9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Normal Cell Cycle

Different cyclin/CDK combinations signal cell activities, including DNA replication, protein synthesis, and nuclear division throughout the cell cycle.

Chapter 9

Cellular Reproduction

Quality Control Checkpoints

The cell cycle has built-in checkpoints that monitor the cycle and can stop it if something goes wrong.

Spindle checkpoints also have been identified in mitosis.

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Abnormal Cell Cycle: Cancer

Cancer is the uncontrolled growth and division of cells.

Cancer cells can kill an organism by crowding out normalcells, resulting in the loss of tissue function.

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Causes of Cancer

The changes that occur in the regulation of cell growth and division of cancer cells are due to mutations.

Various environmental factors can affect the occurrence of cancer cells.

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Apoptosis

Programmed cell death

Cells going through apoptosis actually shrink and shrivel in a controlled process.

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Stem Cells

Unspecialized cells that can develop into specialized cells when under the right conditions

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Embryonic Stem Cells

After fertilization, the resulting mass of cells divides repeatedly until there are about 100–150 cells. These cells have not become specialized.

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

Cellular Reproduction

Adult Stem Cells

Found in various tissues in the body and might be used to maintain and repair the same kind of tissue

Less controversial because the adult stem cells can be obtained with the consent of their donor

Chapter 9

9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0gF8bCE4wqA

HeLa Cells