5G: Optimized Capacity and E2E Experience

© 2019 TM Forum | 1Sensitivity: Internal & Restricted

5G: Optimized Capacity and E2E Experience


Key Catalyst Contributors

Champions Champions Participants

Project LeadProject Lead


Catalyst Problem Statement

With huge variability in population density across geographical and network boundaries and daily population tidal flows; moving from best endeavours to guaranteed SLAs means 5G service delivery must transform into a real-time, predictive, and cross-CSP activity, or CSPs risk ever-more intense pressure to invest in network resources for peak usage and failing to optimize available resource monetization.


The pre-requisites of a solution to this problem

PredictiveAble to anticipate future demand changes and modify resource allocation in real-time

On-Demand & Real-time

Able to calculate resource availability and provision in real-time upon service request

StandardizedAble to interoperate seamlessly within components of the same network and across different CSPs

OptimizedAble to allocate the minimum possible network resources while maintaining SLA guarantees

Cross-DomainSimultaneously and in real-time, aware and in control of all domains across access, core, and transmission


OrchestrationInventory Assurance Settlements

“Have I got the available resources?”

“Am I delivering

the service?”

“Am I fulfilling the promise and do I risk

breaching it?”

“Are my agreements

being honoured

based on ?”

CSP1

CSP2

“Right now, for every one of my customers…”

Answering the most important questions opens up new possibilities


In other words:

“It’s one thing to deliver on the 5G promise”

“It’s another thing entirely to profit from it”


Catalyst Introduction: Business on wheels

High quality communicationGuaranteed service quality

all the way

No service disruption, coverage

issues

Seamless connectivity even while

crossing national boundaries


Our Catalyst Scenario overview

Preparing Delivering services Preventing issues Handing over

Slice Orchestration & Dynamic Capacity OptimizationPredictive Assurance triggered

tactical orchestration

Enhanced Customer Experience (“Business on wheels”)

Dynamic Assurance for Roaming customers

Seamless X-Boundary experience

1

3

2

4

5

VIP Subscriber slice created

Journey begins

Breach risk detected

Imminent Border crossing detected

Connects to CSP2

Telepresence requested

Capacity %Used

Buffer

Available


Resource Mgt / Controllers / Orchestrators

5G HKNT

High-Level Catalyst Architecture Diagram

ONAP

Slice Orchestrato

r

Service Orchestrator

Experien

ce A

ssuran

ce &

An

alytics™ (EA

A)

Op

tiGo

Digital Services Enablement Platform

Customer Facing Service Orchestrator

Inter-CSP Settlement

Act

ive

and

Ava

ilab

le I

nve

nto

ry

CFSO


5G UC 5G HKNT

Domain

Slice Subnet Orchestrator

Domain Controllers

SLASLA

Slice Planning

Tool

Assurance

Distributed Ledger

SDN-R/C VF-CRAN Transport Core

NFV MANO

Service Orchestration, Operations & Cross-Domain Management

5G UC

TMF 628

TMF 642

TMF 641TMF 645

TMF 645

TMF 628, TMF 641, TMF 645TMF 649, TMF 653, TMF 656

TMF 641 TMF 645

Inventory Publish

Inventory Update Subscribe

USE

CA

SES:

BT

and

VER

IZO

N

TMF 641TMF 645

Arris CangoMYCOM

OSIVerizonAmdocs WiproNokia


Resource Mgt / Domain Controllers / Orchestrators

Catalyst Building blocks to ODA Mapping

Network Service Orchestration

Digital Services Enablement Platform

CFS Orchestration


SLA

Assurance & AnalyticsActive and

Available Inventory

ODA Production

ODA

Engagement

CFS Orchestration

Planning

ODA Core Commerce

ODA Party

Digital Services

Enablement

Platform

CFS Orchestration

ODA

Intelligence

Planning

Assurance &

Analytics

CFS Orchestration


ODA Functional Architecture

Functionality Description / Purpose

Authentication and Authorization

Correctly authenticates and authorizes a Party, including role management.

User-interaction lifecycle management

Manage Party interactions with the different services (provide consent, configure services, etc.) as well as their relationship with other users (create groups and share services)

Journey Management Configure and adapt interactions of different types and subtypes of Parties.

