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Public International LawFourth edition

The fourth edition of Public International Law provides a very readable, lively, detailed andeasily understood introduction to the fundamental principles and structures of inter-national law without compromising on analysis and depth of coverage.

Whilst the traditional topics of public international law are central to this book, newdevelopments including the impact of Kosovos unilateral declaration of independencefrom Serbia, the ght against terrorism, the implications of cases currently pending beforethe International Court of Justice on State immunity and the exercise of universal juris-diction by States are also detailed. In addition, new actors on the international stage such asnon-governmental organisations, multinational corporations and terrorist groups, areidentied, examined and commented upon.

The entire stance of the book allows the reader to appreciate the historic perspectiveand the evolving nature of public international law. This new edition includes an enhancedlayout and student-friendly features such as advice on further reading, highlighted cases,aides-mmoire chapter outlines and summaries.

Alina Kaczorowska is Professor of International and European Union Law at theUniversity of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus, Barbados. She is also the author of theRoutledge textbook European Union Law.

Public International LawFourth edition

Alina Kaczorowska

Published 2010by Routledge2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon, OX14 4RN

Simultaneously published in the USA and Canadaby Routledge270 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016

Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business

First published 2002Third edition 2005

2010 Alina Kaczorowska

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised inany form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafterinvented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage orretrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.

British Library Cataloguing in Publication DataA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataKaczorowska, Alina.

Public international law / Alina Kaczorowska. 4th ed.p. cm.

1. International law. I. Title.KZ3410.K33 2010341 dc22 2009053403

ISBN10: 0-415-56682-7 (hbk)ISBN10: 0-415-56685-1 (pbk)ISBN10: 0-203-84847-0 (ebk)

ISBN13: 978-0-415-56682-7 (hbk)ISBN13: 978-0-415-56685-8 (pbk)ISBN13: 978-0-203-84847-0 (ebk)

This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2010.

To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledgescollection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk.

ISBN 0-203-84847-0 Master e-book ISBN

Outline Contents

Preface xiiiTable of Cases xvTable of Statutes xxixTable of Treaties xxxiiiTable of Other Documents liList of Abbreviations lix

1 History and Nature of International Law 12 Sources of International Law 253 The Law of Treaties 764 International Law and Municipal Law 1425 International Personality 1756 Recognition of States, Governments and

Intergovernmental Organisations in International Law 2217 Territorial Sovereignty 2598 Jurisdiction 3089 Immunity from National Jurisdiction 352

10 State Responsibility for Wrongful Acts 41711 An Overview of the International Protection of Human Rights 49112 Self-Determination of Peoples 57313 Peaceful Settlement of Disputes between States 61514 The Use of Force 68715 Collective Security 74516 International Humanitarian Law 783

Glossary of Latin and Foreign Words and Maxims 855Index 861

Detailed Contents

Preface xiiiTable of Cases xvTable of Statutes xxixTable of Treaties xxxiiiTable of Other Documents liList of Abbreviations lix

1 HISTORY AND NATURE OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 11.1 Definition of International Law 61.2 A Brief History of International Law 71.3 The Nature of International Law 141.4 Enforcement of International Law 161.5 Situations to which International Law is Relevant 19

2 SOURCES OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 252.1 Introduction 312.2 Treaties 332.3 International Custom 352.4 The Relationship between Treaties and International

Custom 422.5 Special Rules of Customary International Law: Jus Cogens

and Rules Creating Erga Omnes Obligations 482.6 General Principles of International Law 522.7 Judicial Decisions 562.8 The Writings of Publicists 592.9 Equity 602.10 Secondary Law of International Governmental

Organisations (IGOs) 622.11 Declarations An Uncertain Source? 642.12 Soft Law 642.13 Codification of International Law: The Contribution of

the International Law Commission (ILC) 70

3 THE LAW OF TREATIES 763.1 Introduction 873.2 The Main Features of the 1969 Vienna Convention on

the Law of Treaties (VCLT) 88

3.3 The Fundamental Principles of the Law of Treaties 903.4 The Definition of a Treaty under the VCLT 923.5 Conclusion of Treaties 943.6 Reservations to Treaties 983.7 Interpretative and Conditional Interpretative

Declarations and their Relationship with Reservations 1053.8 Entry into Force, Deposit, Registration and Publication of

Treaties 1073.9 Validity of Treaties 1093.10 Application of Treaties 1163.11 Amendment and Modification of Treaties 1203.12 Interpretation of Treaties 1223.13 Termination and Suspension of Treaties 1273.14 Settlement of Disputes 134

4 INTERNATIONAL LAW AND MUNICIPAL LAW 1424.1 Introduction 1464.2 The Relationship between International Law and

Municipal Law 1464.3 Municipal Law before International Courts and Tribunals 1494.4 International Law before UK Courts 1524.5 European Union (EU) Law in UK Courts 170

5 INTERNATIONAL PERSONALITY 1755.1 Introduction 1825.2 States and the Criteria for Statehood 1855.3 Independent States 1925.4 Dependent States 1945.5 Sui Generis Entities 1975.6 Internationalised Territories 1985.7 De Facto Regimes 2005.8 Mandates and Trusteeship Territories 2015.9 Insurgents, Belligerents and National Liberation

Movements 2025.10 Territories under UN Administration 2035.11 International Governmental Organisations (IGOs) 2045.12 Individuals 2075.13 Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) 2145.14 Multinational Corporations (MNCs) 216

D E TA I L E D C O N T E N T Sviii

6 RECOGNITION OF STATES, GOVERNMENTS ANDINTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS ININTERNATIONAL LAW 221

6.1 Introduction 2246.2 Recognition of a State in International Law 2256.3 Recognition of Governments 2366.4 Recognition of States and Governments in the Municipal

Law of England 2396.5 Recognition of IGOs in the Municipal Law of England 252

7 TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGNTY 2597.1 Introduction 2657.2 Different Types of Territorial Sovereignty 2667.3 The Principles and Rules Applicable to the Acquisition of

Title to Territory 2687.4 The Modes of Acquisition of Title to Territory 2767.5 Other Circumstances Relevant to the Acquisition of Territory 2927.6 The Acquisition of Territory in Polar Regions 2967.7 Restrictions on the Transfer of Territory 2997.8 The Loss of Territory 2997.9 Rights over Parts of Territory of a Foreign State:

International Leases and Servitudes 300

8 JURISDICTION 3088.1 Introduction 3128.2 The Territoriality Principle 3158.3 The Nationality Principle 3178.4 The Protective Principle 3188.5 The Passive Personality Principle 3228.6 The Universality Principle 3248.7 Universal Jurisdiction in Tort 3378.8 Concurrent Jurisdiction 3388.9 The Effects Doctrine 3408.10 Jurisdiction to Adjudicate 3448.11 Jurisdiction to Enforce 346

9 IMMUNITY FROM NATIONAL JURISDICTION 3529.1 Introduction 3579.2 State Immunity, Non-Justiciability and the Act of State

Doctrine 3589.3 State Immunity and its Evolution 362

D E TA I L E D C O N T E N T S ix

9.4 The Terrorism Exception to State Immunity under the 1976 USForeign Sovereign Immunities Act (FSIA) and its Amendments 384

9.5 UK Law on State Immunity: The 1978 State ImmunityAct (SIA) and the Common Law 386

9.6 The 2004 UN Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities ofStates and Their Property (The UN Immunity Convention) 392

9.7 Immunity of Heads of State and other High RankingState Officials 395

9.8 Diplomatic Immunity 3999.9 Quasi-Diplomatic Privileges and Immunities 4079.10 Immunities of International Governmental

Organisations (IGOs) 4079.11 Immunities of Visiting Armed Forces 413

10 STATE RESPONSIBILITY FOR WRONGFUL ACTS 41710.1 Introduction 42410.2 The Theories on State Responsibility 42710.3 Imputability 43110.4 Direct and Indirect International Wrongs 43710.5 Direct International Wrongs: Aggrieved Responsibility 43710.6 Direct International Wrongs: Ordinary Responsibility 44010.7 Indirect International Wrongs: The Treatment of Aliens 44310.8 The Treatment of Aliens: Admission and Expulsion 44610.9 The Treatment of Aliens: Denial of Justice 44910.10 The Treatment of Aliens: Expropriation of Foreign Property 45010.11 Admissibility of State Claims: Diplomatic Protection 45810.12 Circumstances Precluding Wrongfulness 47710.13 Consequences of Invoking a Circumstance Precluding

Wrongfulness 48110.14 Reparation for Injury 481

11 AN OVERVIEW OF THE INTERNATIONALPROTECTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS 491

11.1 Introduction 49911.2 The International Bill of Human Rights: The Universal

Declaration of Human Rights and its Implementation through the1966 Covenants 505

11.3 Other Major UN Human Rights Treaties 51611.4 The UN Human Rights Enforcement Machinery 52611.5 Regional Arrangements for the Promotion and

Protection of Human Rights 532

D E TA I L E D C O N T E N T Sx

11.6 Human Rights in Customary Law and as Rules ofJus Cogens 565

11.7 General Conclusions 566

12 SELF-DETERMINATION OF PEOPLES 57312.1 Introduction 57912.2 The Evolution of the Principle of Self-Determination:

From a Political Concept to a Legal Concept 58112.3 Decolonisation 58812.4 The Limit of the Right to Self-Determination in the

Colonial Context 59112.5 The Extension of the Right to Self-Determination to

People Living under Racist Regimes and ForeignDomination 592

12.6 The Right to Self-Determination as a Human Right 59812.7 Self-Determination in the Post-Cold War Era 60012.8 Conclusion 611

13 PEACEFUL SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES BETWEENSTATES 615

13.1 Introduction 62113.2 Diplomatic Means of Dispute Settlement between States 62213.3 Arbitration 62513.4 Mixed Claims Commissions 63313.5 From the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)

to the International Court of Justice (ICJ) 63413.6 The ICJ: Functions, Composition and Organisation 63713.7 The ICJ: Contentious Jurisdiction 64113.8 The ICJ: Advisory Jurisdiction 67213.9 Assessment of the ICJ 678

14 THE USE OF FORCE 68714.1 Introduction 69314.2 From the Right to Wage War to a Total Prohibition of War 69414.3 The Prohibition of the Threat or Use of Force under the

UN Charter 70014.4 Exceptions to the Prohibition of the Threat or the Use of

Force Based on Self-Defence 70514.5 Collective Self-Defence 72714.6 Controversial Uses of Force 729

D E TA I L E D C O N T E N T S xi

15 COLLECTIVE SECURITY 74515.1 Introduction 74915.2 The Role of the UNSC in the Maintenance of

International Peace and Security 75315.3 The Role of the UNGA in the Maintenance of

International Peace and Security: The Uniting for PeaceResolution 765

15.4 UN Peacekeeping and its Role in the Maintenance ofInternational Peace and Security 770

15.5 Regional Arrangements and Agencies and their Role inthe Maintenance of International Peace and Security 775

16 INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN LAW 78316.1 Introduction 79016.2 The Fundamental Principles of IHL 79216.3 The Law Relating to the Conduct of Armed Conflicts

(The Hague Law) 79916.4 The Law Relating to the Protection of Victims of Armed

Conflicts (The Geneva Law) 81816.5 The Scope of Application and the Content of IHL 82116.6 Breaches of IHL 84416.7 The Role of the International Committee of the Red

Cross (ICRC) 847

Glossary of Latin and Foreign Words and Maxims 855Index 861

D E TA I L E D C O N T E N T Sxii

Preface

In this new edition, I have again sought to present the fundamental aspects of publicinternational law in a clear, easy to understand and simple way.

I am delighted that my publishers have organized an up-to-the-minute easy to read layout of all the relevant material. Those familiar with previous editions will notice that themain body of each chapter starts with a detailed summary of its main content and endswith an aide-mmoire. I am also pleased to be able to say that the book continues to serveas a very convenient three-in-one in that in addition to being a textbook, all leading casesare examined and commented upon, and all important materials are incorporated.

