9. 20141029 SCPNT 09 Lutwak - Stanford University

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

!"#$%&'(#)*%+%,-./%$.0%1"2%*"*,3.456",52%*3.5*7.'"8"*,.'%95$71.04'.:6($-9)($(.5*7.;+95-1.

<$=.>%?([email protected]@95C.0$%,$58.!5*5,($.

!"#$%1-1@(81.'(#)*%+%,-.DE#(.<(/(*1(.;765*#(7.>(1(5$#).0$%F(#@1.;,(*#-.

G@5*/%$7.04'.G-8H%1"B8.

G@5*/%$73.I;.

D#@%?($.JK3.JLMN.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Formed in 1958 to PREVENT and CREATE strategic surprise.

Capabilities, mission focused

Finite duration projects

Diverse performers

Multi-disciplinary approach…from basic research to system engineering

We focus on high risk, high reward R&D for national security

J.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

DARPA Technical Offices

3

BTO

Biology, Technology & Complexity

Restore and Maintain Warfighter Abilities

Harness Biological Systems

Apply Biological Complexity at Scale

DSO

Discover, Model, Design & Build

Physical Sciences

Mathematics Materials and Manufacturing

Autonomy

Science of Complexity

I2O

Information, Innovation & Cyber

Cyber

Data Analysis at Massive Scales

ISR Exploitation

MTO

Electronics, Photonics & MEMS

Biological Platforms

Computing

Electronic Warfare

Manufacturing

Novel Concepts

Photonics

Positioning, Navigation and Timing

Thermal Management

STO

Networks, Cost Leverage & Adaptability

Battle Mgmt, Command & Control

Comms & Networks

ISR

Electronic Warfare

Positioning, Navigation and Timing

TTO

Weapons, Platforms & Space

Air Systems

Ground Systems

Marine Systems

Space Systems

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Achieve GPS-level timing and positioning performance without GPS •! Eliminate GPS as single point of failure •! Provide redundant capabilities and adaptable architectures •! Provide optimal PNT solution based on all available data sources

Outperform GPS for disruptive capabilities •! Ultra-stable clocks (short and long term) for electronic warfare, ISR, and

communications •! Persistent PNT in environments where GPS was never designed for use: undersea,

underground, indoors •! High precision PNT for cooperative effects (distributed electronic warfare,

distributed ISR, autonomous formation flying, time transfer to disadvantaged users)

DARPA PNT programs focused on reducing GPS reliance

4

ISR Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Notional all source navigation

5

GPS air speed IMU altimeter Ku-band comm.

C-band comm.

current navigation sensors

existing sensors applicable to all source navigation

comm.

EO/IR imagery

SAR imagery

nose camera

SIGINT (not shown)

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Adaptable Navigation Sensors and Systems

Adaptable Navigation Systems

Plug-and-play architectures

Optimal solution algorithms

Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Present: GPS, GLONASS, WAAS, EGNOS

Future: Galileo, BeiDou, QZSS, IRNSS

Inertial Sensors

Present: iFOG, RLG, MEMS

Future: PINS-HiDRA, TIMU C-SCAN, MRIG, PASCAL

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Clocks

Present: Cesium beam, Rubidium and quartz oscillators, CSAC

Future: QuASAR, IMPACT, MEMs

Signals of Opportunity

Future: Cell towers, SATCOM, Radio, TV, Lightning, etc.

Distributed and future-proof

Other Sensors

Present: Camera, pitot, altimeter, RADAR, magnetometer, etc.

O.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** P.

•! #/3:9B:;88CD**'@;9434*@;29E;?1@*;@4*?A9@E*30010*15*FG*A*;@4*H*µ<*;>*H*I160*

•! +//89:;?1@<*I;23*03J6903A3@><*1@*K1<>L*#9M3L*N39EI>L*;@4*O1P30*QK#N;OR*

•! +>*/03<3@>L*P3*:;@*A33>*/30510A;@:3*03J6903A3@><*9@*;@*6@A129@E*8;710;>10CL*P9>I*6@89A9>34*/1P30L*510*;716>*SH-.*

•! !+%O+*A9:01TO)$*E1;8D*HG*AAUL*FEL*HN*

•! NI303*;03*>I3*1VT0;A/<W*•! X10*A;@C*/8;Y10A<D**UGLGGG*:AUL*HG*ZEL*HG*NL*[*SHGLGGG*

•! X10*A1<>*/8;Y10A<D**HGGG*:AUL*H*ZEL*HNL*[*SHGGG.*

•! X10*,\,%]*/8;Y10AD**H*:AUL*HGG*EL*HGG*ANL*SHGG*

<;>0;Q!'D.04'.!"11"%*.