FrontEnds (GUIs) Portals and application interfaces that are rendered for interactions.

Access to content Access to data contained in different repositories, according to Party rights. It can include Access through FrontEnds or via APIs.

Content Aggregation Collects information from multiple internal and / or external sources, including digital body language, and transcodes them for a single presentation format, storing document references.

Content Organization Classifies or categorizes data according to predefined ranking plans

Personalization of content

Adapts content and renders them based on context, use and interfaces.

Filtering of content Provides select capabilities for content based on engagement context and criteria.

Information Services Information services, or selective dissemination of information (push) or alerts based on events (including social listening.

User Interface Orchestration

Defines, formats and structures the sequence of user interfaces (UIs) needed by a process.

Integration & Migration

Integrating internal systems/software/devices with external systems/software/devices - this includes social network platforms etc. It provides for migration of data between internal and external systems/software/devices.


Decoupling

ODA Functional Architecture (Network Slice User Guide)

Resource

Network 5G Network

CFS/RFS

4G/3G Networks

Assurance & Analytics

Forecasting

RFS/CFS Impact

Resource Inventory

More APIsAnalytics APIPolicy API

Resource Inventory

Resource Inventory

Resource Inventory

BSSBSS/BOS • Manage customer orders

• Decompose orders to CFS• Manage customer SLAs

Service Catalogue

Service Orchestration • Manage services

• Decompose CFS to RFSs• Manage CFS SLAs

4G & 3G Core SM RAN SM Transport SM

Resource Orchestration (Including E2E Slice Management) Resource

Inventory

• Manage E2E resources• Manage E2E RFS SLAs

RFSsRFSs

CFSs

Resources Resources Resources Resources

Resources

Resources

CFSs/RFSs

• Allocate domain resources• Configure and activate domain

resources

RFS

CFS

ODA

Production

ODA Core Commerc

e

ODA Party

Intelligence

Engagement

Service Inventory

Resource Catalog


ODA Intelligence Layer (IF 1177)


Catalyst Use cases

UC1

Slice planning & optimization

UC2

Tactical Orchestration

UC3

Enhanced customer experience

UC4

Dynamic assurance

UC5

Seamless customer experience

Slice Orchestration & Dynamic Capacity Optimization

Benefits

- Minimisedallocation of expensive network resources

- Enhanced, guaranteed experience

Predictive Assurance triggered tactical Orchestration

Benefits

- Avoidance of SLA breaches

- Enhanced customer experience

Enhanced Customer Experience: Business on Wheels

Benefits

- monetization of available resources in real-time

Dynamic assurance for a roaming customer

Benefits

- Optimization of resource allocation

- Enhanced customer experience, even in a roaming scenario

Seamless Customer Experience across CSP boundaries

Benefits

- Complex agreement adherence recorded in one place

- Real-time monitoring

- Real-time settlement process


Use case 1 – Slice Orchestration & Dynamic Capacity Optimization

Pre-requisites: Network slice templates designed, including assurance KPIs, SLAs and broadcasted. < any other statement>

1) AAI provides network resources available for 5G network, along with capacities to the operator.

2) Operator requests creation of slices, SPT fetches the physical network topology and overall capacity available for 5G slices from AAI.

3) SPT requests SO to instantiate the Network Slice and Network Slice Sub-nets as required (TMF 641). SO, in turn, instantiates required slice sub-nets with assigned resources.SO updates slice details to AAI which broadcasts it.

4) SPT requests EAA to measure KPIs for instantiated slices (TMF 628).

5) EAA monitors slice KPIs and reports slice usage KPI info to SPT.

6) Using information reported by EAA, SPT continuously optimizes resources allocated to each slice, and requests SO to re-allocate resources (TMF 641).