Whilst not ignoring the sometimes fascinating origins of what has developed intotodays public international law, and indeed examining the present state of the main bodyof that law, this book also looks into the future. For example, consideration is given tosome extremely important cases which are, at the time of writing, pending before theInternational Court of Justice. These are: the Case Concerning Certain Criminal Proceedings in France(Republic of the Congo v France); the Case Concerning the Obligation to Prosecute or Extradite (Belgium vSenegal); the Case Concerning Jurisdictional Immunities of the State (Germany v Italy); and the Requestfor an Advisory Opinion on the Question of Accordance with International Law of theUnilateral Declaration of Independence by the Provisional Institutions of Self-Governmentof Kosovo. The outcomes of these cases are expected to have very substantial impacts onthe relevant areas of international law.

I am very grateful to all those who have supported, encouraged and enthused me ingetting this fourth edition to press, in particular my editor, the ecient, kind, helpful,intuitive and patient Fiona Kinnear, and my ever wonderful text reviewer Mr GerardConway, lecturer in law at Brunel Law School at Brunel University. I would like to conveymy gratitude for assistance, understanding and co-operation to those in authority at theUniversity of the West Indies and to my colleagues at the Faculty of Law, Cave Hill Campus,Barbados.

As always, I hope this book will be your friend in understanding the ever-changing butfascinating landscape of public international law.

Account has been taken of changes in the law up to 1 December 2009.

Alina Kaczorowska

Table of Cases

AAS &DD v Secretary of State for the Home

Department [2008] EWCA Civ 289(Ct App) 525

aland Islands Case (1920) LNOJ Spec SuppNo 3 301, 578, 584, 607, 613

Abebe-Jira v Negewo, 72 F 3d 844(11th Cir 1996) 338

Accordance with International Law of theUnilateral Declaration of Independence bythe Provisional Institutions of Self-Government of Kosovo (Advisory Opinion)[1998] 2 SCR 217 602, 608, 611

Adams v Adams (Attorney-General Intervening)[1971] P 188 242

Admissibility of Hearings of Petitioners by theCommittee on South West Africa (AdvisoryOpinion) [1956] ICJ Rep 20 676

Aegean Sea Continental Shelf Case: Greece vTurkey [1978] ICJ Rep 3 272, 680

Aerial Incident of 27 July 1955 Case Israel vBulgaria [1960] ICJ Rep 146 476

Aerial Incident of 27 July 1955 Case Israel vBulgaria (Preliminary Objections) [1959]ICJ Rep 127 476, 488, 653, 654

Agrotexim v Greece (1996) 21 EHRR 250 557

Ahlstrm and Others v EC Commission JoinedCases 89, 104, 114, 116, 117 and125129/85 (Wood Pulp Cases) [1988]ECR 5193; [1988] 4 CMLR 901 312,341, 342, 350

Ahlstrm and Others v EC Commission JoinedCases 89, 104, 114, 116, 117 and125129/85 (Wood Pulp Cases) [1993]4 CMLR 407 312, 341, 342,350

Alabama Claims Arbitration (1872) Moore,1 Int Arb 495 150, 627, 631

Al-Adsani v Government of Kuwait [1996]1 Lloyds Rep 104; (1996) 100 ILR 465,107 IRL 536 377, 379, 414

Al-Adsani v United Kingdom (2002) 34 EHRR11 50, 73, 377, 379381, 414, 450

Al Maqaleh v Gates 604 F Supp 2d 205(DDC 2009) 836, 838

Alcom v Republic of Colombia [1984]2 WLR 750 388

Aloeboetoe Case (Judgment) IACtHR Series CNo 15 (10 September 1993) 49, 73,541

Ambatielos Arbitration: Greece v UK (1956)12 RIAA 83 473, 474, 477

Aminoil v Kuwait (1982) 21 ILM 976 451,453

Amministrazione delle Finanze v SrlMeridionale Industria Salumi Joined Cases66, 127, and 128/79 [1980] ECR 1237 127

Amoco v Islamic Republic of Iran (1988)27 ILM 1316 47

Anglo-Iranian Oil Co Case (United Kingdom vIran) (Preliminary Objections) [1952]ICJ Rep 93 34, 659

Anglo-Iranian Oil Co Case (United Kingdom vIran) (Request for the Indication of InterimMeasures of Protection) [1951] ICJ Rep 81,[1951] ICJ Rep 89 453

Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case: UK v Norway[1951] ICJ Rep 116 41, 56, 289

Applicability of the Obligation to Arbitrateunder Section 21 of the United NationsHeadquarters Agreement of 26 June 1947(1988) ICJ Rep 12 151

Application for Revision and Interpretation ofthe Judgment of 24 February 1982 in theCase Concerning the Continental Shelf:Tunisia v Libyan Arb Jamahiriya [1985]ICJ Rep 192 670, 671

Application for Revision of the Judgment of11 July 1996 in the Case concerningApplication of the Convention on thePrevention and Punishment of the Crime ofGenocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina vYugoslavia) (Preliminary Objections)(Yugoslavia v Bosnia and Herzegovina)(Judgment) [2003] ICJ Rep 7 644, 671,672, 682, 684

Application of the Government of Paraguay(Apr 3, 1998), Vienna Convention onConsular Relations (Paraguay v US),Provisional Measures [1998] ICJ Rep 11 667

Arab Monetary Fund v Hashim (No 3) [1991]1 All ER 871 (HL); [1990] 2 All ER 769(CA) 158, 253

Arab Monetary Fund v Hashim [1996] 1 LloydsRep 589, CA 412

Arantzazu Mendi, The [1939] AC 256 245,246

Arar v Syria (2005) 127 CRR (2d) 252,28 CR (6th) 187 (Ont Sup Ct) 377

Arbitration between Great Britain and CostaRica (1924) 18 AJIL 147 200

Argentina Republic v Amerada Hess,488 US 428 338

Arkansas v Tennessee 246 US 158 (1918) 284

Armed Activities on the Territory of theCongo (Democratic Republic of theCongo v Rwanda) (Jurisdiction andAdmissibility) (2006) 45 ILM 562;[2006] ICJ Rep 64 89, 99, 335, 395,646, 682

Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo(Democratic Republic of the Congo vUganda) (Judgment) [2005] ICJ Rep 168 717, 789

Armed Activities on the Territory of the Congo(Democratic Republic of the Congo vUganda) (Merits) [2005] ICJ Rep 168,(2006) 45 ILM 271 46, 59, 64, 74, 402,843

Asylum Case: Columbia v Peru [1950] ICJ Rep266 35, 36, 38

Attorney-General for Canada v Cain [1906]AC 542 447

Attorney-General of Barbados v Joseph andBoyce (2006) Judgment of 8 November2006 160, 162164, 172

Attorney-General of the Government of Israel vEichmann (1961) 36 ILR 5 318, 325,326, 348, 349, 375

BBP v Libya (1974) 53 ILR 297 452, 453, 483

Baby Boy Case No 2141, Annual Report of theInter-American Commission on HumanRights 19801981) OEA/Ser.L/V/ II.54Doc 9 rev 1 533

Baccus SRL v Servicio Nacional del Trigo [1957]1 QB 438 367

Badinter Commission Opinions 110 (1993)92 ILR 162 186, 601, 613

Baker v Canada (Ministry of Citzenship andImmigration) [1999] 2 SCR 817 (SC ofCanada) 159, 172

Banque Africaine de Developpement (BAD) vDegboe (2004) 93 Revue Generale de DroitInternational Public 409 410412

Barcelona Traction, Light and Power CompanyLtd Case (Belgium v Spain) (PreliminaryObjections) [1964] ICJ Rep 6 648,649

Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Co LtdCase: Belgium v Spain [1970] ICJ Rep 3 339, 422, 460, 487

Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Co Ltd Case(Second Phase): Belgium v Spain [1970] ICJRep 4 51, 73, 310, 422, 464, 465, 468,487

Beer and Regan v Germany and Waite andKennedy v Germany (1999) 118 ILR 121 409

Beit Sourik Village Council v Government ofIsrael (2004) 43 ILM 1099 842

Belilos v Switzerland (1988) 10 EHRR 466 105

Bellinger v Bellinger [2003] UKHL 21 168,169

Bensaid v UK (2001) 33 EHRR 205 448Borchgrave Case: Belgium v Spain [1937] PCIJ

Rep Ser A/B No 72 484, 489Bordes and Temeharo v France (645/95)

599Bosphorus v Ireland (2006) 42 EHRR 1 562,

565Boumediene v Bush (2008) 47 ILM 647; 553

US (2008); 128 S Ct 2229; 2008 WL2369628; 2008 US LEXIS 4887 835,837, 838

Bouzari v Iran (2004) 71 OR (3d) 675, 243DLR(4th) 406, CA, arming [2002] OJ No1624, QL, 114 ACWS (3d) 57, Sup Ct, leave

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxvi

to appeal to SCC refused, [2005] 1 SCR vi, SCC 377, 383

Branno v Ministry of War 22 ILR, 756 408Breard v Greene 523 US 371, 375 (1998)

667Brunner v European Treaty [1994] 1 CMLR, 57

170Burkina Faso v Republic of Mali see Case

Concerning the Frontier Dispute: BurkinaFasi v Republic of Mali 268

Buttes Gas v Hammer [1982] AC 888 358,359, 361, 362

Buvot v Barbuit (1737) Cases Talbot 281 152

CC, Re [1959] Ch 363 401CILFIT Srl and Lanicio di Gavardo SpA v

Ministry of Health Case 283/81 [1982]ECR 3415 125

Caglar and Others v Billingham (Inspector ofTaxes), 108 ILR 510 240

Caire Claim: France v Mexico (1929) 5 RIAA516 427, 428

Cantos v Argentina (Preliminary Objections)Inter-Am Ct HR 7 September 2001, Ser CNo 85 539

Carl Zeiss Stiftung v Rayner and Keeler Ltd(No 2) [1967] 1 AC 853, [1996] 2 All ER536 241, 242

Carl Zeiss Stiftung v Rayner and Keeler Ltd[1965] 1 All ER 300 240242

Caroline Case (1837) 29 BFSP 11371138; 30BFSP 195196 705, 708, 710, 711, 714,740, 742, 777

Case Concerning Avena and Other MexicanNationals (Merits): Mexico v USA [2004]ICJ Rep 12, (2004) 43 ILM 581 151,476, 488, 667, 668, 671

Case Concerning Avena and Other MexicanNationals (Provisional Measures): Mexico vUSA Case A/18 (1984) ILR 75, (2003) 42ILM 309, [2003] ICJ Rep 2 461, 666,667, 668, 671

Case Concerning Certain Expenses of the UnitedNations (Article 17, Paragraph 2, of theCharter) (Advisory Opinion) (1962)(Expenses Case) [1962] ICJ Rep 151 675, 676, 767, 772

Case Concerning Competences of the Courts ofDanzig (Advisory Opinion) [1928] PCIJRep Ser B No 15 208

Case Concerning Gabcikovo-Nagymaros Project:Hungary v Slovakia (Judgment) [1997] ICJRep 7, [1997] ICJ Rep 3 54, 59, 65, 89,91, 133, 135, 139, 273, 478, 480, 488, 489

Case Concerning Kasikili/Sedudu Island(Botswana v Namibia) (Judgment) [1999]ICJ Rep 1045 90, 280, 282

Case Concerning Land, Island and MaritimeFrontier Disputes: El Salvador v Honduras,Nicaragua Intervening (Judgment) [1992]ICJ Rep 92, [1992] ICJ Rep 351 55, 271,294, 299, 601, 602, 641, 663, 683

Case Concerning Pablo Njera (of the Lebanon)(France v Mexico) (192728) 4 AnnDig393 108, 137

Case Concerning Oil Platforms: IslamicRepublic of Iran v USA (Judgment) (2003)42 ILM 1334, [2003] ICJ Rep 161 481,712, 713, 717

Case Concerning Questions of Interpretationand Application of the 1971 MontrealConvention Arising from the Aerial Incidentat Lockerbie (Provisional Measures): LibyanArab Jamahiriya v UK [1992] ICJ Rep 3 329, 330, 637

Case Concerning Questions of Interpretationand Application of the 1971 MontrealConvention Arising from the Aerial Incidentat Lockerbie: Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v USA(Provisional Measures) [1992] ICJ Rep 114 663, 664, 752

Case Concerning Rights of Nationals of theUnited States of America in Morocco(France v United States of America) [1952]ICJ Rep 176 195

