The Union Dissolves

Ch.6 Sec.3

Election of 1860

• Election of 1860– Stephen Dougles (D) – John Breckenridge (D)– Abraham Lincoln (R)– John Bell (CU)• Lincoln wins despite getting no Southern states• Many Southern states felt there was no choice but to

secede

Secession Begins…

• Southern Secession– South Carolina first state to secede– Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana,

and Texas followed– South viewed this as the 2nd American Revolution

(fighting for people’s rights)

Compromise Fails…

• Crittenden’s Compromise– Slavery would exist where is already does in the

U.S.– Slavery would exist in Southern territories in the

West and outlawed in Northern west territorie– Lincoln urged Republicans to vote it down in

Congress– Bill did not pass

Compromise Fails…

• 1861 Peace Convention– 21 Northern states showed up to reconcile

differences– No representatives showed up from the

secessionist states

Founding the Confederacy

• Confederate States of America– Met on same day as the peace conference, met

and declared themselves a new nation– Nicknamed “The Confederacy”– New laws guaranteed state rights, legality of

slavery, no protective tariffs– Jefferson Davis elected as first President

Civil War Begins…

• Fort Sumter– Located in South Carolina– A federal military base that Lincoln ordered

supplies sent to– Davis decided to seize the fort– Marked the beginning of the Civil War

The Border States

• More States Secede– Virginia, Arkansas, North Carolina, & Tennessee

seceded rather than take up arms against fellow Southerners

– Richmond, VA named capital of the Confederacy• Other Border States– Kentucky, Missouri, and Maryland all important to

keep in the Union– Martial Law – military rule imposed by a central

govt on its territories

Cause & Effect

• Causes of the Civil War– Disagreements over the Kansas-Nebraska Act– Violence in Kansas– Dred Scott ruling– John Brown’s raid on Harper’s Ferry– Southern States seceding– Attack on Fort Sumter