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5th Asian Conference on
Food and Nutrition Safety”Science-based Solutions – Sustainable Actions”
&Symposium on
Biotechnology and Nutritionally Enhanced Food and Crops
November 3-7, 2008 • Shangri-La’s Mactan Resort & Spa, Cebu, Philippines
Organizers
Food and Nutrition Research Institute Department of Science and Technology, Philippines
International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)Southeast Asia Region
SUMMARY REPORT
Rodolfo F. Florentino,
M.D., Ph.D.
Editor
International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)Southeast Asia Region
5th Asian Conference on
Food and Nutrition Safety”Science-based Solutions – Sustainable Actions”
November 5-7, 2008 • Shangri-La’s Mactan Resort & Spa, Cebu, PhilippinesNovember 5 Nov
Organizers
Food and Nutrition Research Institute Department of Science and Technology, Philippines
2 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Welcome from the Organizer
On behalf of ILSI, we take great pleasure in welcoming our distinguished guests, speakers and delegates to this
5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety, held in beautiful Mactan Island, Cebu, Philippines.
ILSI Southeast Asia Region (ILSI SEA Region) is privileged to partner with the Food and Nutrition Research
Institute, Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-DOST) of the Philippines, to jointly organize and co-
sponsor the 5th meeting of this conference series in Asia.
This Conference’s theme, “Science-based Solutions - Sustainable Actions” highlights the increasing challenges
faced by many governments, especially those in the developing countries, in ensuring aff ordable safe food
and water supply for their populations. Amidst the current global fi nancial crisis coupled with the recent
unprecedented rise and volatility in world food prices, there is urgent need for the international community
and all stakeholders in the food supply chain to come together. Concerted eff orts in addressing and resolving
emerging and re-emerging food hazards and water safety concerns, including the potential eff ects of climate
change on biosecurity, understanding of and better harnessing of technology for nutritious food production,
and strengthening of science-based food regulatory measures will eff ectively improve the quality and safety of
our foods along the farm-to-table continuum.
We appreciate the many eminent food safety experts and scientists from diff erent parts of the world who are
joining us here to share their expertise, exchange knowledge and lessons learnt to help improve current food
safety control in the developing world. We need to utilize rational and appropriate science-based approach
while implementing sustainable actions that facilitate trade and ease the fl ow of safe foods across nations.
We are grateful to all contributors including international agencies such as the Food and Agriculture Organization
of the United Nations, the World Health Organization, international institutions and national agencies here in
the Philippines for their generous and enthusiastic support. Last but not least, the Conference would not be
possible without the guidance and hard work of the Scientifi c and Organizing Committee as well as the staff of
the Secretariats in ILSI SEA Region and FNRI-DOST, for their precious time and tireless eff orts in the planning and
execution of this Conference and its Satellite Symposium on Biotechnology and Nutritionally Enhanced Food
And Crops, held just prior to the Conference.
We hope that you will fi nd this Conference fruitful and enjoyable, and that you will also take time after the
Conference to explore Cebu’s many cultural and tropical attractions and experience the warm hospitality of the
Filipinos!
Geoff ry Smith Yeong Boon Yee
President Executive Director
ILSI Southeast Asia Region ILSI Southeast Asia Region
Chair, 5th ACFNS Co-chair, 5th ACFNS
International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)Southeast Asia Region
35th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Welcome from the Co-organizer
It is with great pride and pleasure that I, on behalf of the Conference Organizers and Sponsors, warmly welcome
our valued speakers and delegates to the 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety (Science-based
Solutions – Sustainable Actions) and its Pre-Conference Satellite Symposium on Biotechnology and Nutritionally
Enhanced Food and Crops. This Conference is brought to us all, through a strategic public-private sector
partnership, forged by a common desire to better our lives through science and its applications.
This is the fi rst time in 18 years in the history of the international Conference that the Philippines becomes its
venue (after Kuala Lumpur, Bangkok, Beijing, and Bali), off ering multi-faceted opportunities for local, regional,
and international food safety stakeholders in government, industry, and private sector – to interact and ensure
that science works to improve the quality and safety of our food supply, within and outside our national or
regional geographical boundaries in Asia.
