6BI01 6BI02 6BI07 6BI04 6BI05 6BI08 Summer 2010 Markscheme-1

8/6/2019 6BI01 6BI02 6BI07 6BI04 6BI05 6BI08 Summer 2010 Markscheme-1

1/108

Ma rk Schem e ( R es u lts )

Su m m er 2010

GCE

G CE Biolog y ( 6BI01/ 01)

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales No. 4496750Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London WC1V 7BH

Click here for 6BI01 MS







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E d ex cel is on e of the lea d in g ex a m in in g a n d a w a rd in g b od ies in the U K a n d throu g hou t the

w orld . W e p rov id e a w id e ra n g e of q u a lifica tion s in clu d in g a ca d em ic, v oca tion a l,

occu p a tion a l a n d s p ecific p rog ra m m es for em p loy ers .

T hrou g h a n etw ork of U K a n d ov ers ea s offices , E d ex cel s cen tres receiv e the s u p p ort they

n eed to help them d eliv er their ed u ca tion a n d tra in in g p rog ra m m es to lea rn ers .

F or fu rther in form a tion , p lea s e ca ll ou r G CE lin e on 0844 576 0025, ou r G CSE tea m on 0844

576 0027, or v is it ou r w eb s ite a t w w w . ed ex cel. com .

If y ou ha v e a n y s u b j ect s p ecific q u es tion s a b ou t the con ten t of this Ma rk Schem e tha treq u ire the help of a s u b j ect s p ecia lis t, y ou m a y fin d ou r A s k T he E x p ert em a il s erv ice

help fu l.

A s k T he E x p ert ca n b e a cces s ed on lin e a t the follow in g lin k:

http : / / w w w . e d ex cel. com / A b ou tu s / con ta ct- u s /

A ltern a tiv ely , y ou ca n s p ea k d irectly to a s u b j ect s p ecia lis t a t E d ex cel on ou r d ed ica ted

Scien cetelep hon e lin e: 0844 576 003 7

Su m m er 2010

P u b lica tion s Cod e U S023 567

A ll the m a teria l in this p u b lica tion is cop y rig ht

E d ex cel L td 2010


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General Marking Guidance

A ll ca n d id a tes m u s t receiv e the s a m e trea tm en t. E x a m in ers m u s t m a rkthe firs t ca n d id a te in ex a ctly the s a m e w a y a s they m a rk the la s t.

Ma rk s chem es s hou ld b e a p p lied p os itiv ely . Ca n d id a tes m u s t b erew a rd ed for w ha t they ha v e s how n they ca n d o ra ther tha n p en a lis ed

for om is s ion s .

E x a m in ers s hou ld m a rk a ccord in g to the m a rk s chem e n ot a ccord in g totheir p ercep tion of w here the g ra d e b ou n d a ries m a y lie.

T here is n o ceilin g on a chiev em en t. A ll m a rks on the m a rk s chem es hou ld b e u s ed a p p rop ria tely .

A ll the m a rks on the m a rk s chem e a re d es ig n ed to b e a w a rd ed .E x a m in ers s hou ld a lw a y s a w a rd fu ll m a rks if d es erv ed , i. e. if thea n s w er m a tches the m a rk s chem e. E x a m in ers s hou ld a ls o b e p rep a red

to a w a rd z ero m a rks if the ca n d id a te s res p on s e is n ot w orthy of cred it

a ccord in g to the m a rk s chem e.

W here s om e j u d g em en t is req u ired , m a rk s chem es w ill p rov id e thep rin cip les b y w hich m a rks w ill b e a w a rd ed a n d ex em p lifica tion m a y b e

lim ited .

W hen ex a m in ers a re in d ou b t reg a rd in g the a p p lica tion of the m a rks chem e to a ca n d id a te s res p on s e, the tea m lea d er m u s t b e con s u lted .

Cros s ed ou t w ork s hou ld b e m a rked U N L E SS the ca n d id a te ha s rep la cedit w ith a n a ltern a tiv e res p on s e.

Quality of Written Communication

Q u es tion s w hich in v olv e the w ritin g of con tin u ou s p ros e w ill ex p ect ca n d id a tes to:

w rite leg ib ly , w ith a ccu ra te u s e of s p ellin g , g ra m m a r a n d p u n ctu a tion in ord er

to m a ke the m ea n in g clea r

s elect a n d u s e a form a n d s ty le of w ritin g a p p rop ria te to p u rp os e a n d to

com p lex s u b j ect m a tter

org a n is e in form a tion clea rly a n d coheren tly , u s in g s p ecia lis t v oca b u la ry w hen

a p p rop ria te.

F u ll m a rks w ill b e a w a rd ed if the ca n d id a te ha s d em on s tra ted the a b ov e

a b ilities .

Q u es tion s w here Q W C is likely to b e p a rticu la rly im p orta n t a re in d ica ted ( Q W C)

in the m a rk s chem e, b u t this d oes n ot p reclu d e others .


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GENERAL INFORMATION

T he follow in g s y m b ols a re u s ed in the m a rk s chem es for a ll q u es tion s :

Sy m b ol Mea n in g of s y m b ol

; s em i colon In d ica tes the en d of a m a rkin g p oin t

eq

In d ica tes tha t cred it s hou ld b e g iv en for other correct

a ltern a tiv es to a w ord or s ta tem en t, a s d is cu s s ed in the

Sta n d a rd is a tion m eetin g

/ ob liq u eW ord s or p hra s es s ep a ra ted b y a n ob liq u e a re a ltern a tiv es

to ea ch other

{ } cu rly b ra ckets

In d ica te the b eg in n in g a n d en d of a lis t of a ltern a tiv es

( s ep a ra ted b y ob liq u es ) w here n eces s a ry to a v oid

con fu s ion

( ) rou n d b ra cketsW ord s in s id e rou n d b ra ckets a re to a id u n d ers ta n d in g of

the m a rkin g p oin t b u t a re n ot req u ired to a w a rd the p oin t

[ ] s q u a re b ra cketsW ord s in s id e s q u a re b ra ckets a re in s tru ction s or g u id a n ce

for ex a m in ers

[ CE ] or [ T E ] Con s ecu tiv e error / tra n s ferred error

Crossed out work

If a ca n d id a te ha s cros s ed ou t a n a n s w er a n d w ritten n ew tex t, the cros s ed ou t w ork ca n b e ig n ored . If

the ca n d id a te ha s cros s ed ou t w ork b u t w ritten n o n ew tex t, the cros s ed ou t w ork for tha t q u es tion or

p a rt q u es tion s hou ld b e m a rked , a s fa r a s it is p os s ib le to d o s o.

Spelling and clarity

In g en era l, a n error m a d e in a n ea rly p a rt of a q u es tion is p en a lis ed w hen it occu rs b u t n ot

s u b s eq u en tly . T he ca n d id a te is p en a lis ed on ce on ly a n d ca n g a in cred it in la ter p a rts of the

q u es tion b y correct rea s on in g from the ea rlier in correct a n s w er.