Case Concerning the Aerial Incident of10 August 1999: Pakistan v India(Jurisdiction) [2000] ICJ Rep 12 656, 660

Case Concerning the Application of theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide:Bosnia and Herzegovina v Serbia andMontenegro (Further Request for theIndication of Provisional Measures) [1993]ICJ Rep 325 755

TA B L E O F C A S E S xvii

Case Concerning the Application of theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide:Bosnia and Herzegovina v Serbia andMontenegro (2007) 46 ILM 188, Judgmentof 26 February 2007 432, 435, 485, 645

Case Concerning the Application of theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide:Bosnia and Herzegovina v Yugoslavia(Preliminary Objections) [1996] ICJ Rep 1,[1996] ICJ Rep 595 60, 638, 643, 648

Case Concerning the Application of theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide:Bosnia and Herzegovina v YugoslaviaJudgment of 3 February 2003(not yet reported) 60

Case Concerning the Application of theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide(Second Indication of ProvisionalMeasures): Bosnia and Herzegovina vYugoslavia [1993] ICJ Rep 325 60, 644,664

Case Concerning the Arrest Warrant of 11 April2000: Democratic Republic of the Congo vBelgium (Judgment) (Arrest Warrant Case)[2002] ICJ Rep 3 332, 335 336, 338,346, 348, 349, 356, 362, 365, 375, 377,381, 382, 394, 396398, 413

Case Concerning the Arrest Warrant of 11 April2000: Democratic Republic of the Congo vBelgium (Preliminary Objections andMerits) (Arrest Warrant Case) (2002) 41ILM 536; [2000] ICJ Rep 3 50, 51, 60,73, 311, 317, 323, 327, 328, 338, 346,348, 349, 356, 365, 377, 381, 382, 394,396398, 413

Case Concerning the Continental Shelf: Tunisia vLibyan Arb Jamahiriya [1982] ICJ Rep 18 61

Case Concerning the Frontier Dispute (Benin vNiger) (2005) ICJ Rep 90 271

Case Concerning the Frontier Dispute: BurkinaFaso v Republic of Mali (Judicial Decision)[1986] ICJ Rep 554 55, 271, 295, 303,304, 576, 592, 601, 613, 641

Case Concerning the Frontier Dispute: BurkinaFaso v Republic of Mali (InternationalDecision) [1992] ICJ Rep 564 269, 303,304, 576

Case Concerning the Land and MaritimeBoundary between Cameroon and Nigeria(Cameroon v Nigeria: Equatorial GuineaIntervening) (Merits) [2002] ICJ Rep 303,[2002] ICJ Rep 492 110, 111, 272, 289,663, 685

Case Concerning the Land and MaritimeBoundary between Cameroon and Nigeria(Cameroon v Nigeria) (Merits) [1998]ICJ Rep 275 296, 685

Case Concerning the Land and MaritimeBoundary between Cameroon and Nigeria(Cameroon v Nigeria) (PreliminaryObjections) [1998] ICJ Rep 275 651,685

Case Concerning the Legality of the Use ofForce (Serbia and Montenegro v Belgiumet al) (Preliminary Objections) [2004]ICJ Rep 279 644, 645, 682, 702,740

Case Concerning Legality of Use of Force(Yugoslavia v United Kingdom)(Provisional Measures) [1999] ICJ Rep 916 653

Case Concerning the Readaptation of theMavrommatis Jerusalem Concessions(Greece v Great Britain) (Jurisdiction)[1925] PCIJ Rep Series A No 11 650

Case Concerning the Territorial Dispute: LibyanArab Jamahiriya v Chad [1994] ICJ Rep 6 115, 126, 271, 294, 295

Case Concerning the Vienna Convention onConsular Relations (Germany v UnitedStates of America) (Provisional Measures)[1999] ICJ Rep 9 664, 665, 683

Ceglar v Bellingham IRL 108 242,257

Certain Criminal Proceedings in France:Republic of the Congo v France (Pending) 311, 328, 650, 682

Certain German Interests in Polish Upper SilesiaCase [1926] PCIJ Rep Ser A No 7 55, 57,452

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxviii

Certain Phosphate Lands in Nauru Case(Preliminary Objections): Nauru v Australia[1992] ICJ Rep 240 668

Certain Questions of Mutual Assistance inCriminal Matters (Djibouti v France)(Pending) 650

Chahal v United Kingdom (1997) 23 EHRR 413 447, 524

Chamizal Arbitration: US v Mexico (1911)5 AJIL 782, (1911) 5 AJIL 785 281, 283,305

Charkich, The (1873) LR 4 A & E 59 366Chorzow Factory Case (Indemnity) (Merits):

Germany v Poland [1928] PCIJ Rep Series ANo 17 54, 440, 482, 483, 486, 489, 597

Christina, The [1938] AC 485 315Chung Chi Cheung v The King [1939] AC 160

154Cicippio-Puleo v Iran 353 F 3d 1024, 103336

(DC Cir 2004) 355, 385City of Berne v Bank of England (1804)

9 Ves 347 247Clipperton Island Arbitration: France v Mexico

(1932) 26 AJIL 390 264, 293, 305, 631Commercial and Estates Company of Egypt v

Board of Trade [1925] 1 KB 271 154Commission v France (Re Restriction on

Imports of Lamb) Case 232/78 [1979]ECR 2729 46

Company, A, Ltd v Republic of X [1990]2 Lloyds Rep 250 386, 387

Competence of the General Assembly for theAdmission of a State to the United Nations(Advisory Opinion) [1950] ICJ Rep 4 124, 234

Conditions of Admission of a State toMembership of the United Nations(Advisory Opinion) [1948] ICJ Rep 57 234, 674, 684

Conditions of Admission of a State toMembership of the United Nations(Advisory Opinion) [1966] ICJ Rep 57 676, 684

Constitutional Court v Peru (Competence),Inter-Am, Ct HR, 24 September 1999, Ser.C,No 55 539

Coreck Maritime GmbH v Sevrybokholodot1994 SLT 893 389

Corfu Channel Case: UK v Albania (Merits)[1949] ICJ Rep 4 55, 266, 429, 441,479, 484, 643, 690, 701, 702, 740

Corfu Channel Case: UK v Albania (PreliminaryObjections) [1948] ICJ Rep 15 650,690, 702, 740

Costa v ENEL Case 6/64 [1964] ECR 585,[1964] ECR 614 170, 171

County of St Clair v Lovingston 90 US 46(1874) 283

Crosby v United States, 506 US 255 344Customs Regime between Germany and Austria

Case [1931] PCIJ Rep Ser A/B No 41 188, 194

Cyprus v Turkey (2002) 35 EHRR 30 190,557

DD v United Kingdom (1997) 24 EHRR 423

447, 448De Haber v Queen of Portugal (1851)

17 QB 171 364Delimitation of the Maritime Boundary in the

Gulf of Maine Area: Canada v US(Judgment) [1984] ICJ Rep 246 61,275, 641

Derbyshire CC v Times Newspaper [1992]3 WLR 28 167, 173

Deutsche Continental Gas-Gesellschaft v PolishState (1928) 2 RIAA 829, (1929) 5 AD 11 187, 226, 255

Dickson Car Wheel Company Case: USA vMexico (1931) 4 RIAA 669 464

Diversion of Water from the Meuse (TheNetherlands v Belgium) PCIJ Rep Series A/BNo 70 60, 74

Dole Food Co v Patrickson 538 US 468 (2003),123 S Ct 1655 (2003) 362

Dralle v Republic of Czechoslovakia (1950)17 ILR 165 368

Du Development Co Ltd v Government ofKelantan [1924] AC 797 240

Dzemajl et al v Yugoslavia CAT 161/2000 522

EEEOC v Arabian Am Oil Co 499 US 244, 113 L

Ed 2d 274, 111 S Ct 1227 (1991) 315

TA B L E O F C A S E S xix

East Timor Case: Portugal v Australia [1995] ICJRep 90 50, 574, 580, 591, 613, 638,670

Eastern Carelia Case (Advisory Opinion) [1923]PCIJ Rep Ser B No 5 58, 645, 677,685

Eastern Greenland Case see Legal Status of EasternGreenland Case: Norway v Denmark

Eects of Awards of Compensation Made by theUnited Nations Administrative Tribunal(Advisory Opinion) [1954] ICJ Rep 47 54

Electricity Company of Soa Case [1939] PCIJRep Ser A/B No 79 55, 635

Elettronica Sicula SpA (ELSI): US v Italy [1989]ICJ Rep 14, [1989] ICJ Rep 15 457, 472,641

Ellerman Lines, The v Murray [1931] AC 126 165, 173

Ely Ould Dah Case Cour de Cassation, ChambreCriminell, Crim 23 Oct 2002: Bull, crim no195, 23 Oct 2002 344, 345

Emin v Yeldag 105 IRL 510 242, 257Empson v Smith [1965] 2 All ER 881 400Entico Corporation v United Nations

Educational and Cultural Association(UNESCO) [2008] EWHC 531(Comm) 412

Eritrea-Ethiopia Claims Commission, PartialAwards on Prisoners of War (July 2003)(2003) 42 ILM, 1056 634

Esphahanian v Bank Tejarat (1983)2 Iran-USCTR 157 461

Estate of Ferdinand Marcos, Re 25 F 3d 1467(9th Cir 1994) 338

Evangelischer Krankenhausverein Wien vAbgabenberufungskommission Wien andWein & Co. HandelsgesmbH vObersterreichische Landesregierung CaseC-437/97 [2000] ECR I-115 126

Ex Parte Quirin, US Supreme Court(31 July 1942) 317 US 1 829

Exchange v McFaddon (1812) 7 Cranch 116 366, 414

Exceptions to the Exhaustion of DomesticRemedies (Arts 46(1), 46(2)(a) and46(2)(b) of the American Convention onHuman Rights, InterAm. Ct.HR, Advisory

Opinion OC-11/90 of 10 August 1990, Ser.A, No.11, paras 30 and 35 539

Expropriated Religious Arbitration (1948)1 RIAA 7 629

FFerrini v Federal Republic of Germany (Cass Sez

Un 5044/04) (2004) 87 Rivista di DirittoInternazionale, 539, 128 ILR 659 376,377

Filrtiga v Pea-Irala 630 F 2d 876 (2d Cir1980) 337, 349, 521

Fillastre and Bizoarn v Bolivia (336/88) 515Finnish Ships Arbitration: Finland v Great

Britain (1934) 3 RIAA 1479 473,477

Fisheries Case (UK v Norway) See Anglo-Norwegian Fisheries Case: UK v Norway

Fisheries Jurisdiction Case: (Federal Republic ofGermany v Iceland) [1973] ICJ Rep 49 90, 685

Fisheries Jurisdiction Case: (Germany v Iceland)(Merits) [1974] ICJ Rep 175 44, 685

Fisheries Jurisdiction Case: (Spain v Canada)(Jurisdiction) [1998] ICJ Rep 432 659,685

Fisheries Jurisdiction Case: (United Kingdom vIceland) [1973] ICJ Rep 3 133, 680,685

Fisheries Jurisdiction Case: (United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Northern Ireland vIceland) (Merits) [1974] ICJ Rep 3 44,685

Flatow v Iran 999F Supp 1 (DDC 1998) 385

Flegenheimer Claim (1958) 25 ILR 91 464,487

Fogarty v UK (2001) 34 EHRR 302 381Foley Bross v Filardo 336 US 281 (1949)

315Fothergill v Monarch Airlines [1981] AC 251

145, 165, 173Free City of Danzig and the International Labour

Organization (Advisory Opinion) [1930]PCIJ Rep Ser B No 18 199

Free Zones of Upper Savoy and the District ofGex Case: France v Switzerland [1932] PCIJRep A/B No 46 483, 489, 623

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxx

Furundzija IT9517/1 Lasva Valley(Trial Chamber) (1999) 38 ILM 317;conrmed by Appeals Chamber, Judgmentof 21 July 2000 50

GGadda, sub nom. SOS Attentat and Castelnau

DEsnault v Khada, Head of State of Libya,France, Ct of Cassation, Crim Chamber,13 March 2000, No 1414; 124 ILR 508 345, 377

Genocide Case see Reservations to theConvention on the Prevention andPunishment of the Crime of Genocide