The Conference is more relevant today than ever before because the present world fi nancial crisis can threaten
our food security safeguards, particularly our food and nutrition safety assurance eff orts against emerging and
re-emerging food hazards, from the farm to the table. The countries in the Asian region must be ready to meet
these new and persistent food and nutrition challenges, with science-based solutions for sustainable actions.
As Co-Organizer, the FNRI-DOST envisions participants being updated on scientifi c advances and regulatory
developments, thereby promoting their understanding and appreciation of science-based decision processes
and of harmonized approaches toward compliance with international standards - to render local products
globally competitive, while protecting consumer health.
For its part, the FNRI-DOST will continue to pursue food and nutrition safety- focused research and development,
build and maintain responsive technical infrastructure and services through its nutrition surveys, food analytical
and biochemical laboratory services, nutritional food product development, technology transfer, education
and communication, consistent with its mandate.
As Local Chair of this Conference, I hope that the public-private partnership initiative (that was responsible for
this momentous scientifi c event to happen in the Philippines) multiplies into networks and programs for the
same cause: optimum health for all, through food and nutrition safety.
On behalf of the FNRI-DOST family, I wish the speakers and the delegates a memorable learning experience
from the Conference, Cebu and its people.
MARIO V. CAPANZANA, Ph.D.
Director, FNRI-DOST
Local Chair, 5th ACFNS
Food and Nutrition Research Institute Department of Science and Technology, Philippines
55th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
About the Organizers
The International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) is a nonprofi t, worldwide foundation based in Washington,
DC, USA, established in 1978 to advance the understanding of scientifi c issues relating to nutrition, food safety,
toxicology, risk assessment and the environment. ILSI accomplishes its work through its world-wide branches
and the ILSI Research Foundation.
Established in 1993, ILSI Southeast Asia Region is headquartered in Singapore to facilitate and coordinate
scientifi c programs, research and information dissemination throughout Southeast Asia, Australia, New Zealand
and the Pacifi c Islands. By bringing together scientists from academia, government, industry and the public
sector, ILSI SEA Region seeks a balanced approach to solving problems of common concern for the well-being
of the general public. ILSI SEA Region receives fi nancial support from industry, governments and foundations.
The Food and Nutrition Research Institute (FNRI) is the principal research arm of the Philippine government
in food and nutrition, and is one of the research and development institutes of the Department of Science and
Technology (DOST). The Institute is committed to pursue the goals and objectives of the National Science and
Technology Plan (NSTP) and the Philippine Plan of Action for Nutrition (PPAN). After sixty-one years, the FNRI
continues to provide relevant technologies and scientifi c information on food and nutrition. Some of its major
accomplishments include the development and commercialization of nutritional food products, conduct of
periodic nation-wide nutrition surveys, development of analytical food quality and safety assurance systems,
strategies and programs to address the malnutrition problems, and tools, guidelines and standards to serve the
needs of nutrition and nutrition-related workers. All these technologies are transferred to health and nutrition
program implementers as well as the households and communities with the end view of improving the quality
of life of Filipinos.