N o m a rks a re a w a rd ed s p ecifica lly for q u a lity of la n g u a g e in the w ritten p a p ers , ex cep t for the

es s a y s in the s y n op tic p a p er. U s e of E n g lis h is how ev er ta ken in to a ccou n t a s follow s :

the s p ellin g of techn ica l term s m u s t b e s u fficien tly correct for the a n s w er to b e u n a m b ig u ou se. g . for a m y la s e, a m m a la s e is a ccep ta b le w herea s a m y los e is n ot

e. g . for g ly cog en , g licoj en is a ccep ta b le w herea s g lu ca g en is n ot

e. g . for ileu m , illeu m is a ccep ta b le w herea s iliu m is n ot

e. g . for m itos is , m y tos is is a ccep ta b le w herea s m eitos is is n ot

ca n d id a tes m u s t m a ke their m ea n in g clea r to the ex a m in er to g a in the m a rk. a correct s ta tem en t tha t is con tra d icted b y a n in correct s ta tem en t in the s a m e p a rt of a n a n s w er

g a in s n o m a rk irrelev a n t m a teria l s hou ld b e ig n ored


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(a) A ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(b) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(c) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(d) D ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(e) D ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(f) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(g) A ;(1)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(a) 1. a tria / a triu m ;2. a orta ;

left ;4. a rtery ;5. v en a ca v a ; (5)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2 (b)1. d ia s tole / a tria l s y s tole ;2. the { a triov en tricu la r / b icu s p id / tricu s p id }

v a lv es a re op en / s em i- l u n a r v a lv es a re

clos ed ; (2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(b)Active transport:

1. id ea tha t m olecu le { b in d s / fits in to} { p rotein/ ca rriers } ;

2. id ea tha t { p rotein / ca rrier} cha n g es s ha p e ; ( m olecu les m ov e) a g a in s t a con cen tra tion

g ra d ien t / eq ;

4. referen ce to u s e of { A T P / en erg y } [ Su b m a x 2 m a rks ]

Facilitated diffusion:

5. referen ce to p rotein s a s { cha n n els / g a tes /p ores / ca rriers } ;

6. id ea tha t { cha n n els ca n op en or clos e /ca rriers cha n g e s ha p e} ;

7. for { la rg e / p ola r/ cha rg ed } m olecu les ( top a s s throu g h m em b ra n e) ;

8. ( m olecu les m ov e) d ow n a con cen tra tiong ra d ien t / eq ;

[ Su b m a x 2 m a rks ]

max(3)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(c)(i)1. id ea tha t b oth ty p es of p rotein in fu s ed cell

in correct con tex t ;

2. id ea tha t the p rotein s a re { in term in g led / m ix ed / eq } ;

s a m e orig in a l n u m b er of p rotein / eq ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(c)(ii)1. id ea tha t { p hos p holip id s / m olecu le A } a llow

{ flu id ity / m ov em en t/ eq } ;

2. id ea tha t { flu id ity / m ov em en t / eq } a llowm em b ra n es to fu s e

id ea tha t { flu id ity / m ov em en t / eq } a llow sp rotein to { m ov e / in term in g le / eq }

max(2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(a)(i)1. id ea tha t freq u en t coca in e u s e res u lts in

{ hig her / a n in crea s e in / eq } lev els in b oth

b lood com p on en ts ( com p a red to occa s ion a l

u s e) ;

2. correct m a n ip u la tion of fig u res toa p p rox im a te the in crea s e in lev els of on e of

the b lood com p on en ts ;

freq u en t u s e in crea s es fib rin og en b ey on dn orm a l ra n g e / eq ;

4. id ea tha t the lev els of b oththe b loodcom p on en ts a re w ithin the ra n g e for n orm a l

lev els in occa s ion a l u s ers ;

max

(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(a)(ii) Any one of the following ideas

1. the lev els a re g iv en a s a { ra n g e / n ot on elev el / b lood com p on en ts w ithin n orm a l lev el

ra n g e}

2. n o in d ica tion of d a ta a n a ly s is e. g . s p rea d of d a ta , s ta tis tics

n o in d ica tion of n u m b er in { s a m p les / s tu d y /eq

4. n o in d ica tion of other v a ria b les / n a m edv a ria b le / eq ;

max(1)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(b) ( Q W C Sp ellin g of techn ica l term s (shown in italics)m u s t b e correct a n d the a n s w er m u s t b e org a n is ed in

a log ica l s eq u en ce)

1. id ea tha t von Willebrand fa ctor res u lts inplatelets s tickin g to { the en d otheliu m / ea chother} ;

2. referen ce to relea s e ofthromboplastin ( fromplatelets )

( a s a res u lt) the b lood clottin g p roces s istrig g ered / eq ;

4. cred it on e correct d eta il of clottin g p roces s ;5. referen ce to m ore fibrinogen res u ltin g in the

clot { b ein g la rg er / g row in g fa s ter } ;

6. referen ce to von Willebrand fa ctor m a kin gthe platelets s tickier ;

7. a s a res u lt of { platelet s tickin es s / p la teletss tickin g tog ether} the { clot g row s fa s ter /

b lood flow is d ecrea s ed / eq } ;

8. If the b lood is flow in g s low er then there is a nin crea s ed cha n ce of b lood clottin g / eq ;

max

(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(c)1. id ea tha t a correla tion is { a rela tion s hip

b etw een tw o fa ctors / w hen on e fa ctor

cha n g es a n other fa ctor cha n g es } ;

2. fib rin og en in crea s es w ith ( coca in e) u s e / eq ; hea rt a tta cks in crea s e w ith coca in e u s e / eq ;

4. id ea tha t in crea s ed fib rin og en lev els ha v e n otb een s how n to res u lt in the in crea s e in hea rt

d is ea s e ;

max(2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(b)(i)1. id ea tha t m u cu s { tra p s / eq } { b a cteria /

p a thog en s } ;

2. id ea tha t { b a cteria / m u cu s con ta in in g theb a cteria } ca n n ot b e rem ov ed ( b y cilia ) ;

id ea tha t m u cu s p rov id es con d ition s forb a cteria to { liv e / g row / d ev elop / eq }

4. referen ce to a n tib od ies n ot b ein g effectiv e ;5. referen ce to tra u m a ca u s ed b y cou g hin g ;6. id ea tha t res id en t { p ha g ocy tes /m a crop ha g es } ca n n ot d es troy b a cteria ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(b)(ii)1. { in crea s e / eq } w ith a g e ;2. ( in crea s es ) { from 0 to 25 / u p to 25} ;

{ con s ta n t / eq } 25 to 3 5 ;4. { d ecrea s es / eq } 3 5 to 45 ;5. cred it correct m a n ip u la tion of fig u res ; max(3)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(b)(iii)1. O v era ll in crea s e in P a n d d ecrea s e in S ;2. A t 0 m ore S tha n P / b etw een 0 a n d 7 y ea rs S

is g rea ter tha n P ;

A fter 7 y ea rs P is g rea ter tha n S ;4. S s ta rts to d ecrea s e a t y ea r 15 b u t P

{ d ecrea s es a t 3 5 y ea rs / con tin u es to

in crea s e} ;

5. Ma x im u m P is g rea ter tha n m a x im u m S ;6. S { s ta y s con s ta n t / is a t its hig hes t} b etw een10 a n d 15 y ea rs b u t P { s ta y s con s ta n t / is a t

its hig hes t} b etw een 25 a n d 3 5 y ea rs ;

max(2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(a)1. referen ce to { en z y m es / b iolog ica l ca ta ly s ts }

red u cin g a ctiv a tion en erg y / eq ;

Biological catalyst

2. p rod u ced b y { org a n is m s / cells } ;

3 . s p eed s u p ( ra te of) { rea ction s / p roces s es } /

eq

Activation energy

4. en erg y n eed ed for a rea ction to occu r / eq ;5. By ca u s in g b on d s to { b rea k / w ea ken / form }

/ b y in crea s in g the n u m b er of collis ion s / eq ;

max(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(b)1. id ea tha t there s hou ld b e en ou g h s u b s tra te

m olecu les to s a tu ra te the en z y m e ;

2. ( to en s u re tha t) s u b s tra te is n ot a lim itin gfa ctor/ eq ;

{ fa s tes t / hig hes t} ra te / d ecrea s es a fterin itia l ra te / eq ;