Georgia v South Carolina 111 L Ed 2d 309 284

Ghaidan v Godin-Mendoza [2004] UKHL 30 168, 169, 173

Gillot et al v France (932/00) 599Golder v United Kingdom (197980) 1 EHRR

524 127Greek Case, The (1969) YB XII 522Greek Citizens v Federal Republic of Germany,

BGH-III ZR 245/98, German Supreme Ct,26 June 2003, BGH-1112R 248/98;(2003) 42 ILM, 1030 376, 377

Greenpeace, Inc (USA) v The State of France946 F.Supp 773 (1996) 216

Grutter v Bollinger 539 US 306(2003) 518

Guatemala Genocide Case (2003) 42 ILM 686 323, 336, 349

Guerin v Her Majesty The Queen SupremeCourt of Canada (1 November 1984)(1984) 2 SCR 376 610

Guinea-Bissau v Senegal Arbitration Tribunal forthe Determination of the MaritimeBoundary (1989) 83 ILR 1 632

Gulf of Maine Case: Canada v US see Delimitationof the Maritime Boundary in the Gulf ofMaine Area

HHabeas Corpus in Emergency Situations

(Arts 27(2), 25(1) and 7(6) of theAmerican Convention on Human Rights)(Advisory Opinion) IACtHR Series A No 8(30 January 1987) 537

Haile Selassie v Cable and Wireless Ltd (No 2)[1939] 1 Ch 182 248, 249

Hamdan v Rumsfeld (29 June 2006) UnitedStates Supreme Court, 126 SCt 2749 826, 832835

Hamdi v Rumsfeld (2004) 43 ILM 1166 834Hartford Fire Insurance Co v California 509 US

764, 113 St Ct 2891, 125 L ED 2d 612(1993) 341, 350

Hauptzollamt Mainz v CA Kupferberg & Cie KGCase 104/81 [1982] ECR I-3641 170

Haya de la Torre Case: Colombia v Peru(Judgment) [1951] ICJ Rep 71 663

Henry v Jamaica (230/87) 515Hesperides Hotels v Aegean Turkish Holidays

Ltd [1978] 2 All ER 1168, HL, reversing[1978] QB 205, CA 241, 242

Hilaire v Trinidad and Tobago(Preliminary Objections) Series C No 80(1 September 2001) 105

Homann-La Roche Ltd v Empagran 124 S Cr2359 (2004) 341

Holland v Lampen-Wolfe [2000] 1 WLR 1573 362, 390

Home Missionary Society Claim: USA v GreatBritain (1920) 6 RIAA 42 428, 429

Hostage Case see US v ListHostages Case see US Diplomatic and Consular

Sta in IranHseyin Gztok and Klaus Brgg Joined Cases

C-187/01 and C-385/01 [2003]ECR I-1345 321

II Congreso del Partido [1981] 2 All ER 1064

391Im Alone (The SS) Case: Canada v USA (1949)

3 RIAA 1609 313, 442Iloilo Case (1925) 4 RIAA 158 285, 305Inter-American Court of Human Rights

(IACtHR) Right to Information on ConsularAssistance (Advisory Opinion) OC-16/99,October 1 1999, (1999) Inter-Am Ct HR(Ser A) No 16 208

Interhandel Case: Switzerland v United States ofAmerica (Preliminary Objections) [1959]ICJ Rep 6 471, 472, 659

TA B L E O F C A S E S xxi

International Conference on the FormerYugoslavia Documentation on theArbitration Commission under the UN/EC(Geneva) Conference: Advisory OpinionsNos. 1115 of the Arbitration Commission,July 16, 1993 (1993) 32 ILM, 1587 186

International Tin Council v Amalgamet Inc 524NYS 2d 971 (1988) 408

International Tin Council Cases [1990]2 AC 418 158, 252

Internationale Handelsgesellschaft GmbH vEinfuhr und Vorratsstelle fr Getreide undFuttermittel Case 11/70 [1970] ECR 1125 561

Interpretation of Peace Treaties with Bulgaria,Hungary and Romania (First Phase)(Advisory Opinion) [1950] ICJ Rep 65 57, 58, 630, 631

Interpretation of the Agreement of 25 March1951 between the WHO and Egypt Case[1980] ICJ Rep 73 675

Interpretation of the American Declaration ofthe Rights and Duties of Man within theFramework of Article 64 of the AmericanConvention on Human Rights (AdvisoryOpinion) IACtHR A No 10 (14 July 1989),para 45 533, 534

Ireland v UK (1978) 2 EHRR 25 522,557

Irini Lechouritou and Others v Dimosio tisOmospondiakis Dimokratias tis GermaniasCase C-292/05 [2007] ECR I-1519 375

Island of Palmas Arbitration: The Netherlands vUS (1928) 2 RIAA 829 188, 260, 262,265, 266, 270, 278, 280, 285, 293, 296,302, 304, 628, 629

JJames Buchanan & Co v Babco Forwarding and

Shipping (UK) [1977] 3 All ER 1048 165

Jaworzina Boundary (Advisory Opinion)[1923] PCIJ Series B No 8 291, 676

Jessie, The (1921) RIAA 57 432, 433, 485Johnson v Eisentrager 339 US 763 (1950)

834, 837Jones v Saudi Arabia [2006] UKHL 26 381,

387

Jones v The Ministry of the Interior of theKingdom of Saudi Arabia [2007] AC 270,[2004] EWCA Civ 1394, [2006] 2 Env LR70, [2006] UKHL 26, [2006] 2 WLR 1424 335, 363, 365, 377

Joyce v Director of Public Prosecutions [1946]AC 347 317, 318, 349

Judgment of the Nuremberg InternationalMilitary Tribunal 1946 (1947) 41 AJIL 172 209

KKadi and Al Barakaat v Council of the EU and

the European Commission Joined CasesC-402/05P and C-415/05P [2008]ECR I-6351 761

Kadic v Karadzic, 70 F 3d 232 (2d Cir 1995) 338

Kalogeropoulou v Greece and Germany, ECtHRReports 2002X 389 376

Kalogeropoulou et al. v Greece and GermanyDecision (2003) 4(5) German Law Journal477491 (Decision of the ECtHR) 376,377

Kansas v Missouri (1943) 322 US 213 284

Kaur [2001] ECR I-1237 Case C-192/99 127

Ker v Illinois 119 US 436, 444 (1886) 347Kitok v Sweden 197/85 598Knye and Knye v Hungary (520/92) 514Kuwaiti Airways Corporation v Iraqi Airways

Company (No 2) [1995] 1 WLR 1147(HL), [1995] 1 Lloyds Rep 25, [1994]ILPr 427 ILR 116, CA 242, 359, 360,389, 414

Kuwaiti Airways Corporation v Iraqi AirwaysCompany (Nos 4 and 5) [2001] 1 All ER(Comm) 557, [2002] UKHL 19 360362, 389, 414

LLIAMCO v Libya (1981) 20 ILM 1 451, 452Lafontant v Aristide 844 F Supp 128 (East Dist

NY) (1994) 382LaGrand Case (Provisional Measures): Germany

v United States of America [1999] ICJ Rep28 666

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxxii

LaGrand Case: Germany v United States ofAmerica (Merits) [2001] ICJ Rep 466,(2001) 40 ILM 1069 151, 184, 208,219, 664, 665, 667

Laker Airways v Department of Trade [1977]1 QBD 643 159

Lauritzen v Larsen 345 US 571, 582 (1953) 339

Legal Consequences for States of the ContinuedPresence of South Africa in Namibia (SouthWest Africa) Notwithstanding SecurityCouncil Resolution 276 (1970) (AdvisoryOpinion) (The Namibia Case) [1971] ICJRep 16 90, 201, 268, 273, 506, 591,639, 676, 685, 750

Legal Consequences of the Construction of aWall by Israel in the Occupied PalestinianTerritory (Advisory Opinion Delivered bythe International Court of Justice on 9 July2004) [2004] ICJ Rep 136, (2004) 43 ILM1009 50, 52, 591, 594, 595, 639, 673,675678, 684, 692, 716, 741, 768, 780,789, 841

Legal Status of Eastern Greenland Case: Norwayv Denmark (Judgment) [1933] PCIJ Rep SerA/B No 53 111, 274, 277, 279, 292,293, 296, 300, 304, 305

Legality of the Threat or Use by a State ofNuclear Weapons in Armed Conict(Advisory Opinion) [1996] ICJ Rep 226 41, 47, 50, 53, 677, 678, 684, 738, 743,796, 807

Legality of the Threat or Use of NuclearWeapons (Request for Advisory Opinion bythe World Health Organisation) [1996] ICJRep 90 674, 684, 784, 786, 794

Legality of the Use of Force (Serbia andMontenegro v Canada) PreliminaryObjections [2004] ICJ Rep, 429 275,644

Lewis (Neville) v Attorney-General of Jamaica(2000) 57 WIR 275, [1999] 3 WLR 249 161, 163

Liangsiriprasert (Somchai) v US Government[1991] 1 AC 225, [1990] 3 WLR 606 319, 349

Libia v UK See Case Concerning Questions ofInterpretation and Application of the 1971

Montreal Convention Arising from theAerial Incident at Lockerbie (ProvisionalMeasures): Libyan Arab Jamahiriya v UK

Lissitzyn (1962) 56 AJIL 135 441Littrell v United States of America (No 2)

[1995] 1 WLR 82 391Loayza Tamayo v Peru (Reparations), Inter-Am

Ct HR 27 November 1998, Ser. C, No 42 541

Loewen Group Inc v US (Award) (2005)7 ICSID Rep 442 460

Loizidou v Turkey (1997) 23 EHRR 513 435Lord Advocates Reference No 1 of 2000

(2001) SLT 507 156Louisiana v Mississippi (1940) 282 US 458

284Lutchmaya v ACP, JTDE (2003) 684 410Luther v Sagor [1921] 3 KB 532; [1921]

1 KB 456 238, 247249, 359, 360

MMabo v Queensland (1992) 66 ALJR 408

610McElhinney v Ireland (2002) 34 EHRR 322

381Mannington Mills v Congoleum Corporation

(1979) 595 F 2d 1287 341Marckx v Belgium (1989) 2 EHRR 330 557Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questions

between Qatar and Bahrain (Jurisdictionand Admissibility [1995] ICJ Rep 6; [1994]ICJ Rep 112 646, 647, 682

Maritime Delimitation and Territorial Questionsbetween Qatar and Bahrein (Merit) [2001]ICJ Rep 40 288, 647

Maritime Delimitation between Guinea-Bissauand Senegal: Guinea-Bissau v Senegal(1992) 31 ILM 32 632

Martini Case (1930) 2 RIAA 975 483Massey Case: USA v Mexico (1927) 4 RIAA 155

431, 485Mavrommattis Palestine Concessions Case

(Jurisdiction): Greece v UK [1924] PCIJRep Series A No 2 53, 443, 486, 618,637

Medellin v Texas (25 March 2008) 668Media Rights Agenda v Nigeria, Comm Nos

105/93, 128/94 and 152/96 544

TA B L E O F C A S E S xxiii

Merg Claim (United States v Italy) (1955) 22ILR 443 460462, 486

Military and Paramilitary Activities in andagainst Nicaragua (Jurisdiction)see Nicaragua Case: Nicaragua v US(Jurisdiction)

Military and Paramilitary Activities in andagainst Nicaragua (Merits) see NicaraguaCase: Nicaragua v US (Merits)

Military Prosecutor v Omar Mahmud Kassemet al, Military Court (Ramallah 13 April1969) (1971) 42 ILR 47083 829

Ministry of Defense v Elahi, No 07615(pending before the US Supreme Court) 385

Minquiers and Ecrehos Islands Case: France vUK [1953] ICJ Rep 47 273, 279,281

Monetary Gold Removal from Rome in 1943:Italy v France, United Kingdom and US(Preliminary Question) [1954] ICJ Rep 19 55, 670

Monetary Gold Removal from Rome in 1943:Italy v France, United Kingdom and US[1969] ICJ Rep 3 643

Morrison v Jamaica (663/95) 514Mortensen v Peters (1906) 8 F (Ct of Sess) 93

156Mosul Boundary Case [1925] PCIJ Ser. B, No 12

55MOX Plant Case: Ireland v UK Arbitration

630Mubilanzila Mayeka and Kaniki Mitunga v

Belgium Application 13178/03, Judgmentof 12 October 2006 447

Muscat Dhows (1905) 1 Scott 95 629Mutombo v Switzerland (CAT 13/1993)

