7 18TH CENTURY FRANCE

• NEOCLASSICM– Classical language only– Neoclassicism was a reaction to flippant decadence

FOUR PHASES OF FRENCH NEO-CLASSICAL STYLE

• Structural Neo-classicism (1730 – 1750)

• Archaeological neo-classicism (1750 – 1760)

• Radical neo-classicism (1760 – 1770)

• Visionary neo-classicism (1770 – 1800)

STRUCTURAL NEOCLASSICISM

• Claude Perrault– Chief author of east façade of Louvre– Greco-gothic structural idealism

• Abbe Marc-Antoine Laugier – Theorist– Primitive Hut, ideal structure

BERNINI’S DESIGN FOR THE LOUVRE

BERNINI’S LOUVRE

FLOOR PLAN

PRIMITIVE HUT

ARCHAEOLOGICAL NEOCLASSICISM

• GOAL: Integration of antique models and French Classicism

• St. Genevieve (The Pantheon)– Jacques Germain Soufflot– Unites structural lightness of gothic with purity of

Greek– Greek cross plan with five domes– Interior, classical magnificence with slender arches– Exterior, massive geometric blocks

ARCHAEOLOGICAL NEOCLASSICISM

• Petite Trianon– Ange-Jacques Gabriel– Versailles– Cubic geometry, no

sculpture– Restrained

architectural language– Purification of

architecture

• Place de la Concorde– Gabriel– Multi-media spaces– Fusion of arts– Louvre-like Versailles

in city streets

St. Genevieve - The Pantheon

Structural Detail of Iron Bar Location

PETITE TRIANON

HAMLETforMARIE ANTOINETTE

PLACE DE LA CONCORDE

PLACE DE LA CONCORDE

RADICAL NEOCLASSICISM

• Fusion of antique and 17th Century• Purism – forms larger scaled than antiquity• Chief Architects

– Marie-Joseph Peyre– Charles De Wailly– Jacques Gondoin

• THEATRE FRANCAIS– Piranesi influence seen in foyer (gloomy)– Rusticated masonry – no frames on windows

THEATRE FRANCAIS

THEATRE FRANCAIS - SECTION VIEW

ECOLE DE CHIURERIE

• School of Surgery, Paris, 1769 – 75• Jacques Gondoin• Anatomy Theater

– Principle interior space– Ancient theater with Panteon dome– Temple enshrines medical science

ANATOMY THEATRE

ECOLE DE CHIRURERIE PLAN