7) AAI shows new slice, shows new capacity adjustment and allocations, talk about how other NS could be tapered down (zero sum game)

Wipro Slice Planning Tool

(SPT)

Amdocs Active & Available

Inventory (AAI)

MYCOM OSI Service Assurance

(EAA)

Arris Service Orchestrator

(SO)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Vie

w n

etw

ork

re

sou

rce

det

ails

Up

dat

e sl

ice

det

ails

Slic

e an

d s

lice

sub

-n

et in

stan

tiat

ion

Slic

e re

sou

rce

re-a

lloca

tio

n

KPI measurement request

Slic

e u

sage

KP

I rep

ort

Fetc

h n

etw

ork

d

etai

ls

Slice Plan & optimize

TMF

64

1

TMF

64

1

TMF

62

8

Inventory publish



Use case 2 – Predictive Assurance triggered tactical Orchestration Pre-requisites: Network slice templates designed, including assurance KPIs, SLAs and broadcasted.

1) EAA Performs data collection in push or pull towards VNFs, Controllers and Active testing agents and generates KPIs

2) EAA Performs near term predictions, identifies near future anomalies and triggers TMF 642 warning alarm notifying SO of the future Throughput buffer exhaustion on eMBB-4K, the alarms includes a recommendation for a tactical orchestration to scale up eMBB-4K

3) SO Receives the alarm with the recommendation and triggers a slice instance @ VC03 scale up towards the Sub Network Slice Orchestrators and updates AAI

4) AAI broadcasts the information about (re)configured slices.

5) EAA Subscribing to AAI lifecycle updates confirming the scale-up validates the predicted congestion will not happen anymore. Once the temporary excess of traffic is predicted to go back to normal, EAA clears the predicted congestion alarm with a recommended scale-down

6) SO Receives the alarm clear with the recommendation and triggers a slice instance @ VC03 scale down towards the Sub Network Slice Orchestrators and updates AAI

7) AAI broadcasts the information about (re)configured slices.

8) EAA receives lifecycle update and validates congestion and QoS is correct, shows a summary dashboard with congestion levels, lifecycle changes and QoS level for all the slices at VC03


Inventory (AAI)

MYCOM OSI Service Assurance

(EAA)


(SO)

8

eMB

B@

VC

03

slic

e sc

ale-

up

Predicted Service Threshold Alarm

1

5G Universal Communications

3

47

Inventory publish


eMB

B@

VC

03

slic

e sc

ale

do

wn

65 2

Clear ServiceThreshold Alarm

TMF

64

2

TMF

64

2

Up

dat

e sl

ice

con

figu

rati

on


Use case 3 – Enhanced customer experience: Business-on-wheels

Wipro Digital Services

Enablement Platform (DSEP)

5G UC Wipro Customer facing

Service Orchestrator(W-CFSO)

5G HKNT Nokia Customer facing

Service Orchestrator (N-CFSO)

Wipro Slice Orchestrator

(SL-O)


(SO)

MYCOM OSI Service

Assurance (EAA)

Pre-requisites: Network slices have been instantiated and allocated sufficient capacity.

1) Customer requests for telepresence service while he is on the move from Nice to Monte Carlo. DSEP forwards the same to W-CFSO (5G UC).

2) CFSO realizes geo spread and contacts SO (5G UC) (TMF 645) and 5G HKNT for service availability.

3) 5G HKNT responds with available service options

4) SO resolves sequence slice instances involved to fulfil the service and passes on the request to Slice orchestrator (TMF 645).

5) SL-O verifies Slice Availability & queries Assurance for predictive slice Utilization information (TMF 628)

6) EAA provides predicted utilizations for different slices

7) DSEP receives available options and presents to user. User selects one of the options which DSEP converts to a service order. This is passed onto SO via CFSO.

8) SO accepts the request and creates necessary configuration/instantiation for the service (TMF 641).

1Telepresence service request

2

Qu

ery

ser

vice

av

aila

bili

ty

3

Query predictive slice utilization info

Provide predictive slice utilization info for different slices

4

5

6

Ava

ilab

le s

erv

ice

o

pti

on

s

Inst

anti

ate

serv

ice

8

Available service options

7

Qu

ery

serv

ice

avai

lab

ility

Ava

ilab

le s

ervi

ce

op

tio

ns

Instantiate service

TMF 628

TMF

64

5

TMF

64

1

TMF

64

5


Use case 4 – Dynamic assurance for a roaming customerPre-requisites: Customer has started his journey to Monte Carlo and is enjoying the Telepresence service and just crossed Eze village. The customer's journey is being tracked by SO for service assurance.

