85583609 Do Khoang Cach Dung Song Sieu Am

8/12/2019 85583609 Do Khoang Cach Dung Song Sieu Am

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n Mn Hc 2 GVHD: Th.SNguyn Duy Tho

2

SVTH: Nguyn ng Thc MSSV: 08101139

LI NI U

Ngy nay vi s pht trin khng ngng ca khoa hc k thut lm cho

cuc sng ca con ngi ngy cng c nng cao v mi mt trong cuc sng,

trong sinh hot cng nh trong sn xut. Vi vic ng dng khoa hc k thut vo

cuc sng lm cho cht lng cuc sng nng ln r rt, t bit l nng cao

nng sut lao ng trong cc nh my, x nghip. l vic ng dng cc mch

in t vo trong cc dy chuyn sn xut. Cc mch in t ny vi chnh xc

cao v d s dng dn dn thay th c vai tr ca ngi cng nhn trong cc

nh my, x nghip.


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LI CM N

hon thnh n ny em nhn c s hng dn v ch bo tn tnhca Gio vin hngdn. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy Nguyn Duy Tho tn

tnh hng dn v ch dy cho em trong sut qu trnh thc hin n ny.

Qua y em cng xin gi li cm n n cc Thy C trong khoa in - in

t cng nh trong trng cung cp cho em nhng kin thc nn tng cng nh

chuyn ngnh trong sut nhng hc k qua. Chnh nhng iu ny gip em hon

thnh n ny mt cch tt p.

Xin cm n qu thy c trong th vin trng to iu kin cho em c c

cc ti liu cn thit thc hin n ny.

Sau cng, em xin gi li cm n chn thnh n nhng ngi thn trong gia

nh, cc bn b trong v ngoi lp, nhng ngi lun gp , ng vin, khuyn

khch v gip cho n ny hon thnh.

Ngy 28 thng 11 nm 2011

Sinh vin thc hin

Nguyn ng Thc


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NHN XT CA GIO VIN HNG DN

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Tp H Ch Minh, ngy 28 thng 11 nm 2011

Gio vin hng dn

Nguyn Duy Tho


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MC LC

PHN 1: GII THIU TI

PHN 2: L THUYT TNG QUAN

2.1 S khi ca h thng.

2.2 Phn tch tng khi.

2.3 Gii thiu linh kin.

2.3 S nguyn l.

PHN 3: THIT K V THI CNG

3.1 Lu gii thut.

3.2 M ngun chng trnh(code).

3.3 M phng

3.4 S mch in

PHN 4: KT LUN

PHN 5: TI LIUTHAM KHO


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PHN 2: L THUYT TNG QUAN

2.1 S KHI H THNG

KHICMBIN

KHI NGUN

KHIXL

KHIHINTH


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2.2 PHN TCH TNG KHI

2.2.1 Khi ngunS dng ngun 5V cung cp in p cho cc linh kin trong mch hot ng.

2.2.2 Khi cm bin

y, ta s dng IC SRF05 pht xung ti v tr cn o, sau n t to ra mt

xung chn ECHO, rng xung ny t l vi khong cch cn o.

2.2.3 Khi x l

S dng vi iu khin AT89S52 kch xung iu khin SRF05 hot ng vo

rng xung chn ECHO ca SRF05.Sau khi o xong vi iu khin s tnh ton

v a gi tr n cho LCD hin th kt qu.

2.2.4 Khi hin th

S dng LCD 16x2 hin th khong cch o c.


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2.3GII THIU LINH KIN2.3.1 VI IU KHINAT89S52

AT89S52 thuc h 8051 c 40 chn cho cc chc nng khc nhau nh vora I/O, c RD, ghi WR, a ch, d liu v ngt.

A/ M T CC CHN

Chn VCC:

Chn s 40 l VCC cp in p ngun cho chip. Ngun in p l +5V.

Chn GND:

Chn s 20 l GND.


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Chn XTAL1 v XTAL2:

89S52 c mt b giao ng trn chip nhng n yu cu c mt xung ng hngoi chy n. B giao ng thch anh thng xuyn nht c ni ti cc chn

u vo XTAL1 (chn 19) v XTAL2 (chn 18). B giao ng thch anh c

ni ti XTAL1 v XTAL2 cng cn hai t in gi tr 33pF. Mt pha ca t in

c ni xung t.

Chn Reset:

Chn s 9 l chn ti lp reset. N l mt u vo tch cc mc cao(bnh thngmc thp).Nhm lm cho u vo RESET c hiu quth n phi c ti thiu 2 chu

k my, hay ni cch khc, xung cao phi ko di 2 chu k my trc khi n xung

thp.Trong 8051 mt chu k my bng 12 chu k dao ng.