International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)Southeast Asia Region
Food and Nutrition Research Institute Department of Science and Technology, Philippines
6 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Conference ProgramWednesday, November 5, 2008
0715 - 0830 Registration
Opening Session
0830 - 0930 Introduction
Mr John Ruff , President, ILSI
Mr Geoff ry Smith, President, ILSI SEA Region
Welcome Remarks
Congresswoman Nerissa Corazon Soon-Ruiz, M. D, Representative, 6th District, Province of
Cebu, Philippines
Keynote Address and Offi cial Opening
Dr Francisco T Duque III, Secretary, Department of Health, Philippines
0930 - 1010 Morning Break, Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Opening Plenary Emerging Food and Nutrition Safety Issues – Global Challenges, Asian Perspectives
Chair: Dr Rodolfo Florentino, Nutrition Foundation of the Philippines, Philippines
1010 - 1050 Trade, Economics and Policies Impacting World Food Supply, Food Safety and
Biosecurity – International Perspectives
Dr Masami Takeuchi and Dr Ezzedine Boutrif, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United
Nations (FAO-UN)
1050 - 1130 Climate Change and Evolving Food and Agriculture Practices – Implications for
Food Safety and Relevance to Asia
Dr Alistair Boxall, Central Science Laboratory, UK
1130 - 1210 Risk Analysis Framework for Integrated Food Safety System in Meeting Current
Global Challenges
Dr Abikusno Nugroho, World Health Organization (WHO), Southeast Asia Regional Offi ce
and Dr Jorgen Schlundt, WHO
1210 - 1330 Lunch, Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Plenary 2A Safe Food Supply Chain, Farm-to-Table – Food Safety Standards, Risk Assessment
and Regulatory Framework
Chair: Dr Dedi Fardiaz, National Agency for Drug and Food Control, Indonesia
1330 - 1400 International Food Safety Regulations and Standards – The Role of Codex
Dr Alicia Lustre, National Food Authority (NFA), Department of Agriculture (DA), Philippines
1400 - 1430 Major Food-borne Hazards in Asia – Contaminants
Dr Junshi Chen, Chinese Center for Disease Control (CCDC), China
75th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
1430 - 1500 Ensuring Safety of Products through Traceability and Risk Assessment of
Ingredients and Contaminants – Industry Perspectives on Recent Melamine
Containminations in Protein Source
Dr Robert Baker, Mars Incorporated, Thailand
1500 - 1530 Afternoon Break , Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Plenary 2B Safe Food Supply Chain, Farm-to-Table – Food Control Systems, Quality
Standards and Consumer Perspectives
Chair: Mr Philippe Gallardo, Nestlé Quality Assurance Centre for Asia-Pacifi c (NQAC), Nestlé R&D,
Singapore
1530 - 1600 Establishing Quality, Safety Control and Meeting International Standards –
Challenges from an Asian Food Processor
Mr Errol Angeles, Agriculture and Industrial Cluster, San Miguel Foods Inc, Philippines
1600 - 1630 Food Safety Systems in Asia – Lessons Learnt in Training and Strengthening
Food Safety Systems within Asia
Mr Peter Hoejskov, FAO Regional Offi ce for Asia and the Pacifi c, Thailand
1630 - 1700 Meeting Quality Standards and Local Needs – Retail and Food Service Industry
Perspectives
Ms Andi Nuraida Angriyani, PT Carrefour Indonesia, Indonesia
1700 - 1730 Consumer Knowledge and Perception on Food Safety and Impact on
Regulations
Dr George Fuller, Asian Food Information Center, Singapore
1730 - 1745 Q & A
1745 – 1830 Dedicated Posters and Exhibits Session
Thursday, November 6, 2008
Plenary 3 Evolving Food Microbial Challenges, Responses and Management
Chair: Dr Mario Capanzana, Food and Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Science and
Technology (FNRI-DOST), Philippines
0830 - 0900 Role of Microbial Criteria and Value of Sampling
Dr Anna Lammerding, Public Health Agency of Canada, Canada
0900 - 0930 Risk Assessment and Exposure Information – Perspectives for the Industry
Dr Mathew Lau, Nanyang Polytechnic, Singapore
0930 - 1000 Responses to Emerging Microbial Risk – The US Experience
Dr David Lineback, Joint Institute for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition – Food & Drug
Administration (JIFSAN-FDA), University of Maryland, USA
8 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
1000 - 1030 Eff ective Strategies for Risk Management and Communication to the Public
– The Japanese Experience
Mr Hitoshi Kodaira, Food Safety Commission Secretariat, Cabinet Offi ce, Japan
1030 - 1045 Q & A
1045 - 1130 Morning Break, Dedicated Posters and Exhibits Session
Plenary 4 Safe Water Supply
Chair: Dr Elias Escueta, The Coca-Cola Export Corporation, Philippines
1130 - 1155 Water and Packaging Safety – An Industry Perspective
Mr Philippe Gallardo, NQAC, Nestlé R&D, Singapore