524

NNG v Canada (469/91) 447Namibia Case see Legal Consequences for States

of the Continued Presence of South Africa inNamibia (South West Africa)

Nationality Decrees in Tunis and Morocco Case[1923] PCIJ Rep Ser B No 4 751

Naulilaa Case: Portugal v Germany (1928)2 RIAA 1013 737

Neer Claim: USA v Mexico (1926) 4 RIAA 60 445

Nicaragua Case: Nicaragua v US (Jurisdictionand Admissibility) [1984] ICJ Rep 392 40, 651, 654656, 660, 679, 680, 685,691, 692

Nicaragua Case: Nicaragua v US (Merits)[1986] ICJ Rep 14 37, 40, 43, 67, 364,434, 485, 622, 637, 679, 680, 685, 691,692, 700, 706710, 714, 717, 721, 722,728, 739742, 750

Nold KG v Commission Case 4/73 [1974] ECR491 562

North Atlantic Fisheries Arbitration: US v GreatBritain (1910) 11 RIAA 167 302, 629

North Sea Continental Shelf Cases: FederalRepublic of Germany v Denmark; FederalRepublic of Germany v The Netherlands[1969] ICJ Rep 3 35, 36, 39, 40, 42, 43,48, 275, 304, 623

North Sea Continental Shelf Cases: FederalRepublic of Germany v Denmark; FederalRepublic of Germany v The Netherlands(Merits) [1969] ICJ Rep 4 34, 3740,42, 43, 48, 96, 118, 119, 138, 304

Norwegian Loans Case: France v Norway[1957] ICJ Rep 9 470, 657659,685

Nottebohm Case: Liechtenstein v Guatemala(Preliminary Objections) [1953] ICJ Rep111 422, 464, 466, 467, 487, 652

Nottebohm Case: Liechtenstein v Guatemala(Second Phase) [1955] ICJ Rep 4 422,462, 464, 466, 467, 487

Nuclear Tests Case (Judgment): New Zealand vFrance [1974] ICJ Rep 457 810

Nuclear Tests Cases: Australia v France; NewZealand v France [1974] ICJ Rep 253 64,91, 680

Nuclear Tests Cases (Interim Protection):Australia v France; New Zealand v France[1973] ICJ Rep 99 135, 651

Oclan v Turkey (2003) 37 EHRR 10 125Open Door Counselling v Ireland (1993)

15 EHRR 244 558Opinion 2/94 [1996] ECR I1759 562

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxxiv

Osman bin Haji Mohamed Ali and Another vThe Public Prosecutor [1969] 1 AC 430 829, 830

PP v P (Diplomatic Immunity: Jurisdiction)

(1998) 114 ILR 485, (1998) The Times2 March 405

Paez v Sweden (CAT 39/1996) 447, 523Panevezys-Saldutiskis Railway Co Case: Estonia v

Lithuania (Judgment) [1939] PCIJ Rep SerA/B No 76 473, 662, 683

Paquete Habana, The 175 US 677 (1900) 59

Parlement Belge, The (187879) 4 PD 129 158, 172, 366

Peruvian Genocide Case (2003) 42 ILM 1200 323

Petrobart v Kyrgis Republic Arbitration(Arbitral Award of 29 March 2005) 450

Philippine Admiral, The [1977] AC 373 368,414

Philis v Greece (No 2) (1998) 25 EHRR 417 450

Phosphates in Morocco Case (PreliminaryObjections) [1938] PCIJ Rep Ser A/B No 74 661

Polish Nationals in Danzig Case See Treatment ofPolish Nationals and Other Persons of PolishOrigin or Speech in the Danzig Territory(Advisory Opinion)

Porto Alexandre, The [1920] PD 30 367Pratt and Morgan v Attorney-General of Jamaica

[1994] AC 1, [1991] 4 All ER 769, (1993)43 WIR 340 161, 162, 515, 535

Prefecture of Voiotia v Federal Republic ofGermany Case No 11/2000 (2001) 95 AJIL95 375

Presbyterian Church of Sudan v Talisman EnergyInc 375 F Supp 2d 331 (SDNY 2005) 338

Prosecutor v Charles Ghankay TaylorSCSL-200301-I (30143039) of31 May 2004 397

Prosecutor v Furundzija (Judgement)ICTY-9517/1 (10 December 1998) 521, 566

Prosecutor v Radislav Krstic see Krstic

Prosecutor v Simic Decision of 27 July 1999 215

Prosecutor v Tadic IT941 Prijedor,Judgment of 15 July 1999 (AppealsChamber) 435, 485, 700

Public Committee Against Torture v PrimeMinister HCJ 5100/94 (199899) IsraelLaw Reports 567610 521

RR v A [2001] UKHL 25 168, 173R v Bow Street Stipendiary Magistrate, ex p

Pinochet Ugarte (Amnesty Internationalintervening) [2000] 1 AC 61 156,324, 356, 370, 375, 381, 382, 386, 396,566

R v Bow Street Metropolitan StipendiaryMagistrate, ex parte Pinochet Ugarte (No 2)[2000] AC 119, [1999] 2 WLR 272 324,356, 370, 372, 375, 381, 382, 386, 396,450, 566

R v Bow Street Metropolitan StipendiaryMagistrate, ex parte Pinochet Ugarte (No 3)[2000] 1 AC 147; [1999] 2 WLR 827,[1999] 2 All ER 97 156, 159, 324, 356,363, 370, 372, 375, 381, 382, 386, 396,521, 566

R v Chief Immigration Ocer, ex parte SalamatBibi [1976] 1 WLR 979 166

R v Director of Public Prosecution ex p Kebileneand Others [2000] 2 AC 326 159

R v Ellis (1973) 57 Cr App R 571 344R v Evans and Others, ex parte Pinochet Ugarte

(No 1) [1998] 3 WLR 1456 (HL); (1998)The Times 3 November 370, 375, 381,382, 386, 396, 566

R v Guildhall Magistrates Court, ex parteJarren-Thorpe (1977) The Times 6 October 401

R v Home Oce [1993] 3 WLR 433 364

R v Horseferry Road Magistrates Courtex p Bennett [1994] 1 AC 42 347

R v IRC, ex parte Camacq Corp [1990] 1 All ER173 388

R v Jones (REW) (No 2) [1972] 2 ALL ER 731 344

R v Keyn (1876) 2 Ex D 63 153

TA B L E O F C A S E S xxv

R v Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food,ex p SP Anastasiou (Pissouri) and Others(Anastasiou I) [1994] ECR I-3087 243,244, 257

R v Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food,ex p SP Anastasiou (Pissouri) and Others(Anastasiou II) [2000] ECR I-5241 243,244, 257

R v Secretary of State for the Home Department,ex parte Bagga [1990] 3 WLR 1013 406

R v Secretary of State for the Home Department,ex parte Brind [1991] 1 AC 696 (HL);[1990] 1 All ER 469 (CA) 166, 167, 173

R (on the application of N) v Secretary of Statefor the Home Department [2005] UKHL 31 448

R (on the application of North Cyprus TourismCentre Ltd) v Transport for London [2005]UKHRR 1231 237, 244, 245, 257

R (on the application of Pepushi v CrownProsecution Service [1004] EWHC 798(Admin) 166

Radain Bank, Re [1992] BCC 376; [1992]BCLC 301 389

Rainbow Warrior Arbitration: New Zealand vFrance (1987) 26 ILM 1346 479, 488

Rann of Kutch Arbitration: India v Pakistan(1968) 7 ILM 633; 50 ILR 2 279

Rasul v George W Bush (2004) 43 ILM 1207 834, 836

Rawle Kennedy v Trinidad and Tobago(Decision on Admissibility) (2 November1999) UN CCPR/67/D/845/1999 103,136

Rayner (Mincing Lane) Limited v Department ofTrade and Industry [1990] 2 AC 18 159

Reparations for Injuries Suered in the Serviceof the United Nations (Advisory Opinion)[1949] ICJ Rep 173 183

Reparations for Injuries Suered in the Serviceof the United Nations (Advisory Opinion)[1949] ICJ Rep 174 57, 176, 181, 204,207, 218, 219

Republic of Somalia v Woodhouse Drake andCarey (Suisse) SA [1992] 3 WLR 744 223, 250252, 257

Request for an Examination of the Situation inAccordance with Paragraph 63 of the

Courts Judgment of 20 December 1974 inthe Nuclear Tests (New Zealand v France)(Order) [1995] ICJ Rep 288 810

Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of31 March 2004 in the Case ConcerningAvena and Other Mexican Nationals(Mexico v US) (Judgment of 19 January2009 can be found at the ocial website ofthe ICJ) 670, 683

Request for Interpretation of the Judgment of20 November 1950 in the Asylum Case:Columbia v Peru [1950] ICJ Rep 395 670

Reservations to the Convention on thePrevention and Punishment of the Crime ofGenocide (Advisory Opinion) [1951] ICJRep 15 56, 99, 104, 108, 136

Right of Passage over Indian Territory Case(Preliminary Objections): Portugal vIndia [1957] ICJ Rep 125 652, 656,685

Right of Passage over Indian Territory Case(Merits): Portugal v India [1960] ICJ Rep 6 35, 38, 302

Rights of Minorities in Polish Upper Silesia[1928] PCIJ Rep Ser A No 15 649, 650,682

Roach (JT) and Pinkerton (J) v United StatesCase 9647 Inter-Am CHR Report No 387OEA/Ser.L/V/II.71 doc 9 rev 1 (198687)147 42

Robert E Brown Case: US v Great Britain (1923)6 RIAA 120 469, 487

Rocha v US 288 F 2d 545 9th Cir 1961 320Rustomjee v The Queen (1876) 1 QBD 487

444, 486

SS v Western European Union (WEU) (2004)

Journal du Tribunal 617 411SS Lotus, The: France v Turkey [1927] PCIJ Rep

Ser A No 10 6, 39, 59, 316, 317, 322,340, 346, 349, 662

Saadi v Italy App No 37201/06. European Courtof Human Rights (Grand Chamber),February 28, 2008 524

Saadi v Italy (International Decision) (2008)102 AJIL 525

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxxvi

Salomon v Commissioners of Customs andExcise [1967] 2 QB 116 166, 173

Secession of Quebec, Re [1998] 2 SCR 217 578, 580, 603, 604, 607, 613

Selmouni v France (2002) 29 EHRR 403 522

Shaw v Shaw [1979] Fam 62 400, 405Short v Iran (1987) 16 Iran-USCTR 76 436,

485Sidhu v British Airways plc [1997] 1 All ER 193,

[1997] 2 WLR 26 165Sierra Leone Telecommunications Co Ltd v

Barclays Bank plc [1998] 2 All ER 821 251

Simpson v Libya 326 F 3d 230, 23334 (DC Cir2003) 385

Social and Economic Action Center forEconomic and Social Rights v Nigeria,Comm No 155/96 547

Soering v UK (1989) 11 EHRR 439 447,524

Somersett Case (1772) Somerset v Stewart subnom Sommersetts Case (1772) 20 State Tr 1 333, 836

Sosa v Alvarez-Machain 542 US 692, 729(2004) 337, 348

South West Africa Case, International Status of[1950] ICJ Rep 128 54, 679

South West Africa Cases (PreliminaryObjections): Ethiopia v South Africa; Liberiav South Africa [1962] ICJ Rep 319 267,648, 679

South West Africa Cases (Second Phase):Ethiopia v South Africa; Liberia v SouthAfrica [1966] ICJ Rep 6 639, 662,679

Sovereignty over Pedra Branca/Pulau Batu Puteh,Middle Rock and South Lodge (Malaysia vSingapore) (Merits) (Judgment of 26November 2008) (unreported) 274,282, 299, 304

Spanish Zones of Morocco Claims: Great Britainv Spain (1925) 2 RIAA 615 424, 485

Starrett Housing Corporation v TheGovernment of the Islamic Republic of Iran(1984) 23 ILM 1090 457

