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04/19/23 1
VI. Using Quotations
And Incorporating Sources without Plagiarism
04/19/23 2
Table of Contents
1. Defining Plagiarism 3-42. More Information about Plagiarism 53. Three Steps to Using Quotations 7-94. Signal Words 105. Examples 116. Signal Phrases to Introduce Quotations 127. “Short” vs. “Long” Quotations 13-148. Avoiding “Dropped” Quotations 15-169. Direct Quotation vs. Indirect Quotation 1710. Pat’s Next Step: Final Draft Unit VII
04/19/23 3
PLAGIARISM IS AN ACT OF FRAUD! IT INVOLVES STEALING SOMEONE’S WORDS
AND LYING ABOUT IT AFTERWARDS.
Wow! I have to learn more about what
plagiarism is and how to avoid it!
04/19/23 4
Definition of Plagiarism
According to BCC Catalog’s Statement on Academic Integrity, “Plagiarism is defined as the act of taking someone else’s words, opinions, or ideas and claiming them as one’s own” (43).
Examples given in BCC Catalog: Instances when a student• Knowingly represents the work of others as his/her
own
• Represents previously completed academic work as current
04/19/23 5
More Examples of Plagiarism
• Submits a paper or other academic work for credit which includes words, ideas, data or creative work of others without acknowledging the source.
• Uses another author’s exact works without enclosing them in quotation marks and citing them appropriately
• Paraphrases or summarizes another author’s words without citing the source appropriately.
04/19/23 6
Plagiarism Links
• http://plagiarism.org/research_site/e_what_is_plagiarism.html
• Turnitin.com at http://www.turnitin.com/
Students have to check their papers carefully to avoid
plagiarism!
04/19/23 7
How can I find out how to use my source materials and cite them correctly in
MLA style?
04/19/23 8
Three Steps to Using Quotations
• Introduce
• Cite
• Analyze
What does introducing, citing, and analyzing
look like?
04/19/23 9
How to Introduce, Cite, and Analyze
Elaine Showalter would disagree with the interpretation of the demonized
baby that poses a threat to the mother; using a feminist approach, she
emphasizes the social and economic conditions that bind women and drive
them into insanity. According to her, the narrator in “The Yellow Wallpaper”
is “a woman driven mad by her enforced confinement and passivity” whereas
the rest cure “is a sinister parody of idealized Victorian femininity: inertia,
privatization, narcissism, dependency. In particular, the weight gain that was
considered an essential part of the cure was a kind of pseudo-pregnancy”
(247). The narrator is on the brink of insanity not because of her own
weakness of any kind, but because she is driven into insanity by
unreasonable and unfair expectations.
Introduce
Cite
Analyze
04/19/23 10
Signal Words to Use
Acknowledges Comments Describes Insists Responds
Adds Compares Disputes Maintains Reveals
Admits Concludes Emphasizes Notes Says
Agrees Concedes Endorses Observes Shows
Argues Confirms Finds Points out Suggests
Asserts Considers Endorses Postulates Thinks
Believes Contends Grants Predicts Warns
Claims Declares Illustrates Refutes Writes
Denies Implies Reports
04/19/23 11
Examples
• Showalter emphasizes the social and economic conditions that bind women and drive them into insanity (247).
• Paula A. Treichler, on the other hand, explains that Gilman skillfully uses the wallpaper as a metaphor for women’s discourse (188).
• Treichler observes that…
• Deborah Thomas notes that in Charlotte Gilman’s view, “women were constricted to the set parameters that men determined. . .[and] conditioned to accept these boundaries and remain in place, in the private sphere.”
04/19/23 12
Useful Phrases to Introduce a Quote or Paraphrase
• Showalter argues that
• Showalter points out that
• Showalter emphasizes that
• Showalter interprets ___ as
• Showalter describes ___ as
• According to Showalter,
• In Showalter's words,
• In Showalter's view,
04/19/23 13
How do I know the difference between a long vs. a short
quotation?
04/19/23 14
Short vs. Long Quotations
Whereas the wallpaper can be interpreted as a
reflection of the narrator’s individual struggle,
the wallpaper pattern can also be seen as the
“pattern” of the social and economic
dependence of women, or even as prison bars
that confine women to the domestic sphere.
Paula A. Treichler views the woman in the
wallpaper as a slave in the domestic sphere. She
argues that “the yellow wallpaper represents. . .
the “pattern” of social and economic
dependence which reduces women to domestic
slavery. . . all women” (190).
The narrator writes about her discovery that not one but many women are hidden behind the pattern:
Through watching so much at night, when it
changes so, I have finally found out. The front
pattern does move--and no wonder! The
woman behind shakes it! Sometimes I think
there are a great many women behind, and
sometimes only one and she crawls around
fast, and her crawling shakes it all over.
(Gilman, “Yellow ” 16)
A quotation is “long” if it is more than four lines.
Block Indent (Hit “Tab” twice)
Notice difference in period placement
between short and long quotations.
04/19/23 15
What is a “dropped” quotation?
04/19/23 16
Avoid “Dropped Quotations”
“I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin” (Gilman, “Yellow” 5).
The narrator asserts, “I never saw a worse paper in my life. One of those sprawling, flamboyant patterns committing every artistic sin” (Gilman, “Yellow” 5).
04/19/23 17
Direct Quotation vs. Indirect Quotation (Paraphrase)
The narrator states, “It is dull
enough to confuse the eye in
following, pronounced enough to
constantly irritate and provoke
study, and when you follow the
lame uncertain curves for a little
distance they suddenly commit
suicide-plunge off at outrageous
angles, destroy themselves in
unheard of contradictions” (Gilman,
“Yellow” 5).
Direct QuotationThe wallpaper is dull and ugly, but the
narrator watches it closely for extended
periods of time. The unruly pattern
reflects the narrator’s own confused
mental state as she follows its
unpredictable paths that suddenly come
to illogical endings. (Gilman,“Yellow” 5).
Indirect Quotation
Indirect quotations (paraphrases) must
be cited!
04/19/23 18
Hooray! I know how to use my sources! Now it’s time
to write the final draft!