1155 - 1220 Standard for Drinking Water and Updates on Bottled Drinking Water Standard
Mrs Maria Theresa Correa–Cerbolles, Bureau of Food and Drugs, Department of Health,
Philippines
1220 - 1245 Safe Water Supply – A Community Approach in Vietnam with Project SWAN
Ms Kumiko Takanashi, ILSI Center for Health Promotion, Japan
1245 - 1300 Q & A
1300 – 1400 Lunch, Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Plenary 5 Nutrients and Ingredients Safety
Chair: Mr Geoff ry Smith, ILSI SEA Region
1400 - 1430 Nutrients Risk Assessment - International Regulatory Development
Ms Bonnie Field, Food Standards Australia New Zealand
1430 - 1500 Nutrients and Bioactives: Claims and Regulatory Development in Asia
Dr Tee E Siong, TES NutriHealth Strategic Consultancy, Malaysia
1500 - 1530 Novel Foods – Approach to Risk Assessment in Europe
Dr Paul Hepburn, Unilever UK Limited, UK
1530 - 1545 Q & A
1545 - 1615 Afternoon Break, Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Concurrent Symposia
1615 – 1830 Symposium A – Food Analysis, Methodology, Testing and Standards
Chair: Dr Alicia Lustre, NFA, DA, Philippines
Symposium B – Risk Assessment and Responses to Hazards and Contaminants
in the Food Chain
Chair: Dr Junshi Chen, CCDC, China
1900 Conference Reception
95th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Friday, November 7, 2008
Plenary 6 Food Packaging – Safety and Sustainability
Chair: Dr Hyun Jin Park, Korea University, Korea
0830 - 0900 Food Contact Materials and Articles – Safety Considerations from the European
Union Perspective
Dr Emma Bradley, Central Science Laboratory, UK
0900 - 0930 Packaging – Safety and Environmental Impact of Practices in Asia
Dr Vanee Chonhenchob, Kasetsart University, Thailand
0930 - 1000 Challenges for the Food Industry in Managing Packaging Safety, Innovation
and Compliance Needs
Dr Thomas Gude, Swiss Quality Testing Service, Migros, Switzerland
1000 - 1030 Morning Break, Posters and Exhibits Viewing
Closing Plenary Harnessing New Technologies for Health, Safety and Future Food Challenges
Chair: Dr Corazon Barba, University of Philippines Los Baños, Philippines
1030 - 1100 Science and Technology – Risks vs Benefi ts
Dr David Lineback, JIFSAN-FDA, University of Maryland, USA
1100 - 1130 New Technology and Health – Meeting Asia’s Nutrition and Food Safety Challenges
Dr Mario Capanzana, FNRI-DOST, Philippines
1130 - 1200 Developing New Foods to Meet Health, Safety and Environmental Needs –
Opportunities and Challenges for the Industry
Mr John Ruff , ILSI
1200 - 1230 Synthesis and Closing Remarks
Dr Maria Antonia Tuazon and Mrs Boon Yee Yeong, ILSI SEA Region
1230 - 1345 Lunch
1345 - 1630 Optional Technical Field Tour
General Milling Corporation
All registered participants are eligible to sign up for the Technical Field Tour
Concurrent Workshops
1345 - 1730 Workshop 1
Regional Collaboration of Food Consumption Surveys in Southeast Asia for
Dietary and Exposure Assessment
Workshop 2
Microbial and Chemical Risk Assessment – Case Examples
Participation in the Workshops is by invitation only
Dedicated Posters & Exhibits Sessions
Wednesday, November 5, 2008 1745 - 1830
Thursday, November 6, 2008 1045 - 1130
10 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Executive Summary
About the Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
The series of Asian Conferences on Food and Nutrition Safety aims to highlight challenges faced by governments
particularly in Asia in ensuring the safety of food and water supply for their populations. To contribute to the
scientifi c understanding of these challenges and the strategies to confront them, the International Life Sciences
Institute Southeast Asia Region (ILSI SEA Region), in partnership with the Food and Nutrition Research Institute-
Department of Science and Technology, Philippines, organized the fi fth of the series, following those held in
Malaysia (1991), Thailand (1995), China (1999), and Indonesia (1994). The objective of the conference was to
update delegates on scientifi c and technological advances in this area that will further science-based decisions
and regulatory systems, and promote harmonized approaches within the region. The 5th ACFNS, with its
theme, “Science-based Solutions – Sustainable Actions”, highlighted the emerging food and nutrition safety
challenges especially in Asia, and the modern technologies to meet these challenges. The conference was held
in Shangri-la Mactan Resort and Spa, Cebu, Philippines, from November 5 to 7, 2008, attended by more that 250
participants from ASEAN countries and other countries of Asia, as well as from the USA, Canada and Europe. The
conference featured eight plenary sessions, two concurrent symposia and two workshops, as well as posters
and exhibits.
