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A Bibliographic Roadmap miscellany
Vocabularies in space, time, and nets
Gordon DunsirePresented to NISO BibRM Group
20 November 2015
Overview
1. Multilingual vocabularies: vocabularies in space
2. Describing change: vocabularies in time3. Semantic maps: vocabularies in nets
Types of vocabulary
Vocabulary Definition* In scopeDataset Set of triples about individuals or
things.No
Value vocabulary
Set of triples about values for use in datasets.
Yes
Element set Set of triples about properties and classes for use in datasets.
Yes
*http://www.w3.org/2005/Incubator/lld/XGR-lld-vocabdataset-20111025/
Multilingual vocabulariesVocabularies in space
Multilingual vocabularies
Direct translations of element set (class and property) and value concept labels, definitions, notations, etc.Use RDF separation of machine-readable identifier
(URI) from human-readable (translatable!) data (literal).
One URI + multiple labels in multiple languagesLinking vocabularies developed independently
in different languages involves Semantic maps
http://metadataregistry.org/concept/show/id/4675.html
25 languages1 URI
Spanish translation of English property
InflectedLanguages
vs1 x
preference
AvoidInflected
Labels(adjectives)
Canonical URI (language-free)
Lexical alias
rdam:typeDeMédia.fr
rdam:medientyp.de
rdam:tipoDeMedio.es
Issues
Linked data structures cannot always be applied consistently across languagesInflected languagesSubject-predicate-object syntax may not be
compatible; e.g. verbalized predicate labels(is) donor (of)(has) donor
Translations may not be direct/exactConceptual mis-alignment
Describing changeVocabularies in time
Versioning
Vocabularies changeAdditions, deletions, amendments, typos
Linked open data is designed for persistenceCf Lots of Copies Keep Stuff Safe (LOCKSS)Lots of out-of-date stuff cannot be removed
Deletion is not helpful; deprecation isSemantic coherency requires consistencySemantic versioning helps applications decide
Alert feed
Changehistory(atomic)
Semantic versioning (RDA)A change that has no effect on the semantics of any
Element will result in a 'patch' version that will increment the third segment of the number: "1.1.X"
A change that affects the semantics of any property of any Element will result in a 'minor' version that will increment the second segment "1.X.0", and reset the third segment to 0
A change that breaks backwards semantic compatibility will result in a 'major' version change that increments the first segment "X.0.0", and resets the other segments to 0. We expect major versions to be extremely rare.
GitHubVersionControl
Roll-back to previous versions allows applicationsto synchronize with compatible (semantic) version
Status keeps track of development
Deprecationmap helps
applicationsre-synch
Semantic mapsVocabularies in nets
Semantic mapping
Links two classes, properties, or conceptsfrom the same or different namespaces
a:Class
b:Class
a:property
b:property
a:concept
b:concept
sub-property ofsub-class of narrower of
coarse/dumb
fine/smart
Equivalence
Unconstrainedversions
Map of“Audience”
umarc:m “adult, general”
“adult, serious”
pbcore:adult “adult”
m21:e “adult”
MPAA:NC-17?
BBFC:18?
Element sets (schema)
Value vocabularies (KOS)
Broader/narrower/same?
m21:“Target audience of …”
m21:“Target audience” frbrer:
“has intended audience”
schema:“audience”
dct:“audience”
rdau:“Intended audience”
isbd:“has note on use or audience”
isbdu:“has note on use or audience”
rdaw:“Intended audience”
rdfs:subPropertyOf
umarc:k
ex:“has label”ex:
Property1 “has author”@en
ex:Property2
ex:“is sub-propertyof”
“has creator”@enex:“has label”
Inference rules: sub-property
ex:“This work” “Gordon Dunsire”
ex:“has author”
ex:“This work” “Gordon Dunsire”
ex:“has creator”
Unconstrained properties
ISBDURDAU
ISBDRDA
WorkExpression
ManifestationItem
Resource
[Linked data cloud, not RDF graph]
Unconstrained(No entitySpecified)
Remove semanticsof (dumb-down)
specific classes
Discussion
http://www.gordondunsire.com/presentations.htm
http://www.gordondunsire.com/publicationsrecent.htm
https://www.w3.org/community/bpmlod/Best Practices for Multilingual Linked Open Data
http://www.rdaregistry.info/rgAbout/versions.html
http://www.rdaregistry.info/Maps/