunities and challenges of nanomedicines in drug delivery from synthetic/natural sources to

their clinical applications are also discussed. In addition, we have included information regarding

the trends and perspectives in nanomedicine area.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, natural products.





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Pharmacological Analysis of Plant Extracts Supplementation on Oxidative

Stress Parameters in Drosophila Melanogaster

Usha Rani*1,2

, Manvender Singh1 and Krishan Kumar Selwal

2

1Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Maharshi

Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

2Department of Biotechnology, DCR University of Science & Technology, Murthal (Sonipat),

Haryana, India

Abstract: Oxidative stress has been shown to play major role in ageing and it increases with the

age. The main cause of oxidative stress induced damage is generation of reactive oxygen species

(ROS), a highly reactive molecule that results an imbalance in aerobic metabolism and gives rise

to disturbance in cellular homeostasis. Diet is an important factor in aging processes. Dietary

phenolics are beneficial for health and longevity by reducing oxidative stress and regulating

signal transduction and gene expression. In the present study, pharmacological properties of

plant extract were analyzed on the biomarkers of oxidative stress (SOD and Catalase) and fitness

parameters in Drosophila. As we all know that the Drosophila melanogaster has been intensely

studied for almost 100 years due to the sophisticated array of genetic and molecular tools that

have evolved for analysis of gene function in this organism. It was observed that

supplementation of plant extract reduces oxidative stress, promotes health and delays ageing.

Thus, addition of antioxidants in diet maintains the balance between oxidative stress and

antioxidant enzymes and increases the longevity.

Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Reactive Oxygen Species, Plant Extract, SOD, Lipid Peroxidation.





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The Convergence of Stem Cell Technologies and Phenotypic Drug Discovery

Vanshika*, Abhishek Dabra

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy; Yamunanagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Recent advances in induced pluripotent stem cell technologies and phenotypic

screening shape the future of bioactive small-molecule discovery. The review is about the

analysis of the impact of small-molecule phenotypic screens on drug discovery as well as on the

investigation of human development and disease biology. We further examine the role of 3D

spheroid/organoid structures, microfluidic systems, and miniaturized on-a-chip systems for

future discovery strategies. In highlighting representative examples, we analyze how recent

achievements can translate into future therapies. Finally, we discuss remaining challenges that

need to be overcome for the adaptation of the next generation of screening approaches.

Keywords: Drug discovery, iPSCs, phenotypic screening, Small molecules, Stem cells.





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Cancer Cell Fusion: A Potential Target to Tackle Drug-Resistant and

Metastatic Cancer Cells

Sonali*, Abhishek Dabra


Abstract: Cell fusion is an integral, established phenomenon underlying various physiological

processes in the cell cycle. Although research in cancer metastasis has hypothesized numerous

molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways responsible for invasion and metastasis, the

origin and progression of metastatic cells within primary tumors remain unclear. Recently, the

role of cancer cell fusion in cancer metastasis and development of multidrug resistance (MDR) in

tumors has gained prominence. However, evidence remains lacking to justify the role of cell

fusion in cancer metastasis and drug resistance. Here, I highlight plausible mechanisms

governing cell fusion with different cell types in the tumors microenvironment (TME), the

clinical relevance of cancer cell fusion, its potential as a target to overcoming MDR and

inhibiting metastasis, and putative modes of treatment.

Keywords: Tumor, Metastasis, Invasion, Drug Resistance, Tumors Microenvironment.





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Quality Audit of Herbal Fomulations: Todays’ Need

Geeta Deswal

Guru Gobind Singh College of pharmacy, Yamuna Nagar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: Since from the ancient times, herbal plants are being used as medicinal agents. Due to

advancements in technologies, scientists, medicinal chemist, academicians, scholars shows keen

interest in exploring the therapeutic potential of herbals, the plants or plant extracts have been

combined so as to impart synergistic effects or multiple effects and thus formulated as herbal

formulations which now a days had gained tremendous importance. The major positive point

associated with such formulations is their high efficacy as well as the minimal adverse effects

associated with their use. However, the variation associated with the growth and development of

the plants, with respect to their geographical, climatic, harvesting, irrigation variations, also

affect the quality, efficacy and safety related to plants. Therefore, there is a need to standardize

the plants as well as the formulations prepared by using their combinations. Thus, it includes

suboptimal standardization, in terms of identity, purity, quality, efficacy and safety, has

questioned their efficiency in treating various disorders. The quality auditing procedures includes

analysis of moisture content, ash value and pH, presence of heavy metals, pesticidal residue,

microbial contamination or many more.

