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6.4 VSEPR (Molecular Shapes). V Valence S Shell E Electron P Pair R Repulsion. I hate you!. Stay away from me!. e -. e -. VSEPR: theory that predicts some molecular shapes based on idea that pairs of valence electrons surrounding an atom repel each other. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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6.4 VSEPR (Molecular Shapes)
V ValenceS ShellE ElectronP PairR Repulsion
e- e-
I hate you!Stay away from me!
VSEPR: theory that predicts some molecular shapes based on idea that pairs of valence electrons surrounding an atom repel each other
Common shapes you should know
Tetrahedral
pyramid with 4 faces
Trigonal pyramidal
squished pyramid
Trigonal Planar
hood ornament of Mercedes
peace sign missing a limb
Bent
Linear
How do we figure out the shape of a molecule?
Step 1: Draw the Lewis structure for the molecule.
example: NH3
Step 2: Count the number of "things" on the atom you're interested in (the center atom).
Count atoms and lone pairs, NOT BONDS!
example: NH3
NH
H
H
Step 3: Count the number of lone pairs that are on the atom you're interested in.
Lone pairs on other atoms aren't important;only count what is directly stuck to the atom you're interested in.
example: NH3
NH
H
H
Practice
1. CH4
2. CO2
3. carbon tetrabromide
4. phosphorus trichloride
5. boron trichloride
6. sulfur difluoride
How does shape affect polarity?
Practice: are the following molecules polar or nonpolar?
1. CF4
2. SF2
3. NF3
4. BeCl2
Drag the figure showing the shape for this molecule into the box below.
CO2
Drag the figure showing the shape for this molecule into the box below.
AsF5
Drag the figure showing the shape for this molecule into the box below.
SO3
Drag the figure showing the shape for this molecule into the box below.
NH4+
Drag the figure showing the shape for this molecule into the box below.
SCl6