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ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA
Basal cell layer
Prickle cell layer
Granular cell layer
Cornified cell layer
basal
intermediate
superficial
Lamina propriaLamina propria
Stratified squamous epithelium
Keratinized Non-keratinized:
•orthoortho-keratin.•parapara-keratin.
Papillarylayer
Reticular layer
glands or
fat cells
May or
may not be
present
Oral Oral epitheliumepithelium
SubmucosSubmucosaa
Basement
membrane
KeratinizedKeratinizedEpitheliumEpithelium
NonNon--keratinizekeratinize
ddepitheliumepithelium
Types of Types of KeratinizationKeratinization
Orthokeratinized st. sq. epith.
Parakeratinized st. sq. epith
ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA
MASTICATORY
LINING
SPECIALIZED
GINGIVA, HARD PALATE DORSUM OF TONGUE
LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE
OF TONGUESOFT PALATE
ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, FLOOR OF MOUTHVESTIBULAR FORNIX
LOOSELY ATTACHED FIRMLY ATTACHED
GINGIVA
HARD PALATE Macro-anatomy : shape, regions… Micro-anatomy:
Histological Structure
Epithelium: Lamina propria:type epithelial ridges
papillary layer reticular layer
Submucosa: present or absent associated structures
glandsb.v.nervesadipose tissue
Masticatory Masticatory MucosaMucosa
Gingiva – Macro-Anatomy
Free gingiva
attached gingiva
Gingival stipplingFree
gingival groove
palepink
interdenta
l“col”
region
Gingival
sulcus
Interdental fold
Pigmentation
Normal stippling
Extrinsic pigmentation: Amalgum tattoo
Gingival margin
Free gingiva
attached gingiva
Gingivalsulcus
Gingival stippling
Free gingival groove
Dentin
Space ofenamelSulcular epithelium
Junctional epithelium
cementum
dentinogingiva
l fibers
Gingiva – Micro-Anatomy
Histology of the Gingiva
keratenized stratified squamous epithelium
Lamina propria
Epithelial ridges
C.T papilla
long
NumerousSlenderIrregular
No submucosa
Gingival Gingival LigamentLigament
B: Dento-gingival group
D: Alveolo-gingival group
A: Circular group
C: Dento-periosteal group
Hard Palate Macro-anatomy
incisive
papillamedian
palatine raphe
soft palate
uvula
palatine gingiva
palatine rugae
antero-lateral (fatty) zone
postero-lateral
(glandular) zone
Hard Palate Macro-anatomy
Histology of the Hard Palate
SubmucosaGlandular zone
Epithelial ridges are long,irregular and numerous Mucosa
Fatty zone
Hard Palate Micro-anatomy
ORAL MUCOSAORAL MUCOSA
MASTICATORY
LINING
SPECIALIZED
GINGIVA, HARD PALATE DORSUM OF TONGUE
LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE
OF TONGUESOFT PALATE
ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, FLOOR OF MOUTHVESTIBULAR FORNIX
LOOSELY ATTACHED FIRMLY ATTACHED
LINING MUCOSA
LIPS , CHEEKS, VENTRAL SURFACE
OF TONGUESOFT PALATE
ALVEOLAR MUCOSA, VESTIBULAR FORNIXFLOOR OF MOUTH
LOOSELY ATTACHEDFIRMLY ATTACHED
The LipThe Lip
Skin Skin SideSide
Vermilion Vermilion zonezone
Mucous Membrane Mucous Membrane sideside
The LipThe Lip
Skin SideSkin Side
VermilioVermilion zonen zone
Mucous Mucous Membrane Membrane
sideside
Sebaceous glands
salivary glands
epidermis( stratum lucidum)
eleidinSeat & sebaseous
glands
thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.
minor salivary glands
Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.
(occasional Fordyce spots)
Skin Skin SideSide
epidermis( stratum lucidum)
eleidinSeat & sebaseous
glands
Sweat glands
A- Hair follicles
B- Sebaceous glannds
C- Sweat glands
The LipThe Lip
Skin SideSkin Side
epidermis
(stratum lucidum)
Eleidin
•Hair follicles
•Sweat glands
• Sebaseous glands
Hair papilla
Hair root
Vermilion zone
(red zone)Thin epith, thin keratin layer,high C.T. papillae, many b.v.
Mucous Membrane SideMucous Membrane Sideof the Lipof the Lip
thick nonkeratinized st. sq. epitheliumdense collagen f.
minor salivary glands(labial glands)
Sebaceous glands
(occasional Fordyce spots)
Alveolar mucosa
Floor of the mouth
Vestibular fornix
Loosely Attached “Movable”mucosa
loosely attached to periosteum
loosly attached to underlying structures
allows mobility of the tongue
allows mobility of lips and cheeks
Alveolar mucosa
mucogingival junction
Epithelium: st. sq. nonker. epith ,.few or no epith. ridges
lamina propria:
Loose C.T, collagen & elastic fibersSubmucosa: thick elastic fibers
& mixed salivary glands
Floor of the mouth Very tin epith.lamina propria
highly vascularizes
Vestibular fornix
Loosely Attached“Movable”mucosa
Firmly Attached Immovable Firmly Attached Immovable mucosamucosa Lip & cheek
mucosaInferior surfaceof the tongue
Soft palate
Oral side
Nasal side:pseudustratified
ciliated epith .
ventral surface of the tongue
Firmly attached to underlying muscles
Thin non.kert. st.sq. epith.Sew-teeth appearance of epith ridges
Tongue Dorsal SurfaceTongue Dorsal Surface
Specialized Specialized MucosaMucosa
Tongue PapillaeTongue Papillae
Filiform papillae
Fungiform papillae
Circumvallate papillae
“SEM”
von Ebner salivary glnds
Von Ebner
salivary gland
Circumvallate papillae
trough
Von Ebner
salivary gland
Foliate papillae
Taste Bud
SEM
H & E stain
Taste Bud
3 -Neuroepithelial cell
1 -Outer supporting cell
Taste pore
2-Inner supporting cell
Taste distribution
Posterior Third of TonguePosterior Third of Tonguelymphatic part
Lingual tonsilLingual tonsil
Weber salivary gland (Pure mucous gland
Lingual cryptLymphatic nodules(follicles)
Weber salivary glands