Keywords: Synergistic effects, Standardization, Irrigation Variations.





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Molecular Docking Studies of 2-amiothiazole Derivatives as Antimicrobial

Agents

Dr. Vikarmjeet Singh

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: New sequences of 2-aminothiazole derivatives with a wide range of substitutions at

different positions were designed and synthesized using molecular docking. These classes of

organic compounds were evaluated for their promising potential against antibacterial, antifungal,

anti-HIV, antioxidant, antitumor. Some new functional moiety 2,3-dihydrothiazoles and 4-

thiazolidinones docketed was reported as active against Bacillissubtilis, B. subtilis and

Streptococcus pneumoniae. Molecular docking studies showed that the produced complexes

might act as inhibitors for the microbial enzyme. This study is a platform for the future design of

more potent antimicrobial agents.

Keywords: Molecular docking, Antimicrobial agents, 2-aminothiazole derivatives, etc.





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Synthesis of Thiazole Derivatives as Antimicrobial Candidates

Dr. Manoj Medal

Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana, India.

Abstract: In these present studies going to develop new antimicrobials, we synthesize of a new

class of novel structural derivatives, which include bioactive structure a thiazole to yield

stimulating antimicrobial properties. These compounds were screened in-vitro for their

antibacterial and antifungal activities. Evaluation of antibacterial activity showed that almost all

the compounds demonstrated better activity than reference drugs and thus could be promising

unique drug candidates.

Keywords: Thiazole Derivatives, Antimicrobial Agents, In-vitro studies, Antibacterial Agents.





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Hypertension: A Risk Factor for Future

Rohit*, Harshit Garg, Kapil Kumar and Parveen Kumar

Shri Ram college of Pharmacy, Indri Road, Ramba, Karnal, India.

Abstract: Hypertension is one of the major risk factor for the occurrence of death from

cardiovascular diseases having numerous deformities. According to WHO/ ISH hypertension is

defined as a systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or greater and/or a diastolic blood pressure of

90 mmHg or greater. Development of primary hypertension condition is because abnormally

high in the blood volume in the body and it develops gradually develops over the long time or

years. The major risk factors associated with hypertension include family history of

hypertension, ethnicity, high salt intake, 35 years of age and old, stress, obesity, insulin

resistance, low physical activity, more consumption of alcohol, smoking, and process of aging.

The occurrence of secondary hypertension is found to be near around 5-6% of all hypertensive

cases. Hypertension is one of the very serious risk factor and responsible for different heart

diseases and strokes. It is one of leading and the primary reason of heart mortality. In USA

approximately 30% of adult death is because of hypertension. In 2007–2010, high blood pressure

occurrence between the grown-up population aged ≥18 was 27% while the age-adjusted

incidence of hypertension control was 48%. Individuals who are between 65 and older are

among those with the highest rate of hypertension (72%),

Keyword: Hypertension, Risk Factor, Blood Pressure, Stroke.





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Herbal Cosmetics: A New Perspective

Priyanka Bindlish


Abstract: Herbal cosmetics are formulated using different cosmetic ingredients to form the

base in which one or more herbal ingredients are used to cure various skin ailments. Herbal

cosmetics are natural and free from all the harmful synthetic chemicals which may prove to be

toxic to the skin. Compared to other beauty products, natural cosmetics are safe to use.

Cosmeceuticals are cosmetic-pharmaceutical hybrid products that are intended to improve the

health and beauty of the skin by providing a specific result, ranging from acne-control and anti-

wrinkle effects, to sun protection. Cosmeceuticals have various medicinal benefits which affect

the biological functioning of skin depending upon type of functional ingredients they contain.

These are used for beautification but also for different skin ailments. These products improve

the functioning/texture of the skin by boosting collagen growth and eradicating harmful effects

of free radicals, maintain keratin structure in good condition and making the skin healthier.

There are numerous herbs available naturally having different uses in cosmetic preparations for

skincare, hair care and as antioxidants. The current article highlights importance of herbal

cosmetics, the herbs used in them and their advantages over the synthetic counterparts.

Key Words: Herbal Cosmetic, Acne-control, Anti-wrinkle, Anti-oxidants, Cosmetics.





