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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONSGeneral
Certificate of Edcation
Ad!anced S"#idiar$ Le!el and Ad!anced Le!el
HISTORY 9697/32
%a&er ' International (i#tor$) *+,-.*++* May/June 2011
3 hours
Additional Material#/ An#0er %a&er
READ THESE INSTR!TIONS "IRST
1rite $or Centre n2"er) candidate n2"er and na2e on all t3e 0or4
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At t3e end of t3e e:a2ination) fa#ten all $or 0or4 #ecrel$
to7et3er5All 8e#tion# in t3i# &a&er carr$ e8al 2ar4#5
T3i# doc2ent con#i#t# of ( &rinted &a7e#5
DC ;S
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Se#$%on A+ The De*e,o-.en$ o $he n%$e Na$%ons 19(1991
Yo .us$ an#0er 9e#tion *5
4EA5NESSES O" THE NITED NATIONS
1 Read t3e Sorce# and t3en an#0er t3e 8e#tion5
13en an#0erin7 &ues$%on 1) candidate# are ad!i#ed to &a$
&articlar attention to t3einter&retation and e!alation of
t3e Sorce# "ot3 indi!idall$ and a# a 7ro&5
Sour#e A
It 2a$ "e) &er3a) a little "old to re2ind $o t3at t3i# i#
not t3e fir#t e:&eri2ent of t3e 4ind t3at3a# "een nderta4en in
t3i# 0orld) and t3at) ala#) t3e fir#t e:&eri2ent 0a# not a
#cce##5 It i# !er$2c3 2ore difficlt t3an one 2a$ t3in4 to "e a real
and a 7ood re&re#entati!e to an A##e2"l$ li4et3i#5 Eac3 of #
2#t fir#t of all 2a4e an effort to #in4 or &reference#) to
&t a#ide or &articlar#$2&at3ie# and or &articlar
anti&at3ie#5 Natrall$) 0e 2#t all 0atc3 o!er t3e intere#t# of
orre#&ecti!e contrie#) "t 0e #3all not #cceed nle## 0e are
con!inced t3at t3o#e intere#t# 2#tta4e t3eir &lace in t3e 0ider
#ettin7 of t3e 7eneral intere#t5 1e 2#t "e con#cio#) o!er anda"o!e
t3e intere#t# of or o0n contr$) of t3e intere#t# of t3e 0orld and
of 2an4ind5 1e 2#t not"e) 3ere) -* different dele7ation# fro2 -*
different contrie# 03o#e onl$ &r&o#e i# to add & -*
national intere#t#5 1e 2#t) on t3e contrar$) 3a!e t3e feelin7
t3at 0e are -* dele7ation# to t3e#a2e A##e2"l$ 03ic3 collecti!el$
re&re#ent# t3e intere#t# of t3e 0orld5
Address by the President of the UN General Assembly to its
Second Plenary Meeting,
January 194!
Sour#e '
At t3e UN) t3e con!entional 0i#do2 i# . t3ere i# not3in7 0ron7
0it3 t3e UN all t3at i# re8ired to2a4e it 0or4 i# t3e &olitical
0ill of it# 2e2"er#5 Unfortnatel$) t3at con!entional 0i#do2 i#
0ron75%olitical 0ill cold not 2a4e t3e 0ea4 Lea7e of Nation# 0or4
and &olitical 0ill i# not eno73 toena"le t3e 0ea4 UN to do t3e
o" it 0a# e#ta"li#3ed to do . t3e o" of 4ee&in7 t3e
&eace5
A Secrit$ Concil t3at can "e rendered i2&otent "$ t3e !ote
of one nation cannot "e7in to7arantee #ecrit$5 A General A##e2"l$
t3at can &a## re#oltion# 0it3 t3e !ote# of
nation#re&re#entin7 le## t3an * of t3e 0orld#
&o&lation) and #o2e ' of t3e 7ro## 0orld &rodct)0ill
not 3a!e) and cannot 7et) t3e re#&ect it 2#t 3a!e if it#
deci#ion# are to "e ta4en #erio#l$5
A UN 0it3 a re7lar "d7et #2aller t3an t3at of Ne0 Yor4 Cit$
cannot do t3e t3in7# it 0a#e#ta"li#3ed to do5 And t3e UN 3a# no
ta:in7 &o0er) no 0a$ to 7et 2one$ fro2 an$ 7o!ern2ent0it3ot
t3at 7o!ern2ent# con#ent5
"rom an article in #Ne$ Jersey %USA& 'a$ Journal(, )ecember
19*+!
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UCLES @** +H+?'@?M?
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Sour#e !
After t3e carna7e of 1orld 1ar II) 2an$ nation# 0ere deter2ined
not to 7o t3ro73 t3at a7ain5 1e"e7an to &lan t3e United Nation#
Or7ani#ation5 In Octo"er *+,-) t3e C3arter 0a# ratified "$
fift$nation# at San Franci#co5 Ent3#ia#2 ran 3i735 T3e UN C3arter
0a# co2&leted on @H
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(
Se#$%on '
Yo 2#t an#0er $hree 8e#tion# fro2 t3i# #ection5
Yo 2#t no$ an#0er "ot3 9e#tion ' and 9e#tion ,5
2 T3e Tr2an Doctrine 0a# a #$2&to2 not a ca#e of t3e Cold
1ar5 (o0 far do $o a7ree
3 T3e 7lo"ali#ation of t3e Cold 1ar "et0een *+- and *+- 0a#
ca#ed "$ t3e USA# 2i#7idedand irrational fear of So!iet intention#5
(o0 far do $o a7ree
OR
( (o0 far 0ere Ara"KI#raeli relation# affected "$ t3e Cold 1ar
"et0een *+-H and *++
Den7 Xiao&in7# 2o!e to0ard# 2ar4et #ociali#2 0a# "ot3 t3e
ca#e of t3e cri#i# of C3ine#eco22ni#2 and t3e rea#on 03$ it
#r!i!ed5 (o0 far do $o a7ree
6 (o0 and 03$ did t3e USA# nclear deterrence #trate7ie#
de!elo& "et0een *+-, and *+H
7 (o0 i2&ortant 0a# t3e USA to t3e de!elo&2ent of t3e
international econo2$ in t3e &eriod fro2*+,- to *+>
In t3e &eriod fro2 *+ to *++*) international aid did 2ore to
3inder t3an a##i#t T3ird 1orldcontrie# in t3e de!elo&2ent of
t3eir econo2ie#5 (o0 far do $o a7ree
;o2yright Acno$ledgements