1) SO subscribes to location updates from the network and provides it to OptiGo through SL-O.

2) OptiGo continuously aggregates UE movements and predicts future capacity utilization.

3) As the customer moves towards VC09, OptiGo predicts future congestion at VC09. OptiGo predicts possible threshold crossings and triggers alarm towards SO (TMF 642) of future throughput buffer exhaustion on eMBB-4K.

4) SO triggers path change actions for eMBB-4K slice based on the tactical orchestration action recommendation received in the alarm from OptiGo.

5) AAI receives update of re-configured slices and broadcasts the same.

6) Upon receiving update from AAI confirming the change in path, OptiGo validates that the predicted congestion will not happen and clears the predicted congestion alarm (TMF 642) with a recommended path re-allocation.

7) OptiGo continues to collect SLA violations for all the slices and makes it available to SL-O for analyzing specific user journeys within 5G UC domain.


Inventory (AAI)

CanGo Service Assurance & Automation

(OptiGo)


(SO)

5

eMB

B-4

K @

VC

09

slic

e in

stan

ce u

pd

ate

Predicted Service Threshold Alarm


2

4 6

Clear ServiceThreshold Alarm

Inventory publish


Up

dat

e sl

ice

re-

allo

cati

on

det

ails

Wipro Slice Orchestrator

(SL-O)

1

Loca

tio

n u

pd

ates

TMF

64

2

3TMF

64

2SL

A v

iola

tio

n

det

ails


Use case 5 - Roaming Handoff Between CSPs

Pre-requisites: Mobile emBB call started and active on 5GUC network. Subscriber is being shuttled via Robotaxi to final destination in 5GHKT coverage area.

1) Subscriber is on eMBB call on 5GUC Network. SLA parameters, events being logged into BL by 5GUC SA systems (TMF649 - Performance Management Threshold, TMF628 -Performance Management, TMF657 - Service Quality Management ). User approaches roaming HO area as scheduled.

2) 5GUC reads BL to confirm 5GHKT has capacity to support HO to equivalent emBB slice (Policy based HO decision made)(TMF653 - Service Test Management). Mobile sends HO message to 5GHKT Nwk.

3) 5GHKT receives and HO message, copies message to BL, completes HO to equivalent SLA Service, logs successful HO completion to BL.

4) 5GHKT Nwk saves SLA performance parameters for the roaming service. (TMF649 - Performance Management Threshold, TMF628 - Performance Management, TMF657 -Service Quality Management).

5) Call terminates normally, event recorded in BL. 5GUC Nwk updates slice resource capacity record in BL.

Vz Block Chain Ledger

1

52

3

4


5G Hyper-Connected

Tele

pre

sen

ce s

ervi

ce

in p

lay,

Per

f D

ata

, Eve

nts

lo

gged

into

BL

5G

UC

co

nfi

rms

slic

e ca

pac

ity

on

5G

HK

T N

wk

SLA checks andCall End Logged to BL

Perf MessagesLogged to BL

HO MessagesLogged to BLTMF 649,

628, 657

TMF 653

TMF 649,628, 657


Problems this Catalyst addresses:

• Need consistent business processes• Simplify business integration

• Need Automated forecasting / prediction• Avoid human error• Maximize utility for capital

investments• Every technology requires its own strategy for just In time provisioning

• Decrease time to market• Need for feedback loop from “Operations”

• Enable optimal use of resources• Minimize revenue loss & decrease

cost

eTOM Level 1 Model (Copyright TM Forum)