Mch reset:

C110uF

R1

100

R2

8K2


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Chn EA:

Tn hiu vo EA chn 31 thng c mt ln mc 1 hoc mc 0.

Nu mc 1, 89S52thi hnh chng trnh t b nh ni.

Nu mc 0, 89S52s thi hnh chng trnh t b nh ngoi.

Chn PSEN (program store enable):tn hiuxut ra t vi iu khin iu

khn c b nh chng trnh. Nu s dng b nh chng trnh ngoi th PSEN

c ni vi OE ca ROM, nu khng s dng th b trng chn ny.

Chn ALE ( address latch enable):cho php cht a ch. Tn hiu ALE s c

ni vi chn LE ca IC cht.

Cc PORT:

Port 0 (chn 3239): l port c hai chc nng. Trong cc thit k c nh

khng dng b nh m rng, n c chc nng nh cc ng IO. i vi

cc thit k c ln c b nh m rng, n c kt hp gia bus a ch v

bus d liu.

Port 1 (chn 18): l port IO, cc chn P1.0, P1.1, P1.2, c th dng cho

giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi nu cn. Ngoi ra chn P1.0 cng l ng vo

ca timer 2, chn P1.1 l ng vo ngt ngoi timer 2 ca 8952.

Port 2 (chn 2128): l 1 port a nng c dng nhcc ng xut nhp

hoc l byte cao ca bus a ch i vi ccthit b dng b nh m rng.

Port 3 (chn 1017): l port a nng nu khng s dng th port 3 dng lmIO; nu c s dng th c cc chc nng c bit sau :

P3.0 - RxD: dng nhn d liu ni tip trong khi giao tip UART hay giaotip my tnh.

P3.1 - TxD: dng truyn d liu ni tip trong khi giao tip UART haygiao tip my tnh.

P3.2 - INT0: tn hiu ngt ngoi th 0. P3.3 - INT1: tn hiu ngt ngoi th 1.


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P3.4 - T0: ng vo nhn xung ngoi cho timer / counter 0. P3.5 - T1: ng vo nhn xung ngoi cho timer / counter 1. P3.6 - WR: iu khin ghi d liu. P3.7 - RD: iu khin c d liu.

B/ T CHC B NH

Vi iu khin89S52 c b nh ni bn trong v c kh nng giao tip vi b

nh bn ngoi nu b nh bn trong khng c kh nng lu tr chng trnh.

B nh bn trong gm c 2 loi b nh: b nh d liu v b nh chng

trnh. B nh d liu c 256 byte, b nh chng trnh c dung lng8 kbyte.

B nh m rng bn ngoi cng gm c 2 loi: b nh d liu v b nh

chng trnh. Kh nng giao tip l 64kbyte cho mi loi. Hnh sau minh ho kh

nng giao tip b nh ca vi iu khin89S52.

B nh m rng bn ngoi v b nh chng trnh bn trong v b nhchng trnh bn trong khng c g c bit ch c chc nng lu tr d liu vm chng trnh nn khng cn phi kho st.

B nh chng trnh bn trong ca vi iu khin thuc loi b nh FLASHROM cho php xobng xung in v lp trnh li.

B nh RAM ni bn trong l mt b nh c bit ngi s dng vi iukhin cn phi nm r cch t chc v cc chc nng c bit ca b nh ny.


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RAM bn trong 89S52 c phn chia nh sau:

Cc bank thanh ghi c a ch t 00H n 1FH. RAM a ch ha tng bit c a ch t 20H n 2FH. RAM a dng t 30H n 7FH. Cc thanh ghi chc nng c bit 80H n FFH.


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C/ CC THANH GHI C CHC NNG C BIT

Cc nh c a ch 80H, 90H, A0h, B0h:L cc Port ca 89S52bao gm

port0 c a ch l 80H, Port1 c a ch 90H, Port2 c a ch A0H v Port3 c a

ch B0H.Tt c cc Port ny c th truy xut tng bit nn rt thun tin trong iu

khin IO.

nh c a ch 81H:L thanh ghi con tr ngn xp SP (stack pointer) - c

chc nng qun l a ch ca b nh ngn xp. B nh ngn xp dng lu tr

d liu tm thi trong qu trnh vi iu khin thc hin chng trnh.

nh c a ch 82h v 83h: L 2 thanh ghi dpl (byte thp) c a ch l 82H

v dph (byte cao) c a ch 83H. Hai thanh ghi ny c th s dng c lp nu lu

tr d liu v c th kt hp li to thnh 1 thanh ghi 16 bit c tn l dptr v gi l

con tr d liu c dng lu a ch 16 bit khi truy xut d liu bn ngoi.

nh c a ch 87H: L thanh ghi pcon (power control) c chc nng iu

khin cng xt khi vi iu khin lm vic hay ch ch.

