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7/29/2019 68199539 Hazards of Petroleum Industry
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1
No job is so important
and No service is sourgent that we cannottake time to perform
our work safely.
REMEMBER
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HAZARDS OF
PETROLEUM INDUSTRY
By
KANISHK BHARADWAJ
Roll no.
E09-0030
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OUTLINEWhat is petroleum industry?
What are upstream & downstream processes?
Upstream processes & application.
Downstream processes & application .Hazards of petroleum industry.
Oil spilling
Rig fire explosion
Environmental hazardsSafety measures to cure petroleum hazards
Disaster management in petroleum industry.
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INTRODUCTION
The History of Oil
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Pre-Modern Oil Use
The First Oil Wells - 1840s-1850s for the needof kerosene .
Birth of a Boom
1896: First off-shore wells1938: Discovery of Saudi Arabian
well built out of sightofcoast reserves
Evolution of the Price of Oil
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What is a Petroleum
Industry ?
A petroleum industry is exploring & taking
out crude oil , refining it into various useful
constituents & making profitable business
through it
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Upstream & Downstream operations
Upstream includes exploration , drilling &
production of crude oil .
Downstream consists of processing of crude
oil.
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Upstream processes
Application of tools & methodsinvolved
Remote sensing
Mapping
Biostratigraphy
Chronostratigraphy
Lithostratigraphy
Resevoir strategies
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Downstream processes
Application of tools & methodsinvolved
Seperation
PurificationUpgradation
Blunting
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Hazards of Petroleum Industry
Spilling of oil
Flaring of gases in refinery
Mercury spilling
Service Rig fire & ExplosionElectrical hazards
Environmental Hazards
- Air pollution
- Unsecured plants & animals
- landscape deteroitation
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crude & refined petroleum accidentally &deliberately released into environment;
most from normal operation of offshore
wells, washing tankers, & leaks ofpipeline & storage tanks;
tanker & offshore drilling site accidentscan release large amounts in short time;
Oil Spills
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volatile organics immediately kill of many aquaticorganisms (especially plankton & larvae) &contaminate fish;
floating oil coats birds & marine mammal; destroys
natural insulation & buoyancy, & causes deaths;
heavy oil sinks to ocean bottom & washes intoestuaries where it contaminates crabs, oysters,mussels, clams, etc.
oil slicks on beaches harm intertidal life & causeeconomic losses to tourism & fishing industries.
Effects of Oil Spills
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Fish Kills: SOP with the Division of Fish &Wildlife Is the cause natural or potentially
pollution?
What is it?
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Marine Releases
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March 24, 1989, tanker in Prince William Sound, Alaska,worst oil spill in U.S. waters;
coated 1,600 of shoreline, killed wildlife, & caused seriouscontamination;
Exxon spent $2.2 billion on direct cleanup + $1 billion fines& damages; another $5 billion being appealed.
Case Study: Exxon Valdez
Oil Spill
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Service Rig Fire and Explosion
Use of the rig pump : -
The rig crew has to circulate fluid
down the tubing and monitoring
return fluiding and collecting the
return fluid in the rig tank
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Flaring of gases in refinery
Vapours collected in a closed safety
system are disposed of by burning at a
safe location. The facilitities used for thisburning are called flares
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Flare top igniter assembly.
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Drive Smarter: It doesnt just save money. Itreduces gasoline consumption, . . . And it reduces
greenhouse gas emissions. Keep your tires properly
inflated. This improves gas mileage by about three
percent.
ExxonMobil 2008If automobiles are going to run on milk, then
well be in the milk business.Chairman of Chevron, 1999
Indirect Hazards of Petroleum
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CAN YOU FIND THE HAZARD(S)?
2
1
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What Causes Injuries?
Texas Workers Compensation Insurance Fund 2001
78 %
20%
UnsafeConditions
20%
Acts of
God
2%
Unsafe
Acts
78%
UNSAFE CONDITIONS UNSAFE ACTSACTS OF GOD
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Oil Field Safety
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SAFETY..is part of everyday living. It is an important
consideration for everyone in everything he/she does, in the
home, at work or play, on streets and highways wherever
he/she goes.
Safe operating practices and procedures are vital in the drilling
business because the work is hazardous, involving massive
machinery, heavy tools and great physical strength.
When accidents do occur, the work can be a serious peril to life
and limb. Drilling personnel must know how to work safely on arig in order to protect themselves, costly rig equipment, and the
expensive hole being drilled.
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SAFETY IN THE OILFIELD,
not the mechanical aspects of
oilfield work.
This orientation includes:SAFETY PROGRAM,
INSPECTIONS,
SAFETY MEETINGS,
HAZARD AWARENESS,
ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION,
ACCIDENT REPORTING
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Waste management & its
disposal
EC90 Effective concentration to kill 90% of spores
LD50 Lithal concentration to kill50% of micro organisms & bacteria
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Radiation Safety Management
Delayed coking provides competitiveadvantage:
- Cheaper to install/operate
- Allows processing of heavier crude
oils.
Radiation sources measure liquid &
foam levels inside the coking drum.
IH Service Benefit:
- Maintain radiation license,
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OISD Standards
Areas Covered
Design and Layout of Facilities
Construction, Operation, Maintenance &Inspection Procedures
Work Permit System
Training
Use of Personal Protection Equipment
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OISD Standards
Areas contd....
Occupational Health Monitoring
Fire Protection & Fire-Fighting Facilities
Environment Protection, Oil Spill
Emergency Preparedness
Safety Management System
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Operating Procedures and Safe Work Practices
Work Permit System
Practices on Oil Storage and Handling,Storage, Transportation ofBulk Petroleum Products, LPG
Safety Practices During Construction
Recommended Practices on Static ElectricityWell Control, Cementing Operations
Safe Procedures & Guidelines for Workover and Well StimulationOperations
Guidelines for Gas Lift Operations .
Safe handling of air hydrocarbon mixtures
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Inbuilt Safety
Process design and operating philosophies on pressure relief and
disposal system
Design and Construction requirements for cross countryhydrocarbon pipelines
Safety instrumentation for process system in hydrocarbon industry
Design and Safety Requirements for LPG Mounded Storage Facility
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Bottling Plant Design Philosophies
Design aspects for safety in electrical systems
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Environment Management
Guidelines for Environmental Impact Assessment
Recommended Practices for Environment Protection
in Upstream Petroleum Sector (Onland Facilities)
Formulation Of Environment Management Plan For
drilling Operations
Guidelines For Preparation Of Oil Spill Response
Contingency Plan
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Conclusion
The conclusion of whole presentation is ,we have to
prevent from harm during a hazard & to take saf ety
measures to save everyone from hazardsBecause prevention is better than cure.
REFERENCES
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REFERENCES
SPECIAL REGARDS TODr. A. K. Choubey Sir
Mr. Aditya Nag
www.wikipedia.com
www.ipshem.asp.comwww.pesa_2009_weaver.com
www.whs_pub_.co.in
www.google.co.inHandbook of petroleum processing
by Stan & Pujado
http://www.wikipedia.com/http://www.ipshem.asp.com/http://www.pesa_2009_weaver.com/http://www.whs_pub_.co.in/http://www.google.co.in/http://www.google.co.in/http://www.whs_pub_.co.in/http://www.pesa_2009_weaver.com/http://www.ipshem.asp.com/http://www.wikipedia.com/7/29/2019 68199539 Hazards of Petroleum Industry
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THANKYOU