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Osmotic Drug Delivery System

Deepak Singla*, Abhishek Dabra


Abstract: Conventional drug delivery systems have little control over their drug release and

almost no control over the effective concentration at the target site. The major problem

associated with conventional drug delivery system is unpredictable plasma concentrations.

Osmotic devices are the most promising strategy based systems for controlled drug delivery.

They are the most reliable controlled drug delivery systems and could be employed as oral drug

delivery systems. The osmotic drug delivery system is concerned with the study of drug release

systems which are tablets coated with walls of controlled porosity. When these systems are

exposed to water, low levels of water soluble additive is leached from polymeric material i.e.

semi permeable membrane and drug releases in a controlled manner over an extended period of

time. Drug delivery from this system is not influenced by the different physiological factors

within the gut lumen and the release characteristics can be predicted easily from the known

properties of the drug and the dosage form. In this paper, various types of osmotically controlled

drug delivery systems and the basic components of controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets

have been discussed briefly.

Keywords: Osmotic Pump, Controlled-Porosity Osmotic Pump Tablet.





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Emergence of Co-processed Excipient as a Boon for Pharmaceutical Sector

Etisha Goel

Guru Gobind Singh College of Pharmacy, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India

Abstract: Excipient in pharmaceuticals referred as non-active substances that are combined

together with therapeutically active compounds to form medicines. It is a substance other than

active ingredient that does not have its own therapeutic value. Co-processing is defined as a

combination of two or more excipients designed to modify their properties in a manner not

achievable by simple physical mixing and without significant chemical change leading to the

formation of excipients that granulate with superior properties as compared to conventionally

used excipients. A number of plant based natural sources are available and researchers have

explored their activity as co-processed excipient and development of a stable formulation of

natural origin. Plant products are considered superior over synthetic products because of local

availability, environment‐friendly nature and they replenish naturally with passage of time, biodegradable. Excipient in pharmaceuticals referred as non-active substances that are combined

together with therapeutically active compounds to form medicines. It is a substance other than

active ingredient that does not have its own therapeutic value. Co-processing is defined as a

combination of two or more excipients designed to modify their properties in a manner not

achievable by simple physical mixing and without significant chemical change leading to the

formation of excipients that granulate with superior properties as compared to conventionally

used excipients. A number of plant based natural sources are available and researchers have

explored their activity as co-processed excipient and development of a stable formulation of

natural origin. Plant products are considered superior over synthetic products because of local

availability, environment‐friendly nature and they replenish naturally with passage of time, biodegradable.

Keywords: Co-processed Excipients, Directly Compressible Excipients, Herbal Combinations.





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Morpholino-Pyrimidine Derivatives as Novel Class of Kinase Inhibitor-A

Review

Isha Rani*1,2

, Anju Goyal 2

1,2MM School of Pharmacy, MM University-Sadopur, (Ambala) Haryana-India

2Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab-India.

Abstract: Morpholine is an organic heterocyclic compound with molecular formula O(CH2

CH2)2NH. It is also known as (1, 4-tetrahydro-oxazine). And pyrimidine is also an important

heterocyclic compound which is six membered ring with two nitrogen atom at position 1 and 3.

It is evidenced through various research and review articles that pyrimidine based derivatives

inhibit various receptors/proteins involved in tumor proliferation. It is also reported in literature

that human genome conceal 538 protein kinase which are responsible for human cancer initiation

and development. Morpholino-pyrimidine derivatives proved as potent and selective kinase

inhibitors specially phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mammalian target of rapamycin

(mTOR) inhibitors. These compounds show kinase inhibition at very low micromolar or nano

molar level. Thus Morpholino-pyrimidine as a lead has tremendous scope for research in this

direction.

Keywords: Morpholino-pyrimidine Derivatives, Anti-cancer, Protein Kinase, Kinase Inhibitor.