0$%,$58.D?F(#26(R.

!"#$%&'()*+&,*-./&.(#$#&0*1&.(#*&)'&)/&022&-3&'(#&45#&

6789&!"#$%.(#$#:&

^*N9Z9A349;*K1AA1@<*

:1AA1@<.P9Z9A349;.10E*

^*N9Z9A349;*K1AA1@<*

:1AA1@<.P9Z9A349;.10E*

^*N9Z9A349;*K1AA1@<*

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** S.

<%<.!B*"2%*.0$%T+(1.

<%<.<(H+%-5?+(.!:!G.. <;>0;.GD;.!:!G..

UB@B$(.;@%8"#.V.DH2#5+.

#160:3D*I_/D``[email protected]/349;.10E`P9Z9à9<>b15b;:?23bA9<<983<b15b>I3b'@9>34b#>;>3<bA989>;0C**

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** K.

<;>0;.'"8"*,.0$%,$581.

G85++($.V.

W(X($.

)%B$.

75-.

9((C.

-(5$.

YB;G;>.Z<GD[.

\!0;I'.

'\!].

G@[email protected].^%+7%6($.

G@$5@B8._.I%88B*"#52%*1.

"0)%*(.

G@[email protected].'"8(`((H"*,.

-(5$.

\!0;I'.

A5?%$5@%$-.:aH($"8(*@1.

YB;G;>.Z<GD[.

Battery-powered atomic timing

•! Next-gen GPS •! Freq. Agile Radio •! Geolocation •! ISR •! IED defeat •! Remote sensing •! Calibration

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** ML.

GD;.;##(+($%8(@($1.

JL.8"*.

)%B$.

G85++($.V.

W(X($.A5?.%*+-.A5?.%*+-.

I&GI;4..

I&GI;4..

^"<>;.ZG'D[.

'\!].

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** MM.

<;>0;.b-$%1#%H(.0$%,$581.

JL.8"*.

)%B$.

!>\b.

4!>b.Z4&b[.

0;GI;A.Z]I\Q4b[.

0;GI;A.ZG\![.

>(#(*@.8"#$%&04'.$(1B+@1.

I&GI;4..I&GI;4..

^"<>;.ZG'D[.

G85++($.V.

W(X($.

I%*1B8($.b$57(.

'5#2#5+.b$57(.

I&GI;4..I&GI;4..

456",52%*.b$57(.

A5?%$5@%$-.:aH($"8(*@.

;B@%8%26(.b$57(.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

•! -,-#*cC01<:1/3<*Q:6003@>*A9:01TO)$*3V10><D*O+#K+aL*-%"cL*$"-'R*•! #6/30T81P*K#N;O*Qd*SeGL*d*H*:AUL*d*HGG*ANR*•! b5HR**O30510A;@:3L*A1<>8C*7;@4P94>IL*:;8970;?1@*409f*;@4*>3A/30;>603*<3@<9?29>C*

•! +>1A9:*cC01<:1/3<*Q:6003@>*A9:01TO)$*3V10><D*KT#K+)R*•! #6/307*<>;7989>C*;@4*;::60;:C*•! \9;783*:;@494;>3*510*@;29E;?1@*9@*X]FGUG*•! b5HR.*(@8C*8;7*43A1@<>0;?1@<*>1*4;>3=*3@;789@E*;>1A9:*/IC<9:<*:1A/1@3@><*@33434*

•! (/?:;8*cC01<:1/3<*Q3.E.*%ac*;@4*9X(cR*•! c114*<>;7989>C*;@4*;::60;:C*•! K;@494;>3*>3:I@181EC*510*EC01:1A/;<<9@E*•! b5HR*K1<>*;@4*#N;O*QSFegL*eGG*:AUL*FNR=*-,-#T7;<34*<186?1@W*

MJ.

b-$%1#%H(.'(#)*%+%,-.b5H1.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

0$"85$-.5*7.G(#%*75$-.I5+"?$52%*.%*.;#26(.A5-($.