New Feedback Loop

PlanningActionableInsights

Customer Roaming Experience

Dynamic tactical fixes within

planning budget

Strategic Calendarized

Planning loop + strategic allocation

of budget

5G Slice Resource Consumption Introduces New Challenges

Business Needs

TMF 664 - Resource Functions Provisioning

TMF 628 – Perf Monitoring TMF 649 -Thresholds


OperationsStrategy, Infrastructure & Product

PlanningDB

Service AssuranceProvisioning

New Product

GrowthProjection

NewTechnology

OptimizationDirective

CapitalAllocation

Marketing, Finance & Design

Inventory &

Performance Data

TMF 628 – Perf Monitoring

TMF 649 – Thresholds

TMF 642 Alarm Management

Analytics

Forecasting Profitability Capacity

Provisioning & Build Directives

TMF 664 - Resource Functions

Provisioning

TMF 640 – Activation

& Configuration

1

2

3

45 6

7

Strategic Planning

8

• Network Model / Topology

• Planning Regions / Market

• Financial Model

- Cost

- Revenue

• Historical Data & Trends

- Slice & License Utilization

Manual

Input

6’Automatic Creation

Planning Policies

• Slice Thresholds

• Slice & License Augmentation

• Lead Time to Exhaust

• Lead Time to Approve & Build

Action / Recommendation

• Growth Plan

• Capital Plan

• Optimization Plan

Policies & Actions

User Experience


Functions of various components

Component Function

Active and Available Inventory Contains inventory of network resources and network topology, active network slices and services.

Service Orchestrator Performs service orchestration functions, and interfaces with Planning/Slice Orchestrator, slice sub-net orchestrator & CFSO.

Slice sub-net orchestrator Performs slice sub-net orchestration functions.

OptiGo Monitors & reports fault and performance trends of services and slices, predicts fault/performance issues.

Experience Assurance and Analytics

Predicts resource utilization of slices, monitors and reports resource utilization and performance levels of the network.

Digital Services Enablement Platform (DSEP)

Enables end-user to interact with the CSP network, and provide inputs on preferences for service quality and cost

Customer Facing Service Orchestrator (CFSO)

Interprets the end-user provided inputs and maps them into appropriate network-understandable parameters to SO.

Slice Planning Tool Determines appropriate resources to be allocated to slices during instantiation, as well as optimize resources based on utilization.

Slice Orchestrator Determines feasibility of hosting a service on a specified slice, provides alternatives and also reports service experience.

Service Operations and Cross Domain Management

Performs all the service and slice orchestration functions, and interfaces with the various domain controllers and NFVO.

Inter-CSP settlement Handles settlements between 5G UC and 5G HKT based on an immutable blockchain

Note: The functions stated above are only with reference to this Catalyst project.


TMF Open API usage

S. No. TMF Components Usage

1.TMF 628 Performance Management API

Wipro Planning, MYCOM OSI PM, Wipro SLO, Cango PM, Nokia

• To obtain (slice sub-net) resource utilization and service requests.

• To obtain predicted resource utilization and service requests for all slices and internal subslices.

• To obtain details for SLA violations for instantiated services

2.TMF 641 Service Ordering API

Arris SO, Wipro SLO, Nokia

• To instantiate a new slice• To instantiate new subslices for a new slice• To update the resource allocation for subslices

3.TMF 642 Alarm Management API

Cango PM, Arris SO, Nokia

• Reporting for SLA violation alarms associated with services

4.TMF 645 Service Qualification API

Wipro CFSO, Arris SO, Wipro SLO, Nokia

• To obtain details for feasibility of a new service instantiation along with alternatives


TMF Open API usage

S. No. TMF Components Usage

5.TMF 623 SLA Management API

Nokia (assurance, inventory)

• GST attributes SLA life cycle management (e.g.: GST parameters values, Metrics and Thresholds)

6.TMF 633 Service Catalog

Nokia (orchestration, inventory)

• Expose to the BL service catalogue lifecycle ( e.g.: retrieve all available services and a service specification)

7.TMF 638 Service Inventory


• Get service attributes and service availability ( e.g.: for feasibility checks)

8.TMF 640 Activation and Configuration


• Service state change notification

9.TMF 649 Performance Management Threshold


• Configure and readjust thresholds to complement GST SLA

• Resources, service, and SLA violations on slices, etc. Thresholds crossing alarms are sent using TMF 642 Alarm API.

