5.the Study Development of Chinese Mercury-Free Catalyst

8/12/2019 5.the Study Development of Chinese Mercury-Free Catalyst

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Until the end 2010, PVC capacity reached 20427 KT/yr (including P-PVC). And the

volume of producers was 94, and the average capacity was 217400 mt/yr. Among them,

the capacity of acetylene-based route was 16.52 million mt/yr, accounting for 80.9% of

total capacity. Along with some large-scale units put into the production relying on theresource advantages in western and middle areas, the capacity proportion of acetylene-

based route was increasing continuously.

The development of Chinese PVC industry and the utilization of mercury


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In the year 2009, the total output of PVC was 9,150,000 tons in China, and the output of

acetylene-based PVC was 5,800,000 tons, accounting for 63.4% of total output.

In the year 2010, the total output of PVC was 11,300,000 tons in China, and the output

of acetylene-based PVC was above 8,000,000 tons, accounting for 70% of total output.



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The reasons for developing acetylene-based PVC in China:

The energy resource structure of lacking oil, poor natural gas and rich coal

The route of ethylene-based PVC is hard to meet the needs of healthy development

of Chinese PVC industry.

The development of acetylene-based PVC industry goes into the better track.

As a whole, the development of acetylene-based PVC industry fits to the

situation of Chinese energy resource structure, fits to the objective requirement

of development of domestic PVC industry and chlor alkali industry. Along with

the scale of domestic PVC industry increase, acetylene-based PVC has been the

backbone of domestic PVC industry.



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The development of Chinese PVC industry and the utilization of mercury---The situation of mercury

consumption

During the production process of acetylene-based PVC, the catalyst is made by chlorinated mercury

with the carrier of activated carbon. The activity of catalyst will reduce due to mercury sublimation

and catalyst poisoning. Finally, the catalyst needs to be changed, and the inactivated mercury

catalyst would become waste catalyst mercury. At present, we mainly adopt chlorinated mercury

catalyst in the process of acetylene-based PVC production.

To solve the high mercury consumption of acetylene-based PVC industry and the mercury pollution

resulted by mercury emission, it is the severe test that faced by industry and producers.


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Facing with mercury emission of acetylene-based PVC industry, China Petroleum and

Chemical Industry Federation(CPCIF), China chlor alkali industry association(CCAIA), some

PVC producers and catalyst producers did a lot of meaningful attempt and exploration on

pollution prevention side and got certain progress on the development and application of low

mercury catalyst and mercury-free catalyst, and have preliminary package and working lineon the mercury pollution control.

The situation of mercury reduction and emission for acetylene-based PVC industry


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Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3

The promotion of

low-mercury catalyst

The promotion of

low-mercury catalyst

and the reduction of

mercury

consumption

The R&D and

promotion of solid

mercury

The industrial test

stage of solid

mercury catalystThe promotion of solid

mercury catalyst and

the reduction of

mercury consumption

The R&D and

promotion of

mercury-free catalyst

The basic R&D stage

of mercury-freecatalyst

The pilot test and

industrial test stage ofmercury-free catalyst

The promotion of

mercury-free catalyst

and mercury-free

stage

The work line of domestic mercury reduction and emission


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Mercury reduction and

emission of acetylene-

based PVC industry

The technology research of mercury-

free catalyst

After the technology research of

research institutions and productionenterprises, the R&D of mercury-

free catalyst got certain lab process,

but still has certain distance with the

industrial production.

The promotion and application

of low-mercury catalyst

Along with the industrial test,

the application of low-mercurycatalyst has just come into

effect with some actual difficult

problems among acetylene-

based PVC producers.



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The R&D development of mercury-free catalyst and the existed problemsNecessity

At present, mercury supply reduces year by year and the mercury pollution is more

serious. So we need to control the emission and utilization of mercury.

The necessity and importance of developing the R&D of mercury-free catalyst:

The lack of mercury resources would exert the influence on production

The pressure of performance on international convention

The constraints from domestic policy


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The R&D development of mercury-free catalyst and the existed problems---The R&D development

The study of mercury-free catalyst started from 1970s. On 1990s, Nankai University

selected the optimal catalyst that has similar activity and selectivity with chlorinated high

mercury. However, due to the loss of the active component, mercury-free catalyst

deactivated.


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The early situation

After the research between Tsinghua University and Xinjiang Tianye, it made mercury-

free catalyst and tested the activity. And the original activity will be 1/3 of chlorinated

mercury catalyst and had certain reproducibility. However, due to the reason of cokeand material loss, catalyst deactivated in the reaction and regeneration process.

The solid-phase catalytic system researched by Sichuan University and Yibin

Tianyuan existed the fly temperature phenomenon and it was hard to control the

reaction temperature.



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The current research

In order to promote the R&D of mercury-free catalyst and the application of new

technology, Industrial technology innovation strategy alliance of mercury-free catalyst

composed by CPCIF, CCAIA, some acetylene-based PVC producers and research

institutes founded in August 2010, which will "gas-solid method mercury-free catalyst

technology" and "gas to liquid mercury free catalyst method technology" as the

research projects of technology research and development.



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Nankai UniversityNankai University took the research of "gas-solid method mercury-free catalyst technology.

On December 2010, Nankai University developed the related research of mercury-free

catalyst together with Xinjiang Tianye.

In addition, Nankai University also got significant progress on catalyst deactivation

regeneration and reutilization.



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Xinjiang Tianye

In order to study the field of mercury-free catalyst deeply, Xinjiang Tianye developed the

long-term cooperative research with Tsinghua University, Nankai University etc. At

present, it has formed the platform of mercury-free catalyst research and theengineering test.

Cooperated with Tsinghua University

Cooperated with Nankai University

Cooperated with Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences



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The R&D development of mercury-free catalyst and the existed problems---The difficulties

The problems that exist in the R&D process of mercury-free catalyst

The system exists the technical flaws

The technical requirements of supporting technology and the reactor

Technical and economic contradiction

The pressure on time

Huge funding gap


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The suggestions of related policy

Participate in international negotiations actively and strivefor the time space for the domestic industry

Enhance the promotion of mercury-free catalyst and

control the process of mercury reduction and emission

Increase the funding and policy support strengthofnational level

Strengthen the R&D input of mercury-free catalyst


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5.the Study Development of Chinese Mercury-Free Catalyst