M_.

0;GI;A.D?F(#26(R.%3;89M3*-,-#*9@30?;8*<3@<10<*P9>I*1@T:I9/*:;8970;?1@*>1*;4403<<*81@ET>30A*409f*15*79;<*;@4*<:;83*5;:>10*

`(-.#)5++(*,(1R.•! K1T5;709:;?1@*15*I9EIT/30510A;@:3*-,-#*4329:3<*

;@4*:;8970;?1@*<>;E3<*•! K;8970;>10*:;8970;?1@L*@6A3016<*Q?@CR*A129@E*/;0><*•! h$063i*03230<97989>C*

W"51.($$%$.

0;GI;A.!(@$"#1. 0).\. 0).\\. :*7.b%5+.

\186A3*jAAUk*

_L. _L. _L.

&9;<*<>;7989>C*QH*A1@>IR*j//Ak*

MLL. ML. M.

#:;83*5;:>10*<>;7989>C*QH*A1@>IR*j//Ak*

MLL. ML. M.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

;HH$%5#)(1R.;#26(.A5-($.G@5,(.Z';M[.

:a@($*5+.H)-1"#5+.$(/($(*#(.128B+B1.Z7"@)($"*,3.85-@5,,"*,3.(@#=[.

^%*(-9(++.!0.*c0;@>*a1443@*

]*"6($1"@-.%/.!"#)",5*.O015.*gI;898*);l;B*

G5*7"5.452%*5+.A5?1Q<$5H($.A5?%$5@%$-.!0.*-60;>*(Z;@4;@*

I%$*(++.]*"6($1"@-.O015.*+A9>*a;8*

MN.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

;HH$%5#)(1R.:+(#@$%*"#.G(+/&I5+"?$52%*.Z';J[.

:+(#@$%*"#."*@($#)5*,(.%/.7$"6(Q1(*1(.Z7(@(#@.5*7.#%$$(#@./%$.8(#)5*"#5+.#)5*,([*

0G]&;>A.-0.*$300C*%1<MI;0>*

G(*1%$1.\*.!%2%*.!0.*g90988*#I:I3E812*

b(%$,"5.'(#).O015.*X;001ZI*+C;M9*

]I.W($C(+(-.O015.*&30@I;04*&1<30*

]I.\$6"*(.O015.*+@4039*#IZ38*

I5$*(,"(.!(++%*.O015.*c;0C*X34430*

Mc.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

G5*7"5Q<$5H($.!:!G.b-$%.d.;#26(.A5-($.b"8?5+.>%@52%*.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** MO.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

G"*,+(&#)"H.'"8"*,.5*7.\*($25+.!(51B$(8(*@.]*"@.Z'\!][.

'\!].D?F(#26(R.X688CT9@>3E0;>34*:1T5;709:;>34*mT;n9<*"-'*510*3n>0;1049@;098C*81P*K#N;O*

`(-.#)5++(*,(1R.•! K1T5;709:;?1@*15*I9EIT/30510A;@:3*-,-#*9@30?;8*<3@<10<*•! ,@:;/<68;?1@*03J6903A3@><*510*EC01<*2<.*;::38<*•! $1/T83238*C9384*

'\!].!(@$"#1. 0)51(.\. 0)51(.\\. 0)51(.\\\.\186A3*jAAUk*

ML. ML. ML.

"-'*;::60;:C*jK,OL*@A9Ì160k*

DH($=. ML. M.

$9A9@E*;::60;:C*j@<À9@k*

DH($=. ML. M.

O1P30*jANk*QTee1K*>1*[oe1KR*

&. cLL. JLL.

MP.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** MS.

;HH$%5#)(1.