4. a s rea ction p roceed s s u b s tra te con cen tra tiond ecrea s es / eq ;

5. a s s u b s tra te g ets u s e d u p { b y en z y m e / inrea ction / eq } ;

6. s u b s tra te con cen tra tion s hou ld b e con s ta n t( in ea ch tes t) / eq ;

max(2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(c) Any two pairs

H

b u ffer ;

tem p era tu re ;

w a ter b a th ; n ot room tem p era tu re

tim e of rea ction ;

s top w a tch ;

v olu m e of { en z y m e / s u b s tra te} ; n ot a m ou n t

m ea s u rin g cy lin d er / p ip ette ;

ty p e of en z y m e ;

s a m e b a tch of en z y m e ; (4)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(a)(i) two from :

g en etic, d iet q u a lified , in crea s in g a g e, m a le,

hig h b lood p res s u re, s m okin g , { in a ctiv ity / la ck of

ex ercis e / eq } ; (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(a)(ii)1. id ea tha t it m a kes the { res u lts / d a ta / s tu d y }

{ rep res en ta tiv e / relia b le} ;

2. id ea tha t there a re { m a n y p oten tia l ris kfa ctors / la rg e v a ria tion b etw een in d iv id u a ls } ;

id ea tha t s id e effects m ore likely to s how u p ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(b) s a m e trea tm en t m ethod a s for d ru g Se. g . s olv en t u s ed for d ru g S / s a lin e / w a ter / s u g a r

ta b let / em p ty ca p s u le / eq ; (1)

Q u es tionN u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(c) id ea tha t { CV D is n ot a n im m ed ia te d is ea s e/ s i d eeffects m a y ta ke tim e to b ecom e a p p a ren t / n eed to

s ee if d ru g w orks ov er a lon g tim e} ; (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(d)1. the n u m b er of { d ea ths / a ll ev en ts / eq } is

{ s im ila r to / n o hig her tha n / les s tha n }p la ceb o g rou p ;

2. Cred it correct m a n ip u la tion of fig u res ; (2)


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1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(e)(i)1. correct v a lu es s elected ( 8. 7 a n d 11. 8) ;2. correct s u b tra ction ( 11. 8 8. 7 = 3 . 1) ;

correct m u ltip lica tion b y 10 000 100 ;[ Con s eq u en tia l errors a p p ly ]

(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(e)(ii)it ha s b een s how n to red u ce { CV D / s troke} / eq (1)


19/108

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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(a)1. tu m ou r ha s { d ecrea s ed in s iz e / g row n les s /

eq } ;

2. d ecrea s e in s iz e q u a n tified ; ra ts s u rv iv e lon g er / eq ;

4. id ea tha t { m ore ra ts s u rv iv e / hig her s u rv iv a lra te / low er d ea th ra te} ;

5. 80% ; max(3)


A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(i)1. referen ce to ( v iru s a ctin g a s a ) v ector ;2. id ea tha t v iru s is u s ed to g et the { g en e / D N A }

in to the cells ; (2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(ii) referen ce to { n eu ron es in s p in a l cord / en d orp hin sb ein g m a d e in s p in a l cord / s p in a l cord con n ects to

b ra in / eq } (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(iii)id ea tha t en d orp hin s ha v e p a in - red u cin g p rop erties /

m ore { en d orp hin s / en d orp hin s s ecretin g cells }

p rod u ced ; (1)


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F u rther cop ies of this p u b lica tion a re a v a ila b le from

E d ex cel P u b lica tion s , A d a m s w a y , Ma n s field , N otts , N G 18 4F N

T elep hon e 01623 467467

F a x 01623 450481

E m a il p u b lica tion s @ lin n ey d irect. com

O rd er Cod e U S023 567 Su m m er 2010

F or m ore in form a tion on E d ex cel q u a lifica tion s , p lea s e v is it w w w . ed ex cel. com / q u a ls

E d ex cel L im ited . R eg is tered in E n g la n d a n d W a les n o. 449 6750

R eg is tered O ffice: O n e9 0 H ig h H olb orn , L on d on , W C1V 7BH


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Mark Scheme (Results)

June 2010

GCE

GCE Biology (6BI02/01)



23/108

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Summer 2010

Publications Code US023556

All the material in this publication is copyright Edexcel Ltd 2010


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All candidates must receive the same treatment. Examiners must markthe first candidate in exactly the same way as they mark the last.

Mark schemes should be applied positively. Candidates must berewarded for what they have shown they can do rather than penalisedfor omissions.

Examiners should mark according to the mark scheme not according totheir perception of where the grade boundaries may lie.

There is no ceiling on achievement. All marks on the mark schemeshould be used appropriately.

All the marks on the mark scheme are designed to be awarded.Examiners should always award full marks if deserved, i.e. if theanswer matches the mark scheme. Examiners should also be preparedto award zero marks if the candidates response is not worthy of creditaccording to the mark scheme.

Where some judgement is required, mark schemes will provide theprinciples by which marks will be awarded and exemplification may belimited.

When examiners are in doubt regarding the application of the markscheme to a candidates response, the team leader must be consulted.

Crossed out work should be marked UNLESS the candidate has replacedit with an alternative response.


Questions which involve the writing of continuous prose will expect candidates to:

write legibly, with accurate use of spelling, grammar and punctuation in orderto make the meaning clear

select and use a form and style of writing appropriate to purpose and tocomplex subject matter

organise information clearly and coherently, using specialist vocabulary whenappropriate.

Full marks will be awarded if the candidate has demonstrated the aboveabilities.Questions where QWC is likely to be particularly important are indicated (QWC)in the mark scheme, but this does not preclude others.


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GENERAL INFORMATION

The following symbols are used in the mark schemes for all questions:

Symbol Meaning of symbol

; semi colon Indicates the end of a marking point

eqIndicates that credit should be given for other correctalternatives to a word or statement, as discussed in theStandardisation meeting

/ obliqueWords or phrases separated by an oblique are alternativesto each other

{} curly bracketsIndicate the beginning and end of a list of alternatives(separated by obliques) where necessary to avoidconfusion

() round bracketsWords inside round brackets are to aid understanding ofthe marking point but are not required to award the point

[] square bracketsWords inside square brackets are instructions or guidancefor examiners

[CE] or [TE] Consecutive error / transferred error

Crossed out work

If a candidate has crossed out an answer and written new text, the crossed out work can be ignored. Ifthe candidate has crossed out work but written no new text, the crossed out work for that question orpart question should be marked, as far as it is possible to do so.


In general, an error made in an early part of a question is penalised when it occurs but not

subsequently. The candidate is penalised once only and can gain credit in later parts of the

question by correct reasoning from the earlier incorrect answer.

