6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

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  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

    1/114

    b 9

    ervice anual

    ront

    assembly

    Steering device

    979 88

    SAAB

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    2/114

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    e ~ h n i c l data 2_6 1

    [Front wheei alignment unladen car

    Castor

    Camber

    Toe in

    \ < l A > t

    1I

    S 4351

    Castor

    Manual steering

    degrees 0

    10 5

    Power-assisted steering

    degrees 0

    20 5

    Cars

    with sports chassis

    degrees 0

    2

    0 25

    Camber

    Manual steering

    degrees 0

    0 5 0 5

    Power-assisted steering

    degrees 0

    O 5 0 5

    Cars

    with sports chassis

    degrees 0

    O 25 0 25

    Toe-in, measured between rims B-A

    Manual steering mm in

    2 1 0 .08 0.04

    Power-assisted steering mm in

    2 1 0.08 0.04

    Cars

    with sports chassis mm in

    1 5 0 5 0 .06

    0 02

    Swivel pin kingpin inclination

    degrees

    0

    11 5 1

    Steering angle

    Outer wheel

    degrees 0

    20

    Inner wheel

    degrees 0

    20 750 50

    Saab900

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    026-2 Technical data

    Steering swivel member

    Ball-jointwear limits:

    Axial play

    Radial play

    Ball-joint lubricant

    mm in

    rnm in

    2 0.08

    1 0.04

    Molycote Longterm 2E

    mm

    Tightening torques: wishbones

    n

    steering

    swivel members

    mm

    55-70 m

    ~ 1 9 5 N m

    ? 40-55Nm

    75-90 Nm

    Saab900

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    steering system

    echnical data 026 3

    Steeringwheel turns, lock-to-Iock 4.2 EMS: 3.5

    Damping yoke: clearanceto cover plate

    mm in)

    0.05 -

    0.15

    0.002 - 0.006

    Shim thicknesses mm in 0.13,0.19 and

    0.25

    0.0051,0.0075

    and 0.0098

    Lubricantforrack, pinion andbearings

    BP

    Energrease

    FGL

    Part No.

    3008703

    Tightening torque: rack-and-pinion

    gear, car raised

    Nm

    Ibfft

    0.8 1 7 0.59 -1.25

    Tightening torques:

    Yokecover plate bolts

    Nm

    Ibfft)

    16 - 20 12- 15)

    Fixingbolts

    Nm

    Ibfft 60 -

    80

    44- 59)

    Innerball joint, adjustable

    Nm Ibfft

    45 -

    50

    33- 37)

    nonadjustable Nm

    Ibfft

    110 -130 81-

    96)

    Track-rod end locknut

    Nm Ibfft

    60 - 80 44 - 59)

    totrackarm

    Nm

    Ibfft

    50-60 37-44

    ighteningtorques

    45 50 m 110 130 m

    25 28 m

    i

    I

    I

    I

    I

    ,

    I

    I

    I

    I

    I

    I

    I

    I

    I

    i

    .

    teering

    collUmli

    assembly

    Steeringcolumn shaft: length

    must not be adjusted)

    Tightening torques:

    Pinch-bolt in

    Steeringwheel centre-nut

    mm in)

    Nm Ibfft

    Nm Ibfft

    Saab

    418

    1 16.46

    0.04

    25 - 34 18.5 -

    25.1

    25 -

    28 18.5

    -

    20.7

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    2

    6

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    D

    am

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    yo

    l

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    Technical data

    026-5

    (

    Wear check: nonadjustable inner

    Balljoint

    must

    move freely

    to l imit

    oftravel in all

    balljoint

    directions

    without

    binding.With the rack

    (All cars with power-assisted

    horizontal,

    the

    track-rod complete with ball

    joint

    steering and

    M81

    cars onwards with

    should remain in any position and not

    be ableto

    manual steering) fall under i ts own weight. I f thetrack

    rod

    falls

    underits own weight,there is excessive play in

    the ball

    jointandthe

    track rod assembly should

    be replaced.

    Wearcheck: adjustable innerball

    With the track-rod end removed, the rack preload

    joint

    (cars with manual steering,

    mustnot

    exceed

    32

    N (7,2 Ibf),

    M80

    and earlier)

    Ifthe specifiedvaluecannot beobtained

    after

    adjustment,

    the rackcompletewith

    ball caps

    must be

    replaced.

    Track-rod ends

    Nonadjustable -

    must

    be replaced before

    maximum permissible play present.