Stauder v City of Ulm Case 29/69 [1969]ECR 419 561

Stork v High Authority Case 1/59 [1959]ECR 17 561

Sunday Times v UK (1979) 2EHRR 245 556

TTM v Sweden (CAT 226/2003) 523Taba Arbitration Case (1988) 80 ILR 224

274, 304Tabalda Case Report No. 55/97 823Tachiona v Mugabe 16 F Supp 2d 259 (SDNY)

2001 (Tachiona I) 382, 383Tachiona v US 386F 3d 205, 2004 US App Lexis

20879 (2d Cir Oct 6, 2004) (Tachiona II) 383

Tadic Case It-941-AR 72, 105 ILR 488, ICTYAppeals Chamber, 2 October 1995,(Jurisdiction) 823, 827, 852

Tel-Oren v Libyan Arab Republic, 726 F 2d 774(DC Cir 1984) 338

Temple of Preah Vihear Case: Cambodia vThailand (Merits) [1962] ICJ Rep 6 54,112, 274, 275, 304, 483

Temple of Preah Vihear Case: Cambodia vThailand (Preliminary Objections) [1961]ICJ Rep 17 274, 304, 651

Territo, Re 156 F 2d 142 (1946) 831Texaco v Libya (1977) 53 ILR 389 67, 453,

454, 456, 483Thai-Europe Tapioca Service Ltd v Government

of Pakistan [1975] 3 All ER 961 155Thomas v Baptiste [2002] 2 AC 1, [1999]

3 WLR 249 161163, 172Timberlane Lumber Co v Bank of America

(1976) 549 F 2d 597 341Timofeyev v Russia (2004) ILM 768 450Tinoco Arbitration: Great Britain v Costa Rica

(1923) 1 RIAA 369 631Trail Smelter Arbitration: USA v Canada (1938

and 1941) 3 RIAA 1905 441, 442Treatment of Polish Nationals and Other Persons

of Polish Origin or Speech in the DanzigTerritory (Advisory Opinion) [1932] PCIJSeries A/B No 44 150, 172, 199

Trendtex Trading Corporation v Central Bank ofNigeria [1977] QB 529; [1977] 2 WLR356; [1977] 1 All ER 881 6, 144, 155,172, 368

TA B L E O F C A S E S xxvii

Tyrer v UK (197980) 2 EHRR 1 125, 522,556

UUN and EU Sanctions: Human Rights and the

Fight against Terrorism The Kadi case.Summary of the Chatham HouseInternational Law Discussion Groupmeeting held on 22 January 2009 761

UN Headquarters Agreement Case, SeeApplicability of the Obligation to Arbitrateunder Section 21 of the United NationsHeadquarters Agreement of 26 June 1947

US v Aluminium Co of America (1945) 148 F2d 416 340

US v Alvarez-Machain 504 US 655, 670 (1992) 347, 348

US v Bin Laden 92 F Supp 2nd 189 (SDNY2000) 315, 320

US v Bowman 260 US 94 (1922) 316US v Columba-Colella 604 F 2d 356 (5th Cir

1979) 322, 323US v List (Judgment) 19 February 1948

(Hostage Case) 794US v Nippon Paper Indus. Co 109 F 3d 1

(1st Cir 1997) 341US v Pizzarusso 388 F 2d 8 2nd Cir 1968

320US v Yousef 327 F 3d 56 2nd Cir 2003 320US v Yunis (1989) 83 AJIL 94, 924 F 2d 1086

DC Cir 1991 320US v Zehe 601 F Supp 196 D Mass 1985 320US Diplomatic and Consular Sta in Teheran: US

v Iran [1980] ICJ Rep 3 (Hostages Case) 45, 47, 399, 402, 403, 436, 485, 648,680, 682, 731

Union Bridge Company Claim: USA v GreatBritain (1924) 6 RIAA 138 433

Universal Jurisdiction: Clarifying the BasicConcept (2004) 2 JICJ 735 346

VVearncombe v United Kingdom and Germany

(1989) 59 DR 186 Wachauf Case 5/88[1989] ECR 2609 562

Velsquez Rodrguez v Honduras (Judgment)IACtHR Series C No 4 (29 July 1988) 521

Viviana Gallardo, Re (1981) 20 ILM 1424 540

WWaite and Kennedy v Germany (2000) 30 EHRR

261 357West Rand Central Gold Mining Co v R [1905]

2 KB 391 154Western Sahara Case (Advisory Opinion)

[1975] ICJ Rep 12 55, 276, 591, 610,674, 676, 677, 684

Westland Helicopters Ltd v Arab Organisationfor Industrialisation [1995] 2 All ER 387 155

Wimbledon Case: Great Britain, France, Italyand Japan v Germany [1923] PCIJ Rep Ser ANo 1 663, 683

Wiwa v Royal Dutch Petroleum Co (2001)40 ILM 481 322

Wonderer, The (1921) RIAA 68 432, 433,485

Wood Pulp Cartel, Re see Ahlstrm and Others vEC Commission

Wright (1960) 54 AJIL 836 441

XXuncax v Gramajo, 886 F Supp 162

(D Mass 1995) 338

YYeager v Iran (1987) 17 Iran-USCTR 92 434,

437Youmans Case: USA v Mexico (1926) 4 RIAA

110 433

ZZamora, The [1916] 2 AC 77 157

TA B L E O F C A S E Sxxviii

Table of Statutes

United KingdomBroadcasting Act 1981 167

Child Abduction and Custody Act 1985s 8 405

Consular Relations Act 1968 356, 358,407

Criminal Justice Act 1988 363, 372, 373,379

s 134 372, 373

Diplomatic and Other Privileges Act 1971 358, 412

Diplomatic Privileges Act 1708 400

Diplomatic Privileges Act 1964 356, 357,400, 405

s 2 373s 2(3) 406s 2(4) 401Schedule 1 See Vienna Convention on

Diplomatic Relations 1961

European Communities Act 1972s 4(1) 358, 412Sch 3 358, 412

Extradition Act 1989s 2 372s 8(1) 370

Foreign Corporations Act 1991 224, 243,244, 254, 257, 258, 408

s 1 243

Human Rights Act 1998 167, 170, 497s 3 167, 168, 170, 173s 3(1) 145, 167, 169, 170, 173s 3(2) 168s 4 168

Immigration Act 1971 166Immigration and Asylum Act 1999 165International Organisations Act 1968 358,

412

International Organisations Act 1981 408,412

s 4A 408International Organisations Act 2005 358,

412

Magna Carta 1215 492, 500, 501Matrimonial Causes Act 1973

s 11 169s 11(c) 169

Ordinance for the Government of the Army1386 (Richard II) 800

Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980 315

Rent Act 1977 168Sch 1 168

Slavery Abolition Act 1833 333State Immunity Act 1978 352, 355, 357,

369, 379381, 383, 386391, 396, 414Part I 371Part III 371s 1(1) 386, 387s 2 389s 2(1) 387s 3 386s 3(3) 386s 4 386s 5 387s 6 387s 7 387s 8 387s 9 387s 10 387s 11 387s 13 388, 389s 13(4) 388s 13(5) 388s 14(1) 388s 14(1)(a) 386s 14(2) 360, 389s 16(1)(b) 400

s 16(2) 391s 16(4) 371, 386s 20 372, 373s 21 389

State Immunity Act 1978 (Commencement)Order 1978 (SI 1978/1572) 386

Statute of Westminster 1931 193

Treason Act 1951 318

Visiting Forces Act 1952 391, 413

International Statutes

BelgiumBrabant Joyeuse Entre 1356 500Law of 1993 311, 326, 328Law of 1999 311, 326, 328

CanadaFederal State Immunity Act 1985 383

DenmarkErik Klippings Hndfaestning 1282 500

FranceCivil Code

arts 113117 310Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

(Declaration des Droits de lHomme et duCitoyen) 1789 492, 501

art 2 501

GermanyGerman Provision of Labour (Temporary Sta)

Act 409Penal Code

s 7(1) 310

HungaryGolden Bull 1222 500

IndiaConstitution of India (Amendment of 1962)

287

IraqRCC Resolution 369 359361

IsraelNazi and Nazi Collaborators (Punishment) Law

1950 325

MonacoConstitution of Monaco 2002 267

NigeriaConstitution of Nigeria 110

NorwayConstitution of Norway 111

PolandConstitution of the Free City of Danzig 1920

199

TaiwanTaiwan Relations Act 1979 201

Trinidad and TobagoConstitution of Trinidad and Tobago 163

United StatesAlien Tort Claims Act 1789 (ACTA) 311,

322, 337, 338, 348, 349American Servicemembers Protection Act 2001

96Antiterrorism and Eective Death Penalty Act

1996 (AEDPA) 384, 385Civil Liability for Acts of State Sponsored

Terrorism Act 2000 (The FlatowAmendment) 385

Constitution of the USA 833, 835, 838Fifth Amendment 834Fourteenth Amendment 518

Declaration of Independence 1776 492,501

Detainee Treatment Act 2005 (DTA) 834836

Foreign Relations Law (Third Restatement) 309, 313, 316, 334, 339, 565, 566

s 401(a) 309, 313s 401(b) 309, 313s 401(c) 309, 313s 404 334s 422 344s 423 344

TA B L E O F S TAT U T E Sxxx

Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act 1976 (FSIA) 322, 337, 352, 355, 384, 385, 386, 396

Foreign Trade Anti-Trust Improvement Act1982 (FTAIA) 341

Helms-Burton Act 1996 315, 316, 320Lieber Code (General Order No 100 of 24 April

1863) 801arts 3137 801arts 4980 801

Military Commissions Act 2006 (MCA) 835,836

Sherman Act 341Tourture Victim Protection Act 1991 (TVPA)

322Trading with the Enemy Act 1942 471, 472

USSRConstitution of the USSR 1944 192

TA B L E O F S TAT U T E S xxxi

Table of TreatiesIncluding Covenants, Treaties, Conventions,ICJ Statute and UN Charter etc

AAfrican Charter on Human and Peoples Rights

1981 (Act of Chapultepec) (AfricanCharter) 497, 542548, 570, 599, 707,708

Preamble 544art 2 544art 9(2) 543art 12(4) 544art 13(1) 544art 20 599art 55(1) 547Protocol I Establishing the African Court of

Human and Peoples Rights 1998 (ACtHPRProtocol) 497, 498, 542, 547549, 570

art 3(1) 548art 4 548art 5(1)(e) 497, 548art 7 548art 27(1) 548art 34(6) 570art 60 544Protocol II African Charter on the Rights

and Welfare of the Child 1990 497, 542,570

Protocol III Rights of Women in Africa2003 497, 542, 570

African Charter of the Organisation of AfricanUnity 1963 (OAU Charter) 542, 543

African Mercenary Convention 1977 839American Convention on Human Rights 1969

(ACHR) 160163, 449, 496, 497,532542, 568, 569

art 3 536art 4 536art 4(1) 536art 5 536art 6 536art 7(6) 537art 8 449

art 8(1) 536art 9 536art 10 535art 12 536art 14 535art 15 536art 17 536art 18 536art 19 536art 20 536art 23 536art 25(1) 537art 26 535art 27 536art 27(2) 536, 537art 29(d) 533art 30 536art 46 539art 46(1) 539art 46(2)(a) 539art 46(2)(b) 539art 47 539art 75 537Additional Protocol 1 1988

(San Salvador Protocol) 496, 532, 537,568

Additional Protocol 2 1990 (Relating to theAbolition of the Death Penalty) 496,532, 537, 568

American Treaty on Pacic Settlement ofDisputes 1948 (1948 Bogot Pact) 624,626

Anglo-German Treaty 1890 282Anglo-Greek Treaty of Commerce and

Navigation 1886 474Antarctic Treaty 1959 264, 298, 306, 439,

813art IV 298Protocol on Environmental Protection to the

Antarctic Treaty 1991 298

Apartheid Convention 1973 See InternationalConvention on the Suppression andPunishment of the Crime of Apartheid 1973

Arab Charter on Human Rightsart 19 320

Asian Human Rights Charter 1998 549Atlantic Charter 1941 585Atlantic Treaty 1941 94Austrian State Treaty 1955 299