Cc nh c a ch t 88H n 8DH : L cc thanh ghi phc v cho 2

timer/ counter T1, T0. Thanh ghi TH0 v TL0 kt hp li to thnh 1 thanh ghi 16

bit c chc nng lu tr xung m cho timer/counter T0. Tng t cho 2 thanh ghiTH1 v TL1 kt hp li lu tr xung m cho timer/counter T1. Kh nng lu tr

s lng xung m l 65536 xung.

Cc nh c chc nng98H n 99H : L 2 thanh ghi scon v sbuf:scon

(series control): thanh ghi iu khin truyn d liu ni tip. Sbuf (series buffer ):

thanh ghi m d liu truyn ni tip.

Cc nh c a ch t A8H n B9H : L 2 thanh ghi IE v IPthanh ghi

IE (interrupt enable): thanh ghi iu khin cho php / khng cho php ngt. IP

(interrupt priority): thanh ghi iu khin u tin ngt.

Thanh ghi trng thi chng trnh (PSW: Program Status Word): Thanh ghi

trng thi chng trnh c a ch D0H c tm tt nh sau:


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Thanh ghi B : Thanh ghi B c a ch F0H c dng cng vi thanh ghi A

thc hin cc php ton nhn chia. Lnh MUL AB: s nhn gi tr khng du 8

bit vi 8 bit trong hai thanh ghi A v B, ri tr v kt qu 16 bit trong A (byte cao)

v B(byte thp). Lnh DIV AB: ly gitr trong thanh ghi A chia cho gi tr trong

thanh ghi B, kt qu nguyn lu trong A, s d lu trong B.

D/ B NH THI TIMER TRONG VI IU KHIN

Thanh ghi chn kiu lm vic cho Timer-Mode Register


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Thanh ghi iu khin- Control Register


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E/ HOT NG NGT CA VI IU KHIN

T chc ngt


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Cu trc ngt ca vi iu khin

Cc vector ngt


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2.3.1 CM BIN SIU M

A/ CC MODE HOT NG


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B/ TNH TON KHONG CCH


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2.3.2 LCD 16X2


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A/ CHC NNG CC CHN


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B/ CC LNH N THANH GHI CA LCD

C/ DNG SNG DIU KHIN LCD

2.4

S NGUYN L


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3.1 LU GII THUT

3.1.1 LU KHI TO LCD

3.1.2 LU MAIN PROGRAM


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3.2 M NGUN CHNG TRNH

3.2.1 CHNG TRNH CHNH

LCD_E BIT P3.0

LCD_RW BIT P3.1

LCD_RS BIT P3.2

LCD_DATA EQU P2

ECHO BIT P1.0

TRIGGER BIT P1.1

DEM EQU R0

CHUCDONVI EQU 10H

NGANTRAM EQU 11H

CHUCNGAN EQU 12H

DEMTV EQU R3

CHUKY EQU R4

BL EQU R6

BH EQU R7

ORG 000H

JMP MAIN

ORG 000BH

INC DEM


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MOV TH0,#HIGH(-232)

MOV TL0,#LOW(-232)

RETI

MAIN:

MOV TMOD,#01H

SETB EA

SETB ET0

CALL KTAO_LCD

CALL HT_HANG1

CALL HT_HANG2

LB0: MOV DEM,#0

SETB TRIGGER

CALL DELAY10US

CLR TRIGGER

JNB ECHO,$

MOV TH0,#HIGH(-232)

MOV TL0,#LOW(-232)

SETB TR0

JB ECHO,$

CLR TR0


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CALL CAL_PULSE

MOV B,23H

MOV A,24H

CALL HEXTOBCD

CALL BCDTOASCII

CALL HT_RESULT

JMP LB0

3.2.2 CC CHNG TRNH CON

A/ CHNG TRNH CON KHI TO LCD

KTAO_LCD:

MOV LCD_DATA,#38H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV LCD_DATA,#38H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV LCD_DATA,#38H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV LCD_DATA,#0CH

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN


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;KIEM TRA HANG DON VI

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ANL A,#0FH

CJNE A,#5,$+3

JC HEXTOBCD2

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ADD A,#3

MOV CHUCDONVI,A

;KIEM TRA HANG CHUC

HEXTOBCD2:

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ANL A,#0F0H

CJNE A,#50H,$+3

JC HEXTOBCD3

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ADD A,#30H

MOV CHUCDONVI,A

;KIEM TRA HANG TRAM

HEXTOBCD3:

MOV A,NGANTRAM


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ANL A,#0FH

CJNE A,#5,$+3

JC HEXTOBCD4

MOV A,NGANTRAM

ADD A,#3

MOV NGANTRAM,A

;KIEM TRA HANG NGAN

HEXTOBCD4:

