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7/23/2019 8 - Acciones de La CAF Con Energias Renovables - CAF - Pablo Cisneros - Venezuela
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Energy Security
Perspectives for Latin America
Pablo Cisneros
Ejecutivo Principal
CAF
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Energy challenges for the region
CAFs action to promote Latin-American energy sectordevelopment
Overcoming challenges and exploiting opportunities
Contents
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Oil Reserves
Natural Gas Reserves
oal Reserves
Hydropower Potential
Hydropower potential693.506 MW
3.459.835GWh/ao
Abundance of energy resources
distributed unequally
ResourceProven
ReservesUnits
Production/Reserves
Ratio
Oil 335.708 MMb 106b 93
NaturalGas
7.980 Tm 109m3 28
Coal 13.871 MMt 106
T 129
Brazil
Peru
Ecuador
Colombia
Bolivia
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
Paraguay
Venezuela
Mexico
Costa Rica
Trinidad &
Tobago
Guatemala
Panama
Source OLADE-SIEE, 2013
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A high proportion (50%) of the electricity production
in Latin America is hydroelectric.
Hydroelectric power is dominant in most of the
countries and their development potential is still high.
It is estimated that only 23% of its potential has been
used.
Environmental restrictions may hinder its use. Theregion has one of the cleanest energy matrixes in the
world.
General vision
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Latin America Installed Capacity
Electricity Generating Installed Capacity:
316.745,43 MW
Source: OLADE SIEE 2013
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Electricity matrixes of
southern cone countries
Hydro
37,64%Turbo Gas11,61%
Turbo Vapor
15,06%
Diesel
2,69% Ciclo
Combinado
29,55%
Nuclear
3,40%
Solar
0,00%
Wind
0,05%
Argentina
Hydro
99,54%
Termo
0,46%
Paraguay
Wind
1,30%
Hydro
65,29%
Biomass7,65%
Nuclear
1,57%
Coal
1,52%Gas
10,50%
Fuel/Diesel
Oil
5,76%
Imports
6,41%
Brasil
Steam9,42%
Gas
19,65%
Motores
Diesel
3,22%
Biomass
9,26%
Hydro
56,85%
Wind
1,60%
Uruguay
Hydro
34,55%
Gas
31,40%
Coal
16,02%
Diesel/Fuel
Oil
15,59%
Others
2,44%
Chile
Source: CAMMESA Argentina, ANEEL Brasil, ANDE Paraguay, Ministerio de Energa Chile, DNE MIEM Uruguay
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Electricity matrixes of
andean countries
Hydro
66,46%
Gas
27,76%
Coal
5,17% Cogeneracin
0,42%
Wind
0,13%
Fuel Oil
0,06%
Colombia
Hydro
46,52%
Biomasa
(bagazo de
caa)
1,96%
Elica
0,05%
Solar
0,00%
ICE
21,47%
Turbogas
20,45%
Turbovapor
9,54%
Ecuador
Hydro
42,94%
Gas
57,05% Wind
0,01%
Per
Hydro
61,94%
Turbogas
15,60%
Turbovapor
15,05%
Combined
Cycle
4,83%ICE
2,58%
Venezuela
Hydro
38,03%
Termo61,97%
Bolivia
Source: CNG Venezuela, UPME Colombia, MEM Per, Conelec Ecuador y AE Bolivia
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Electricity matrixes of
Central America and Mxico
Wind0,74%Solar PV
0,00%
Hydro21,76%
Termo
28,64%
Combined
Cycle
34,11%
Dual
5,26% Coal
4,92%Nuclear
3,05%
Geothermal
1,54%
Mexico
Hydro75,3%
Thermal8,0%
Geothermal13,8%
Wind2,7%
Biomass0,2%
Costa Rica
Hydro
56,1%
Thermal
43,9%
Panam
Source: ANSP Panam, SENER Mxico, ICE Costa Rica.