BBangkok Treaty 1995 812, 813Benelux Economic Union Treaty 1958 193

CCharter of Economic Rights and Duties of States

1974 726Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European

Union 2000 499, 563, 564art 5 321Charter of the Nuremberg Tribunal 1946

396art 7 396

Charter of Paris for New Europe 1990 231,236, 256

Charter of the Commonwealth of IndependentStates 1991 601, 613

Charter of the International MilitaryTribunal (IMT) 210, 212, 213, 215, 375

art 6 212art 7 212art 8 212

Charter of the Organisation of American States1948 (OAS) 496, 532534, 537, 538,540542, 568, 569, 660

art 3(1) 533, 534art 12 227art 16 726art 17 533art 18 726art 19 726

Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty 1996(CTBT) 786, 811

art XIV(2) 811Protocol 811

Congress of Vienna 1815 3, 4, 1214, 20,501

Constitutive Act of the African Union 2001 (AUAct) 543, 547, 549

art 3 543art 4 543, 726art 23(2) 547, 548art 30 547

Convention against Recruitment, Use,Financing and Training of Mercenaries1989 839

Convention against Torture and Other CruelInhuman or Degrading Treatment orPunishment 1984 (CAT) 105, 216, 328,329, 363, 372374, 447, 495, 521,525527, 567, 568, 846

art 1(1) 521, 522art 2(2) 494, 523art 3 523525, 852art 15 525, 833art 16 525art 17 494, 526art 19 521art 20 526art 21 526art 22 526Optional Protocol 2002 216, 526

Convention between Poland and the Free City ofDanzig 1920 198

Convention between the United Kingdom andFrance concerning the New Hebrides 1906 196

Convention concerning Indigenous and TribalPeoples in Independent Countries

art 13(1) 610art 14(1) 610

Convention for the Exemption of Hospital Ships,in Time of War, from Payment of all Duesand Taxes Imposed for the Benet of theState 1904 802

Convention for the Conservation of AntarcticSeals 1972 298

Convention for the Suppression of the Financingof Terrorism 1999 63, 329

Convention for the Suppression of TerroristBombings 1997 339

Convention for the Unication of Certain RulesRelating to Penal Jurisdiction in Matters ofCollision or Other Incidents of Navigation(439 UNTS 233) 1952 (Brussels)

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E Sxxxiv

art 1 317art 3 317

Convention Governing the Specic Aspectsof Refugee Problems in Africa 1969 543

art 1 543Convention on Jurisdiction and the

Enforcement of Judgments in Civil andCommercial Matters 1968 375

Convention on Jurisdictional Immunities ofStates and their Property 2004 352, 355,381, 392396, 414

art 2(1)(b) 394art 2(1)(c) 393art 2(2) 393art 3(2) 396art 5 392art 10 392, 393art 11 392, 393art 12 392394art 13 392, 394art 14 392, 394art 15 394art 16 394art 17 392, 394art 19 392art 19(b) 395art 21 395Annex to Understandings 392

Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions onthe Use of Certain Conventional WeaponsWhich May be Deemed to be ExcessivelyInjurious or to Have Indiscriminate Eects1980 (CCW) (Inhumane WeaponsConvention) 786, 787, 813815

Protocol I an Non-Detectable Fragments 787, 814, 815

Protocol II on Prohibitions or Restrictions onthe Use of Mines, Booby Traps and OtherDevices 814, 815

Protocol III on Prohibitions or Restrictions onthe Use of Incendiary Weapons 814, 815

Protocol IV on Blinding Laser Weapons 814, 815

Protocol V on Explosive Remnants of War(ERW) 814, 815

Convention on the Abolition of Slavery and theSlave Trade 1926 333, 501

Protocol Amending the Slavery Convention1953 333

Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, theSlave Trade and Institutions and PracticesSimilar to Slavery 1956 (SupplementaryConvention) (United Nations) 333, 334,501

Convention on the Avoidance of Statelessnessin Relation to State Succession 2006(Council of Europe) 285

Convention on the Conservation of AntarcticMarine Living Resources 1980 298

Convention on the Elimination of All Forms ofDiscrimination against Women 1979(CEDAW) 494, 518, 519, 567

art 2 519art 15(4) 519art 16 519New York Optional Protocol 1999 494,

518, 519, 567Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of

Racial Discrimination 1966 (CERD) 494,517, 518, 527, 567, 568

art 1 517art 1(4) 517, 518

Convention on the High Seas 1958 (Geneva) 317

art 11 317art 15 332

Convention on the Law of the Sea 1958 72Convention on the Law of the Sea 1982

(UNCLOS) 62, 72, 120, 297, 317,625

Pt XI 62art 55 34art 97 317art 111 313art 312 120

Convention on the Law of the Sea 1986 72Convention on the Law of the Sea 2006

Pt XV 630Convention on the Law of the Sea 2007

Annex VII 630Convention on the Law of the Sea 2008

Annex VII 630Convention on the Prevention and Punishment

of the Crime of Genocide 1948 99, 100,213, 329, 485, 495, 567, 644, 672

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E S xxxv

art I 213art IX 648, 672

Convention on the Privileges and Immunities ofthe Specialised Agencies of the UN 1947 412, 678

Convention on the Privileges and Immunities ofthe United Nations 1946 34, 66,678

Convention on the Prohibition of theDevelopment, Production and Stockpilingof Bacteriological (Biological) and ToxinWeapons and on Their Destruction 1971(BWC) 786, 805, 806

Convention on the Prohibition of theDevelopment, Production, Stockpiling andUse of Chemical Weapons and on TheirDestruction (Ottawa) 1992 (CWC) 216,786, 804, 805, 814

art I(1) 804art II(1) 804

Convention on the Prohibition of the Use,Stockpiling, Production and Transfer ofAnti-personnel Mines and on TheirDestruction 1997 (Ottawa Convention) 65, 787, 815

Convention on the Protection and Promotion ofthe Diversity in Cultural Expressions 2005(UNESCO) 504

Convention on the Regulation of AntarcticMineral Resource Activities 1988 298

Convention on the Safety of United Nations andAssociated Personnel 1994 773

Convention on the Settlement of InvestmentDisputes between States and Nationals ofOther States 1965 458

Convention on the Suppression and Punishmentof the Crime of Apartheid 1973 SeeInternational Convention on theSuppression and Punishment of the Crimeof Apartheid 1973

Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees1951 523, 564

art 1A 852art 1F 523art 3 523art 16 523art 33 523, 524art 33(2) 523

Convention Respecting Free Navigation of theSuez Maritime Canal 1888 119

art 1 119Convention Respecting the Limitation on the

Employment of Force for the Recovery ofContract Debt 802

Convention Revising the General Act of Berlin1885 583

Covenant of the League of Nations 1919 21,113, 286, 575, 635, 689, 697, 698, 706,707

art 1(2) 21art 10 689, 697art 12 698art 12(1) 689, 697art 13 698art 13(4) 697art 14 618, 634art 15 584, 698art 15(7) 698art 16 689, 698art 16(2) 689art 17 698art 18 108art 22 268, 583

DDublin Convention 1990 See Convention

Determining the State Responsible forExamining Applications for Asylum Lodgedin One of the Member States of theEuropean Communities 1990

EEC Treaty 1957 19, 46, 47, 88, 121, 125,

126, 171, 230, 243, 549, 561, 562, 563art 8 243art 81(1) 342

Energy Charter Treaty 1994 629European Convention for the Peaceful

Settlement of Disputes 1957 617, 626art 21 631

European Convention for the Prevention ofTorture and Inhuman or DegradingTreatment or Punishment 1987 552

European Convention for the Protection ofHuman Rights and Fundamental Freedoms1950 105, 121, 125, 146, 167169,

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E Sxxxvi

173, 190, 357, 379381, 410, 412, 439,447, 498, 525, 550, 553559, 561565,570, 571

art 1 555art 2 125, 555, 556art 3 125, 379, 447, 448, 524, 555, 556art 4 555art 4(1) 556art 5 447, 555art 6 381, 391, 392, 412, 449, 555, 557art 6(1) 357, 380, 381, 391, 410412art 7 555, 556art 8 166, 169, 447, 555art 9 555art 10 167, 555art 11 555art 12 555art 13 555art 14 555art 15 556art 18 555art 43(2) 571art 46(1) 560, 571art 57 105Protocol 1 553, 570art 1 557Protocol 4 553, 570Protocol 6 553, 570Protocol 7 553, 570Protocol 11 498, 553, 554, 558560, 570art 35 559art 43(2) 559Protocol 12 553, 570Protocol 13 553, 570Protocol 14 557, 559, 560, 570, 571Protocol 14bis 559, 560, 570

European Convention on Extradition 1972 324

European Convention on Extradition 2008art 9 321First Additional Protocol to the European

Convention on Extradition 2009 321European Convention on Legal Status of Migrant

Workers 1977 552European Convention on Recognition of the

Legal Personality of International Non-Government Organisations 1986 181,215

European Convention on Social and MedicalAssistance 1953 552

European Convention on Social Security 1972 552

European Convention on State Immunity 1972 355, 357, 369, 386

European Social Charter 1961 498, 551,570, 571

Additional Protocol 1988 551Additional Protocol 1995 551, 571

European Social Charter 1996 (Revised Charteradopter 3 May 1996, entered in force 1 July1999) 498, 551

FFramework Convention for the Protection of

National Minorities 1995 552Framework Convention on Climate Changes

1992art 4(1) 66art 4(2) 66

GGeneral Act and Declaration of Brussels 1890

583General Agreement on Tarrifs and Trade (GATT)

1994art XV(2) 62

General Convention on the Privileges andImmunities of the United Nations 1945(CPIUN) 408, 409

s 2 409s 29 409

General, Permanent and Absolute ArbitrationTreaty between Colombia and Chile 1880 627

General Treaty for the Re-establishment of Peace1856 183

General Treaty for the Renunciation of War1928 See Kellogg-Briand Pact 1928

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of theCondition of the Wounded in Armies in theField 1864 209, 787, 801, 801, 818,819, 848

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of theCondition of the Wounded and Sick inArmies in the Field 1906 209, 802,819

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E S xxxvii

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of theCondition of the Wounded and Sick inArmies in the Field 1907 819

Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of theCondition of the Wounded and Sick inArmies in the Field 1929 209, 819

art 2 212art 3 212art 4 212art 46 212art 51 212

Geneva Convention I for the Amelioration of theCondition of the Wounded and Sick inArmed Forces in the Field 1949 20, 52,133, 197, 209, 213, 329, 334, 335, 397,784, 787, 788, 791, 792, 817, 818,820822, 824, 826, 827, 829, 835,844846, 848850

art 2 822, 827art 2(2) 822art 3 213, 335, 788, 789, 791, 822824,

826, 827, 831, 835, 851art 3(1) 824art 3(2) 824art 10(3) 848art 12 827art 13 827, 852art 16(2) 848arts 2427 827art 24 827art 25 827arts 2830 827art 50 789, 844, 852Annex I 827

Geneva Convention II for the Amelioration ofthe Condition of Wounded, Sick andShipwrecked Members of the Armed Forcesat Sea 1949 20, 52, 133, 197, 209, 213,329, 334, 335, 397, 784, 787, 788, 791,792, 817, 818, 820822, 824, 826, 827,835, 844846, 848850

art 2 822, 827art 2(2) 822art 3 213, 335, 788, 789, 791, 822824,

826, 827, 831, 835, 851art 3(1) 824art 3(2) 824art 10(3) 848

art 12 827art 13 827, 852art 22 827art 36 827art 37 827art 51 789, 844, 852

Geneva Convention III Relative to the Treatmentof Prisoners of War 1949 20, 52, 133,197, 209, 213, 329, 334, 335, 397, 784,787789, 791, 792, 817, 818, 820822,824, 826, 828832, 835, 838, 839,844846, 848850, 852

art 2 822, 827art 2(2) 822art 3 213, 335, 788, 789, 791, 822824,

826, 827, 831, 835, 851art 3(1) 824art 3(2) 824art 4 828, 831, 852art 4(1) 828art 4(2) 828, 831art 4(3) 828art 4(4) 828art 4(5) 828art 4(6) 828art 4(A)(1) 852art 4(A)(6) 840art 4(B) 852art 5 832art 8 839, 840art 9 840, 848art 10(3) 848arts 1281 839art 13 846art 31 846art 32 846art 33 827arts 82108 840art 85 831, 839arts 9194 840art 123 848art 126 839art 126(3) 840art 126(4) 840, 848art 126(5) 848art 130 789, 844, 852