No marks are awarded specifically for quality of language in the written papers, except for the

essays in the synoptic paper. Use of English is however taken into account as follows:

the spelling of technical terms must be sufficiently correct for the answer to be unambiguouse.g. for amylase, ammalase is acceptable whereas amylose is note.g. for glycogen, glicojen is acceptable whereas glucagen is note.g. for ileum, illeum is acceptable whereas ilium is not

e.g. for mitosis, mytosis is acceptable whereas meitosis is not

candidates must make their meaning clear to the examiner to gain the mark. a correct statement that is contradicted by an incorrect statement in the same part of an answer

gains no mark irrelevant material should be ignored


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

1 (a) (i)1. alleles ;2. loci / locations / positions / eq ; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

1 (a) (ii)1. 174 (cm) ;2. 172 (cm) ; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

1 (b) (i)1. {genotype / eq} ;2. {environment / eq} ; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

1 (b) (ii)C ;

A ;

B ; (3)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

*2(a) QWC (QWC Spelling of technical terms (shown in italics)must be correct and the answer must be organised ina logical sequence)

1. undifferentiated cell / eq ;2. that can give rise to other {types of cell / eq };3. idea that no limit to division ;4. correct reference to {totipotent / pluripotent

/eq} ;

max(2)

Question

Number

Answer Mark

2(b)1. cord blood /umbilical cord / placenta ;2. {fertilised egg / zygote / eq} / blastocyst / (early)

embryo ;

3. detail of site within blastocyst4. bone marrow / eq ;5. {brain / connective / skin / liver} cells / eq ;6. addition of adult nucleus to enucleated egg cell ; max(3)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

2(c)(i)1. decide on max age of embryo allowed for

research / eq ;

2. idea of setting or considering {ethical / legal}aspects / judging what is acceptable / follow acode of practice ;

3. example of what {is / is not} acceptable ;4. checking that source of stem cells is acceptable /

eq ;

5. stopping of cloning (of humans) / eq ;6. appropriate reference to unnecessary repeating of

research / eq ;

max(2)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

2 (c)(ii) people involved in embryo research:

1. idea of being able to (fully) understand thescience / recognise what is possible {benefits/ risks / eq} / judge in an informed manner ;

people not involved in embryo research:

2. idea of giving a {balanced /alternative /wider / named} view ; (2)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

3 (a)(i) C ;(1)

QuestionNumber Answer Mark

3 (a)(ii) B ;(1)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

3 (a)(iii) far right-hand box ;(1)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

3 (a)(iv) Bacteria / Eubacteria / Archaebacteria / Archaea ;(1)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

*3(b)(i) QWC (QWC Spelling of technical terms must be correctand the answer must be organised in a logicalsequence)

1. cellulose ;2. as microfibrils ;3. (cellulose molecules) held together by hydrogen

bonds / eq

4. detail of microfibril (e.g. {bundle /correctstated number of}) cellulose molecules) ;;

5. correct reference to arrangement ofmicrofibrils (in primary cell wall) ;

6. reference to {matrix / hemicelluloses /pectins / eq} ;

7. reference to primary and secondary cell walls;

8. detail of different laying down arrangement(in secondary cell wall) /reference to lignin ;

max(4)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

3 (b)(ii)

Feature described Name of feature

site where there was no cellwall and the cytoplasmlinked the two adjacentcells

plasmodesmata /plasmodesma ;

dark line that is theboundary between one celland the next cell

middle lamella ;

(2)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

4 (a)

(1)

Question

Number

Answer Mark

4 (b)(ii)1. (they carry out) (aerobic) respiration ;2. provide {ATP / energy / eq} ;3. to {move / drive the / eq} {flagellum / tail} ;4. allows sperm to swim / eq ;5. towards the {egg / eq} / {towards /along} the

oviduct / eq ;

max

(3)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

4 (c)(i)0.065 (%) ;; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

4 (c)(ii) 16 ;

(1)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

4 (b) (i) P = crista ;Q = matrix ;R = outer (mitochondrial) membrane / envelope /

double membrane ;(3)

a

b

D

e

A

B

d

E


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

5 (a)(i) {/ alpha} glucose ;(1)

QuestionNumber Answer Mark

*5(a)(ii)QWC (QWC Spelling of technical terms must be correctand the answer must be organised in a logicalsequence)

1. made up of {many / eq} glucose (monomers) ;2. reference to {energy / eq } storage / glucose

is the respiratory substrate / synthesis oforganic molecules / eq ;

3. idea that it is {large / eq} ;4. so is un-reactive / insoluble /no osmoticeffect ;5. molecule coiling / compact / reference to

amylose /eq ;6. more can be stored (in available space) / eq ;7. reference to branches / reference to

(glycosidic) 1-6 bonds / amylopectin ;8. {rapid / increased / eq } mobilisation of

glucose units / eq ;

max(4)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

5 (b)(i) Allow converse

1. increase in temperature {decreases / eq }(the mean percentage of amylose present)/negative correlation ;

2. but by differing percentages in all 3 varieties/ C, then A & then B ;

3. credit correct manipulation of the data for 1variety (e.g. by 4.0 % in variety A / 1.5% invariety B / 5% in variety C) eq ;

max(2)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

5 (b)(ii)1. (variety) B ;2. idea of smallest difference between (means /

amylose content) in B for the two differenttemp regimes ;

3. idea of {biggest error bars / widest spread} ;4. idea that error bars for the 2 different temp

regimes overlap ;

5. explanation of overlap e.g. some of the datafor the lower temp falls within that of thehigher temp ;

max(3)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

6(a) Niche:

1. the {role / function / eq} (of a species /organism) ;

2. {within the community / ecosystem /habitat/ environment / eq } ;

Species richness:3. number of (different) species ;4. in a {habitat / eq } / at any one time ; max(3)

Question

Number

Answer Mark

*6 (b)(i)QWC (QWC Spelling of technical terms must be correctand the answer must be organised in a logicalsequence)

1. (cheetah has) {lowest genetic diversity / leastgenetic variation } (of the listed cats) ;

2. correct reference to lack of adaptation /example / no selective advantage (whenenvironment changes) ;

3. (therefore) less likely to survive / eq ;4. (therefore) more at risk of {extinction / eq} ; max

(3)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

6 (b)(ii)1. {greater / eq} genetic diversity (amongst the

litter) / eq ;

2. greater chance that will {survive / eq} ;3. increased chance of fertilisation / pregnancy

/ eq ;

4. increase in population size / eq ; max(2)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

6 (c)1. increases genetic diversity /eq ;2. (because it) allows {outbreeding / mating /

eq} with (genetically) different individuals /eq ;

3. stop/reduces {inbreeding / mating withparents / siblings} ;

4. (which) reduces genetic diversity / eq ; max(2)

Question

Number

Answer Mark

6 (d) cheetahs that are exclusive to one continent ;(1)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (a)(i)1. line drawn correctly e.g. from pollen grain,

down style to start of ovary ;

2. to micropyle (around the edge) ; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (a) (ii)

Comments given if more than 2 ticks and if use crossor crosses and ticks

Labelledstructure

Tick () if chromosome numberincreases at fertilisation

A

B

C

D

E

(2)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (b)(i)1. both {increase / positive correlation / eq} ;2. (pollen tube) length (always) {greater/ eq}

when boron present / eq ;

3. idea of rate of growth greater with boron ;4. linear without boron (for 25 / 30 hours) and

not linear with boron / eq ;

5. correct comparative manipulation of the data;

max(3)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (b)(ii) idea that pollen tube does grow even in the absenceof boron ; (1)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (b)(iii) boron {increases / speeds up / eq} rate ;(1)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

7 (b)(iv)1. more likely to reach the ovule /eq ;2. fertilisation more likely to occur /eq ;3. idea of fertilisation in shorter time period ; max(2)


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QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

8 (a)(i) 1. (increasing or doubling nitrate ionconcentration) decreased mitosis / negativecorrelation / eq ;

2. manipulation of the data (e.g. by 6 cells (per500 cells) / reduces by 24%) ; (2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

8 (a)(ii)1. only two concentrations were used /

additional nitrate ion concentrations shouldbe used ;

2. no {trend / eq} (as only 2 data sets) ;3. If one of the two sets of data was {anomalous

/ eq} ;

4. reference to one with no nitrate ions present;

max(2)

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

8 (a)(iii) Two appropriate safety risks given ; ;

One appropriate precaution, linked to one of therisks above ; (3)


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6BI02_011006

QuestionNumber

Answer Mark

8 (b)1. 3 + / sensible range of nitrate ion

concentrations ;

2. reference to repeats (at each concentration);

3. reference to uniformity of seedlings (e.g. allfrom same parent plant, same age, sameoriginal root length) ;

4. idea that solution used should contain othermineral ions / named mineral ions ;

5. mention one other variable maintained / keptconstant (e.g. temp, all run for same lengthof time, light intensity, volume of mineralsolution) ;

6. reference to mechanism of judging root{growth /eq} (to measure optimum nitrateconcentration) ;

max(3)


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Further copies of this publication are available fromEdexcel Publications, Adamsway, Mansfield, Notts, NG18 4FN

Telephone 01623 467467Fax 01623 450481

Email [email protected]

Order Code US023556 Summer 2010

For more information on Edexcel qualifications, please visit www.edexcel.com/quals

Edexcel Limited. Registered in England and Wales no.4496750Registered Office: One90 High Holborn, London, WC1V 7BH


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J u n e 2010

GCE




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F or fu rther in form a tion , p lea s e ca ll ou r G CE lin e on 0844 576 0025, ou r G CSE tea m on 0844

576 0027, or v is it ou r w eb s ite a t w w w . ed ex cel. com .