The 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
With the expansion of international trade brought about by the advent of globalization, together with rapid
urbanization, changing diets, and technological advances in the food industry, governments all over the world
are faced with numerous challenges in ensuring the safety of food and water supply for their populations.
To contribute to the scientifi c understanding of these challenges and the strategies to confront them, the
International Life Sciences Institute Southeast Asia Region (ILSI SEA Region) and the Food and Nutrition Research
Institute-Department of Science and Technology, Philippines, organized the 5th Asian Conference on Food and
Nutrition Safety (5th ACFNS) in Cebu, Philippines, from November 5 to 7, 2008. The 5th ACFNS, with its theme,
“Science-based Solutions – Sustainable Actions”, highlighted the emerging food and nutrition safety challenges
particularly in Asia, and the modern technologies to meet these challenges.
The Conference featured an opening plenary session followed by fi ve other plenary sessions dealing with food
safety issues in the whole food supply chain, challenges posed by microbial and chemical hazards, and water,
nutrients and ingredients safety. The closing plenary session looked at how the food industry faces future food
safety challenges.
The opening plenary session gave an overview of emerging food safety hazards with particular reference
to challenges facing Asia, and the broad strategies to control them. Implementation of the framework of
“biosecurity” was proposed, together with strengthening of international cooperation in assessing food security
risks. The potential impact of climate change was discussed. It was learned that overall, climate change will likely
increase the risk to human exposure to agricultural contaminants.
The next two plenary sessions discussed the issues on food safety in the entire food supply chain, from farm
to table. Discussion of Codex and other international food safety regulations brought out the constraints that
developing countries face in participating eff ectively in the formulation of standards. Using some illustrative
work in China with food additives and the melamine scare as a case study, the importance of exposure
assessment and raw material risk analysis was emphasized. It was recommended that developing countries
should conduct their own exposure assessment on chemical hazards, in order to identify priorities and develop
115th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
control measures based on the proper protection level. It was observed that food safety issues in Asia are
governed by fragmented legislation, unclear food management systems, inadequate human and fi nancial
resources, insuffi cient analytical capabilities, and weak consumer awareness in food safety. It was suggested
that risk-based approach should be followed, and policies, institutions and support services on food safety
should be fi rmly established, supported by strong partnership among government, industry, and consumers.
The next session dealt with evolving microbial challenges in the face of the global distribution system greatly
lengthening the food chain. The role of microbial criteria (MC) and value of sampling as components of an
over-all risk-based control system were emphasized. The various constraints to hazard identifi cation and risk
characterization particularly in Asia, were pointed out. The collection and sharing of data among Asian countries
was strongly proposed to mitigate the paucity of data in the region. Two case studies of microbial outbreaks in
the US showed the need for a highly eff ective traceback system, together with increased vigilance and rapid
preventive action. Experience in Japan pointed to the importance of eff ective risk communication.
The next plenary session discussed the issue of safe water supply. Two examples illustrated eff ective strategies
in ensuring safe water supply, one in industry, the Water Management and Operations system in Nestlé, and
the other in the community, the SWAN project in Vietnam. Standards for drinking water and bottled water were
described, with particular reference to the Philippines.
Nutrients and ingredients safety was the subject of the next plenary session. It was emphasized that nutritional
risk assessment should consider both inadequate intake and excessive intake, particularly pointing to the
growing importance of fortifi ed and supplemented food. To confi rm that the actual intakes of a novel food are
within the expected range of intakes, a Post-Launch Monitoring was proposed to show that unexpected eff ects
are unlikely to occur when a large population is exposed for a potentially long period of time. Workshops and
surveys of regulatory agencies in the region showed that there are considerable diff erences in the permitted
nutrition and health claims and in the countries’ regulatory framework for approval of claims. However, these
workshops and discussions provide avenues for harmonizing the development of these activities among
countries in the region.