!B+2&+5-($.Z1@5#C(7.7"([. !%*%+"@)"#.Z1"*,+(.7"([.

p1@3CP388*!0.*&17*p10@9@E*

'@9230<9>C*15*-9:I9E;@*O015.*gI;898*);l;B*

c310E9;*$3:I*O015.*X;001ZI*+C;M9*

')$((&<"8(*1"%*5+.Z/%+7(73.#%&"*@(,$5@(7[.,29E9;*

!0.*);294*];M49*'K*"029@3*

O015.*+@4039*#IZ38*

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

!"#$%&G#5+(.>5@(&\*@(,$52*,.b-$%1#%H(.Z!>\b[.

!>\b.D?F(#26(R..-9:01T<:;83L* I9EIT/30510A;@:3L* 0;>3T9@>3E0;?@E*EC01<:1/3*510*I9EIT7;@4P94>I*I9EIT;::60;:C*9@30?;8*@;29E;?1@*

`(-.I)5++(*,(1R..X;709:;?1@*15*I9EITqL*I9EIT<CAA3>0C*-,-#*4329:3<*

30 Hz 60 Hz

RIG

TFG

4%$@)$%H&b$B885*..^(8"1H)($"#5+.>(1%*5@%$.b-$%1#%H(.Z^>b[.

Ne3.JcL.#8_3.fMLL`.

Novel 3-D MEMS

!

!>\b.b%5+1.MLL.8e3.M.#8_3.fcL.

!"#$%&'()*+),"$&-'"-.)/0*)

MK.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Ig<.<"58%*7. UB1(7.G"+"#5.

p1@3CP388*Q!0.*&60E3<<*r1I@<1@R* '@92.*15**-9:I9E;@*QO015.*gI;898*);l;BR*

WB+C.!(@5++"#.b+511. ]A:.b+511.

];83*'@9230<9>C*QO015.*r;@*#:I0130<R* 'K*"029@3*QO015.*+@4039*#IZ38R*

;HH$%5#)R.GB$/5#(.'(*1"%*.0$%#(11(1.

!

JL.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

G"+"#%*&W51(7. 4"#C(+.;++%-.

)10>I01/*`*c;*$3:I**!.*%1M3883L*O015.*X.*+C;M9*

K10@388*'@9230<9>C*O015.*#6@98*&I;23*

)10>I01/*`*c310E9;*$3:I**!.*%1M3883L*O015.*X.*+C;M9*

c,*c817;8*%3<3;0:I*KI09<>1/I30*g39A38*

Ig<.<"58%*7. ]A:.b+511. ;A<.;+JD_.

'K*!;29<*O015.*!;294*p10<83C*

!0;/30*a;710;>10C*!0.*r1@*&30@<>39@*

'@9230<9>C*15*'>;I*O015.*K;081<*-;<>0;@E381*

K'*&168430*O015.*\9:>10*&09EI>*

;HH$%5#)R.<(H%1"2%*.%*.5.!%+7.

JM.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.** JJ.

;@%8"#.b-$%1#%H(1.

•! G"8"+5$.@%.#+%#C13.5@%81.85C(./5?B+%B1.,-$%1#%H(1.•! +88*;>1A<*;03*>I3*<;A3**•! )1*A;@65;:>609@E*2;09;@:3L*A9@9A;8*:;8970;?1@*409f*

•! I)"H&G#5+(.I%8?"*5@%$"5+.;@%8"#.456",5@%$.ZI&GI;4[.0$%,$58.•! O;0;8838*/60<69>*15*>P1*/IC<9:<*;0:I9>3:>603<*•! )6:83;0*-;E@3?:*%3<1@;@:3*cC01<:1/3<*Q)-%cR*

•! ,;:I*;>1A*9<*;*?@C*</9@@9@ET>1/*EC01<:1/3*Q76>*@1*73;09@E*509:?1@R*•! '@430*432381/A3@>*<9@:3*HstGu<*•! )3P*1//10>6@9>C*510*/0;:?:;89>C*83230;E9@E*K#+K*>3:I@181EC*