If y ou ha v e a n y s u b j ect s p ecific q u es tion s a b ou t the con ten t of this Ma rk Schem e tha treq u ire the help of a s u b j ect s p ecia lis t, y ou m a y fin d ou r A s k T he E x p ert em a il s erv ice

help fu l.





Su m m er 2010

P u b lica tion s Cod e U S023 567




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1006


A ll ca n d id a tes m u s t receiv e the s a m e trea tm en t. E x a m in ers m u s t m a rkthe firs t ca n d id a te in ex a ctly the s a m e w a y a s they m a rk the la s t.

Ma rk s chem es s hou ld b e a p p lied p os itiv ely . Ca n d id a tes m u s t b erew a rd ed for w ha t they ha v e s how n they ca n d o ra ther tha n p en a lis ed

for om is s ion s .

E x a m in ers s hou ld m a rk a ccord in g to the m a rk s chem e n ot a ccord in g totheir p ercep tion of w here the g ra d e b ou n d a ries m a y lie.

T here is n o ceilin g on a chiev em en t. A ll m a rks on the m a rk s chem es hou ld b e u s ed a p p rop ria tely .

A ll the m a rks on the m a rk s chem e a re d es ig n ed to b e a w a rd ed .E x a m in ers s hou ld a lw a y s a w a rd fu ll m a rks if d es erv ed , i. e. if thea n s w er m a tches the m a rk s chem e. E x a m in ers s hou ld a ls o b e p rep a red

to a w a rd z ero m a rks if the ca n d id a te s res p on s e is n ot w orthy of cred it

a ccord in g to the m a rk s chem e.

W here s om e j u d g em en t is req u ired , m a rk s chem es w ill p rov id e thep rin cip les b y w hich m a rks w ill b e a w a rd ed a n d ex em p lifica tion m a y b e

lim ited .

W hen ex a m in ers a re in d ou b t reg a rd in g the a p p lica tion of the m a rks chem e to a ca n d id a te s res p on s e, the tea m lea d er m u s t b e con s u lted .

Cros s ed ou t w ork s hou ld b e m a rked U N L E SS the ca n d id a te ha s rep la cedit w ith a n a ltern a tiv e res p on s e.


Q u es tion s w hich in v olv e the w ritin g of con tin u ou s p ros e w ill ex p ect ca n d id a tes to:

w rite leg ib ly , w ith a ccu ra te u s e of s p ellin g , g ra m m a r a n d p u n ctu a tion in ord er

to m a ke the m ea n in g clea r

s elect a n d u s e a form a n d s ty le of w ritin g a p p rop ria te to p u rp os e a n d to

com p lex s u b j ect m a tter

org a n is e in form a tion clea rly a n d coheren tly , u s in g s p ecia lis t v oca b u la ry w hen

a p p rop ria te.

F u ll m a rks w ill b e a w a rd ed if the ca n d id a te ha s d em on s tra ted the a b ov e

a b ilities .

Q u es tion s w here Q W C is likely to b e p a rticu la rly im p orta n t a re in d ica ted ( Q W C)

in the m a rk s chem e, b u t this d oes n ot p reclu d e others .


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GENERAL INFORMATION




eq





to ea ch other




con fu s ion




for ex a m in ers


Crossed out work

















46/108

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(a)(i)1. tem p era tu re ;2. 55 oC ;

H 4. > 7- 14 ;5. s iz e of film / thickn es s of g ela tin e ;6. a p p rop ria te referen ce to lin ea r d im en s ion /

a rea / n o g rea ter tha n 5 x 5 ( cm ) / n ot >

2m m ( thickn es s ) ;

7. v olu m e of en z y m es / eq ;8. > = 5< 100 m l ; max(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(a)(ii)Allow appropriate reference to risk and method ofreduction.

1. res p ira tion / b rea thin g p rob lem s / eq ;2. u s e coa ted en z y m es / eq / w ea r m a s k ;

p os s ib le s kin rea ction to en z y m e / eq ;4. w ea r g lov es / w a s h w ith cop iou s w a ter /

w a s h b en ch d ow n / d ry u p s p ills ;

5. g ettin g en z y m e in to b lood throu g h cu t ;6. w ea r p la s ter / g lov es ;7. hig h lev el of a lka li d a m a g es s kin / ey es ;8. g lov es / g og g les a s a p p rop ria te ;

referen ce to en z y m e d a m a g e to ey es ;10. w ea r g og g les / eq ; max(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(b)(i)23 6 ; (1)


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6BI07_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(b)(v)1. referen ce to ( id ea of) b es t con cen tra tion

to u s e ( ig n ore v a lu e) ;

2. referen ce to n o im p rov em en t a b ov e thiscon cen tra tion ;

en z y m e cos ts m on ey ;4. referen ce to red u ced cos t effectiv en es s a t

hig her con cen tra tion s ;

max(2)


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1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(a)(i)title s hou ld refer to colu m n s 1 a n d 2 ; (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(a)(ii)1. check for a n y b ia s of s p on s or ( e. g . fu n d in g

s ou rce) ;

2. check for cred en tia ls of con trib u tor ; referen ce to cros s check w ith a n other s ou rce

4. referen ce to ev id en ce of p eer rev iew in g ;max

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(a)(iii)1. n o d oes n ot / eq ;2. ( b eca u s e) n u m b ers g en era lly ris e ov er

tim e / eq ;

( b u t) n u m b ers d o ris e ( m u ch) in 19 9 0s /fa ll 19 9 4 to 19 9 6 ; (3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(b)(i)No mark for type of visual chosen

1. a n y d ia g ra m w hich d ep icts ( rou g hly ) correctp rop ortion s ;

2. b a r or his tog ra m s hou ld ha v e a x es la b elled /p ie cha rt n eed s title a n d p ercen ta g es in the

s e g m en ts ;

p ie ha s key to w ha t s eg m en ts a re or d irectlyla b elled ; b a r / his tog ra m ha s key or b a rs

la b elled on a x is ;

max(2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(b)(ii)1. y es they w ou ld ;2. a s they thin k ha b ita t los s is con s id ered m os t

im p orta n t rea s on for s p ecies los s ;

( lin es 3 0- 3 9 ) d is cu s s ( b etter) s p en d in g of m on eyon this ;

4. m a j ority w ou ld N O T a g ree w ith p oin ts m a d e inthes e lin es a b ou t hu n tin g ( a ccep t con v ers e

a n s w er) ;

max(3)


A n s w er Ma rk

2(c)1. n eed to a d d IU CN red lis t referen ce to b ook /

w eb s ite / a d d res s / u rl ; j u s t IU CN

2. d a te, 19 9 6 ; W ikip ed ia a rticle u rl / a d d res s / title of

a rticle ; j u s t W ikip ed ia

4. d a te s ite v is ites ;5. IU CN lea flet ; j u s t IU CN6. d a te 2008 ;7. referen ce to title of n ew s p a p er / j ou rn a l w ith

hou s ehold q u es tion n a ire ;

8. s om e d eta il in clu d ed , d a te, in s titu tion ( s ) ,a u thor( s ) ;

max(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(d)(i)

1. E con om ic ;2. a b ou t p os s ib le u s es of m on ey in con s erv a tion

of d ifferen t ty p es / eq ; (2)


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Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(d)(ii)(Cannot have same ref. as (d)(i))

F irs t m a rk for im p lica tion a n d lin e referen ce

N ex t tw o m a rks for rea s on s

e. g .