The next plenary session dealt with the quality and safety issues related to the reaction of food ingredients
with packaging materials. Under normal conditions of storage, the issues of concern include transfer of odor
from packaging material, the transfer of food fl avor to inside and outside of packaging, the transfer of printing
solvent, and the formation of off -odor from adhesive and resin. Migration is dependent on the nature of food
contact material and nature of the foodstuff , type of contact, temperature, and time. In the case of plastics,
migration testing may use food simulants such as water, 3% acetic acid, 10% ethanol, olive oil or 50% ethanol.
More rigid testing may use migration modeling and analytical screening.
In the closing plenary session, eff orts of the Asian food industry in trying to cope with the many challenges
posed by the proliferation of food hazards were summarized. These consist of eff orts to update and harmonize
food safety regulations and standards, participation in regional and international food safety eff orts, drafting of
new legislations to improve implementation of food safety programs, adoption of international accreditation
for food safety programs, and information exchange between and among countries. The closing plenary also
pointed out that the issue of risk vs benefi ts is now assuming greater importance. The challenge, however, is
how we measure and compare risks vs benefi ts. It was concluded that the fi nal decision should always result
in benefi ts exceeding risks. However, keeping pace with rapid changes in consumer demand along with
confl icting information on health and wellness, have presented complex challenges to the food industry. Today
competitive advantage often comes from levering the discovery of others. It was concluded that partnerships
and alliances are essential for success. Successful organizations have to learn how to juggle confl icting issues
and to resort to open innovation, aside from gaining the trust and confi dence of their customers and consumers.
12 5th Asian Conference on Food and Nutrition Safety
Concurrent Symposia
In the afternoon of the second day of the Conference, two Concurrent Symposia were held. One symposium
dealt with food analysis, methodology, testing and standards. The usefulness and system of Profi ciency
Testing (PT) which could help detect and cure any unacceptable large inaccuracies in the expected results
was discussed. Breakthrough innovations such as the Liquid Chromatograph (LC)/Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS)
platforms, amplifi cation techniques of nucleic acid sequences, and DNA Testing technology for microbiological
testing of foods and feeds, were described.
The other symposium dealt with risk assessment and responses to hazards and contaminants. It was pointed
out that understanding interactions between food-borne pathogens and interfaces is essential for developing
methods for control. A multi-disciplinary approach is required, not only using basic microbiology, but also
molecular and “omic” studies, in addition to advanced surface chemistry techniques. Emerging and future
contaminants arising from degradation products of environmental wastes were discussed, while new analytical
methods were described that allow the identifi cation of a wide range of environmental contaminants. A system
for automated identifi cation and quantifi cation at very low levels of a large number of target compounds in a
single round was described. Finally, the Philippine experience in responding to recent microbial outbreaks in
contaminated rice cake and egg sandwich was presented.
Concurrent Workshops
In the afternoon of the third day of the conference, two concurrent workshops were held. The participants
in one workshop discussed their countries’ challenges and diffi culties in diet and exposure assessment.
The participants recommended to pursue harmonization and other ways of collaboration including the
establishment of reference laboratories; the development of a survey framework to meet both the need for
nutrition and exposure assessment; the collaboration of industry in sharing their data and in supporting food
consumption surveys; development/adoption of standardized methods for collection of data; collection of
biological samples for exposure assessment while conducting population surveys; and coming out with a food
contaminant database for the country as well as for the region.
The other workshop dealt with issues on chemical risk assessment taking the melamine scare as a case
example. Among the lessons learned from the melamine scare include the failure of inspection to detect the
melamine contamination; the strategic failure of communication to consumers; the diffi culty in diff erentiating
adulteration from background contamination, and the use of surrogate metabolites. It was suggested to
broaden the thinking to include economic adulteration, exercise greater rigor for specifi c food groups such as
infant foods, implement stringent monitoring, strengthen strategic network of response teams, and promote
international transparency. Finally, the participants recommended addressing the issue of raising analytical
capability through collaboration between public and private laboratories, setting up laboratory networks and
reference laboratories, and training of personnel and risk managers.