MOV A,NGANTRAM

ANL A,#0F0H

CJNE A,#50H,$+3

JC HEXTOBCD5

MOV A,NGANTRAM

ADD A,#30H

MOV NGANTRAM,A

HEXTOBCD5:

DJNZ DEMTV,HEXTOBCD1

CALL XOAYDULIEU

RET


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XOAYDULIEU:

CLR C

MOV A,BL

RLC A

MOV BL,A

MOV A,BH

RLC A

MOV BH,A

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

RLC A

MOV CHUCDONVI,A

MOV A,NGANTRAM

RLC A

MOV NGANTRAM,A

RLC A

MOV CHUCNGAN,A

RET

C/ CHNG TRNH CON BCDTOASCII

BCDTOASCII:

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ANL A,#0FH


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ADD A,#30H

MOV 30H,A

MOV A,CHUCDONVI

ANL A,#0F0H

SWAP A

ADD A,#30H

MOV 31H,A

MOV A,NGANTRAM

ANL A,#0FH

ADD A,#30H

MOV 32H,A

MOV A,25H

ADD A,#30H

MOV 33H,A

MOV A,26H

ADD A,#30H

MOV 34H,A

RET


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D/ CHNG TRNH CON CAL_PULSE

CAL_PULSE:

MOV A,TL0

SUBB A,#23

MOV B,#58

DIV AB

MOV 20H,B ; SO DU CUA PHEP CHIA

MOV 21H,A

MOV A,DEM

MOV B,#4

MUL AB

MOV 22H,B ;BYTE CAO CUA KET QUA PHEP NHAN

ADD A,21H

MOV 23H,A ;BYTE THAP CUA KET QUA DO

MOV A,22H

ADDC A,#0

MOV 24H,A ;BYTE CAO CUA KET QUA DO

MOV A,20H

MOV B,#6

DIV AB


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MOV 25H,A

MOV A,B

MOV B,#10

MUL AB

MOV A,B

MOV B,#6

DIV AB

MOV 26H,A

RET

D/ CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH KT QU KCH THC O C

HT_RESULT:

MOV LCD_DATA,#89H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV LCD_DATA,32H

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,31H

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,30H

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,#','

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,33H


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CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,34H

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,#' '

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,#'C'

CALL GHI_DATA

MOV LCD_DATA,#'M'

CALL GHI_DATA

RET

E/ MT S CHNG TRNH CON KHC

// CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH HNG TH 1 TRN LCD

HT_HANG1:

MOV LCD_DATA,#80H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN

MOV DPTR,#DATAHANG1

CALL WRITE

RET

// CHNG TRNH CON HIN TH HNG TH 2 TRN LCD

HT_HANG2:

MOV LCD_DATA,#0C0H

CALL GHI_DIEUKHIEN


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MOV DPTR,#DATAHANG2

CALL WRITE

RET

// CHNG TRNH CON DNG GHI LNH IU KHIN CHO LCD

GHI_DIEUKHIEN:

CLR LCD_RS

CLR LCD_RW

SETB LCD_E

NOP

NOP

CLR LCD_E

CALL DELAY10MS

RET

// CHNG TRNH CON DNG GHI D LIU LN LCD

GHI_DATA:

SETB LCD_RS

CLR LCD_RW

SETB LCD_E

NOP

NOP

CLR LCD_E

CALL DELAY10MS


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RET

// CHNG TRNH CONWRITE

WRITE:

MOV A,#0

MOVC A,@A+DPTR

CJNE A,#99H,WRITE1

RET

WRITE1:

MOV LCD_DATA,A

CALL GHI_DATA

INC DPTR

JMP WRITE


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3.3 M PHNG


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3.4 MCH IN


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PHN 4: KT LUN

1. Thnh qu t c

- Mch chy n nh, hin thi khong cch ngi tr nh hn mm.

- Bit lp trnh c cc mch c bn ng dng trong thc t.

-Nm c nguyn tc hot ng ca mch.

2. Nhc im

- Cha xa s 0 v ngha nn nhn hi b ri mt

- Khng c nt nhn chuyn t n v ny sang n v khc ( t cm qua m hoc cm

qua inch).

3. Hng pht trin

Tm hiu thm phn lp trnh hon hin ha cc chc nng nh: xa skhng v ngha, thm chc nng chuyn qua li gia cc n v o v gim thiusai s o n gi tr nh nht.


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PHN 5: TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Gio trnh vi x l 1-Thy Nguyn nh Ph - Trng i hc S Phm KThutTPHCM.

2. Gio trnh thc tp vi x l-vi iu khin Thy Nguyn nh Ph.3. Mt s trang web tham kho:

http://www.dientuvietnam.net/forums/cam-bien-do-khoang-cach-103/lam-sao-rap-cam-bien-sieu-am-srf05-39140/

www.datasheet.com

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85583609 Do Khoang Cach Dung Song Sieu Am