1. ethica l, lin es 47- 48 ;2. ethics of keep in g a n im a ls in z oos ; ca g e en v iron m en t ;4. ethica l, lin es 3 8- 3 9 ;5. ethics of hu n tin g a n im a ls ;6. ( w ron g if) for orn a m en ts , d u b iou s

m ed ica tion s , trop hies etc / m ig ht lea d toex tin ction ;

7. s ocia l, lin es 49 - 54 ;8. p a rt of this ( s ocia l) is ed u ca tion ; tea chin g , a w a ren es s ;10. en v iron m en ta l, lin es 3 0- 3 1 ;11. correct referen ce to a p p rop ria te ha b ita t ;12. a s on ly p la ce org a n is m s ca n p rop erly ex is t ; max(3)


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T elep hon e 01623 467467

F a x 01623 450481


O rd er Cod e U S023 567 Su m m er 2010





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1006

G E N E R A L IN F O R MA T IO N




eq





to ea ch other




con fu s ion



[ ] s q u a re b ra ckets

W ord s in s id e s q u a re b ra ckets a re in s tru ction s or g u id a n ce

for ex a m in ers


Crossed out work





In g en era l, a n error m a d e in a n ea rly p a rt of a q u es tion is p en a lis ed w hen it occu rs b u t n ots u b s eq u en tly . T he ca n d id a te is p en a lis ed on ce on ly a n d ca n g a in cred it in la ter p a rts of the











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6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(a) cros s n ex t to d eg ree of m u s cle con cen tra tion ;

cros s n ex t to s ig n s of d ecom p os ition ;

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(b)1. id ea of SD { m ea s u res / s how s } { s p rea d /

ra n g e / eq } of d a ta ;

2. Id ea of m os t rea d in g s a re w ithin { + 1 x SD /+ 2 x SD } e. g . a p p rox 60% rea d in g s w ithin

( + ) 1 x SD / a p p rox 9 0% rea d in g s w ithin ( + ) 2 x

SD

id ea tha t a s len g th of tim e in crea s es , SDin crea s e / eq ;

4. id ea of m ore v a ria b ility ( in tem p era tu re) a stim e in crea s es / eq ;

5. com m en t on cha n g e in relia b ility of tim e of d ea th w ith tim e / eq ;

6. es tim a te ( of tim e of d ea th) ca n on ly b ew ithin a { 4 / 5 / 6 / 7} hou r p eriod ;

7. u s e of m a n ip u la ted d a ta ;max(4)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

1(c) three from the following:

{ ( b od y ) m a s s / BMI / w eig ht / eq }

{ ( s u b cu ta n eou s ) fa t / eq }

s u rfa ce a rea ,

{ a m b ien t / eq } tem p era tu re

im m ers ion in w a ter

a g e ( of p ers on a t d ea th)

s kin colou r

thickn es s of ha ir

g en d er

clothin g

b lood los s

hu m id ity

a ir m ov em en t

{ core / b od y } tem p era tu re a t tim e of d ea th ; ; ; (3)


58/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(a)1. id ea of reflection ;2. referen ce. to { in correct / eq } { w a v elen g th /

colou r / freq u en cy } ;

id ea of { n ot hittin g the { chlorop la s t /chlorop hy ll} } / it is tra n s m itted ;

4. id ea of lig ht b ein g in ex ces s e. g . a t m a x .p hotos y n thes is s o m ore lig ht ca n b e u s ed ;

max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(b)(i) { j ou les / en erg y } p er { s q u a re m etre / m etre s q u a red/ ( u n it) a rea } p er { y ea r / u n it tim e} ;

(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(b)(ii) A w a rd 2 m a rks for correct a n s w er ( 84. 8 / 84. 84)

1. correct s u b tra ction ( 24. 4 3 . 7 / 20. 7) ;2. correct m u ltip lica tion b y 100 24. 4 ;

[ con s eq u en tia l errors a p p ly ]

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(b)(iii) B ;(1)


59/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

2(c) [QWC] ( Q W C Sp ellin g of techn ica l term s (shown in italics)m u s t b e correct a n d the a n s w er m u s t b e org a n is ed in

a log ica l s eq u en ce)

1. referen ce to { thylakoids thylakoid( m em b ra n es ) } ;

2. in granum grana} ( lig ht en erg y ) ra is es en erg y lev el of electrons

/ chlorophyll electrons } ex cited / eq ;

4. electrons relea s ed from { chlorophyll/ p hotos y s tem / eq } / eq ;

5. referen ce to electron { ca rrier / eq } ;6. referen ce to s eries of { red ox / ox id a tion &

red u ction / eq } rea ction s ;

7. referen ce to en erg y lev el of electrons { fa lls /eq } ;

8. referen ce to { s y n thes is e A T P from A D P + P /p hos p hory la te A D P } ;

referen ce to photophosphorylation10. referen ce to A T P { synthetase / synthase /ase} 11. referen ce to { chemiosmosis / eq } ;12. id ea of electrons from { photolysis / eq } u s ed

to rep la ce thos e los t ;

13 referen ce to in v olv em en t of { a cces s oryp ig m en ts / n a m ed ex a m p le} ;

max(6)


60/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(a)(i) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(a)(ii) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(b)(i) tem p era tu re ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(b)(ii)

1. ra te of g row th in crea s es a s tem p era tu rein crea s es { b etw een 13

oC a n d 22

oC / u p to

22oC}

2. ra te of g row th d ecrea s es { b etw een 22oC a n d25

oC / a b ov e 22

oC}

u s e of m a n ip u la ted d a ta to s u p p ort a b ov ee. g . in crea s es b y { 0. 7 ( a . u . ) / 4. 5 tim es } ,

d ecrea s es b y 0. 1 ( a . u . ) ;

4. referen ce to en z y m es in v olv ed ( in g row th) ;5. m olecu les { m ov e a b ou t m ore / ha v e m ore

kin etic en erg y } , a s tem p era tu re in crea s es ;

6. ( therefore) { en z y m e a n d s u b s tra te( m olecu les ) collid e m ore / ra te of en z y m e-

s u b s tra te com p lex es form a tion in crea s es } a s

tem p era tu re in crea s es ;

7. correct referen ce to d en a tu ra tion of s om e{ en z y m e / p rotein / eq } ( m olecu les ) ;

8. ( therefore) ra te of { g row th / rea ction s }d ecrea s es a s few er en z y m e m olecu les

a v a ila b le ;

max(4)


61/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(b)(iii)1. id ea tha t ( ea ch tem p era tu re) ha s s a m e lig ht

in ten s ity ;

2. correct referen ce to m u s t b e a b ov e{ thres hold / com p en s a tion p oin t} ;

( b elow w hich) n o n et p hotos y n thes is ta kesp la ce / eq ;

4. referen ce to { s o lig ht is n ot lim itin g fa ctor /s o tem p era tu re is the lim itin g fa ctor} ;