Geneva Convention IV Relative to the Protectionof Civilian Persons in Times of War 1949

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E Sxxxviii

20, 52, 131, 133, 197, 209, 213, 329,334, 335, 397, 595, 784, 787789, 791,792, 817, 818, 820822, 824, 826, 829,830, 835, 840842, 844846, 848850

art 2 822, 827, 841, 842art 2(1) 842art 2(2) 822, 842art 3 213, 335, 788, 789, 791, 822824,

826, 827, 831, 835, 851art 3(1) 824art 3(2) 824art 4 852art 5 845, 846art 11(3) 848art 27 846art 31 846art 32 846art 47 596art 49(1) 842art 49(6) 596, 842art 53 842art 140 848art 146(3) 845art 147 789, 844, 852art 154 842

Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf1958 35, 42, 43, 96, 209, 275

art 6 42, 96Geneva Convention on Treatment of Prisoners

of War 1929 209, 819, 827Geneva Convention Regarding the Status of

Refugees 1951 165, 209art 33 51

Geneva Convention Relating to the Status ofStateless Persons 1954 209

Geneva General Act for the Settlement ofDisputes 1928 626

Geneva Protocol I Additional to the GenevaConventions of 1949 and Relating to theProtection of Victims of InternationalArmed Conicts 1977 20, 202, 334,783, 784, 788, 789, 791, 798, 799, 817,818, 820822, 828, 829, 838, 840, 843,844, 848850

preamble 799art 1(2) 794art 1(3) 822art 1(4) 822

art 5 839, 848art 5(3) 840, 848art 5(4) 840, 848art 11(4) 789, 844, 852arts 1520 827art 33(3) 848art 35 817, 852art 37 817art 37(2) 817art 38 818art 40 817art 42 818art 43 852art 44(3) 829, 852art 44(5) 852art 46 839art 46(4) 839art 47 838art 48 797art 51(4) 798art 51(6) 798art 52(2) 785, 794, 795, 851art 53 818art 54 798art 54(2) 796art 54(5) 796art 55 818art 55(1) 798art 56 798, 818art 75 789, 828, 839art 85 789, 844, 852art 86 789, 844, 852art 90 821art 96(3) 843art 143(5) 848

Geneva Protocol II Additional to the GenevaConventions of 1949 and Relating to theProtection of Victims of Non-InternationalArmed Conicts 1977 20, 180, 213,783, 784, 788791, 799, 820, 821,823825, 844, 848851

art 3 335, 788, 789, 791, 822, 826art 4 825art 4(3) 825art 5 825art 6 790, 825, 844art 6(5) 831art 7 825

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E S xxxix

art 8 825art 9 825, 827art 10 825art 11 825art 13 825art 14 825art 15 825art 16 825art 17 825

Geneva Protocol III 2005 788, 818, 819,821

Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of the Usein War of Asphyxiating, Poisonous or OtherGases and Bacteriological Methods ofWarfare 1925 803, 805

HHague Convention I for the Pacic Settlement of

International Disputes 1899 20, 209,617, 622, 624, 626629, 697, 784, 786,788, 790, 791, 800802, 850

art 37 631art 81 632

Hague Convention II with Respect to the Lawsand Customs of War on Land 1899 20,209, 622, 624, 697, 784, 786, 788, 790,791, 800, 801, 819, 850

Hague Convention III for the Adaptation toMaritime Welfare of the Principles of theGeneva Convention of 1864 on the Laws ofWar 1899 20, 209, 622, 624, 697, 784,786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 801, 819, 827,850

Hague Convention IV Prohibiting Launching ofProjectiles and Explosives from Balloons1899 20, 209, 617, 622, 624, 784, 786,788, 790, 791, 800, 801, 850

Hague Convention I for the Pacic Settlement ofInternational Disputes 1907 20, 209,623, 624, 626629, 697, 784, 786, 788,790, 791, 800, 802, 826, 850

Hague Convention II on the Limitation ofEmployment of Force for Recovery ofContract Debts 1907 20, 209, 623, 624,697, 784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802,826, 850

Hague Convention III Relative to the Opening ofHostilities 1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697,

784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 819,826, 850

Hague Convention IV Respecting the Laws andCustoms of War on Land 1907 20, 209,623, 624, 697, 784, 786788, 790, 791,794, 800802, 816, 826, 841, 850

Preamble (containing the Martens Clause) 784, 793, 794, 801, 850

art 3 424art 23(e) 813arts 4256 802art 45 212art 50 212art 52 212art 56 212

Hague Convention V Concerning the Rights andDuties of Neutral Powers and Persons inCase of War on Land 1907 20, 209, 623,624, 697, 784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800,802, 826, 850

Hague Convention VI Concerning the Status ofEnemy Merchant Ships at the Outbreak ofHostilities 1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697,784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826,850

Hague Convention VII Concerning theConversion of Merchant Ships intoWarships 1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697,784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826,850

Hague Convention VIII Concerning the Layingof Automatic Submarine Contact Mines1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697, 784, 786,788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826, 850

Hague Convention IX ConcerningBombardment by Naval Forces in Times ofWar 1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697, 784,786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826, 850

Hague Convention X for the Adaptation toMaritime War of the Principles of theGeneva Convention 1907 20, 209, 623,624, 697, 784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800,802, 826, 827, 850

Hague Convention XI Concerning CertainRestrictions with Regard to the Exercise ofthe Right of Capture in Naval War 1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697, 784, 786, 788,790, 791, 800, 802, 826, 850

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E Sxl

Hague Convention XII Concerning the Creationof an International Prize Court (neverratied) 20, 209, 623, 624, 697,784, 786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826,850

Hague Convention XIII Concerning the Rightsand Duties of Neutral Powers in Naval War1907 20, 209, 623, 624, 697, 784,786, 788, 790, 791, 800, 802, 826,850

Hague Convention for the Protection of CulturalProperty in the Event of Armed Conicts1954 20, 209, 784, 788, 790, 791, 796,818

Hague Convention for the Suppression of theUnlawful Seizure of Aircraft 1970 209,329, 784, 788, 790, 791

Hague Convention on Certain QuestionsRelating to the Conict of Nationality Laws1930 20, 209, 784, 788, 790, 791

art 4 460Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of

International Child Abduction 1980 20,209, 405, 784, 788, 790, 791

Hague Convention on Taking of EvidenceAbroad in Civil and Commercial Matters 314, 784, 788, 790, 791

Harvard Draft Convention on the Responsibilityof States for Damage Done in Their Territoryto the Person or Property of Foreigners1929 449

art 9 449Harvard Research Draft Convention on

Jurisdiction with Respect to Crime 1935 309, 314, 316, 322, 348

IILO Convention 107 of 1957 on Living and

Working Conditions of IndigenousPopulations 610

Inhumane Weapons Convention 1980 SeeConvention on Prohibitions or Restrictionson the Use of Certain ConventionalWeapons Which May be Deemed to beExcessively Injurious or to HaveIndiscriminate Eects 1980

Inter-American Convention on the ForcedDisappearances of Persons 1994 537

Inter-American Convention to Prevent andPunish Torture 1985 537

Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance1947 (the Rio Treaty) 728, 778

art 3 728art 6 778art 8 778

Interim Accord between Greece and Macedonia 1995

art 11 235International Convention against the Taking of

Hostages 1979 404International Convention on Non-proliferation

of Chemical, Biological or Nuclear Weapons 63

International Convention on the Suppressionand Punishment of the Crime of Apartheid 1973

art I 593International Covenant on Civil and Political

Rights 1966 (ICCPR) 103, 447,491494, 505, 509515, 527, 528, 535,543, 548, 567, 568, 595, 598, 599, 612,846

Part I 511Part II 511Part III 511art 1 292, 510, 598, 599art 1(3) 577, 598, 612art 2 511art 2(1) 511, 512art 2(3) 511art 3 510, 511art 4 511art 4(1) 512art 5 510, 511art 5(2) 511art 6 103, 511, 512, 599art 6(1) 512art 7 511, 512art 8 511, 512art 8(1) 512art 9 511, 512art 9(1) 512art 10 511, 512art 10(1) 511art 11 511, 512art 12 512

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E S xli

art 12(1) 512art 12(4) 512art 13 512art 14 209, 449, 512art 14(1) 512art 15 512art 16 512art 17 512art 18 512art 18(1) 512art 19 512art 19(2) 512art 20 512art 21 512art 22 512art 23 512art 24 511, 512art 25 512, 599art 26 512art 27 512art 28 510, 513art 40 513art 41 514Optional Protocol 1 1976 (OPT-1) 103,

493, 509, 514, 515, 598, 599art 5(4) 515Optional Protocol 2 1989 (OPT-II) 103,

510, 515art 1 515art 3 515art 5 515

International Covenant on Economic, Social andCultural Rights 1966 (ICESCR) 491494, 498, 505, 509, 510, 515,516, 528, 532, 567, 577, 595, 598,612

art 1 292, 510art 1(3) 577, 598, 612art 2(1) 516art 3 510art 4 516art 5 510Optional Protocol 2008 493, 516,

517Italian Peace Treaty 1947 122, 461, 462

JJay Treaty 1774 617, 627, 633

KKellogg-Briand Pact 1928 (Pact of Paris) 16,

209, 210, 272, 286, 596, 689, 697, 699,700, 707, 708, 799

Preamble 699art I 699art II 699

LLateran Treaty 1929 197

MMaastricht Treaty See Treaty on European Union

1992Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties of

States 1933 39, 185, 186, 188, 190, 191art 1 265art 1(1) 177, 185, 218art 3 226, 255art 6 226, 255

Montevideo Convention on Rights and Duties ofStates 1939 39

Montreal Convention for the Suppression ofUnlawful Acts against the Safety of CivilAircraft 1971 330, 331

Moscow Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Testsin the Atmosphere, in Outer Space andunder Water 1963 201, 806, 811,813

NNATO Partnership for Peace Agreement 1995

413NATO Status of Forces Agreement 1951 (SOFA)

413New York Convention on the Rights of the Child

1989 494, 495, 520, 567Optional Protocol 1 on the Involvement of

Children in Armed Conicts 2000(New York) 494, 520, 567

Optional Protocol 2 on the Sale of Children,Child Prostitution and Child Pornography2000 (New York) 494, 520, 567

Newfoundland Coast Fishing Treaty 1818 302

North American Agreement on EnvironmentalCo-operation 1993

art 14 217

TA B L E O F T R E AT I E Sxlii

North American Free Trade Agreement 1992(NAFTA)

art 1105 454North Atlantic Treaty 1949 710, 728

art 5 728Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty 1968 (NPT)

18, 439, 786, 806, 809Nuclear Test Ban Treaty 1963 See Moscow

Treating Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests inthe Atmosphere, in Outer Space and underWater

OOslo Convention on Cluster Munitions 2008

(CCM) 787, 814, 816art 2(2) 816

PPact of Paris 1928 See Kellogg-Briand Pact

1928Peace Treaty between the Allied and Associated

Powers and Italy 1947 199Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and

Bulgaria 1947 630Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and

Hungary 1947 630Peace Treaty between the Allied Powers and

Romania 1947 630Peace Treaty of Westphalia 1648 3, 12, 20,

399, 689, 696Peace Treaty with Italy 1947 See Italian Peace

Treaty 1947Pelindaba Treaty 1996 812, 813

RRarotonga Treaty 1985 812, 813Rio Treaty 1947 See Inter-American Treaty of

Reciprocal Assistance 1947Rome Convention for the Suppression of

Unlawful Acts against the Safety of MaritimeNavigation 1988 329

SSchengen Convention on the Gradual Abolition

of Checks at the Common Borders 1985(Schengen I) 321

Schengen Implementing Convention 1990(Schengen II) 321

Seabed Treaty 1971 813Single European Act 1986 230

Title III 230Spain-Belgian Treaty of Conciliation, Judicial

Settlement and Arbitration 1927art 17 649

Statute of the Council of Europe 1949 (COE) 550, 554

art 3 550, 554, 571art 8 554, 571arts 1321 554

Statute of the Inter-American Commission onHuman Rights (IACommHR) 534

art 1(2) 533Statute of the International Crimi