10.TMF 653 Service Test Management


• BL to check reliability of a service (preparation or runtime)


TMF Open API usage

S. No. TMF API Components Usage

11.TMF 656 Service Problem Management


• Service Problem Management• Obtain existing Service Problem details

12.TMF 657 Service Quality Management


• Monitor Service Quality and respective thresholds

• Get Service Quality alarms

13.TMF 664 Resource Functions and Activation

Nokia

• Resource Function Activation & Configuration. Manage the lifecycle of network services and VNFs, similar to ETSI SOL interfaces

14.TMF 673 Geo- Address Management


• Validate Slice feasibility by address

15.TMF 675 Geo-Location Management


• Validate Slice feasibility by location


Benefits: Capacity & Experience Optimization in 5G sliced network

Optimized Capacity

5G sliced Network

Dynamic Usage feed to

Planning & Optimization

Leverage

Predictive information

Customer Mobility

information sharing

Real time tracking of premium

customers

Inter-CSP Resource sharing Enhanced

Customer Experience

5G differentiated Customer

Assured Service Quality

Ability to make

service choices

Seamless Connectivity

Ubiquitous Presence

Optimized Cost of service


Catalyst USP’s Use case USP’s

• Dynamic closed loop 5G Slice capacity optimization, by leveraging Slice Usage statistics

• Increased end-user satisfaction for corporates and premium subscribers by providing better alternatives for assured QoS/QoE.

Slice Orchestration & Dynamic Capacity Optimization

• A Network in tune with social life, by leveraging external information

Predictive Assurance triggered tactical Orchestration

• Time saving for busy customers, constantly on the move, by leveraging UE trajectory information

Enhanced Customer Experience Business on Wheels

• Seamless assured service through real time tracking, by leveraging UE location information

Dynamic assurance for a roaming customer

• Real time tri-party Service SLA resolution across CSP boundaries, by leveraging Block Chain technology

Seamless Customer Experience across CSP boundaries

Maximizing slice resource efficiency in real-timeEnable 5G Monetization while capturing revenue and CAPEX reduction opportunities through strategic and tactical buffer management

Maximizing revenue potentialEmbracing a DevOps like approach satisfying planner’s need to support persona-based service provisioning, strategically and tactically

Intelligent, Assured ExperienceAn implementation of predictive, machine learning based management with possible integration into standard APIs

Cross-domain, agnostic ONAP orchestration and assuranceThe first working ONAP-compatible model for slicing that supports full lifecycle management with common inventory and monitoring capability

Planning for Increased MarginsSmart Analytics enables planners to build the network assets where the profitability is maximum


• Flexible 5G Orchestration Architecture: How do we E2E orchestrate communication services which need to be rendered through multiple NSIs as the customer moves . What are different levels of service abstractions that need to be orchestrated and how these need to work together.

• Tactical VS Strategic Planning: there is a need for better integration between tactical and strategic processes such as using analytics to identify multiplied occurrences of tactical orchestration to be fed into strategic planning

• On-demand planning & VIP Handling: Service feasibility analysis needs to be integrated into all integration assets with a better “What-if” of all involved systems and parties (Intra and Inter CSP)

• Hybrid ONAP Architecture using TMF Assets: Co-existence of ONAP (A&AI and Orchestration entities) and non ONAP components .i.e Assurance, DSEP is feasible, a blue-print to be defined?

• Inter CSP and Roaming: How does one manage E2E QoS for a roaming customer? How are SLA violations recorded agreed to between CSPs and customer

• Predictive Management: the ability to specify future time context requested for predictive data in both alarms (TMF642) and Performance (TMF628) need to be considered. Leverage of tracking information to fine tune predictions

• Other more specific SDO assets suggested enhancements required to fulfill the Catalyst use cases and value

– TMF641: Service Ordering to improve planning, traceability, flexible specification and cross-CSP / roaming use cases

– TMF645 Modifications - Cross CSP communications for CFS-Ordering exchange , communicate alternate services

– Block chain: Information to be shared between CSPs and even customers (may be 5G-5G or 5G-4G) for roaming and subscriber assurance

– 3GPP: 28.552 / 28.554 could have more counters providing screening at the Network SubSlice level

– GSMA: TMF ODA Extensions for enhancing the GSMA NIST GST

Lessons Learned


Contacts

Mark [email protected]

Milind [email protected]

Jaspreet [email protected]

Anbu [email protected]

Samita [email protected]

Vinay [email protected]

Bill [email protected]

Yoann [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]









Thank You

Documents

5G: Optimized Capacity and E2E Experience