5. p hotos y n thes is p rod u ces { m a teria l / eq }n eed ed for g row th / eq ;

max(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

3(b)(iv)1. { w a v elen g th / colou r / freq u en cy } of lig ht ;2. CO 2 con cen tra tion / eq ;

p H / eq ( of s olu tion ) ;4. referen ce to { m in era l / eq } ; max(2)


62/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(a)(i) C ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(a)(ii) A (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(b)(i)D = a n tig en s / ( g ly co) p rotein s ;

E = B { ly m p hocy tes / cells } / p la s m a cells ;

F = a n tib od ies / im m u n og lob u lin s ;

G = m a crop ha g e / p ha g ocy te / eq ;

H = en z y m es / ly s oz y m e ; (5)


63/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

4(b)(ii)1. referen ce to p rotein n a tu re of { a n tig en s /

a n tib od ies } ;

2. a n tig en s a re s p ecific ( to ea ch b a cteria ) / eq ; a n tib od ies n eed to b e { com p lem en ta ry /

s p ecific} ( to the a n tig en ) ;

4. id ea tha t { b in d in g / eq } ca n ta ke p la ce ;5. ( s om e b a cteria ) ha v e d ifferen t / cha n g ed }

a n tig en s / eq ;

6. id ea tha t this is a p rim a ry in fection ;7. referen ce to { m u cu s / s lim e} { coa t / ca p s u le}

( of b a cteria l cells ) ;

8. id ea tha t s om e b a cteria a re in s id e b od y cells

id ea of a n tib od ies a lrea d y p res en t e. g . fromp a s s iv e im m u n ity or b rea s t feed in g ;

max(3)


64/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(a)

Description DNAonly

RNAonly

Both DNAand RNA

P oly m er form ed

from a s in g le s tra n dof n u cleotid es

P en tos e p res en t in

the n u cleotid es

A d en in e, cy tos in e,

g u a n in e a n d

thy m in e p res en t

N u cleotid es lin ked

b y p hos p hod ies ter

b on d s

all rows correct 2 markstwo or three rows correct 1 mark

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(b)(i)1. D N A s tra n d s { s ep a ra te / u n z ip / eq } ;2. id ea tha t on e D N A { s tra n d / eq } u s ed a s

tem p la te ( to form m R N A ) / eq ;

from free n u cleotid es / eq ;4. referen ce to com p lem en ta ry b a s e p a irin g ;5. referen ce to hy d rog en b on d in g ;6. correct referen ce to { R N A - p oly m era s e / D N A

helica s e} ;

7. cred it correct s eq u en ce of b a s es on { m R N A /D N A } ;

max(3)


65/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(b)(ii)

1. referen ce to s p ecific a m in o a cid a tta chm en tto tR N A ;

2. id ea tha t a n ticod on ( on tR N A ) { a tta ches /b in d s / lin es u p / eq } to the { cod on / trip let}

on m R N A ;

ex a m p le q u oted u s in g the in form a tion in thed ia g ra m e. g . tR N A w ith a la n in e ha s CG A

a n ticod on w hich b in d s to G CU on m R N A ;

4. id ea tha t tw o tR N A held in rib os om e ( a t a n yon e tim e) ;

5. referen ce to form a tion of p ep tid e { b on d s /lin ks } ( b etw een a d j a cen t a m in o a cid s ) ;

6. referen ce to p ep tid y l tra n s fera s e ; max(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

5(c)

1. s top cod on ;2. u s ed to en d the { s eq u en cin g / fu rther

a tta chm en t of tR N A / eq } ;

relea s e of the { p oly p ep tid e / rib os om e} / eq ; max(2)


66/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(a)1. id ea tha t in d iv id u a ls of a s p ecies ca n

{ in terb reed / eq } ;

2. to p rod u ce fertile { offs p rin g / eq } ; the { hy b rid s / offs p rin g } ca n flow er a n d

p rod u ce v ia b le s eed s / eq ;

max(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(b)(i)1. { v a riety / eq } of a lleles ;2. in a g en e p ool / eq ; (2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

6(b)(ii)1. d ifferen t a lleles in ea ch of the tw o

{ p op u la tion s / eq } ;

2. ea ch { p op u la tion / s p ecies } is a d a p ted to liv e{ in d ifferen t en v iron m en ta l con d ition s / a t

d ifferen t a ltitu d es / eq } ;

there w ill ha v e b een d ifferen t m u ta tion s inea ch p op u la tion ;

4. referen ce to a lleles from d ifferen t { s p ecies/ eq } w ill m ix / hy b rid s receiv e a lleles from

b oth { s p ecies / eq } ;

max(2)


67/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

*6(c) QWC ( Q W C Sp ellin g of techn ica l term s m u s t b e correcta n d the a n s w er m u s t b e org a n is ed in a log ica l

s eq u en ce)

1. referen ce to orig in a l p op u la tion in crea s in g ins iz e a n d s p rea d in g in to a w id er d iv ers ity of

{ ha b ita ts / eq } ;

2. referen ce to m u ta tion s ; lea d in g to d iv ers ity in flow erin g tim es / eq ;

4. ( a n d ) other p la n t fea tu res / eq ;5. referen ce to rep rod u ctiv e is ola tion ;6. res triction in g en e flow / eq ;7. b etw een ex trem es of p op u la tion / eq ;8. referen ce to d ifferen t en v iron m en ta l fa ctors in

ea ch reg ion ;

ea ch reg ion ha s d ifferen t s election p res s u res/ eq ;

10. id ea of p la n ts a d a p ted to a reg ion ;11. referen ce to s u rv iv a l a n d b reed in g ;12. referen ce to cha n g e in a llele freq u en cies

( ov er tim e) ;

13 ( lea d s to) d ifferen ces b etw een g en e p ools /eq

max(6)


68/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(a)1. referen ce to { ca rb on / org a n ic / eq }

com p ou n d s in p la n t m a teria l ;

2. id ea tha t d ig es tion p rov id es res p ira torys u b s tra tes ;

ca rb on d iox id e relea s ed ( from res p ira tion ) ;4. ( this ca rb on d iox id e is ) a v a ila b le for

p hotos y n thes is ;

5. referen ce to w ood lice { ea ten / d ecom p os e} ;max(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(b)(i) A (1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(b)(ii)1. { w a v elen g th / colou r / freq u en cy } of lig ht ;2. lig ht in ten s ity / s ha d in g ;

tem p era tu re ;4. m ois tu re con ten t of { a ir / s u b s tra tu m / eq } /

hu m id ity ;

5. { p H / chem ica l com p os ition / eq } of { s u b s tra tu m / eq } ;

6. a ir cu rren ts / w in d / eq ;7. tex tu re of s u b s tra tu m / eq ;8. referen ce to { ox y g en / ca rb on / m etha n e} ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(c)(i)

8

9 1

10 1

A ll three a n s w ers correct to 1 s ig n ifica n t fig u re ; (1)


69/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(c)(ii)1. w ood lice m ov e a b ou t / eq ;2. ( therefore) d ifficu lt to cou n t / eq ;

s om e m ig ht b e { cou n ted m ore tha n on ce /m is s ed ou t} / eq ;

max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

7(c)(iii)1. for res u lts to b e ( s cien tifica lly ) v a lid ;2. on ly on e fa ctor n eed s to b e v a ried / eq ;

other fa ctors n eed to b e kep t con s ta n t / eq ;4. referen ce to { m a n y / b iotic / eq } fa ctors ( in a

g a rd en ) ;

5. ( thes e fa ctors a re) { d ifficu lt to con trol / eq } ;6. referen ce to d ifficu lt to s et tes t fa ctor v a lu es max

(3)