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Pharmacological Analysis of Plant Extracts Supplementation on Oxidative

Stress Parameters in Drosophila melanogaster

Usha Rani*1,2

, Manvender Singh1 and Krishan Kumar Selwal

2

1Department of Biotechnology, University Institute of Engineering & Technology, Maharshi

Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

2Department of Biotechnology, DCR University of Science & Technology, Murthal (Sonipat),

Haryana, India

Abstract: Oxidative stress has been shown to play major role in ageing and it increases with the

age. The main cause of oxidative stress induced damage is generation of reactive oxygen species

(ROS), a highly reactive molecule that results an imbalance in aerobic metabolism and gives rise

to disturbance in cellular homeostasis. Diet is an important factor in aging processes. Dietary

phenolics are beneficial for health and longevity by reducing oxidative stress and regulating

signal transduction and gene expression. In the present study, pharmacological properties of

plant extract were analyzed on the biomarkers of oxidative stress (SOD and Catalase) and fitness

parameters in Drosophila. As we all know that the Drosophila melanogaster has been intensely

studied for almost 100 years due to the sophisticated array of genetic and molecular tools that

have evolved for analysis of gene function in this organism. It was observed that

supplementation of plant extract reduces oxidative stress, promotes health and delays ageing.

Thus, addition of antioxidants in diet maintains the balance between oxidative stress and

antioxidant enzymes and increases the longevity.

Keywords: Oxidative Stress, Reactive Oxygen Species, Plant Extract, SOD, Lipid Peroxidation.





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Synthesis of Some Novel Piperine Analogues As Antitubercular Agent: In

Silico Approach

Sakshi Bhardwaj*, Amit Kumar Das

Krupanidhi College of Pharmacy, 12/1, ChikkaBellandur, Carmelaram Post, Varthur Hobli,

Bangalore 560035, Karnataka. India.

Abstract: Piperine is an alkaloid and has known to possess many pharmacological activities.

Piperine also acts as activity potentiator or bioenhancer of some classes of drugs such as those

employed in the treatment of tuberculosis, depression, anxiety and epilepsy. Piperine, has

received enormous attention in the last two decades as a versatile bioactive molecule with

structural components: methylenedioxyphenyl ring, side chain with conjugated double bond and

basic piperidine moiety attached through a carbonylamide linkage to the side chain. The present

study was done with an aim to explore the docking potential of 70 novel piperine analogues for

their anti-tubercular activity against Mycobacterium Tuberculosis using Glide tool of

Schrodinger. Molecular docking studies were performed on these novel piperine derivatives

using protein with PDB ID: 5DUC to understand the binding interactions between ligands and

target protein. The binding energies of the compounds ranging from – 7. 155 kcal/mol to -6.547

kcal/mol. The results suggested that the ligand with good binding energy interacts through

hydrogen bonding as well as pi-pi interactions with amino acids of protein. Ligands which

showed lowest binding energy with high stability are Schiff’s bases having carbonylamide

benzene ring substituted with electronegative atoms.

Keywords: Piperine, Pharmacological Activities, Molecular Docking, Derivatives.





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Fluoro-quinolone derivative:-Moxifloxacin Eye drops Formulation for

treating bacterial and fungal infection.

Yogita Chowdhary, Nisha Tomar*, Qurratul Ain, Shabnam Ain, Shilpa M, Babita Kumar

Sanskar College of Pharmacy & Research, Jindal Nagar, Ghaziabad, India.

Abstract: The development of this Moxifloxacin eye drops is ease of administration and for

better patient compliance. The formulation designed is Isotonic with a pH 6.7. Boric acid is

added with antibiotic properties against fungal and bacterial infection also to wash, cleanse eyes

and to irrigate the eyes. Sodium hydroxide and Sodium chloride was added to maintain pH of the

formulation and also to reduce swelling of cornea which may lessen eye discomfort, irritation

and swelling. EDTA was also added to formulation which acts as chelating agent that is used in

treatment of corneal ulcers. Benzalkonium chloride is used as preservative in the formulation.

The present formulation is a viable alternative to conventional eye drops by virtue of its

availability to enhance bioavailability through its longer precorneal residence time and ability to

sustain drug release. Moxifloxacin is an anti-bacterial which is effective against gram positive

and gram negative bacteria. Moxifloxacin is used to treat the acute bacterial sinusitis, acute

bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis and community of acquired pneumonia caused by

susceptible organisms. The drug is an antibiotic of the fourth-generation fluoroquinolone family

inhibits the bacterial enzymes DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV. Topical fluroquinolones are

considered better for treating pink eye condition, due to resistant pathogenic conditions of

bacteria which can increase infection and discomfort

Keywords: Morfloxacin, Benzalkonium chloride, Conjuctivitis.

Documents

A BRIEF ABOUT ORGANIZING COMMITTEES › conf › file-8 › conffile8.pdfA BRIEF ABOUT ORGANIZING COMMITTEES Patron x S. Randeep Singh Jauhar, President, Guru Nanak Khalsa Group of