DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID

CONNECTION/ISLANDING OPERATIONA Project Report submitted in Partial fulfilment of requirements for the award of degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

By

P.SANDHYA SAMERA CH.HARIKA (08KD1A0233) (08KD1A0210)

B.NIRANANDAYOGI P.TEJESWARA RAO (08KD1A0205) (08KD1A0245)

Under the esteemed guidance of

Sri B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI

Assistant Professor

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICSLENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE. Affiliated to JNTUK.)Jonnada, Vizianagaram-535005.

2008-2012.

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project titled “DYNAMIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE

GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTED/ISLANDING OPERATION” is the

bonafide work done by P.SANDHYA SAMERA (08KD1A0233),

CH.HARIKA(08KD1A0210), B.NIRANANDA YOGI(08KD1A0205), P.TEJESWARA

RAO(08KD1A0245) under the guidance of SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI, in partial

fulfilment of the requirement for the award of B.Tech degree in the Department of Electrical

and Electronics Engineering, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY , Visakhapatnam during the academic year 2008-2012.

Head of the Department Project Guide Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA SRI B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI

Associate professor Assistant professor

Department of E.E.E Department of E.E.E

LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGYJOONADA: VIZIANAGARAM -535005.

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We are greatly thankful and deeply indebted to our guide Sri.B.SANTHOSHI KUMARI,

Assistant Professor, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, for

giving us an opportunity to work under her by giving valuable suggestions and kind

cooperation, guidance throughout the time.

We express our sincere thanks to Prof.B.T.RAMAKRISHNA, Head of the department,

Electrical and Electronics engineering, LENDI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND

TECHNOLOGY Engineering College, for his cooperation and encouragement.

We are grateful to principal V.V.RAMA REDDY and management members,

Visakhapatnam for their encouragement.

We are very much grateful to all our faculty members and other teaching and non teaching

staff for their kind cooperation.

We wish to take this opportunity to express our deep gratitude to all our friends who have

extended their cooperation in various ways during the project work. It is our pleasure to

acknowledge the help of all those individuals. Finally we would like to thank our parents for

their encouragement and cooperation.

P.SANDHYA SAMERA(08KD1A0233)

CH.HARIKA (08KD1A0210)

B.NIRANANDA YOGI (08KD1A0205)

P.TEJESWARA RAO(08KD1A0245)

MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING

OPERATION

ABSTRACT

Distributed Generation (DG) is predicted to play an important role in electrical power

system in the near future. The insertion of DG system into existing distribution network has

great impact on real-time system operation and planning. It is widely accepted that micro

turbine generation (MTG) systems are currently attracting lot of attention to meet customers

need in the distribution power generation market. In order to investigate the performance of

micro turbine generation systems their efficient modelling is required.

The project ‘DYMANIC MODEL OF MICROTURBINE GENRATION SYSTEM

FOR GRID CONNECTION/ISLANDING CONNECTION proposes a dynamic model of a

MTG system, suitable for grid connection/islanding operation The presented model allows

the bidirectional power flow between grid and MTG system. The components of the system

are built from the dynamics of each part with their interconnections. The control strategies for

both grid connected and intentional islanding operation mode of a DG system are also

proposed.

For the purpose of modelling initially a dynamic model for each component in the

system, including micro turbine, permanent magnet synchronous generator, 3 phase AC-DC

rectifier and DC-AC inverter is developed and after this stage the model is implemented in

simulation software. In this project the simulation tool is Matlab/Simulink. Simulations are

carried out in islanded and grid-connected mode of the system to observe the system’s

behaviour when supplying customer’s variable loads. It also incorporates modelling and

simulation of microturbine with a speed control system of the micro turbine-synchronous

generator to keep the speed constant with load variation.

CONTENTS

Acknowledgements

Abstract

CHAPTERS

1. INTRODUCTION 01

1.1 INTRODUCTION 02

1.2 ABOUT THE PROJECT 03

2. DISTRIBUTED GENERATION 04

2.1 OUTLOOK OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION 05

2.2 WHY INTEGRATION OF DISTRIBUTED GENERATION? 05

2.3 ACTIVE DISTRIBUTED NETWORK 07

3. DISTRIBUTED ENERGY RESOURCES 09

3.1 INTRODUCTION 10

3.2 COMBINED HEAT AND POWER (CHP) SYSTEM 10

3.2.1MICRO-CHIP SYSTEMS 11

3.2.2 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 12

3.2.3 STIRLING ENGINES 12

3.2.4 MICROTURBINES 13

3.2.5 FUEL CELLS 15

3.3 WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS (WECs)

17

3.4 SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV) SYSTEMS 17

4. MICROTURBINE GENERATION SYSTEM 19

4.1 INTRODUCTION 20

4.2 MICROTURBINE 20

4.2.1 SPEED CONTROL BLOCK 21

4.2.2 FUEL CONTROL BLOCK 22

4.2.3 TURBINE BLOCK 24

4.2.4 TEMPERATURE CONTROL

24

4.2.5 ACCELERATION CONTROL 25

4.3 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 26

4.3.1 SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE STRUCTURE 26

4.3.2 PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 27

5. MATLAB AND SIMULINK 29

MATLAB

5.1 INTRODUCTION 30

5.1.1 KEY FEATURES 30

SIMULINK

5.2 INTRODUCTION 31

5.2.1 KEY FEATURES 31

5.2.2 BLOCK DIAGRAM 32

5.2.3 SIMULINK BLOCK LIBRARIES 33

5.2.4 SUBSYSTEMS 34

5.2.5 SOLVERS 34

1. FIXED STEP SOVERS 34

2. VARIABLE STEP SOLVERS 34

3. CONTINUOUS SOLVERS 35

4. DISCRETE SOLVERS 35

5.2.6 THE POWER SYSTEM BLOCK SET 35

5.2.7 SIMULINK BLOCKS USED IN THE SIMULATION 36

6. IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG SYSTEM USING MATLAB 43

6.1 IMPLEMENTATION OF MGT SYSTEM AND CONVERTER CONTROLLER 44

6.2 IMPLEMENTATION OF MTG USING CONVENTIONAL CONVERTERS 46

6.2.1 MTG SYSTEM MODELLING 46

A. MICROTURBINE 47

B. PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE 49

C. POWER CONDITIONING 50

1. MACHINE SIDE CONVERTER 51

2. LINE SIDE CONVERTER

51

3. GRID CONNECTED MODE 52

7. SIMULATION AND RESULTS 55

SIMULATION AND RESULTS 56

GRID CONNECTED MODE 58

CONCLUSION 63

APPENDIX 64

BIBLIOGRAPHY 65