70/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(a)

Description Name ofstructure

P, E or B

E n clos ed b y

ou ter s m ooth

m em b ra n ein n er m em b ra n e

fold ed form in g

cris ta e

Mitochon d rion /

m itochon d ria

E / eu ka ry otic

L on g s tra n d - like

s tru ctu re

ex ten d in g ou t

from the cell

U s ed for

locom otion

F la g ellu m /

fla g ella

B / b oth

Sm a ll, circu la r

loop of d ou b le-

s tra n d ed D N A

p la s m id P / p roka ry otic

1 m a rk for a n y tw o correct cells ; ; ;

(3)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(i) b a ctericid a l ;(1)

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(ii)1. cell w a ll { w ea ker / ca n n ot form p rop erly / eq }

2. { cell / cell w a ll} b u rs ts ( ea s ily ) / eq ; d u rin g d iv is ion / eq ;

max(2)


71/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(b)(iii)1. referen ce to a n tib iotic a ctin g a s s electiv e

p res s u re ;

2. referen ce to s om e b a cteria res is ta n t ( toa n tib iotic) ;

id ea tha t res is ta n t b a cteria s u rv iv e a n d{ rep rod u ce / p a s s on res is ta n ce / p a s s on

g en e / eq } ;

4. id ea tha t a n tib iotic n o lon g er effectiv e ;5. referen ce to s om e in fection s ca n n ot b e

trea ted w ith a n tib iotics ;

max(2)


72/108

6BI04_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

A n s w er Ma rk

8(c)1. id ea of b a cteria d is trib u ted ev en ly /

d es crip tion of techn iq u e e. g . la w n s p rea d in g ;

2. d es crip tion of m ethod u s ed to a p p ly d ifferen ta n tib iotics a t kn ow n p os ition s e. g . m u ltid is ks ,

w ells in a g a r ;

referen ce to con trol of a n tib ioticcon cen tra tion ;

4. referen ce to { s terile / a s ep tic} techn iq u e ;5. referen ce to in cu b a tion a t a s u ita b le

tem p era tu re ;

6. d es crip tion of how effect is a s s es s ed e. g .m ea s u re { clea r a rea / in hib ition z on e / eq } ;

7. referen ce to rep lica tion ( w ith s a m eb a cteriu m ) ;

8. referen ce to rep etition w ith d ifferen tb a cteria ;

max(4)


73/108

6BI04_ 01

1006



T elep hon e 01623 467467

F a x 01623 450481


O rd er Cod e U A 023 560 Su m m er 2010





74/108


J u n e 2010

GCE




75/108






F or fu rther in form a tion , p lea s e ca ll ou r G CE lin e on 0844 576 0025, ou r G CSE tea m on 0844576 0027, or v is it ou r w eb s ite a t w w w . ed ex cel. com .

If y ou ha v e a n y s u b j ect s p ecific q u es tion s a b ou t the con ten t of this Ma rk Schem e tha t

req u ire the help of a s u b j ect s p ecia lis t, y ou m a y fin d ou r A s k T he E x p ert em a il s erv ice

help fu l.





Su m m er 2010

P u b lica tion s Cod e U A 023 563




76/108


77/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

G E N E R A L IN F O R MA T IO N




eq





to ea ch other




con fu s ion




for ex a m in ers


Crossed out work

















78/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er

Correct A n s w er Ma rk

1(a)1. n a tu re of a b n orm a lity e. g . b leed in g , ref. to d en s ity ;2. { loca tion / eq } of a b n orm a lity ;

{ ex ten t / s iz e/ eq } of a b n orm a lity ;4. likely p rob lem s e. g . a cces s ib ility for s u rg ery ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


1(b)1. ( fou n d in ) d ifferen t { reg ion s / eq } of b ra in / eq ;2. the rig ht ha n d b ra in ha s { m ore / tw o/ eq }

a b n orm a lities ;

d ifferen t a rea s of b ra in ha v e d ifferen t fu n ction s / eq ;4. { s y m p tom s / eq } d ep en d on reg ion of b ra in a ffected /

eq

5. id ea of d ifferen t ty p es of a b n orm a lity ca n ca u s ed ifferen t s y m p tom s ;

max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


1(c)1. d etects lev el of ox y g en a tion of the b lood / m ea s u res

cha n g es in b lood flow w ithin b ra in / eq ;

2. { in crea s ed flow / m ore ox y g en / eq } s u g g es ts in crea s eda ctiv ity / eq ;

s tu d y b ra in a ctiv ity rela ted to { s tim u li / ta s ks / eq } ; max(2)


79/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er


1(d)

W X Y Z

R eg u la tin g core tem p era tu re

Clim b in g s ta irs

R eg u la tin g ca rb on d iox id e in the

b lood

Choos in g a g ift (4)


80/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er


2(a)1. d ep ola ris a tion of a d j a cen t { m em b ra n e / eq } / eq ;2. cha n g es P D a cros s m em b ra n e / eq ;

op en s s od iu m { g a tes / eq } ;4. s od iu m ion s m ov e in to ( the n eu ron e) ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


2(b)

Position on

diagram

Permeable to

sodium ions

Permeable

to potassiumions

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


2(c)1. correct { referen ce to / d es crip tion of} d iffu s ion

g ra d ien t ( of p ota s s iu m ion s ) ;

2. correct { referen ce to / d es crip tion of} electrochem ica lg ra d ien t ;

in crea s ed p erm ea b ility ( of m em b ra n e) to p ota s s iu mion s / eq ;

4. referen ce to p ota s s iu m { g a tes / eq } op en / eq ;5. referen ce to s od iu m { g a tes / eq } clos ed / eq ;

max(3)


81/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er


2(d)1. P D les s n eg a tiv e / eq2. id ea tha t the m em b ra n e rem a in s p erm ea b le to

p ota s s iu m ion s ;

p ota s s iu m ion s { m ov e b eca u s e of cha rg e d ifferen ce /eq } ;

4. in to { n erv e cell / n eu ron e / a x on / eq } ;5. id ea tha t p ota s s iu m ion is rem ov in g a p os itiv e cha rg e

( from the ou ts id e) ;

6. id ea tha t eq u ilib riu m is es ta b lis hed e. g . d iffu s iong ra d ien t b a la n ced b y p oten tia l d ifferen ce ;

max

(3)


82/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er


3(a)1. ca rb on d iox id e p rod u ced in res p ira tion / eq ;2. a ffects { v olu m e / p res s u re} of g a s / eq ;

a llow s m ea s u rem en t of ox y g en u s ed / eq ; max(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


3(b)(i) T w o m a rks for correct a n s w er

0. 8 ( m m m in1)

if in correct a llow on e m a rk for correct w orkin g

1. 48 ; O R 1. 12 ;2. 60 to g iv e a n s w er ; O R 2. 15 to g iv e a n s w er

(2)

Q u es tion

N u m b er


3(b)(ii)1. n o ox y g en a v a ila b le/ n o ox y g en u p ta ke ;2. referen ce to a n a erob ic res p ira tion ; ca rb on d iox id e p rod u ced is a b s orb ed / eq ;4. n o ( n et) cha n g e of { v olu m e / p res s u re} of g a s ; max(2)


83/108

6BI05_ 01

1006

Q u es tion

N u m b er


3(b)(iii)1. { m a s s / eq } of org a n is m m a y d iffer ;2. u s e s a m e m a s s / ex p res s res u lts p er u n it m a s s / eq ;

tem p era tu re cha n g es / eq ;4. con trol tem p era tu re u s in g a w a ter b a th / eq ;5. p r

Documents

6BI01 6BI02 6BI07 6BI04 6BI05 6BI08 Summer 2010 Markscheme-1