    Maximum play ininnerball joint:

    Axial play

    mm in 2 (0.08)

    Radial play

    mm (in)

    1 (0.04)

    M aximim play intrack-rod ends:

    Axial play

    mm (in)

    2 0.08

    Radial play

    mm in 1 0.04

    Innerball joint lubrication

    Permanently lubricated

    Track-rod end lubrication

    MolycoteLongterm

    Maximum value of C after adjust-

    ment

    oftoe-in:

    Manual system

    mm (in)

    100

    (3.94)

    Power-assisted system

    mm (in) 125 (4.92)

    Maximum difference in value of- C

    between

    LH

    and

    RH

    trackrods

    mm (in)

    2

    0.079

    C

    100

    mm (3,94 in) maximum - manual steering

    C =

    125

    mm (4.92 in) maximum - power-assisted steering

    Saab

    900

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    peci l tools 1 6 1

    CG?4 PiC

    /

    [

    ,

    784 67 Sleeve for fitting control valve and

    end cap over pinion locknut

    special tool for section

    839 97 C spanner for removal/f it ting

    of

    inner ball

    joint

    manual steering)

    8996423

    Puller for servo pump pulley

    89958 3 Tool for fitting gaiter on steering

    column shaft

    89954 9 Bal l- jo in t separator for inner ball

    joints and track-rod ends

    89964 5 Tool for

    fitting

    servo pump pulley

    b

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    1

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    Track ing gaug e

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    peci l tools

    1 6 3

  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

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    c

    839 48 Removal sleeve for control valve

    special tool for section 4

    784 33

    Tool for fitting rubber bush

    in

    upper

    wishbone 1

    784 349

    Tool for

    fitting

    rubber bush

    in

    lower

    wishbone 2

    2

    ll

    1

    3

    }I,l

    Servo cylinderi ; principle operation

    1 Racl i

    ...

    ;- :.

    1

    I

    )

    e

    CambeR

    Camber refers to the angle formed between the

    wheel and the vertical. If the wheel tilts out

    wards, the camber angle is said to be positive;

    if

    it

    tilts

    inwards, the angle is said to be negative.

    The camber on the Saab

    900

    is positive.

    Castoii

    Toe in

    :

    ,

    :: .:

    amber

    :,..

    .

    I

    -

    : _ ; i :,

    :

    :.

    .

    Castor is the angle at which the swivel pin king

    pin) deviates from the vertical when viewed from

    the side. When the swivel axis is inclined back

    wards as shown,

    the

    castor issaid to

    be

    positive;

    when inclined fOlvlJards, the castor is said to

    be

    negative. The Saab 900 has positive castor.

    Saab900

    astor

    6

    1

    2

    T

    ec

    h

    ni

    ca

    l

    d

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  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

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    S

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    Wheel alignment

    6 1 1

  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

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    Checking and adjusting . . .

    Toe-in . . . . . . . . . . .

    Checking the track-rod length

    Camber.

    Castor .

    6 1 1

    6 1 1

    6 1 2

    6 1 3

    6 1 3

    Swivel-pin inclination . . . . .

    Checking the steering angles

    Reference for adjusting

    camber and castor

    6 1 4

    6 1 4

    601-6

    f < ~ B----1

    2 Using the tracking gauge, measure dimen

    sion Abetween the rims, at axle height.

    Mark the measuring points with chalk. Roll

    the car forward until the chall, marks are at

    axel height again and then measure dimen

    sion

    In

    this method, the tracking gauge remains

    in the same pos it ion on the floor for both

    measurements, thereby preventing any un

    evenness in the surface of the floor from in

    fluencing the measurements.

    3 If adjustment is necessary, dothis byadjust

    ing the length of the track rod. Slacken the

    locknut at the track-rod

    end

    and the clip sec

    uringthe gaiter on the steering rack.

    4 Gripping the track rod with a suitable tool,

    turn it clockwise or ant ic lockwise the

    number

    of

    turns shown in

    the

    table on page

    6 1 2 until the correct toe-in is obtained.

    Make sure that the gaiter does not turn with

    the track rod.

    r cking g uge

    I < > A e

    Adjusting

    using

    a

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    1 With the car on a perfectly level surface, roll

    i t s traight ahead and allow it to come to a

    stop by itself.

    I f there is reason to belief that the front-wheel

    alignment is incorrect e.g. because of abnormal

    tyre wear, impaired steering or roadholding prop

    erties, etc.) the following procedure should be

    followed:

    1 Check the tyre pressures.

    2 Check the front-wheel bearings, wishbone

    mountings and ball joints, and the inner ball

    joints and track-rod ends. Adjust or replace

    any defective parts as necessary, to elimi

    nateanysymptoms caused by such defects.

    3 Inspect the dampers and replace any that

    are defective, togetherwith any worn rubber

    bushes.

    4 I f the car has been involved in a collision,

    has run of f the road or the like, repair any

    damage before starting wheel-alignment

    checks.

    5 To prevent distorted readings being ob

    tained, rock the car fi rmly a few times to

    allow the suspension to settle before start

    ing any checks.

    For checking of wheel alignment and steering

    angles, the carmust be unladen, with nobody in

    side i t, but wi th a ful l tank of fuel and on a per

    fectly level surface. Adjustment by means of

    shims must only beattempted within reasonable

    limits; shims must not be used to correct major

    discrepancies.

    f

    Saab9

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  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

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  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

    29/114

    S 4351

    .