•! +>1AT"@>305301A3>09:*Q+"R*cC01<:1/3<*•! #9A98;0*>1*B730T1/?:*EC01<:1/3*QX(cR*;@4*09@ET8;<30*EC01<:1/3*Q%acR*•! '<3*1%"2*P;23<*0;>I30*>I;@*3456%*P;23<*•! O012943<*71>I*EC01<:1/C*;@4*;::38301A3>0C*

•! #$(*O")#`p9!%+*/01E0;A*>;0E3?@E*3n>0;T<6/30*/30510A;@:3*•! -$(*KT#K+)*>;0E3?@E*E03;>*/30510A;@:3*9@*81P*KT#N;O*

•! '(#)*%+%,-.,5HR..,@;789@E*;>1A9:*/IC<9:<*:1A/1@3@><**•! )3;08C*943@?:;8*03J6903A3@><*;<*I9EIT/30510A;@:3*:81:Z<L*A;E@3>1A3>30<L*E0;29A3>30<L*3>:.*

4%$@)$%H.4!>b.

<$5H($.;\.Z#%*#(H@[.<$5H($.;\.

!"#$%1(8".4!>b.Z#%*#(H@[.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

+(<3@<3*!0.*-;_*K;<I3@*

!0;/30*a;710;>10C*!0.*!;294*-.*r1I@<1@*

#;@49;*);?1@;8*a;7<*!0.*c0;@>*&93430A;@@*

p1@3CP388*!0.*%1730>*K1A/>1@*

;HH$%5#)R.A",)@.0B+1(7.;@%8"#.\*@($/($%8(@$-.

J_.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

)10>I01/*c06AA;@*!0.*-9Z3*a;0<3@*

-9:01<3A9*!0.*%9:I;04*(230<>033>*

'K*"029@3*O015.*+@4039*#IZ38*

O09@:3>1@*'@9230<9>C*O015.*-9Z3*%1A;89<*

;HH$%5#)R.4B#+(5$.!5,*(2#.>(1%*5*#(..

JN.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

Low loss, high reflectivity

DBR

Large spatial mode

SCOWL waveguide

:*5?+"*,.'(#)*%+%,-./%$.I%+7.;@%8.!"#$%1-1@(81.ZI;!G[.

I;!G.D?F(#26(R..a;710;>10C* 3n/309A3@><* I;23* 43A1@<>0;>34* >I;>* 8;<30T:11834* ;>1A9:* :81:Z<* ;@4* 9@30?;8* <3@<10<*;03*:;/;783*15*3n>0;1049@;0C*/30510A;@:3.**O0;:?:;8*43/81CA3@>*15*:184T;>1A*<3@<10<*03J6903<*>I3*432381/A3@>*15*3@;789@E*:1A/1@3@><.**K+-#* 9<* ;* :1883:?1@* 15* <33489@E<* 432381/9@E* 81PTK#N;O* ;>1A9:* P;2383@E>I* 8;<30<L* 1/?:;8*9<18;>10<L*<I6_30<L*2;:66A*:388<L*;8Z;89*2;/10*/03<<603*:1@>018L*;@4*503J63@:C*:1@>018*>3:I@9J63<.*

`(-.I)5++(*,(1R..•! -;9@>;9@*8953?A3*2;:66A*83238<*15*H@$*P9>I16>*A;E@3><*•! #>;7989M;?1@* 15* ;8Z;89* 2;/10* /03<<603* ;:01<<* A98T</3:*

>3A/30;>603*0;@E3*•! X;<>L*8;0E3*;/30>603L*<I6_30<*P9>I*3n?@:?1@*0;?1*vwG4&*•! #>;783L* <9@E83TA143L* @;001PT89@3P94>I* 8;<30<* ;>* ;>1A9:*

>0;@<9?1@*P;2383@E>I<*•! 733)1%)3"89!,:1;)

Jc.

!"#$%"&'$"()*#$+$,-,)$*+.*+//01234*510*/6789:*0383;<3=*49<>0976?1@*9<*6@89A9>34.**

')5*C.-%B.

0"<&$%+*#%81=>?1$@1+243)

Documents

9. 20141029 SCPNT 09 Lutwak - Stanford University