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Biomass is highly relevant in Brazil, both in transport and electricity. Other countries
like Uruguay, Ecuador and Colombia have shown improvement.
Wind energy has recently had tremendous growth, led by Brazil, with the execution
of successful auctions. Mexico and Uruguay have announced major projects in this
area. Other countries may follow these examples.
Solar energy still has little use. Cost reduction can increase their application,especially in remote and isolated communities.
Geothermal energy has been used primarily in Central American countries, but
also have potential in Bolivia and Chile.
Electric service in Latin America provides coverage for 93% of the total population,levels of urban and rural reach 99% and 74%, respectively. While the overall situation
of the sector is not unfavorable relative to the world average, several countries and
parts of Latin America are still lagging.
General vision
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Energy challenges for the region
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Mult iple forecasts ind icate that the region faces agrow ing energy demand. Energy demand grew by
31.36% during 1990-2000, and 34.23% during the
decade 2000-2010.
Given this si tuat ion, theres a need for several
countr ies w ith in the region to increase their energy
supply, especial ly in electr ic i ty, natural gas and
petroleum p rodu cts.
Long term comprehensive planning is also needed.
Energy challenges
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The region wil l require signif icant
investment in energy infrastructu re over the
nex t 20 years. Values betweenUSD 1-2 tri l l ion
ci ted in the estimates. Various sources offunding w il l be needed.
Energy challenges
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CAFs action to promote Latin-
American energy sectordevelopment
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Main source of multilateral infrastructure
financing for Latin America
Approvals in infrastructure for Latin America
(USD millions)
18.856
24.648 25.474
BM BID CAF
2000-2010
World Bank IDB CAF
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... And also for energy
Approvals in energy for Latin America
(USD millions)
5.520
6.519
9.103
BM BID CAF
2000-2010
World Bank IDB CAF
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Membership Evolution
1990 2000 2011
Bolivia
Colombia
Ecuador
Per
Venezuela
Argentina
Bolivia
Brasil
Colombia
Ecuador
Panam
Paraguay
Per
Trinidad y Tobago Uruguay
Venezuela
Costa Rica
Chile
Jamaica
Mxico
Rep. Dominicana
Espaa
Portugal
5 countries 16 countries 18 countries
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Distribution of CAF's support forEnergy
Biofuels
1%
Electricity
Generation
52%
Hydrocarbons
11%
Corporate Loans
11%
Electricity
Transmission
25%
Di ib i f CAF' f
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Distribution of CAF's support for
Electricity Generation
Hydraulic Power
Generation
56%
Wind and
Biomass Power
Generation
5%
Nuclear Power
Generation
4%
Combined Cycle
19%
Natural Gas
4%
Oil and Coal
12%
Non Renewable 35%
Renewable and
Nuclear 65%
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Evolution of CAFs Portfolio (MM USD)
Support for energy projects
4.841 MM
USD
10.729 MM
USD
7,04%7,19%
7,92% 16,01%18,90%
23,98%
30,13%31,09%
0
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
10.000
12.000
14.000
16.000
18.000
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
Others Energy
CAF l i th l t 10 f
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CAF approvals in the last 10 years forthe energy sector
Jan-12 # of Projects US$ MM
Venezuela 22 3.828
Argentina 14 2.275
Brasil 18 1.681
Colombia 21 1.039
Per 17 675
Ecuador 14 671
Bolivia 16 660
Uruguay 7 508
Costa Rica 4 200
Paraguay 1 75
Mxico 1 50
Total 135 11.662
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Project Examples
(MM USD)
Corporate
Loans
Sovereign
Loans
Project
Finance
Catalytic
Loans
Argentina 240
Repotenciacin de Central Nuclear Embalse 240
NASA 240
Bolivia 32
Lnea de Transmisin CaranaviTrinidad 32
ENDE 32
Brasil 294 215
Gasoducto Bolivia-Brasil 215
TRANSPORTADORA BRASILEIRA GASODUTO BOLIVIA-BRASIL S.A. 215Obras Parque de Generacin Hidroelctrica 294