    :\

    mber

    Camber can be adjusted by fitting suitable shims

    under both bearing brackets for the top

    wishbone.

    When increasing or decreas ing the camber

    angle, always fit ident ical shims under both

    bearing brackets. Reducing the shim thickness

    will increase the positive camber and increasing

    the shim thickness will reduce the positive

    camber. After measuringthe camber, referto the

    table

    on

    page 601-6.

    Shims are available

    in

    thicknesses

    0.5

    1. 0 and

    2.0

    mm, See the Technical Data section forthe

    camber specification.

    , -.

    N.B.

    The wishbone bearing nearerthe back of the car

    is availab le in a thinner var iant which allows a

    wider adjustment range.

    See

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    Catalogue.

    iT

    i

    1

    i

    I

    I

    The castor can be adjusted

    byfitting

    shims under

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    Moving shims from the forward bearing bracket

    and fitting them under the rear bracket on the

    wishbone will increase the castor and vice versa,

    When a shim

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    a given thickness is removed

    from under one bearing bracket, a shim

    of

    the

    same thickness must be fitted under

    the

    otherto

    avoid the camber being altered. After measuring

    the castor, refer

    to

    the table on page 601-6.

    Shims are available in thicknesses 0.5 1. 0 and

    2 0 mm. Refer to the Technical Data section

    fo r

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    :

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    .

    Saab 900

    601-4 Wheel alignment

  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

    30/114

    Altering of the camber wil l also alter the swivel

    pin inclination by the same amount. Because the

    ba sic swivel-pin inclination is determined by the

    design of the steering swivel member, it cannot

    be adjusted.

    If

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    camber has been

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    therefore be replaced.

    . ,,

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    r-

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    Steering angles

    Saab900

    Wheel alignment 601-5

  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

    31/114

    Before the steering angles

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    be

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    justed.

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    respective wheel.

    Make surethe turntables are setto zero then turn

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    If

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    20.75 0.5 If the turning angle is incor

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    the entire steering swivel member must be

    re-

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    Outer wheel

    nner wheel 2 75

    0.5

    Optical measuring equipment

    Saab900

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  • 8/10/2019 6 - Front Assembly, Steering Device [OCR]

    32/114

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    Steering swivel member 631-1

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    Checking ball-joint play

    Replacing a ball

    joint

    .

    631 1

    631 2

    Replacing bal l- jo in tseals . .

    631 3

    or

    any ball-joint play to be detected the wish

    bones must be relieved of the tension imposed

    by the coil spring and damper.

    1 Fit insert83

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    3 Check the radial play in the top and bottom

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    steering swivel member. Take care not t o

    pinch and damage the rubber seal

    Maximum radial play: 1 mm.

    4 Inspect the rubber seals for damage and re

    place anythat are defective.

    Saab

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    Wishbones 632 -1

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    .

    Upper wishbone 632 1

    Lower wishbone . . . . . .

    632 12

    If the wishbones have been subjected to violent

    stresses as the result of a c ollision o r the like

    they must be carefully inspected for signs offai-

    lure or distortion. Iffound to be defective in any

    way they must be replaced.

    remove

    N

    Before the upper wishbone

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    can be removed the engine will first have to

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    Manual

    1 Raise and support the car.

    2 Remove the road wheel.

    3 Relieve the load

    on the damper by applying a

    jack under the outer end of t he lower

    wishbone.

    ndo

    the bottom damper mount- .

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    1 Wishbone

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    4 Fit s prin g c ompres so r 8818791 complete

    with jaws 8818809 bottom jaw first.

    Saab900

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    in

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    Remove the two nuts securing the engine

    mounting to the steady bar.

    ish ones

    63 5

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    .

    \

    Remove the two nuts securing the engine

    mounting to the block.

    Lif t out the mount ing tak ing care not to

    damage the gaiter

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    9 Remove the four bolts securing the

    wishbone bearing bracketsto the body. Note

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    ings.

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    y t he bearing brackets comp lete w ith

    bushes.

    Saab9

    632-6 Wishbones

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    Thoroughly clean all parts before refitting and re

    place any that are worn or damaged.

    1 Fit the rubber bushes: apply soapy water to

    the bushes and press them into the bearing

    bracl

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    4 Insert the four bolts securing the wishbone

    bear ings to the body and ref it the shims

    exactly as before

    5 Tighten the bolts

    6 Refitthe enginemountings asfollows:

    Carsf itted withhydraulic enginemountings:

    Place the engine mounting and rubber in

    position

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    holes the body

    ~ f ~

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    Saab

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    where applicable .

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    I

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    o

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    arsnot

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    o Put the engine mounting in position.

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    mounting the block

    ish ones

    63 9

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    Tighten the two bolts securing the engine

    mounting

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    Saab

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    632

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    ;

    /

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    10

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    11

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    12 Check the wheel alignment see subsection

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    13 Test drive the car

    Saab

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