Centrais Eletricas Brasileiras S.A. Eletrobras 294
Mxico 50
Proyecto Elico EURUS 50
Eurus S.A.P.I. de C.V. 50
Multinacional 27
SIEPAC 27
Empresa Propietaria de la Red 27Per 95
Construccin gasoducto Camisea 95
Transportadora de Gas del Per 95
Venezuela 1.880
Central Hidroelctrica Manuel Piar (TOCOMA). 1.500
CORPOELEC 1.500
Proy. Rehabilitacin Central Hidroelctrica Simn Bolvar (GURI) 380
CORPOELEC 380
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IN
N
O
V
A
T
I
O
N
Consolidate impulse given to thedevelopment of energyinfrastructure
Infrastructure
Contribute to institutional and publicpolicy developmentEnergy Policies
Promote integration projects
Integration
Support the development ofrenewable energy and energyefficiency
Energy and ClimateChange
Give impulse to national and regional
networksNetwork articulation
Execution of high quality studies onenergy issues
KnowledgeGeneration
CAFsareas of action on Energy
E l f ti iti
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Structuring the national energy plan 2011-2020 - Bolivia. They drive newchanges to the oil and electricity sector laws in Bolivia (currently underreview).
Examples of activities:
Support for Energy Policies
E l f ti iti
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New Interconnection projects have been identified between countries
within the region
Example of activities:
Support for Energy Integration
Hydro Power
Plant Inambari
Peru-Brasil
Hydro Power
Plant Cachuela
Esperanza
Bolivia-Brasil
Swap
Paraguay -
Argentina -
Chile
BoliviaChile
Interconnection
Colombia
Panam
Interconnection
BrasilUruguay
InterconnectionSIEPAC II
Capacity
(MW) 2.200 800 - 180 300 500 300
Length(Kms.)3.470 2.850 - 150
614420 1.800
Investment
Cost (MM
US$) 2.370 792Exist.
30 207 330 500
Annualbenefits (MM
US$) 342 102 200 66 21 88 41
Benefit / Cost
Index 1,60 1,40 2,90 24,30 1,10 3,00 0,95
E l f ti iti
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URUPABOL Project (Uruguay, Paraguay and Bolivia)
- Pre feasibility study completed for small scale LNGinfrastructure.
- Feasibility study under way.
Example of activities:
Support for Energy Integration
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Example of activities:
Renewable energies and climate change
Identification of Hydro power potential in Brazil and Peru:
Opening possibilities for the development of public and private projects inhydropower, small, medium and large scale
E l f ti iti
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Example of activities:Regional network articulation
Shared Energy Agenda to:
- Identify priority issues within Latin Americas energy
sector
- Generate and augment synergies and shared actionsin common interests with other regional energy
organizations and institutions
- Elaborate a Shared work Agenda between regional
energy organizations and institutions
Technolog Inno ation Initiati e
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Technology Innovation Initiative
on renewable energy
CAF in technological innovation
CAF identified the need for promoting the generation of innovativepatentable technologies to use renewable energetic resources thatcurrently are being underutilized.
Latin America and the Caribbean have the potential to generate stateof the art patentable technologies that could contribute to sustainabledevelopment. To unleash this potential, CAF launched the RegionalRenewable Energy Technology Innovation Initiative.
The initiative has the support of FINEP of Brazil and other institutionsof countries in the region.
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Examples of CAFs publications
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Overcoming challenges
The region has responded relatively well thus far, tothe challenge of meeting energy needs and harness its
potential. However, it is necessary to intensify
investment, especially in electricity, natural gas and oil
refining.
Energy demand and requirements to reduce the
impacts of resource exploitation have grown. The
search for new sources and increased energy efficiency
are key factors in the energy sector.
Cooperation between different actors and institutions
is central to meeting the challenges of the new times.